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1. Clinical profile of patients with acute traumatic brain injury undergoing cranial surgery in the United States: report from the 18-centre TRACK-TBI cohort study.

Author: Yue, John, Kanter, John, Barber, Jason, Huang, Michael, van Essen, Thomas, Elguindy, Mahmoud, Foreman, Brandon, Korley, Frederick, Belton, Patrick, Pisică, Dana, Lee, Young, Kitagawa, Ryan, Vassar, Mary, Sun, Xiaoying, Satris, Gabriela, Wong, Justin, Ferguson, Adam, Huie, J, Wang, Kevin, Deng, Hansen, Wang, Vincent, Bodien, Yelena, Taylor, Sabrina, Madhok, Debbie, McCrea, Michael, Ngwenya, Laura, DiGiorgio, Anthony, Tarapore, Phiroz, Stein, Murray, Puccio, Ava, Giacino, Joseph, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Lingsma, Hester, Mukherjee, Pratik, Yuh, Esther, Robertson, Claudia, Menon, David, Maas, Andrew, Markowitz, Amy, Jain, Sonia, Okonkwo, David, Temkin, Nancy, and Manley, Geoffrey
Subjects: Craniotomy, Decompressive craniectomy, Glasgow outcome scale, Medical decisionmaking, Neuroimaging, Traumatic brain injury, Traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, Triage
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Contemporary surgical practices for traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain unclear. We describe the clinical profile of an 18-centre US TBI cohort with cranial surgery. METHODS: The prospective, observational Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study (2014-2018; ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT02119182) enrolled subjects who presented to trauma centre and received head computed tomography within 24-h (h) post-TBI. We performed a secondary data analysis in subjects aged ≥17-years with hospitalisation. Clinical characteristics, surgery type/timing, hospital and six-month outcomes were reported. FINDINGS: Of 2032 subjects (age: mean = 41.4-years, range = 17-89-years; male = 71% female = 29%), 260 underwent cranial surgery, comprising 65% decompressive craniectomy, 23% craniotomy, 12% other surgery. Subjects with surgery (vs. without surgery) presented with worse neurological injury (median Glasgow Coma Scale = 6 vs. 15; midline shift ≥5 mm: 48% vs. 2%; cisternal effacement: 61% vs. 4%; p
Published: 2024

2. Prior traumatic brain injury is a risk factor for in-hospital mortality in moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a TRACK-TBI cohort study.

Author: Yue, John, Etemad, Leila, Elguindy, Mahmoud, van Essen, Thomas, Belton, Patrick, Nelson, Lindsay, McCrea, Michael, Vreeburg, Rick, Gotthardt, Christine, Tracey, Joye, Coskun, Bukre, Krishnan, Nishanth, Halabi, Cathra, Eagle, Shawn, Korley, Frederick, Robertson, Claudia, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Satris, Gabriela, Tarapore, Phiroz, Huang, Michael, Madhok, Debbie, Giacino, Joseph, Mukherjee, Pratik, Yuh, Esther, Valadka, Alex, Puccio, Ava, Okonkwo, David, Sun, Xiaoying, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoffrey, DiGiorgio, Anthony, Badjatia, Neeraj, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Fabian, Brian, Ferguson, Adam, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Russell Huie, J, Dirk Keene, C, Lingsma, Hester, MacDonald, Christine, Markowitz, Amy, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura, Rodgers, Richard, Schneider, Andrea, Schnyer, David, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Torres-Espin, Abel, Vassar, Mary, Wang, Kevin, Wong, Justin, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: mortality, patient outcome assessment, risk factor, traumatic brain injury
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: An estimated 14-23% of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) incur multiple lifetime TBIs. The relationship between prior TBI and outcomes in patients with moderate to severe TBI (msTBI) is not well delineated. We examined the associations between prior TBI, in-hospital mortality, and outcomes up to 12 months after injury in a prospective US msTBI cohort. METHODS: Data from hospitalized subjects with Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3-12 were extracted from the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study (enrollment period: 2014-2019). Prior TBI with amnesia or alteration of consciousness was assessed using the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method. Competing risk regressions adjusting for age, sex, psychiatric history, cranial injury and extracranial injury severity examined the associations between prior TBI and in-hospital mortality, with hospital discharged alive as the competing risk. Adjusted HRs (aHR (95% CI)) were reported. Multivariable logistic regressions assessed the associations between prior TBI, mortality, and unfavorable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended score 1-3 (vs. 4-8)) at 3, 6, and 12 months after injury. RESULTS: Of 405 acute msTBI subjects, 21.5% had prior TBI, which was associated with male sex (87.4% vs. 77.0%, p=0.037) and psychiatric history (34.5% vs. 20.7%, p=0.010). In-hospital mortality was 10.1% (prior TBI: 17.2%, no prior TBI: 8.2%, p=0.025). Competing risk regressions indicated that prior TBI was associated with likelihood of in-hospital mortality (aHR=2.06 (1.01-4.22)), but not with hospital discharged alive. Prior TBI was not associated with mortality or unfavorable outcomes at 3, 6, and 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: After acute msTBI, prior TBI history is independently associated with in-hospital mortality but not with mortality or unfavorable outcomes within 12 months after injury. This selective association underscores the importance of collecting standardized prior TBI history data early after acute hospitalization to inform risk stratification. Prospective validation studies are needed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02119182.
Published: 2024

3. Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury Diagnosis and Prognosis: A TRACK-TBI Pilot Study

Author: Yue, John K, Kobeissy, Firas H, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Phelps, Ryan RL, Korley, Frederick K, Gardner, Raquel C, Ferguson, Adam R, Huie, J Russell, Schneider, Andrea LC, Yang, Zhihui, Xu, Haiyan, Lynch, Cillian E, Deng, Hansen, Rabinowitz, Miri, Vassar, Mary J, Taylor, Sabrina R, Mukherjee, Pratik, Yuh, Esther L, Markowitz, Amy J, Puccio, Ava M, Okonkwo, David O, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Manley, Geoffrey T, Wang, Kevin KW, Badjatia, Neeraj, Foreman, Brandon, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Jha, Ruchira M, Lingsma, Hester F, Madden, Christopher, Madhok, Debbie Y, McCrea, Michael A, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay D, Ngwenya, Laura B, Robertson, Claudia S, Rodgers, Richard B, Satris, Gabriela G, Schnyer, David M, Valadka, Alex B, van Essen, Thomas A, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Neurosciences, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, acute phase reactant, alarmin, cytokine, neuroinflammation, prognosis, traumatic brain injury
Abstract: The relationship between systemic inflammation and secondary injury in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is complex. We investigated associations between inflammatory markers and clinical confirmation of TBI diagnosis and prognosis. The prospective TRACK-TBI Pilot (Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Pilot) study enrolled TBI patients triaged to head computed tomography (CT) and received blood draw within 24 h of injury. Healthy controls (HCs) and orthopedic controls (OCs) were included. Thirty-one inflammatory markers were analyzed from plasma. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate discriminatory ability. AUC >0.7 was considered acceptable. Criteria included: TBI diagnosis (vs. OC/HC); moderate/severe vs. mild TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale; GCS); radiographic TBI (CT positive vs. CT negative); 3- and 6-month Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) dichotomized to death/greater relative disability versus less relative disability (GOSE 1-4/5-8); and incomplete versus full recovery (GOSE
Published: 2023

4. Neuroendocrine Dysfunction After TBI

Author: Alfawares, Yara, Yang, George L., Lamichhane, Rabindra, Yaqub, Abid, Ngwenya, Laura B., Coccolini, Federico, Series Editor, Coimbra, Raul, Series Editor, Kirkpatrick, Andrew W., Series Editor, Di Saverio, Salomone, Series Editor, Ansaloni, Luca, Editorial Board Member, Balogh, Zsolt, Editorial Board Member, Biffl, Walt, Editorial Board Member, Catena, Fausto, Editorial Board Member, Davis, Kimberly, Editorial Board Member, Ferrada, Paula, Editorial Board Member, Fraga, Gustavo, Editorial Board Member, Ivatury, Rao, Editorial Board Member, Kluger, Yoram, Editorial Board Member, Leppaniemi, Ari, Editorial Board Member, Maier, Ron, Editorial Board Member, Moore, Ernest E., Editorial Board Member, Napolitano, Lena, Editorial Board Member, Peitzman, Andrew, Editorial Board Member, Reilly, Patrick, Editorial Board Member, Rizoli, Sandro, Editorial Board Member, Sakakushev, Boris E., Editorial Board Member, Sartelli, Massimo, Editorial Board Member, Scalea, Thomas, Editorial Board Member, Spain, David, Editorial Board Member, Stahel, Philip, Editorial Board Member, Sugrue, Michael, Editorial Board Member, Velmahos, George, Editorial Board Member, Weber, Dieter, Editorial Board Member, Brogi, Etrusca, editor, Ley, Eric J., editor, and Valadka, Alex, editor
Published: 2024
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5. Feasibility and Utility of a Flexible Outcome Assessment Battery for Longitudinal Traumatic Brain Injury Research: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Author: Bodien, Yelena, Barber, Jason, Taylor, Sabrina, Boase, Kim, Corrigan, John, Dikmen, Sureyya, Gardner, Raquel, Kramer, Joel, Levin, Harvey, Machamer, Joan, McAllister, Thomas, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Vassar, Mary, Whyte, John, Temkin, Nancy, Giacino, Joseph, Markowitz, Amy, McCrea, Michael, Manley, Geoff, and Yue, John
Subjects: assessment, feasibility, outcome assessment, traumatic brain injury, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Feasibility Studies, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Glasgow Outcome Scale
Abstract: The effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are difficult to measure in longitudinal cohort studies, because disparate pre-injury characteristics and injury mechanisms produce variable impairment profiles and recovery trajectories. In preparation for the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study, which followed patients with injuries ranging from uncomplicated mild TBI to coma, we designed a multi-dimensional Flexible outcome Assessment Battery (FAB). The FAB relies on a decision-making algorithm that assigns participants to a Comprehensive (CAB) or Abbreviated Assessment Battery (AAB) and guides test selection across all phases of recovery. To assess feasibility of the FAB, we calculated the proportion of participants followed at 2 weeks (2w) and at 3, 6, and 12 months (3m, 6m, 12m) post-injury who completed the FAB and received valid scores. We evaluated utility of the FAB by examining differences in 6m and 12m Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) scores between participant subgroups derived from the FAB-enabled versus traditional approach to outcome assessment applied at 2w. Among participants followed at 2w (n = 2094), 3m (n = 1871), 6m (n = 1736), and 12m (n = 1607) post-injury, 95-99% received valid completion scores on the FAB, in full or in part, either in person or by telephone. Level of function assessed by the FAB-enabled approach at 2w was associated with 6m and 12m GOSE scores (proportional odds p
Published: 2023

6. Effects of age and time since injury on traumatic brain injury blood biomarkers: a TRACK-TBI study

Author: Gardner, Raquel C, Puccio, Ava M, Korley, Frederick K, Wang, Kevin KW, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Okonkwo, David O, Puffer, Ross C, Yuh, Esther L, Yue, John K, Sun, Xiaoying, Taylor, Sabrina R, Mukherjee, Pratik, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoffrey T, Feeser, Venkata R, Ferguson, Adam R, Gaudette, Etienne, Gopinath, Shankar, Keene, C Dirk, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B, Robertson, Claudia, Temkin, Nancy, Vassar, Mary, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Aging, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Neurological, Injuries and accidents, traumatic brain injury, aging, head CT, biomarkers, diagnostic, TRACK-TBI Investigators
Abstract: Older adults have the highest incidence of traumatic brain injury globally. Accurate blood-based biomarkers are needed to assist with diagnosis of patients across the spectrum of age and time post-injury. Several reports have suggested lower accuracy for blood-based biomarkers in older adults, and there is a paucity of data beyond day-1 post-injury. Our aims were to investigate age-related differences in diagnostic accuracy and 2-week evolution of four leading candidate blood-based traumatic brain injury biomarkers-plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, S100 calcium binding protein B and neuron-specific enolase-among participants in the 18-site prospective cohort study Transforming Research And Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury. Day-1 biomarker data were available for 2602 participants including 2151 patients with traumatic brain injury, 242 orthopedic trauma controls and 209 healthy controls. Participants were stratified into 3 age categories (young: 17-39 years, middle-aged: 40-64 years, older: 65-90 years). We investigated age-stratified biomarker levels and biomarker discriminative abilities across three diagnostic groups: head CT-positive/negative; traumatic brain injury/orthopedic controls; and traumatic brain injury/healthy controls. The difference in day-1 glial fibrillary acidic protein, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 and neuron-specific enolase levels across most diagnostic groups was significantly smaller for older versus younger adults, resulting in a narrower range within which a traumatic brain injury diagnosis may be discriminated in older adults. Despite this, day-1 glial fibrillary acidic protein had good to excellent performance across all age-categories for discriminating all three diagnostic groups (area under the curve 0.84-0.96; lower limit of 95% confidence intervals all >0.78). Day-1 S100 calcium-binding protein B and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 showed good discrimination of CT-positive versus negative only among adults under age 40 years within 6 hours of injury. Longitudinal blood-based biomarker data were available for 522 hospitalized patients with traumatic brain injury and 24 hospitalized orthopaedic controls. Glial fibrillary acidic protein levels maintained good to excellent discrimination across diagnostic groups until day 3 post-injury irrespective of age, until day 5 post-injury among middle-aged or younger patients and until week 2 post-injury among young patients only. In conclusion, the blood-based glial fibrillary acidic protein assay tested here has good to excellent performance across all age-categories for discriminating key traumatic brain injury diagnostic groups to at least 3 days post-injury in this trauma centre cohort. The addition of a blood-based diagnostic to the evaluation of traumatic brain injury, including geriatric traumatic brain injury, has potential to streamline diagnosis.
Published: 2022

7. Genetic vulnerability and adverse mental health outcomes following mild traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of CENTER-TBI and TRACK-TBI cohorts

Author: Ackerlund, Cecilia, Adams, Hadie, Amrein, Krisztina, Andelic, Nada, Andreassen, Lasse, Anke, Audny, Antoni, Anna, Audibert, Gérard, Azouvi, Philippe, Azzolini, Maria Luisa, Bartels, Ronald, Barzó, Pál, Beauvais, Romuald, Beer, Ronny, Bellander, Bo-Michael, Belli, Antonio, Benali, Habib, Berardino, Maurizio, Beretta, Luigi, Blaabjerg, Morten, Bragge, Peter, Brazinova, Alexandra, Brinck, Vibeke, Brooker, Joanne, Brorsson, Camilla, Buki, Andras, Bullinger, Monika, Cabeleira, Manuel, Caccioppola, Alessio, Calappi, Emiliana, Calvi, Maria Rosa, Cameron, Peter, Lozano, Guillermo Carbayo, Carbonara, Marco, Castaño-León, Ana M., Cavallo, Simona, Chevallard, Giorgio, Chieregato, Arturo, Citerio, Giuseppe, Clusmann, Hans, Coburn, Mark Steven, Coles, Jonathan, Cooper, Jamie D., Correia, Marta, Čović, Amra, Curry, Nicola, Czeiter, Endre, Czosnyka, Marek, Dahyot-Fizelier, Claire, Dark, Paul, Dawes, Helen, De Keyser, Véronique, Degos, Vincent, Della Corte, Francesco, Boogert, Hugo den, Depreitere, Bart, Đilvesi, Đula, Dixit, Abhishek, Donoghue, Emma, Dreier, Jens, Dulière, Guy-Loup, Ercole, Ari, Esser, Patrick, Ezer, Erzsébet, Fabricius, Martin, Feigin, Valery L., Foks, Kelly, Frisvold, Shirin, Furmanov, Alex, Gagliardo, Pablo, Galanaud, Damien, Gantner, Dashiell, Gao, Guoyi, George, Pradeep, Ghuysen, Alexandre, Giga, Lelde, Glocker, Ben, Golubović, Jagoš, Gomez, Pedro A., Gratz, Johannes, Gravesteijn, Benjamin, Grossi, Francesca, Gruen, Russell L., Gupta, Deepak, Haagsma, Juanita A., Haitsma, Iain, Helbok, Raimund, Helseth, Eirik, Horton, Lindsay, Huijben, Jilske, Hutchinson, Peter J., Jacobs, Bram, Jankowski, Stefan, Jarrett, Mike, Jiang, Ji-yao, Johnson, Faye, Jones, Kelly, Karan, Mladen, Kolias, Angelos G., Kompanje, Erwin, Kondziella, Daniel, Koskinen, Lars-Owe, Kovács, Noémi, Kowark, Ana, Lagares, Alfonso, Lanyon, Linda, Laureys, Steven, Lecky, Fiona, Ledoux, Didier, Lefering, Rolf, Legrand, Valerie, Lejeune, Aurelie, Levi, Leon, Lightfoot, Roger, Lingsma, Hester, Maegele, Marc, Majdan, Marek, Manara, Alex, Maréchal, Hugues, Martino, Costanza, Mattern, Julia, McFadyen, Charles, McMahon, Catherine, Melegh, Béla, Menovsky, Tomas, Mikolic, Ana, Misset, Benoit, Muraleedharan, Visakh, Murray, Lynnette, Negru, Ancuta, Nelson, David, Newcombe, Virginia, Nieboer, Daan, Nyirádi, József, Oresic, Matej, Ortolano, Fabrizio, Otesile, Olubukola, Parizel, Paul M., Payen, Jean-François, Perera, Natascha, Perlbarg, Vincent, Persona, Paolo, Peul, Wilco, Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna, Pirinen, Matti, Pisica, Dana, Ples, Horia, Polinder, Suzanne, Pomposo, Inigo, Posti, Jussi P., Puybasset, Louis, Rădoi, Andreea, Ragauskas, Arminas, Raj, Rahul, Rambadagalla, Malinka, Rehorčíková, Veronika, Helmrich, Isabel Retel, Rhodes, Jonathan, Richter, Sophie, Rocka, Saulius, Roe, Cecilie, Roise, Olav, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey, Rosenlund, Christina, Rosenthal, Guy, Rossaint, Rolf, Rossi, Sandra, Rueckert, Daniel, Rusnák, Martin, Sahuquillo, Juan, Sakowitz, Oliver, Sanchez-Porras, Renan, Sandor, Janos, Schäfer, Nadine, Schmidt, Silke, Schoechl, Herbert, Schoonman, Guus, Schou, Rico Frederik, Schwendenwein, Elisabeth, Sewalt, Charlie, Singh, Ranjit D., Skandsen, Toril, Smielewski, Peter, Sorinola, Abayomi, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Stanworth, Simon, Stevens, Robert, Stewart, William, Stocchetti, Nino, Sundström, Nina, Takala, Riikka, Tamás, Viktória, Tamosuitis, Tomas, Taylor, Mark Steven, Te Ao, Braden, Tenovuo, Olli, Theadom, Alice, Thibaut, Aurore, Thomas, Matt, Tibboel, Dick, Timmers, Marjolijn, Tolias, Christos, Trapani, Tony, Tudora, Cristina Maria, Unterberg, Andreas, Vajkoczy, Peter, Valeinis, Egils, Vallance, Shirley, Vámos, Zoltán, van der Jagt, Mathieu, van der Naalt, Joukje, Van der Steen, Gregory, van Dijck, Jeroen T.J.M., van Erp, Inge A., van Essen, Thomas A., Van Hecke, Wim, van Heugten, Caroline, Van Praag, Dominique, van Veen, Ernest, van Wijk, Roel, Vyvere, Thijs Vande, Vargiolu, Alessia, Vega, Emmanuel, Velt, Kimberley, Verheyden, Jan, Vespa, Paul M., Vik, Anne, Vilcinis, Rimantas, Volovici, Victor, von Steinbüchel, Nicole, Voormolen, Daphne, Vulekovic, Peter, Whitehouse, Daniel, Wiegers, Eveline, Williams, Guy, Wolf, Stefan, Yang, Zhihui, Ylén, Peter, Younsi, Alexander, Zeiler, Frederick A., Ziverte, Agate, Zoerle, Tommaso, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Barber, Jason, Bergin, Michael, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, Venkata, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Huie, Russell, Jha, Ruchira, Keene, Dirk C., Kitagawa, Ryan, Korley, Frederick, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Ben Rodgers, Richard, Rosenthal, Eric, Sander, Angelle, Sandsmark, Danielle, Schneider, Andrea, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Sugar, Gabriella, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Torres-Espin, Abel, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Wang, Kevin, Wang, Vincent, Yue, John K., Yuh, Esther, Zafonte, Ross, Kals, Mart, Wilson, Lindsay, Levey, Daniel F., Parodi, Livia, Steyerberg, Ewout W., Richardson, Sylvia, He, Feng, Sun, Xiaoying, Jain, Sonia, Palotie, Aarno, Ripatti, Samuli, Rosand, Jonathan, Manley, Geoff T., Maas, Andrew I.R., Stein, Murray B., and Menon, David K.
Published: 2024
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8. Repetitive cortical spreading depolarizations are prolonged early after experimental traumatic brain injury

Author: Best, Faith V., Hartings, Jed A., and Ngwenya, Laura B.
Published: 2025
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9. Diffusion Tensor Imaging Reveals Elevated Diffusivity of White Matter Microstructure that Is Independently Associated with Long-Term Outcome after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author: Palacios, Eva M, Yuh, Esther L, Donald, Christine L Mac, Bourla, Ioanna, Wren-Jarvis, Jamie, Sun, Xiaoying, Vassar, Mary J, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Giacino, Joseph T, Okonkwo, David O, Robertson, Claudia S, Stein, Murray B, Temkin, Nancy, McCrea, Michael A, Levin, Harvey S, Markowitz, Amy J, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoffrey T, Mukherjee, Pratik, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Disorders, Biomedical Imaging, Injuries and accidents, Neurological, Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Brain Concussion, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Cohort Studies, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Humans, Middle Aged, White Matter, Young Adult, concussion, diffusion tensor imaging, Glasgow Outcome Scale, MRI, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) literature on single-center studies contains conflicting results regarding acute effects of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on white matter (WM) microstructure and the prognostic significance. This larger-scale multi-center DTI study aimed to determine how acute mTBI affects WM microstructure over time and how early WM changes affect long-term outcome. From Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI), a cohort study at 11 United States level 1 trauma centers, a total of 391 patients with acute mTBI ages 17 to 60 years were included and studied at two weeks and six months post-injury. Demographically matched friends or family of the participants were the control group (n = 148). Axial diffusivity (AD), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were the measures of WM microstructure. The primary outcome was the Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) score of injury-related functional limitations across broad life domains at six months post-injury. The AD, MD, and RD were higher and FA was lower in mTBI versus friend control (FC) at both two weeks and six months post-injury throughout most major WM tracts of the cerebral hemispheres. In the mTBI group, AD and, to a lesser extent, MD decreased in WM from two weeks to six months post-injury. At two weeks post-injury, global WM AD and MD were both independently associated with six-month incomplete recovery (GOSE
Published: 2022

10. Clinical profile of patients with acute traumatic brain injury undergoing cranial surgery in the United States: report from the 18-centre TRACK-TBI cohort study

Author: Chung, Jason E., Coskun, Bukre, Eagle, Shawn R., Etemad, Leila L., Fabian, Brian, Ramana, Feeser V., Gopinath, Shankar, Gotthardt, Christine J., Grandhi, Ramesh, Hamidi, Sabah, Jha, Ruchira M., Madden, Christopher, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay D., Rodgers, Richard B., Schneider, Andrea L.C., Schnyer, David M., Torres-Espin, Abel, Tracey, Joye X., Valadka, Alex B., Zafonte, Ross D., Yue, John K., Kanter, John H., Barber, Jason K., Huang, Michael C., van Essen, Thomas A., Elguindy, Mahmoud M., Foreman, Brandon, Korley, Frederick K., Belton, Patrick J., Pisică, Dana, Lee, Young M., Kitagawa, Ryan S., Vassar, Mary J., Sun, Xiaoying, Satris, Gabriela G., Wong, Justin C., Ferguson, Adam R., Huie, J. Russell, Wang, Kevin K.W., Deng, Hansen, Wang, Vincent Y., Bodien, Yelena G., Taylor, Sabrina R., Madhok, Debbie Y., McCrea, Michael A., Ngwenya, Laura B., DiGiorgio, Anthony M., Tarapore, Phiroz E., Stein, Murray B., Puccio, Ava M., Giacino, Joseph T., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Lingsma, Hester F., Mukherjee, Pratik, Yuh, Esther L., Robertson, Claudia S., Menon, David K., Maas, Andrew I.R., Markowitz, Amy J., Jain, Sonia, Okonkwo, David O., Temkin, Nancy R., and Manley, Geoffrey T.
Published: 2024
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11. Parsimonious immune-response endotypes and global outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury

Author: Badjatia, Neeraj, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Feeser, V Ramana, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Ha, Ruchira J., Keene, Dirk, Madden, Christopher, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B., Rodgers, Richard B., Schnyer, David, Taylor, Sabrina R., Zafonte, Ross, Ackerlund, Cecilia, Amrein, Krisztina, Andelic, Nada, Andreassen, Lasse, Anke, Audny, Audibert, Gérard, Azouvi, Philippe, Azzolini, Maria Luisa, Bartels, Ronald, Beer, Ronny, Bellander, Bo-Michael, Benali, Habib, Berardino, Maurizio, Beretta, Luigi, Beqiri, Erta, Blaabjerg, Morten, Lund, Stine Borgen, Brorsson, Camilla, Buki, Andras, Cabeleira, Manuel, Caccioppola, Alessio, Calappi, Emiliana, Calvi, Maria Rosa, Cameron, Peter, Lozano, Guillermo Carbayo, Carbonara, Marco, Castaño-León, Ana M., Cavallo, Simona, Chevallard, Giorgio, Chieregato, Arturo, Citerio, Giuseppe, Clusmann, Hans, Coburn, Mark Steven, Coles, Jonathan, Cooper, Jamie D., Correia, Marta, Czeiter, Endre, Czosnyka, Marek, Dahyot-Fizelier, Claire, Dark, Paul, De Keyser, Véronique, Degos, Vincent, Della Corte, Francesco, Boogert, Hugo den, Depreitere, Bart, Đilvesi, Đula, Dixit, Abhishek, Dreier, Jens, Dulière, Guy-Loup, Ercole, Ari, Ezer, Erzsébet, Fabricius, Martin, Foks, Kelly, Frisvold, Shirin, Furmanov, Alex, Galanaud, Damien, Gantner, Dashiell, Ghuysen, Alexandre, Giga, Lelde, Golubović, Jagoš, Gomez, Pedro A., Gravesteijn, Benjamin, Grossi, Francesca, Gupta, Deepak, Haitsma, Iain, Helbok, Raimund, Helseth, Eirik, Huijben, Jilske, Hutchinson, Peter J., Jankowski, Stefan, Johnson, Faye, Karan, Mladen, Kolias, Angelos G., Kondziella, Daniel, Kornaropoulos, Evgenios, Koskinen, Lars-Owe, Kovács, Noémi, Kowark, Ana, Lagares, Alfonso, Laureys, Steven, Lecky, Fiona, Ledoux, Didier, Lightfoot, Roger, Lingsma, Hester, Maas, Andrew I.R., Manara, Alex, Maréchal, Hugues, Martino, Costanza, Mattern, Julia, McMahon, Catherine, Menon, David, Menovsky, Tomas, Misset, Benoit, Muraleedharan, Visakh, Murray, Lynnette, Negru, Ancuta, Nelson, David, Newcombe, Virginia, Nyirádi, József, Ortolano, Fabrizio, Payen, Jean-François, Perlbarg, Vincent, Persona, Paolo, Peul, Wilco, Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna, Ples, Horia, Pomposo, Inigo, Posti, Jussi P., Puybasset, Louis, Rădoi, Andreea, Ragauskas, Arminas, Raj, Rahul, Rhodes, Jonathan, Richter, Sophie, Rocka, Saulius, Roe, Cecilie, Roise, Olav, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey, Rosenlund, Christina, Rosenthal, Guy, Rossaint, Rolf, Rossi, Sandra, Sahuquillo, Juan, Sakowitz, Oliver, Sanchez-Porras, Renan, Sandrød, Oddrun, Schirmer-Mikalsen, Kari, Frederik Schou, Rico, Sewalt, Charlie, Smielewski, Peter, Sorinola, Abayomi, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Steyerberg, Ewout W., Stocchetti, Nino, Sundström, Nina, Takala, Riikka, Tamás, Viktória, Tamosuitis, Tomas, Tenovuo, Olli, Thomas, Matt, Tibboel, Dick, Tolias, Christos, Trapani, Tony, Tudora, Cristina Maria, Unterberg, Andreas, Vajkoczy, Peter, Valeinis, Egils, Vallance, Shirley, Vámos, Zoltán, Van der Steen, Gregory, van Dijck, Jeroen T.J.M., van Essen, Thomas A., van Wijk, Roel, Vargiolu, Alessia, Vega, Emmanuel, Vik, Anne, Vilcinis, Rimantas, Volovici, Victor, Vulekovic, Peter, Wiegers, Eveline, Williams, Guy, Winzeck, Stefan, Wolf, Stefan, Younsi, Alexander, Zeiler, Frederick A., Ziverte, Agate, Zoerle, Tommaso, Samanta, Romit J., Chiollaz, Anne-Cécile, Needham, Edward, Yue, John K., Helmy, Adel, Zanier, Elisa R., Wang, Kevin K.W., Kobeissy, Firas, Summers, Charlotte, Manley, Geoffrey T., Maas, Andrew IR., Sanchez, Jean-Charles, and Menon, David K.
Published: 2024
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12. Improving the Precision of the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended Using Item Response Theory: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author: Magnus, Brooke E, Balsis, Steve, Giacino, Joseph T, McCrea, Michael A, Temkin, Nancy R, Whyte, John, Manley, Geoffrey T, Nelson, Lindsay D, Badjatia, Neeraj, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Jain, Sonia, Jain, Ruchira M, Keene, C Dirk, Donald, Christine Mac, Madden, Christopher, Ngwenya, Laura B, Okonkwo, David, Robertson, Claudia, Rodgers, Richard B, Schnyer, David, Schneider, Andrea, Taylor, Sabrina R, Espin, Abel, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Disabled Persons, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Quality of Life, Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended, item response theory, outcome measurement, psychometrics, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract: The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) is a functional outcome measure intended to place individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) into one of eight broad levels of injury-related disability. This simplicity is not always optimal, particularly when more granular assessment of individuals' injury recovery is desired. The GOSE, however, is customarily assessed using a multi-question interview that contains richer information than is reflected in the GOSE score. Using data from the multi-center Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study (N = 1544), we used item response theory (IRT) to evaluate whether rescoring the GOSE using IRT, which posits that a continuous latent variable (disability) underlies responses, can yield a more precise index of injury-related functional limitations. We fit IRT models to GOSE interview responses collected at three months post-injury. Each participant's level of functional limitation was estimated from the model (GOSE-IRT) and comparisons were made between IRT-based and standard (GOSE-Ordinal) scores. The IRT scoring resulted in 141 possible scores (vs. 7 GOSE-Ordinal scores in this sample of individuals with GOSE scores ranging between 2 and 8). Moreover, GOSE-IRT scores were significantly more strongly associated with measures of TBI-related symptoms, psychological symptoms, and quality of life. Our findings demonstrate that rescoring the GOSE interview using IRT yields more granular, meaningful measurement of injury-related functional limitations, while adding no additional respondent or examiner burden. This technique may have utility for many applications, such as clinical trials aiming to detect small treatment effects, and small-scale studies that need to maximize statistical efficiency.
Published: 2022

13. Symptom Frequency and Persistence in the First Year after Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author: Machamer, Joan, Temkin, Nancy, Dikmen, Sureyya, Nelson, Lindsay D, Barber, Jason, Hwang, Phillip, Boase, Kim, Stein, Murray B, Sun, Xiaoying, Giacino, Joseph, McCrea, Michael A, Taylor, Sabrina R, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoff, Badjatia, Neeraj, Bodien, Yelena, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gaudette, Etienne, Gopinath, Shankar, Korley, Frederick K, Madden, Christopher, Mukherjee, Pratik, Ngwenya, Laura B, Okonkwo, David, Puccio, Ava, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Schnyer, David, Vassar, Mary, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Pediatric, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Unintentional Childhood Injury, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Childhood Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Neurosciences, Injuries and accidents, Mental health, Brain Concussion, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Cohort Studies, Humans, Post-Concussion Syndrome, Prevalence, Trauma Centers, post-concussion symptoms, post-traumatic symptoms, TRACK-TBI, traumatic brain injuries, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Symptom endorsement after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common acutely post-injury and is associated with other adverse outcomes. Prevalence of persistent symptoms has been debated, especially in mild TBI (mTBI). A cohort of participants ≥17 years with TBI (n = 2039), 257 orthopedic trauma controls (OTCs), and 300 friend controls (FCs) were enrolled in the TRACK-TBI study and evaluated at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months post-injury using the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ). TBI participants had significantly higher symptom burden than OTCs or FCs at all times, with average scores more than double. TBI cases showed significant decreases in RPQ score between each evaluation (p 50% of each of the mild and moderate/severe TBI subsamples, continued to endorse three or more symptoms as worse than pre-injury through 12 months post-injury. A majority of TBI participants who endorsed a symptom at 3 months or later did so at the next evaluation as well. Contrary to reviews that report symptom resolution by 3 months post-injury among those with mTBI, this study of participants treated at level 1 trauma centers and having a computed tomography ordered found that persistent symptoms are common to at least a year after TBI. Additionally, although symptom endorsement was not specific to TBI given that they were also reported by OTC and FC participants, TBI participants endorsed over twice the symptom burden compared with the other groups.
Published: 2022

14. Comparing the Quality of Life after Brain Injury-Overall Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale as Outcome Measures for Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Author: Kreitzer, Natalie, Jain, Sonia, Young, Jacob S, Sun, Xiaoying, Stein, Murray B, McCrea, Michael A, Levin, Harvey S, Giacino, Joseph T, Markowitz, Amy J, Manley, Geoffrey T, Nelson, Lindsay D, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Pediatric, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Clinical Research, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Childhood Injury, Injuries and accidents, Adult, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Female, Humans, Male, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Patient Acuity, Personal Satisfaction, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, common data elements, friend controls, Glasgow Coma Scale, health related quality of life, orthopedic trauma controls, Quality of Life after Brain Injury Overall Score, Satisfaction with Life Survey, traumatic brain injury, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: It is important to measure quality of life (QoL) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet limited studies have compared QoL inventories. In 2579 TBI patients, orthopedic trauma controls, and healthy friend control participants, we compared the Quality of Life After Brain Injury-Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), developed for TBI patients, to the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), an index of generic life satisfaction. We tested the hypothesis that group differences (TBI and orthopedic trauma vs. healthy friend controls) would be larger for the QOLIBRI-OS than the SWLS and that the QOLIBRI-OS would manifest more substantial changes over time in the injured groups, demonstrating more relevance of the QOLIBRI-OS to traumatic injury recovery. (1) We compared the group differences (TBI vs. orthopedic trauma control vs. friend control) in QoL as indexed by the SWLS versus the QOLIBRI-OS and (2) characterized changes across time in these two inventories across 1 year in these three groups. Our secondary objective was to characterize the relationship between TBI severity and QoL. As compared with healthy friend controls, the QOLIBRI reflected greater reductions in QoL than the SWLS for both the TBI group (all time points) and the orthopedic trauma control group (2 weeks and 3 months). The QOLIBRI-OS better captured expected improvements in QoL during the injury recovery course in injured groups than the SWLS, which demonstrated smaller changes over time. TBI severity was not consistently or robustly associated with self-reported QoL. The findings imply that, as compared with the SWLS, the QOLIBRI-OS appears to identify QoL issues more specifically relevant to traumatically injured patients and may be a more appropriate primary QoL outcome measure for research focused on the sequelae of traumatic injuries.
Published: 2021

15. Toward global availability of low-cost, patient-specific cranial implants: creation and validation of automated CranialRebuild freeware application

Author: Xu, Alice, Venugopal, Vysakh, Aryal, Manish Raj, Alfawares, Yara, Matur, Abhijith V., Cheng, Joshua, Kosco, Ethan, McConaha, Matthew, Ghalsasi, Omkar, Lockett, Demiah, Bal, Gabriella, Andaluz, Norberto, Ngwenya, Laura B., Anand, Sam, and Forbes, Jonathan
Published: 2023
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16. Interrater Reliability of National Institutes of Health Traumatic Brain Injury Imaging Common Data Elements for Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Author: Rincon, Sandra P, Mukherjee, Pratik, Levin, Harvey S, Temkin, Nancy R, Donald, Christine L Mac, Krainak, Daniel M, Sun, Xiaoying, Jain, Sonia, Taylor, Sabrina R, Markowitz, Amy J, Kumar, Allison, Manley, Geoffrey T, Yuh, Esther L, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon R, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Gopinath, Shankar P, Gullapalli, Rao P, Keene, C Dirk, Martin, Alastair, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall E, Ngwenya, Laura B, Puccio, Ava M, Robertson, Claudia S, Schnyer, David M, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross D
Subjects: Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Biomedical Imaging, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, Neurological, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Artifacts, Biomarkers, Brain Concussion, Brain Contusion, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Common Data Elements, Diffuse Axonal Injury, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Observer Variation, Reproducibility of Results, United States, Young Adult, FDA Medical Device Development Tool, imaging, interrater reliability, MRI, radiology, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: The National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH-NINDS) Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Imaging Common Data Elements (CDEs) are standardized definitions for pathological intracranial lesions based on their appearance on neuroimaging studies. The NIH-NINDS TBI Imaging CDEs were designed to be as consistent as possible with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) definition of biomarkers as "an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or biological responses to an exposure or intervention." However, the FDA qualification process for biomarkers requires proof of reliable biomarker test measurements. We determined the interrater reliability of TBI Imaging CDEs on subacute brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed on 517 mild TBI patients presenting to 11 U.S. level 1 trauma centers. Three U.S. board-certified neuroradiologists independently evaluated brain MRI performed 2 weeks post-injury for the following CDEs: traumatic axonal injury (TAI), diffuse axonal injury (DAI), and brain contusion. We found very high interrater agreement for brain contusion, with prevalence- and bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK) values for pairs of readers from 0.92 [95% confidence interval, 0.88-0.95] to 0.94 [0.90-0.96]. We found intermediate agreement for TAI and DAI, with PABAK values of 0.74-0.78 [0.70-0.82]. The near-perfect agreement for subacute brain contusion is likely attributable to the high conspicuity and distinctive appearance of these lesions on T1-weighted images. Interrater agreement for TAI and DAI was lower, because signal void in small vascular structures, and artifactual foci of signal void, can be difficult to distinguish from the punctate round or linear areas of slight hemorrhage that are a common hallmark of TAI/DAI on MRI.
Published: 2021

17. Statistical Guidelines for Handling Missing Data in Traumatic Brain Injury Clinical Research

Author: Nielson, Jessica L, Cooper, Shelly R, Seabury, Seth A, Luciani, Davide, Fabio, Anthony, Temkin, Nancy R, Ferguson, Adam R, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Manley, Geoffrey T, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Neurological, Injuries and accidents, Good Health and Well Being, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Child, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Databases, Factual, Guidelines as Topic, Humans, assessment tools, missing data, statistical guidelines, TBI, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Missing data is a persistent and unavoidable problem in even the most carefully designed traumatic brain injury (TBI) clinical research. Missing data patterns may result from participant dropout, non-compliance, technical issues, or even death. This review describes the types of missing data that are common in TBI research, and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the statistical approaches used to draw conclusions and make clinical decisions from these data. We review recent innovations in missing values analysis (MVA), a relatively new branch of statistics, as applied to clinical TBI data. Our discussion focuses on studies from the International Traumatic Brain Injury Research (InTBIR) initiative project: Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI), Collaborative Research on Acute TBI in Intensive Care Medicine in Europe (CREACTIVE), and Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric TBI Trial (ADAPT). In addition, using data from the TRACK-TBI pilot study (n = 586) and the completed clinical trial assessing valproate (VPA) for the treatment of post-traumatic epilepsy (n = 379) we present real-world examples of typical missing data patterns and the application of statistical techniques to mitigate the impact of missing data in order to draw sound conclusions from ongoing clinical studies.
Published: 2021

18. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Data Standards and Statistical Considerations

Author: Huie, J Russell, Mondello, Stefania, Lindsell, Christopher J, Antiga, Luca, Yuh, Esther L, Zanier, Elisa R, Masson, Serge, Rosario, Bedda L, Ferguson, Adam R, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Korley, Frederick, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Manley, Geoffrey T, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Zafonte, Ross, Ackerlund, Cecilia, Adams, Hadie, Agnoletti, Vanni, Allanson, Judith, Amrein, Krisztina, Andaluz, Norberto, Andelic, Nada, Andreassen, Lasse, Anke, Audny, Antun, Azasevac, Antoni, Anna, Ardon, Hilko, Auslands, Kaspars, Azouvi, Philippe, Luisa Azzolini, Maria, Baciu, Camelia, Badenes, Rafael, Bartels, Ronald, Barzó, Pál, Bauerfeind, Ursula, Beauvais, Romuald, Beer, Ronny, Belda, Francisco Javier, Bellander, Bo Michael, Belli, Antonio, Bellier, Rémy, Benali, Habib, Benard, Thierry, Berardino, Maurizio, Beretta, Luigi, Beynon, Christopher, Bilotta, Federico, and Binder, Harald
Subjects: Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Neurosciences, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Disorders, Injuries and accidents, Good Health and Well Being, Biomarkers, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Common Data Elements, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Humans, Information Dissemination, Reference Standards, biomarkers, data sharing, traumatic brain injury, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Investigators, The Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Investigators, Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) Participants and Investigators, Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) Participants and Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Recent biomarker innovations hold potential for transforming diagnosis, prognostic modeling, and precision therapeutic targeting of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, many biomarkers, including brain imaging, genomics, and proteomics, involve vast quantities of high-throughput and high-content data. Management, curation, analysis, and evidence synthesis of these data are not trivial tasks. In this review, we discuss data management concepts and statistical and data sharing strategies when dealing with biomarker data in the context of TBI research. We propose that application of biomarkers involves three distinct steps-discovery, evaluation, and evidence synthesis. First, complex/big data has to be reduced to useful data elements at the stage of biomarker discovery. Second, inferential statistical approaches must be applied to these biomarker data elements for assessment of biomarker clinical utility and validity. Last, synthesis of relevant research is required to support practice guidelines and enable health decisions informed by the highest quality, up-to-date evidence available. We focus our discussion around recent experiences from the International Traumatic Brain Injury Research (InTBIR) initiative, with a specific focus on four major clinical projects (Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI, Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in TBI, Collaborative Research on Acute Traumatic Brain Injury in Intensive Care Medicine in Europe, and Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric TBI Trial), which are currently enrolling subjects in North America and Europe. We discuss common data elements, data collection efforts, data-sharing opportunities, and challenges, as well as examine the statistical techniques required to realize successful adoption and use of biomarkers in the clinic as a foundation for precision medicine in TBI.
Published: 2021

19. Central Curation of Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended Data: Lessons Learned from TRACK-TBI

Author: Boase, Kim, Machamer, Joan, Temkin, Nancy R, Dikmen, Sureyya, Wilson, Lindsay, Nelson, Lindsay D, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena G, Giacino, Joseph T, Markowitz, Amy J, McCrea, Michael A, Satris, Gabriela, Stein, Murray B, Taylor, Sabrina R, Manley, Geoffrey T, Adeoye, Opeolu, Bullock, M Ross, Corrigan, John D, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Gardner, Raquel, Goldman, Dana, Gopinath, Shankar, Hemphill, J Claude, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, MS, RN, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Neurosciences, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Disorders, Quality Education, Adult, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Disability Evaluation, Female, Functional Status, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Recovery of Function, Reproducibility of Results, United States, Young Adult, central review, clinical outcome assessments, data curation, GOSE, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) in its original or extended (GOSE) form is the most widely used assessment of global disability in traumatic brain injury (TBI) research. Several publications have reported concerns about assessor scoring inconsistencies, but without documentation of contributing factors. We reviewed 6801 GOSE assessments collected longitudinally, across 18 sites in the 5-year, observational Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study. We recorded error rates (i.e., corrections to a section or an overall rating) based on site assessor documentation and categorized scoring issues, which then informed further training. In cohort 1 (n = 1261; February 2014 to May 2016), 24% of GOSEs had errors identified by central review. In cohort 2 (n = 1130; June 2016 to July 2018), acquired after curation of cohort 1 data, feedback, and further training of site assessors, the error rate was reduced to 10%. GOSE sections associated with the most frequent interpretation and scoring difficulties included whether current functioning represented a change from pre-injury (466 corrected ratings in cohort 1; 62 in cohort 2), defining dependency in the home and community (163 corrections in cohort 1; three in cohort 2) and return to work/school (72 corrections in cohort 1; 35 in cohort 2). These results highlight the importance of central review in improving consistency across sites and over time. Establishing clear scoring criteria, coupled with ongoing guidance and feedback to data collectors, is essential to avoid scoring errors and resultant misclassification, which carry potential to result in "failure" of clinical trials that rely on the GOSE as their primary outcome measure.
Published: 2021

20. Invariance of the Bifactor Structure of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) Symptoms on the Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire Across Time, Demographic Characteristics, and Clinical Groups: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author: Agtarap, Stephanie, Kramer, Mark D, Campbell-Sills, Laura, Yuh, Esther, Mukherjee, Pratik, Manley, Geoffrey T, McCrea, Michael A, Dikmen, Sureyya, Giacino, Joseph T, Stein, Murray B, Nelson, Lindsay D, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Neurosciences, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Concussion, Demography, Emotions, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, mild TBI, bifactor, invariance, postconcussive symptoms, Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators *, Psychology, Clinical Psychology
Abstract: This study aimed to elucidate the structure of the Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ) and evaluate its longitudinal and group variance. Factor structures were developed and compared in 1,011 patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI; i.e., Glasgow Coma Scale score 13-15) from the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI study, using RPQ data collected at 2 weeks, and 3, 6, and 12 months postinjury. A bifactor model specifying a general factor and emotional, cognitive, and visual symptom factors best represented the latent structure of the RPQ. The model evinced strict measurement invariance over time and across sex, age, race, psychiatric history, and mTBI severity groups, indicating that differences in symptom endorsement were completely accounted for by these latent dimensions. While highly unidimensional, the RPQ has multidimensional features observable through a bifactor model, which may help differentiate symptom expression patterns in the future.
Published: 2021

21. Pathological Computed Tomography Features Associated With Adverse Outcomes After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study With External Validation in CENTER-TBI.

Author: Yuh, Esther L, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Pisica, Dana, Harris, Mark H, Taylor, Sabrina R, Markowitz, Amy J, Mukherjee, Pratik, Verheyden, Jan, Giacino, Joseph T, Levin, Harvey S, McCrea, Michael, Stein, Murray B, Temkin, Nancy R, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Robertson, Claudia S, Lingsma, Hester F, Okonkwo, David O, Maas, Andrew IR, Manley, Geoffrey T, TRACK-TBI Investigators for the CENTER-TBI Investigators, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C Dirk, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rabinowitz, Miri, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: TRACK-TBI Investigators for the CENTER-TBI Investigators
Abstract: ImportanceA head computed tomography (CT) with positive results for acute intracranial hemorrhage is the gold-standard diagnostic biomarker for acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). In moderate to severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] scores 3-12), some CT features have been shown to be associated with outcomes. In mild TBI (mTBI; GCS scores 13-15), distribution and co-occurrence of pathological CT features and their prognostic importance are not well understood.ObjectiveTo identify pathological CT features associated with adverse outcomes after mTBI.Design, setting, and participantsThe longitudinal, observational Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study enrolled patients with TBI, including those 17 years and older with GCS scores of 13 to 15 who presented to emergency departments at 18 US level 1 trauma centers between February 26, 2014, and August 8, 2018, and underwent head CT imaging within 24 hours of TBI. Evaluations of CT imaging used TBI Common Data Elements. Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) scores were assessed at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postinjury. External validation of results was performed via the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study. Data analyses were completed from February 2020 to February 2021.ExposuresAcute nonpenetrating head trauma.Main outcomes and measuresFrequency, co-occurrence, and clustering of CT features; incomplete recovery (GOSE scores
Published: 2021

22. Emotional Resilience Predicts Preserved White Matter Microstructure Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Author: Ferguson, Adam R., Manley, Geoffrey T., Markowitz, Amy J., Mukherjee, Pratik, Taylor, Sabrina R., Yue, John K., Yuh, Esther L., Jha, Ruchira, Gopinath, Shankar, Robertson, Claudia S., Giacino, Joseph T., McCrea, Michael A., Nelson, Lindsay D., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Jain, Sonia, Stein, Murray B., Ngwenya, Laura B., Badjatia, Neeraj, Gullapalli, Rao, Korley, Frederick K., Okonkwo, David O., Puccio, Ava M., Schnyer, David, Madden, Christopher, Grandhi, Ramesh, Dirk Keene, C., Mac Donald, Christine, Temkin, Nancy, Merchant, Randall, Cai, Lanya T., Brett, Benjamin L., Palacios, Eva M., Bourla, Ioanna, Wren-Jarvis, Jamie, Wang, Yang, Levin, Harvey S., and Zafonte, Ross D.
Published: 2024
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23. Tractography-Pathology Correlations in Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author: Nolan, Amber L, Petersen, Cathrine, Iacono, Diego, Mac Donald, Christine L, Mukherjee, Pratik, van der Kouwe, Andre, Jain, Sonia, Stevens, Allison, Diamond, Bram R, Wang, Ruopeng, Markowitz, Amy J, Fischl, Bruce, Perl, Daniel P, Manley, Geoffrey T, Keene, C Dirk, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Edlow, Brian L, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Biomedical Imaging, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Neurosciences, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Brain Disorders, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Connectome, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neural Pathways, contusion, MRI, neuropathology, tractography, traumatic axonal injury, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Diffusion tractography magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can infer changes in network connectivity in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the pathological substrates of disconnected tracts have not been well defined because of a lack of high-resolution imaging with histopathological validation. We developed an ex vivo MRI protocol to analyze tract terminations at 750-μm isotropic resolution, followed by histopathological evaluation of white matter pathology, and applied these methods to a 60-year-old man who died 26 days after TBI. Analysis of 74 cerebral hemispheric white matter regions revealed a heterogeneous distribution of tract disruptions. Associated histopathology identified variable white matter injury with patchy deposition of amyloid precursor protein (APP), loss of neurofilament-positive axonal processes, myelin dissolution, astrogliosis, microgliosis, and perivascular hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Multiple linear regression revealed that tract disruption strongly correlated with the density of APP-positive axonal swellings and neurofilament loss. Ex vivo diffusion MRI can detect tract disruptions in the human brain that reflect axonal injury.
Published: 2021

24. Association of Early Dexmedetomidine Utilization With Clinical and Functional Outcomes Following Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Transforming Clinical Research and Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study*

Author: Liu, Sunny Yang, Kelly-Hedrick, Margot, Temkin, Nancy, Barber, Jason, Komisarow, Jordan, Hatfield, Jordan, Ohnuma, Tetsu, Manley, Geoffrey, Treggiari, Miriam M., Colton, Katharine, Vavilala, Monica S., Grandhi, Ramesh, Laskowitz, Daniel T., Mathew, Joseph P., Hernandez, Adrian, James, Michael L., Raghunathan, Karthik, Goldstein, Ben, Markowitz, Amy, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Badjatia, Neeraj, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Madden, Christopher, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B., Okonkwo, David, Schnyer, David, Yue, John K., and Zafonte, Ross
Published: 2024
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25. Validity of the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone in Level 1 Trauma Center Patients Six Months Post-Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author: Nelson, Lindsay D, Barber, Jason K, Temkin, Nancy R, Dams-O'Connor, Kristen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Giacino, Joseph T, Kramer, Mark D, Levin, Harvey S, McCrea, Michael A, Whyte, John, Bodien, Yelena G, Yue, John K, Manley, Geoffrey T, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Brain Disorders, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Behavioral and Social Science, Neurosciences, Mental health, Injuries and accidents, Adult, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Mental Recall, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Telephone, Time Factors, Trauma Centers, Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone, BTACT, phone-based cognitive assessment, telemedicine, traumatic brain injury, British Neurosurgical Trainee Research Collaborative, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Our objective was to examine the construct validity of the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT) and its relationship to traumatic brain injury (TBI) of differing severities. Data were analyzed on 1422 patients with TBI and 170 orthopedic trauma controls (OTC) from the multi-center Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study. Participants were assessed at 6 months post-injury with the BTACT and an in-person neuropsychological battery. We examined the BTACT's factor structure, factorial group invariance, convergent and discriminant validity, and relationship to TBI and TBI severity. Confirmatory factor analysis supported both a 1-factor model and a 2-factor model comprising correlated Episodic Memory and Executive Function (EF) factors. Both models demonstrated strict invariance across TBI severity and OTC groups. Correlations between BTACT and criterion measures suggested that the BTACT memory indices predominantly reflect verbal episodic memory, whereas the BTACT EF factor correlated with a diverse range of cognitive tests. Although the EF factor and other BTACT indices showed significant relationships with TBI and TBI severity, some group effect sizes were larger for more comprehensive in-person cognitive tests than the BTACT. The BTACT is a promising, brief, phone-based cognitive screening tool for patients with TBI. Although the BTACT's memory items appear to index verbal Episodic Memory, items that purport to assess EFs may reflect a broader array of cognitive domains. The sensitivity of the BTACT to TBI severity is lower than domain-specific neuropsychological measures, suggesting it should not be used as a substitute for comprehensive, in-person cognitive testing at 6 months post-TBI.
Published: 2021

26. High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein is a Prognostic Biomarker of Six-Month Disability after Traumatic Brain Injury: Results from the TRACK-TBI Study

Author: Xu, Linda B, Yue, John K, Korley, Frederick, Puccio, Ava M, Yuh, Esther L, Sun, Xiaoying, Rabinowitz, Miri, Vassar, Mary J, Taylor, Sabrina R, Winkler, Ethan A, Puffer, Ross C, Deng, Hansen, McCrea, Michael, Stein, Murray B, Robertson, Claudia S, Levin, Harvey S, Dikmen, Sureyya, Temkin, Nancy R, Giacino, Joseph T, Mukherjee, Pratik, Wang, Kevin KW, Okonkwo, David O, Markowitz, Amy J, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoffrey T, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, and Adeoye, Alex VaOpeolu
Subjects: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Injuries and accidents, Adult, Biomarkers, Biomedical Research, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, C-Reactive Protein, Disabled Persons, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Time Factors, Young Adult, biomarkers, head trauma, traumatic brain injury, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Systemic inflammation impacts outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but most TBI biomarker studies have focused on brain-specific proteins. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a widely used biomarker of inflammation with potential as a prognostic biomarker after TBI. The Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study prospectively enrolled TBI patients within 24 h of injury, as well as orthopedic injury and uninjured controls; biospecimens were collected at enrollment. A subset of hospitalized participants had blood collected on day 3, day 5, and 2 weeks. High-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the prognostic ability of hsCRP for 6-month outcome, using the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE). We included 1206 TBI subjects, 122 orthopedic trauma controls (OTCs), and 209 healthy controls (HCs). Longitudinal biomarker sampling was performed in 254 hospitalized TBI subjects and 19 OTCs. hsCRP rose between days 1 and 5 for TBI and OTC subjects, and fell by 2 weeks, but remained elevated compared with HCs (p
Published: 2021

27. Smaller Regional Brain Volumes Predict Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at 3 Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Author: Stein, Murray B, Yuh, Esther, Jain, Sonia, Okonkwo, David O, Donald, Christine L Mac, Levin, Harvey, Giacino, Joseph T, Dikmen, Sureyya, Vassar, Mary J, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Robertson, Claudia S, Nelson, Lindsay D, McCrea, Michael, Sun, Xiaoying, Temkin, Nancy, Taylor, Sabrina R, Markowitz, Amy J, Manley, Geoffrey T, Mukherjee, Pratik, Investigators, TRACK-TBI, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Keene, C Dirk, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Neurosciences, Mental Health, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Prevention, Behavioral and Social Science, Anxiety Disorders, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Brain Disorders, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Clinical Research, Biomedical Imaging, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Mental health, Neurological, Amygdala, Brain, Brain Concussion, Hippocampus, Humans, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Cingulate, Insula, PTSD, Posttraumatic stress disorder, TBI, Traumatic brain injury
Abstract: BackgroundBrain volumes in regions such as the hippocampus and amygdala have been associated with risk for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The objective of this study was to determine whether a set of regional brain volumes, measured by magnetic resonance imaging at 2 weeks following mild traumatic brain injury, were predictive of PTSD at 3 and 6 months after injury.MethodsUsing data from TRACK-TBI (Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI), we included patients (N = 421) with Glasgow Coma Scale scores 13-15 assessed after evaluation in the emergency department and at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after injury. Probable PTSD diagnosis (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 score, ≥33) was the outcome. FreeSurfer 6.0 was used to perform volumetric analysis of three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance images at 3T obtained 2 weeks post injury. Brain regions selected a priori for volumetric analyses were insula, hippocampus, amygdala, superior frontal cortex, rostral and caudal anterior cingulate, and lateral and medial orbitofrontal cortices.ResultsOverall, 77 (18.3%) and 70 (16.6%) patients had probable PTSD at 3 and 6 months. A composite volume derived as the first principal component incorporating 73.8% of the variance in insula, superior frontal cortex, and rostral and caudal cingulate contributed to the prediction of 3-month (but not 6-month) PTSD in multivariable models incorporating other established risk factors.ConclusionsResults, while needing replication, provide support for a brain reserve hypothesis of PTSD and proof of principle for how prediction of at-risk individuals might be accomplished to enhance prognostic accuracy and enrich clinical prevention trials for individuals at the highest risk of PTSD following mild traumatic brain injury.
Published: 2021

28. Satisfaction with Life after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author: Agtarap, Stephanie D, Campbell-Sills, Laura, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Dikmen, Sureyya, Levin, Harvey, McCrea, Michael A, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay D, Temkin, Nancy, Yuh, Esther L, Giacino, Joseph T, Manley, Geoffrey T, Stein, Murray B, Adeoye, Opeolu, Boase, Kim, Bullock, M Ross, Corrigan, John D, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Ellenbogen, Richard, Ferguson, Adam R, Gardner, Raquel, Goldman, Dana, Gopinath, Shankar, Hemphill, J Claude, Korley, Frederick K, Kreitzer, Natalie, Machamer, Joan, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Injuries and accidents, Adult, Biomedical Research, Brain Concussion, Chronic Pain, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, Patient Satisfaction, Prospective Studies, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Young Adult, concussion, life satisfaction, post-concussive symptoms, traumatic brain injury, well-being, TRACK-TBI Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Identifying the principal determinants of life satisfaction following mild TBI (mTBI) may inform efforts to improve subjective well-being in this population. We examined life satisfaction among participants in the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study who presented with mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score = 13-15; n = 1152). An L1-regularization path algorithm was used to select optimal sets of baseline and concurrent symptom measures for prediction of scores on the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months post-injury. Multi-variable linear regression models (all n = 744-894) were then fit to evaluate associations between the empirically selected predictors and SWLS scores at each follow-up visit. Results indicated that emotional post-TBI symptoms (all b = -1.27 to -0.77, all p
Published: 2021

29. Predictors of six-month inability to return to work in previously employed subjects after mild traumatic brain injury: A TRACK-TBI pilot study.

Author: Yue, John K, Phelps, Ryan Rl, Hemmerle, Debra D, Upadhyayula, Pavan S, Winkler, Ethan A, Deng, Hansen, Chang, Diana, Vassar, Mary J, Taylor, Sabrina R, Schnyer, David M, Lingsma, Hester F, Puccio, Ava M, Yuh, Esther L, Mukherjee, Pratik, Huang, Michael C, Ngwenya, Laura B, Valadka, Alex B, Markowitz, Amy J, Okonkwo, David O, Manley, Geoffrey T, and TRACK-TBI Investigators
Subjects: TRACK-TBI Investigators, Concussion, disability, mild traumatic brain injury, post-concussion syndrome, return to work, Clinical Research, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Behavioral and Social Science, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Brain Disorders, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Neurosciences
Abstract: Return to work (RTW) is an important milestone of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) recovery. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether baseline clinical variables, three-month RTW, and three-month postconcussional symptoms (PCS) were associated with six-month RTW after mTBI. Adult subjects from the prospective multicenter Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Pilot study with mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale 13-15) who were employed at baseline, with completed three-and six-month RTW status, and three-month Acute Concussion Evaluation (ACE), were extracted. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed for six-month RTW, with focus on baseline employment, three-month RTW, and three-month ACE domains (physical, cognitive, sleep, and/or emotional postconcussional symptoms (PCS)). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals [CI] were reported. Significance was assessed at p < 0.05. In 152 patients aged 40.7 ± 15.0years, 72% were employed full-time at baseline. Three- and six-month RTW were 77.6% and 78.9%, respectively. At three months, 59.2%, 47.4%, 46.1% and 31.6% scored positive for ACE physical, cognitive, sleep, and emotional PCS domains, respectively. Three-month RTW predicted six-month RTW (OR = 19.80, 95% CI [7.61-51.52]). On univariate analysis, scoring positive in any three-month ACE domain predicted inability for six-month RTW (OR = 0.10-0.11). On multivariable analysis, emotional symptoms predicted inability to six-month RTW (OR = 0.19 [0.04-0.85]). Subjects who scored positive in all four ACE domains were more likely to be unable to RTW at six months (4 domains: 58.3%, vs. 0-to-3 domains: 9.5%; multivariable OR = 0.09 [0.02-0.33]). Three-month post-injury is an important time point at which RTW status and PCS should be assessed, as both are prognostic markers for six-month RTW. Clinicians should be particularly vigilant of patients who present with emotional symptoms, and patients with symptoms across multiple PCS categories, as these patients are at further risk of inability to RTW and may benefit from targeted evaluation and support.
Published: 2021

30. Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Post-traumatic Headache in Civilian Patients After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study

Author: Badjatia, Neeraj, Feeser, V. Ramana, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Keene, C. Dirk, Kitagawa, Ryan, Korley, Frederick K., Donald, Christine Mac, Madden, Christopher, Mukherjee, Pratik, Ngwenya, Laura B., Okonkwo, David, Robertson, Claudia, Rodgers, Richard B., Schnyer, David, Taylor, Sabrina R., Vassar, Mary, Yue, John K., Zafonte, Ross, Ashina, Håkan, Dodick, David W., Barber, Jason, Temkin, Nancy R., Chong, Catherine D., Adler, Jennifer S., Stein, Ken Shubin, Schwedt, Todd J., and Manley, Geoffrey T.
Published: 2023
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31. Point-of-Care Platform Blood Biomarker Testing of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein versus S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B for Prediction of Traumatic Brain Injuries: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study

Author: Okonkwo, David O, Puffer, Ross C, Puccio, Ava M, Yuh, Esther L, Yue, John K, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Korley, Frederick K, Wang, Kevin KW, Sun, Xiaoying, Taylor, Sabrina R, Mukherjee, Pratik, Markowitz, Amy J, Jain, Sonia, Manley, Geoffrey T, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John, Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, Venkata, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurosciences, Injuries and accidents, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Aged, Biomarkers, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Cohort Studies, Female, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Point-of-Care Systems, S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit, Sensitivity and Specificity, biomarkers, glial fibrillary acidic protein, S100 calcium-binding protein B, traumatic brain injury, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Investigators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to determine need for head computed tomography (CT) within 12 h after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) (Glasgow Coma Score [GCS] 13-15); S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) serves this function in Europe. This phase 1 biomarker cohort analysis of the multi-center, observational Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study compares GFAP's diagnostic performance, measured on a rapid point-of-care platform, against protein S100B to predict intracranial abnormalities on CT within 24 h post-injury across the spectrum of TBI (GCS 3-15). Head CT scan performed in TBI subjects and blood was collected for all consenting subjects presenting to 18 United States level 1 trauma centers. Plasma was analyzed on a point-of-care device prototype assay for GFAP and serum was analyzed for S100B. In 1359 patients with TBI (GCS 3-15), mean (standard deviation [SD]) age = 40.1 (17.0) years; 68% were male. Plasma GFAP levels were significantly higher in CT+ TBI subjects (median = 1358 pg/mL, interquartile range [IQR]: 472-3803) than in CT- TBI subjects (median = 116 pg/mL, IQR: 26-397) or orthopedic trauma controls (n = 122; median = 13 pg/mL, IQR: 7-20), p
Published: 2020

32. Monitoring Outcome after Hospital-Presenting Milder Spectrum Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Using the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended, Pediatric Revision

Author: Evans, Emily, Cook, Nathan E, Iverson, Grant L, Townsend, Elise L, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Korley, Frederick K, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Manley, Geoffrey T, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K, Yuh, Esther, and Zafonte, Ross
Subjects: Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Pediatric, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Childhood Injury, Unintentional Childhood Injury, Brain Disorders, Injuries and accidents, Adolescent, Brain Concussion, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Hospitalization, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Recovery of Function, Treatment Outcome, brain concussion, brain injuries, traumatic, head injuries, closed, outcome assessment, pediatrics, TRACK-TBI Investigators, brain injuries, traumatic, head injuries, closed, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: The Glasgow Outcome Scale, Pediatric Revision (GOSE-P) is an assessment of "global outcome" designed as a developmentally appropriate version of the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended for use in clinical trials of children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Initial testing describes validity across a wide age and injury severity spectrum, yet the GOSE-P's utility for monitoring children with milder injuries is less clear. We examined the level of agreement between the GOSE-P and the Health and Behavior Inventory (HBI), a TBI-related symptom checklist used to assess children with mild TBI for clinical and research purposes. Participants included children and adolescents 3-16 years of age (n = 50) who presented to two level 1 trauma centers within 24 h of injury, with a GCS of 13-15, who underwent clinical neuroimaging. Outcome was assessed 2 weeks and 3 months following injury. We examined the severity of TBI-related symptoms across disability categories identified using the GOSE-P, and the level of agreement between the two measures in identifying deficits 2 weeks following injury and improvement from 2 weeks to 3 months. Using the GOSE-P, 62% had deficits at 2 weeks, and 42% improved from 2 weeks to 3 months. Agreement between the GOSE-P and HBI was fair 2 weeks after TBI (k = 0.24-0.33), and poor for identifying subsequent improvement (k = 0.10-0.16). Modest agreement between the GOSE-P and the HBI may reflect restricted participation from diverse causes, including TBI, other bodily injuries, and prescribed activity restrictions, and highlights the need for multi-dimensional outcome batteries.
Published: 2020

33. Life After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Widespread Structural Brain Changes Associated With Psychological Distress Revealed With Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Author: Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M. Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V. Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J. Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Korley, Frederick K., Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Taylor, Sabrina, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K., Zafonte, Ross, Sibilia, Francesca, Custer, Rachel M., Irimia, Andrei, Sepehrband, Farshid, Toga, Arthur W., and Cabeen, Ryan P.
Published: 2023
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34. Association of Early Dexmedetomidine Utilization With Clinical and Functional Outcomes Following Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Transforming Clinical Research and Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study

Author: Liu, Sunny Yang, Kelly-Hedrick, Margot, Temkin, Nancy, Barber, Jason, Komisarow, Jordan, Hatfield, Jordan, Ohnuma, Tetsu, Manley, Geoffrey, Treggiari, Miriam M., Colton, Katharine, Vavilala, Monica S., Grandhi, Ramesh, Laskowitz, Daniel T., Mathew, Joseph P., Hernandez, Adrian, James, Michael L., Raghunathan, Karthik, Goldstein, Ben, Markowitz, Amy, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Badjatia, Neeraj, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Madden, Christopher, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B., Okonkwo, David, Schnyer, David, Yue, John K., and Zafonte, Ross
Published: 2023
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35. Practice Standards for the Use of Multimodality Neuromonitoring: A Delphi Consensus Process*

Author: Foreman, Brandon, Kapinos, Gregory, Wainwright, Mark S., Ngwenya, Laura B., O’Phelan, Kristine H., LaRovere, Kerri L., Kirschen, Matthew P., Appavu, Brian, Lazaridis, Christos, Alkhachroum, Ayham, Maciel, Carolina B., Amorim, Edilberto, Chang, Jason J., Gilmore, Emily J., Rosenthal, Eric S., and Park, Soojin
Published: 2023
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36. Diagnostic performance of point-of-care ubiquitin carboxy-terminal Hydrolase-L1 assay in distinguishing imaging abnormalities in traumatic brain injury: A TRACK-TBI cohort study

Author: Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M. Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Rabinowitz, Miri, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Vespa, Paul, Zafonte, Ross, Wang, Kevin K., Munoz-Pareja, Jennifer C., Lautenslager, Lauren A., Tyndall, J. Adrian, Yang, Zhihui, Kerrigan, Maria R., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Korley, Frederick K., Okonkwo, David, Puccio, Ava M., Yue, John K., Taylor, Sabrina R., Mukherjee, Pratik, Yuh, Esther L., Temkin, Nancy R., Robertson, Claudia S., Sun, Xiaoying, Jain, Sonia, Markowitz, Amy J., and Manley, Geoffrey T.
Published: 2023
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37. Carole A. Miller, MD: Matriarch of the Ohio State University's Department of Neurosurgery

Author: Ikeda, Daniel S., Chiocca, E. Antonio, Lonser, Russel R., Sutton, Tracy E., McGregor, John M., Rea, Gary L., Schunemann, Victoria A., Ngwenya, Laura B., Marlin, Evan S., Porensky, Paul N., Shaikhouni, Ammar, Huntoon, Kristin, Dornbos, David, III, Shaw, Andrew B., Thoman, William J., and Powers, Ciarán J.
Published: 2022
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38. Prognostic value of day-of-injury plasma GFAP and UCH-L1 concentrations for predicting functional recovery after traumatic brain injury in patients from the US TRACK-TBI cohort: an observational cohort study

Author: Adeoye, Opeolu, Badatjia, Neeraj, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ferguson, Adam, Foreman, Brandon, Giacino, Joseph T, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Kitagawa, Ryan, Madden, Christopher, Merchant, Randall, McCrea, Mike, Ngwenya, Laura, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Schnyer, David, Stein, Murray, Vassar, Mary, Wang, Vincent, Valadka, Alex, Zafonte, Ross, Korley, Frederick K, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Puccio, Ava M, Yue, John K, Gardner, Raquel C, Wang, Kevin K W, Okonkwo, David O, Yuh, Esther L, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay D, Taylor, Sabrina R, Markowitz, Amy J, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, and Manley, Geoffrey T
Published: 2022
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39. Andexanet alfa after 4-factor PCC administration for intracranial hemorrhage: a case series

Author: Bradshaw, Paige Garber, Keegan, Shaun, Foertsch, Madeline, Yang, George L., Ngwenya, Laura B., and Srinivasan, Vasisht
Published: 2022
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40. The Relationship Between Seizures and Spreading Depolarizations in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Author: Foreman, Brandon, Lee, Hyunjo, Okonkwo, David O., Strong, Anthony J., Pahl, Clemens, Shutter, Lori A., Dreier, Jens P., Ngwenya, Laura B., and Hartings, Jed A.
Published: 2022
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41. Behavioral and Cognitive Consequences of Spreading Depolarizations: A Translational Scoping Review.

Author: Best, Faith V., Hartings, Jed A., Alfawares, Yara, Danzer, Steve C., and Ngwenya, Laura B.
Published: 2025
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42. Management of severe traumatic brain injury in a rivaroxaban overdose: illustrative case.

Author: Foertsch, Madeline J., Beckett, Henry T., Dehne, Lauren M., Janusz, Stephanie, Ferioli, Simona, Ngwenya, Laura B., and Droege, Molly E.
Published: 2024
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43. A genome-wide association study of outcome from traumatic brain injury

Author: Åkerlund, Cecilia, Amrein, Krisztina, Andelic, Nada, Andreassen, Lasse, Anke, Audny, Antoni, Anna, Audibert, Gérard, Azouvi, Philippe, Azzolini, Maria Luisa, Bartels, Ronald, Barzó, Pál, Beauvais, Romuald, Beer, Ronny, Bellander, Bo-Michael, Belli, Antonio, Benali, Habib, Berardino, Maurizio, Beretta, Luigi, Blaabjerg, Morten, Bragge, Peter, Brazinova, Alexandra, Brinck, Vibeke, Brooker, Joanne, Brorsson, Camilla, Buki, Andras, Bullinger, Monika, Cabeleira, Manuel, Caccioppola, Alessio, Calappi, Emiliana, Calvi, Maria Rosa, Cameron, Peter, Lozano, Guillermo Carbayo, Carbonara, Marco, Cavallo, Simona, Chevallard, Giorgio, Chieregato, Arturo, Citerio, Giuseppe, Clusmann, Hans, Coburn, Mark, Coles, Jonathan P., Cooper, Jamie D., Correia, Marta, Čović, Amra, Curry, Nicola, Czeiter, Endre, Czosnyka, Marek, DahyotFizelier, Claire, Dark, Paul, Dawes, Helen, De Keyser, Véronique, Degos, Vincent, Corte, Francesco Della, Boogert, Hugo den, Depreitere, Bart, Đilvesi, Đula, Dixit, Abhishek, Donoghue, Emma, Dreier, Jens, Dulière, GuyLoup, Ercole, Ari, Esser, Patrick, Ezer, Erzsébet, Fabricius, Martin, Feigin, Valery L., Foks, Kelly, Frisvold, Shirin, Furmanov, Alex, Gagliardo, Pablo, Galanaud, Damien, Gantner, Dashiell, Gao, Guoyi, George, Pradeep, Ghuysen, Alexandre, Giga, Lelde, Glocker, Ben, Golubovic, Jagoš, Gomez, Pedro A., Gratz, Johannes, Gravesteijn, Benjamin, Grossi, Francesca, Gruen, Russell L., Gupta, Deepak, Haagsma, Juanita A., Haitsma, Iain, Helbok, Raimund, Helseth, Eirik, Horton, Lindsay, Huijben, Jilske, Hutchinson, Peter J.A., Jacobs, Bram, Jankowski, Stefan, Jarrett, Mike, Jiang, Jiyao, Johnson, Faye, Jones, Kelly, Karan, Mladen, Kolias, Angelos G., Kompanje, Erwin, Kondziella, Daniel, Kornaropoulos, Evgenios, Koskinen, LarsOwe, Kovács, Noémi, Kowark, Ana, Lagares, Alfonso, Lanyon, Linda, Laureys, Steven, Lecky, Fiona, Ledoux, Didier, Lefering, Rolf, Legrand, Valerie, Lejeune, Aurelie, Levi, Leon, Lightfoot, Roger, Lingsma, Hester, Maas, Andrew I.R., CastañoLeón, Ana M., Maegele, Marc, Majdan, Marek, Manara, Alex, Martino, Costanza, Maréchal, Hugues, Mattern, Julia, McMahon, Catherine, Melegh, Béla, Menon, David K., Menovsky, Tomas, Mikolic, Ana, Misset, Benoit, Muraleedharan, Visakh, Murray, Lynnette, Negru, Ancuta, Nelson, David, Newcombe, Virginia F.J., Nieboer, Daan, Nyirádi, József, Olubukola, Otesile, Oresic, Matej, Ortolano, Fabrizio, Palotie, Aarno, Parizel, Paul M., Payen, JeanFrançois, Perera, Natascha, Perlbarg, Vincent, Persona, Paolo, Peul, Wilco, Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna, Pirinen, Matti, Pisica, Dana, Ples, Horia, Polinder, Suzanne, Pomposo, Inigo, Posti, Jussi P., Puybasset, Louis, Radoi, Andreea, Ragauskas, Arminas, Raj, Rahul, Rambadagalla, Malinka, Helmrich, Isabel Retel, Rhodes, Jonathan, Richardson, Sylvia, Richter, Sophie, Ripatti, Samuli, Rocka, Saulius, Roe, Cecilie, Roise, Olav, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey V., Rosenlund, Christina, Rosenthal, Guy, Rossaint, Rolf, Rossi, Sandra, Rueckert, Daniel, Rusnák, Martin, Sahuquillo, Juan, Sakowitz, Oliver, SanchezPorras, Renan, Sandor, Janos, Schäfer, Nadine, Schmidt, Silke, Schoechl, Herbert, Schoonman, Guus, Schou, Rico Frederik, Schwendenwein, Elisabeth, Sewalt, Charlie, Skandsen, Toril, Smielewski, Peter, Sorinola, Abayomi, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Stanworth, Simon, Stevens, Robert, Stewart, William, Steyerberg, Ewout W., Stocchetti, Nino, Sundström, Nina, Takala, Riikka, Tamás, Viktória, Tamosuitis, Tomas, Taylor, Mark Steven, Ao, Braden Te, Tenovuo, Olli, Theadom, Alice, Thomas, Matt, Tibboel, Dick, Timmers, Marjolein, Tolias, Christos, Trapani, Tony, Tudora, Cristina Maria, Unterberg, Andreas, Vajkoczy, Peter, Vallance, Shirley, Valeinis, Egils, Vámos, Zoltán, van der Jagt, Mathieu, van der Steen, Gregory, van der Naalt, Joukje, van Dijck, Jeroen T.J.M., van Essen, Thomas A., Van Hecke, Wim, van Heugten, Caroline, Van Praag, Dominique, van Veen, Ernest, Vyvere, Thijs Vande, van Wijk, Roel P.J., Vargiolu, Alessia, Vega, Emmanuel, Velt, Kimberley, Verheyden, Jan, Vespa, Paul M., Vik, Anne, Vilcinis, Rimantas, Volovici, Victor, von Steinbüchel, Nicole, Voormolen, Daphne, Vulekovic, Petar, Wang, Kevin K.W., Wiegers, Eveline, Williams, Guy, Wilson, Lindsay, Winzeck, Stefan, Wolf, Stefan, Yang, Zhihui, Ylén, Peter, Younsi, Alexander, Zeiler, Frederick A., Zelinkova, Veronika, Ziverte, Agate, Zoerle, Tommaso, Izzy, Saef, Radmanesh, Farid, Frantzén, Janek, Katila, Ari, Maanpää, Henna-Rikka, Tallus, Jussi, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Keene, Dirk, Korley, Frederick K., Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Manley, Geoffrey T., Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B, Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Taylor, Sabrina, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Yue, John K., Yuh, Esther, Zafonte, Ross, Kals, Mart, Kunzmann, Kevin, Parodi, Livia, Anderson, Christopher D., Puccio, Ava M., Okonkwo, David O., Stein, Murray B., and Manley, Geoff T.
Published: 2022
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44. Remote and Persistent Alterations in Glutamate Receptor Subunit Composition Induced by Spreading Depolarizations in Rat Brain

Author: Barhorst, Kinsey A., Alfawares, Yara, McGuire, Jennifer L., Danzer, Steve C., Hartings, Jed A., and Ngwenya, Laura B.
Published: 2022
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45. Effect of frailty on 6-month outcome after traumatic brain injury: a multicentre cohort study with external validation

Author: Ackerlund, Cecilia, Adams, Hadie, Amrein, Krisztina, Andelic, Nada, Andreassen, Lasse, Anke, Audny, Antoni, Anna, Audibert, Gérard, Azouvi, Philippe, Azzolini, Maria Luisa, Bartels, Ronald, Barzó, Pál, Beauvais, Romuald, Beer, Ronny, Bellander, Bo-Michael, Belli, Antonio, Benali, Habib, Berardino, Maurizio, Beretta, Luigi, Blaabjerg, Morten, Bragge, Peter, Brazinova, Alexandra, Brinck, Vibeke, Brooker, Joanne, Brorsson, Camilla, Buki, Andras, Bullinger, Monika, Cabeleira, Manuel, Caccioppola, Alessio, Calappi, Emiliana, Calvi, Maria Rosa, Cameron, Peter, Carbayo Lozano, Guillermo, Carbonara, Marco, Castaño-León, Ana M., Cavallo, Simona, Chevallard, Giorgio, Chieregato, Arturo, Clusmann, Hans, Coburn, Mark Steven, Coles, Jonathan, Cooper, Jamie D., Correia, Marta, Covic, Amra, Curry, Nicola, Czeiter, Endre, Czosnyka, Marek, Dahyot-Fizelier, Claire, Dark, Paul, Dawes, Helen, De Keyser, Véronique, Degos, Vincent, Della Corte, Francesco, den Boogert, Hugo, Depreitere, Bart, Đilvesi, Đula, Dixit, Abhishek, Donoghue, Emma, Dreier, Jens, Dulière, Guy-Loup, Ercole, Ari, Esser, Patrick, Ezer, Erzsébet, Fabricius, Martin, Feigin, Valery L., Foks, Kelly, Frisvold, Shirin, Furmanov, Alex, Gagliardo, Pablo, Galanaud, Damien, Gantner, Dashiell, Gao, Guoyi, George, Pradeep, Ghuysen, Alexandre, Giga, Lelde, Glocker, Ben, Golubovic, Jagoš, Gomez, Pedro A., Gratz, Johannes, Gravesteijn, Benjamin, Grossi, Francesca, Gruen, Russell L., Gupta, Deepak, Haagsma, Juanita A., Haitsma, Iain, Helbok, Raimund, Helseth, Eirik, Horton, Lindsay, Huijben, Jilske, Hutchinson, Peter J., Jacobs, Bram, Jankowski, Stefan, Jarrett, Mike, Jiang, Ji-yao, Johnson, Faye, Jones, Kelly, Karan, Mladen, Kolias, Angelos G., Kompanje, Erwin, Kondziella, Daniel, Koskinen, Lars-Owe, Kovács, Noémi, Kowark, Ana, Lagares, Alfonso, Lanyon, Linda, Laureys, Steven, Ledoux, Didier, Lefering, Rolf, Legrand, Valerie, Lejeune, Aurelie, Levi, Leon, Lightfoot, Roger, Lingsma, Hester, Maegele, Marc, Majdan, Marek, Manara, Alex, Maréchal, Hugues, Martino, Costanza, Mattern, Julia, McFadyen, Charles, McMahon, Catherine, Melegh, Béla, Menon, David, Menovsky, Tomas, Mikolic, Ana, Misset, Benoit, Muraleedharan, Visakh, Murray, Lynnette, Negru, Ancuta, Nelson, David, Newcombe, Virginia, Nieboer, Daan, Nyirádi, József, Oresic, Matej, Ortolano, Fabrizio, Otesile, Olubukola, Palotie, Aarno, Parizel, Paul M., Payen, Jean-François, Perera, Natascha, Perlbarg, Vincent, Persona, Paolo, Peul, Wilco, Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna, Pirinen, Matti, Pisica, Dana, Ples, Horia, Polinder, Suzanne, Pomposo, Inigo, Posti, Jussi P., Puybasset, Louis, Radoi, Andreea, Ragauskas, Arminas, Raj, Rahul, Rambadagalla, Malinka, Rehorčíková, Veronika, Retel Helmrich, Isabel, Rhodes, Jonathan, Richardson, Sylvia, Richter, Sophie, Ripatti, Samuli, Rocka, Saulius, Roe, Cecilie, Roise, Olav, Rosenfeld, Jeffrey, Rosenlund, Christina, Rosenthal, Guy, Rossaint, Rolf, Rossi, Sandra, Rueckert, Daniel, Rusnák, Martin, Sahuquillo, Juan, Sakowitz, Oliver, Sanchez-Porras, Renan, Sandor, Janos, Schäfer, Nadine, Schmidt, Silke, Schoechl, Herbert, Schoonman, Guus, Schou, Rico Frederik, Schwendenwein, Elisabeth, Sewalt, Charlie, Singh, Ranjit D., Skandsen, Toril, Smielewski, Peter, Sorinola, Abayomi, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Stanworth, Simon, Stevens, Robert, Stewart, William, Steyerberg, Ewout W., Stocchetti, Nino, Sundström, Nina, Takala, Riikka, Tamás, Viktória, Tamosuitis, Tomas, Taylor, Mark Steven, Te Ao, Braden, Tenovuo, Olli, Theadom, Alice, Thomas, Matt, Tibboel, Dick, Timmers, Marjolijn, Tolias, Christos, Trapani, Tony, Tudora, Cristina Maria, Unterberg, Andreas, Vajkoczy, Peter, Valeinis, Egils, Vallance, Shirley, Vámos, Zoltán, van der Jagt, Mathieu, van der Naalt, Joukje, Van der Steen, Gregory, van Dijck, Jeroen T.J.M., van Erp, Inge A., van Essen, Thomas A., Van Hecke, Wim, van Heugten, Caroline, Van Praag, Dominique, van Veen, Ernest, van Wijk, Roel, Vande Vyvere, Thijs, Vargiolu, Alessia, Vega, Emmanuel, Velt, Kimberley, Verheyden, Jan, Vespa, Paul M., Vik, Anne, Vilcinis, Rimantas, Volovici, Victor, von Steinbüchel, Nicole, Voormolen, Daphne, Vulekovic, Peter, Wang, Kevin K.W., Wiegers, Eveline, Williams, Guy, Wilson, Lindsay, Wolf, Stefan, Yang, Zhihui, Ylén, Peter, Younsi, Alexander, Zeiler, Frederick A., Ziverte, Agate, Zoerle, Tommaso, Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Barber, Jason, Bergin, Michael, Boase, Kim, Bodien, Yelena, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John, Crawford, Karen, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Dikmen, Sureyya, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, Venkata, Ferguson, Adam R, Foreman, Brandon, Gaudette, Etienne, Giacino, Joseph, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Grandhi, Ramesh, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Huie, Russell, Jha, Ruchira, Keene, C. Dirk, Kitagawa, Ryan, Korley, Frederick, Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Levin, Harvey, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, McCrea, Michael, Merchant, Randall, Mukherjee, Pratik, Nelson, Lindsay, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Okonkwo, David, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rodgers, Richard Ben, Rosand, Jonathan, Rosenthal, Eric, Sander, Angelle, Sandsmark, Danielle, Sugar, Gabriella, Schneider, Andrea, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Sherer, Mark, Stein, Murray, Temkin, Nancy, Toga, Arthur, Torres-Espin, Abel, Valadka, Alex, Vassar, Mary, Wang, Kevin, Wang, Vincent, Yue, John K., Yuh, Esther, Zafonte, Ross, Galimberti, Stefania, Graziano, Francesca, Maas, Andrew I R, Isernia, Giulia, Lecky, Fiona, Jain, Sonia, Sun, Xiaoying, Gardner, Raquel C, Taylor, Sabrina R, Markowitz, Amy J, Manley, Geoffrey T, Valsecchi, Maria Grazia, Bellelli, Giuseppe, and Citerio, Giuseppe
Published: 2022
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46. Seizures and Cognitive Outcome After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Post Hoc Analysis

Author: Foreman, Brandon, Lee, Hyunjo, Mizrahi, Moshe A., Hartings, Jed A., Ngwenya, Laura B., Privitera, Michael, Tortella, Frank C., Zhang, Nanhua, and Kramer, Joel H.
Published: 2022
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47. Deficits in pattern separation and dentate gyrus proliferation after rodent lateral fluid percussion injury

Author: Correll, Erika A., Ramser, Benjamin J., Knott, Maxon V., McCullumsmith, Robert E., McGuire, Jennifer L., and Ngwenya, Laura B.
Published: 2021
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48. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors for Treating Neurocognitive and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Following Traumatic Brain Injury: An Evaluation of Current Evidence.

Author: Yue, John K, Burke, John F, Upadhyayula, Pavan S, Winkler, Ethan A, Deng, Hansen, Robinson, Caitlin K, Pirracchio, Romain, Suen, Catherine G, Sharma, Sourabh, Ferguson, Adam R, Ngwenya, Laura B, Stein, Murray B, Manley, Geoffrey T, and Tarapore, Phiroz E
Subjects: cognition, depression, meta-analysis, postconcussive disorder, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, sleep disturbance, traumatic brain injury, Injury - Traumatic brain injury, Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Injury (total) Accidents/Adverse Effects, Depression, Mental Health, Neurosciences, Injury - Trauma - (Head and Spine), Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, 6.6 Psychological and behavioural, Mental health, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences
Abstract: The prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is 20%-50%, and disorders of mood and cognition may remain even after recovery of neurologic function is achieved. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) block the reuptake of serotonin in presynaptic cells to lead to increased serotonergic activity in the synaptic cleft, constituting first-line treatment for a variety of neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders. This review investigates the utility of SSRIs in treating post-TBI disorders. In total, 37 unique reports were consolidated from the Cochrane Central Register and PubMed (eight randomized-controlled trials (RCTs), nine open-label studies, 11 case reports, nine review articles). SSRIs are associated with improvement of depressive but not cognitive symptoms. Pooled analysis using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale demonstrate a significant mean decrease of depression severity following sertraline compared to placebo-a result supported by several other RCTs with similar endpoints. Evidence from smaller studies demonstrates mood improvement following SSRI administration with absent or negative effects on cognitive and functional recovery. Notably, studies on SSRI treatment effects for post-traumatic stress disorder after TBI remain absent, and this represents an important direction of future research. Furthermore, placebo-controlled studies with extended follow-up periods and concurrent biomarker, neuroimaging and behavioral data are necessary to delineate the attributable pharmacological effects of SSRIs in the TBI population.
Published: 2017

49. Smaller Regional Brain Volumes Predict Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at 3 Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Author: Adeoye, Opeolu, Badjatia, Neeraj, Boase, Kim, Barber, Jason, Bodien, Yelena, Bullock, M. Ross, Chesnut, Randall, Corrigan, John D., Crawford, Karen, Duhaime, Ann-Christine, Ellenbogen, Richard, Feeser, V. Ramana, Ferguson, Adam R., Foreman, Brandon, Gardner, Raquel, Gaudette, Etienne, Goldman, Dana, Gonzalez, Luis, Gopinath, Shankar, Gullapalli, Rao, Hemphill, J. Claude, Hotz, Gillian, Jain, Sonia, Keene, C. Dirk, Korley, Frederick K., Kramer, Joel, Kreitzer, Natalie, Lindsell, Chris, Machamer, Joan, Madden, Christopher, Martin, Alastair, McAllister, Thomas, Merchant, Randall, Ngwenya, Laura B., Noel, Florence, Nolan, Amber, Palacios, Eva, Perl, Daniel, Puccio, Ava, Rabinowitz, Miri, Robertson, Claudia, Rosand, Jonathan, Sander, Angelle, Satris, Gabriella, Schnyer, David, Seabury, Seth, Toga, Arthur, Valadka, Alex, Vespa, Paul, Wang, Kevin, Yue, John K., Zafonte, Ross, Stein, Murray B., Yuh, Esther, Okonkwo, David O., Mac Donald, Christine L., Levin, Harvey, Giacino, Joseph T., Dikmen, Sureyya, Vassar, Mary J., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Robertson, Claudia S., Nelson, Lindsay D., McCrea, Michael, Sun, Xiaoying, Temkin, Nancy, Taylor, Sabrina R., Markowitz, Amy J., Manley, Geoffrey T., and Mukherjee, Pratik
Published: 2021
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50. Neurotrauma: Endlessly Rewarding

Author: Ngwenya, Laura B., Agarwal, Nitin, editor, and Reddy, Vamsi, editor
Published: 2021
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