Search

AbstractThe study aims to assess the factors affecting the successful implementation of customer relationship management (CRM), as well as the relationship between the successful implementation of CRM and customer loyalty, in 3-to-5-star hotels in Vietnam. The study carried out integrating 3 theories RBV, RM and CM to identify the main components of CRM: human resources, technology and processes. On that basis, the article has identified 6 factors affecting successful CRM implementation in relation to the main components of CRM including: senior leaders’ commitments, CRM strategies, business procedures, hotel culture, technology infrastructure and database. By survey with a total sample size of 396 questionnaires. The participants included executive managers, vice directors, head of departments and head of divisions 3–5 star hotels in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang – 3 tourist cities of Vietnam in the list of 10 best cities in Southeast Asia. They were directly engaged in the management and execution of hotel operations, including CRM implementation. Upon being filtered, the data was analyzed by a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, regression analysis, and hypothesis testing to measure the impact level of the factors affecting the successful implementation of CRM, and the relationship between the successful implementation of CRM and customer loyalty. The findings obtained indicate that all 6 factors have a positive impact on the successful implementation of CRM, and the successful implementation of CRM has a positive and significant impact on customer loyalty. Additionally, theoretical and practical implications were proposed to help managers of 3-to-5-star hotels in Vietnam gain a better understanding of the importance of resources, so as to make the best preparations before implementing CRM and building customer loyalty. Further research orientations were also presented.

Resumés play a crucial role in individuals’ careers; hence how to create an eye-catching resumé is always a big concern. This article aims to discover discourse features of resumés in English from the perspective of Multimodal Discourse Analysis (MDA). It focuses on describing layout features, lexical choices, grammar features and the image-language relations in 50 English resumés based on the qualitative method. There are combinations of linguistic and visual elements in these resumés. The findings show five general layout sections in English resumés and four main patterns. This study indicates verbs, adjectives and compounds used in expressing ideas and rely on the transitivity system of Systemic Functional Grammar to analyze grammatical features. Additionally, three types of image-language relations are identified: Clarification, Exposition, Augmentation. It is expected that the results of this study can be useful for writing resumés in English as well as for teaching and learning English language.

This article is aimed at studying the self-regulatory capacity (SRC) of the 10th graders in Gia Lai province (10th GGP) in learning English grammar based on Dornyei [1]’s theoretical framework. This study focuses on five sub-capacities of the SRC (Commitment control (CMT), Metacognitive control (MTC), Environmental control (ENV), Emotional control (EM) and Satiation control (ST) with differences and similarities in SRC demonstrated by male and female 10th GGP in the process of learning English grammar. The findings show that the CMT and the ENV are the two most prominent abilities demonstrated while the ST and the EM are the two least prominent ones. While the male and female 10th GGP shared similarities in CMT, ENV and ST, the male 10th GGP have demonstrated the positive aspects of their MTC and EM more clearly than the female ones.

This study investigates the critical factors influencing shoot and root regeneration from Homalomena gigantea rhizome cuttings, providing valuable insights for rhizome cutting practices for this plant species. Three key experiments were conducted to assess the impact of plant growth regula- tor (PGR) concentrations, cutting length, and cutting section on regeneration. In the first experiment, different concentrations of α-NAA and BAP were examined, revealing that PGR selection and concentration play a pivotal role in shoot and root induction and plantlet development. The highest success rates were observed at 150 ppm α-NAA and 100 ppm BAP, although there was a trade-off between the quantity and quality of plantlets, emphasizing the need for a balanced plant regulator selection. The second experiment investigated the influence of rhizome cutting length. Longer cuttings, particularly at 5 and 7 cm, consistently led to better shoot and root development, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate cutting lengths. In the third experiment, cutting sections (apical, middle, and distal) without PGR concentrations were assessed, with all sections showing high regeneration rates. However, the apical section produced the highest-quality plantlets with superior growth parameters, followed by the middle section, while the distal section exhibited lower effectiveness. In summary, these findings underscore the significance of PGR choice and concentration, cutting length, and cut- ting section for successful regeneration of H. gigantea from rhizome cuttings. These insights provide valuable guidance for enhancing rhizome cuttings methods for this plant species and promoting efficient propagation.

The objective of the study is to assess the roles of pandemics and perceived consumer effectiveness in factors affecting the sustainable consumption behavior in the Vietnam's context. Based on two main theoretical foundations: Ajzen's TPB theory (1991) and Schwartz's NAM model (1977), the study used both qualitative and quantitative research methods with 9 scales of 43 observed variables. 645 valid survey responses were collected from five major cities in Vietnam in 2022 and were analyzed by using SPSS and SmartPLS 3.8 softwares. The results showed that pandemics have positive impacts on factors affecting the sustainable consumption behavior, including: environment concern, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, personal norms. Except the subjective norms factor which did not reach statistical significance, the remaining hypotheses were tested to have positive impacts on the intention and sustainable consumption behavior. In addition, the study also demonstrated a positive moderating effect of perceived consumer effectiveness on the relationship between intention and sustainable consumption behavior. Some managerial implications and future researches are also suggested.

This qualitative study examines the experiences of 55 participants enrolled in English-teachers preparation program at Foreign Languages Department at Vinh University in Vietnam and analyzes reflections on their motivation to become EFL (English as a foreign language) teachers. Multiple measures of data with triangulation have been collected from coursework, including reflection essays from 55 pre-service teachers and a semistructured interview with the pre-service teachers. The data are analyzed with thematic analysis and Key-word in context in order to find categories of factors that influence the pre-service teachers’ motivation to choose to be EFL teachers. The findings suggest that the incentives making pre-service teachers pursue the career of English teachers consist of personal, professional, and social aspects, in which teachers’ influences - one of the factors of social aspects - has been considered the most dominant factor influencing the desire of pre-service teachers to become EFL teachers. Some pedagogical implications are suggested to improve the strategy of training teachers and career orientation education for students.

Background: Uncontrolled blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Fixed-dose combination (FDC) therapy offers a promising approach to addressing this challenge by providing a convenient single-tablet solution that enhances the effectiveness of blood pressure control. In our systematic review, we assess the effectiveness of perindopril/amlodipine FDC in managing blood pressure.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across four primary electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Virtual Health Library (VHL), Global Health Library (GHL), and Google Scholar, as of 8 February 2022. Additionally, we performed a manual search to find relevant articles. The quality of the selected articles was evaluated using the Study Quality Assessment Tools (SQAT) checklist from the National Institute of Health and the ROB2 tool from Cochrane.Results: Our systematic review included 17 eligible articles. The findings show that the use of perindopril/amlodipine FDC significantly lowers blood pressure and enhances the quality of blood pressure control. Compared to the comparison group, the perindopril/amlodipine combination tablet resulted in a higher rate of blood pressure response and normalization. Importantly, perindopril/amlodipine FDC contributes to improved patient adherence with minimal side effects. However, studies conducted to date have not provided assessments of the cost-effectiveness of perindopril/amlodipine FDC.Conclusion: In summary, our analysis confirms the effectiveness of perindopril/amlodipine FDC in lowering blood pressure, with combination therapy outperforming monotherapy and placebo. Although mild adverse reactions were observed in a small subset of participants, cost-effectiveness assessments for this treatment remain lacking in the literature.

ABSTRACT A previous investigation has elucidated the landscape of Mtb genomic diversity and transmission dynamics in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Here, we expand the scope of this survey by adding a substantial number of additional genomes (total sample size: 2,542) and phenotypic drug susceptibility data for the majority of isolates. We aim to explore the prevalence and evolutionary dynamics of drug resistance and our ability to predict drug resistance from sequencing data. Among isolates tested phenotypically against first-line drugs, we observed high rates of streptomycin [STR, 37.7% (N = 573/1,520)] and isoniazid resistance [INH, 25.7% (N = 459/1,786)] and lower rates of resistance to rifampicin [RIF, 4.9% (N = 87/1,786)] and ethambutol [EMB, 4.2% (N = 75/1,785)]. Relative to global benchmarks, resistance to STR and INH was predicted accurately when applying the TB-Profiler algorithm to whole genome sequencing data (sensitivities of 0.81 and 0.87, respectively), while resistance to RIF and EMB was predicted relatively poorly (sensitivities of 0.70 and 0.44, respectively). Exploring the evolution of drug resistance revealed the main phylogenetic lineages to display differing dynamics and tendencies to evolve resistance via mutations in certain genes. The Beijing sublineage L2.2.1 was found to acquire de novo resistance mutations more frequently than isolates from other lineages and to suffer no apparent fitness cost acting to impede the transmission of resistance. Mutations conferring resistance to INH and STR arose earlier, on average, than those conferring resistance to RIF and are now more widespread across the phylogeny. The high prevalence of “background” INH resistance, combined with high rates of RIF mono-resistance (20.7%, N = 18/87), suggests that rapid assays for INH resistance will be valuable in this setting. These tests will allow the detection of INH mono-resistance and will allow multi-drug-resistant isolates to be distinguished from isolates with RIF mono-resistance. IMPORTANCE Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) infection is a growing and potent concern, and combating it will be necessary to achieve the WHO’s goal of a 95% reduction in TB deaths by 2035. While prior studies have explored the evolution and spread of drug resistance, we still lack a clear understanding of the fitness costs (if any) imposed by resistance-conferring mutations and the role that Mtb genetic lineage plays in determining the likelihood of resistance evolution. This study offers insight into these questions by assessing the dynamics of resistance evolution in a high-burden Southeast Asian setting with a diverse lineage composition. It demonstrates that there are clear lineage-specific differences in the dynamics of resistance acquisition and transmission and shows that different lineages evolve resistance via characteristic mutational pathways.

Landfills have the potential to contribute to mercury (Hg) pollution, due to the burial of waste containing mercury. Mercury from domestic waste can enter the soil surrounding landfills through surface runoff and leachate. In this study, we assessed the levels of Hg in the paddy soil around the Nam Son landfill, the largest landfill in the North of Vietnam, during both rainy (September 2021) and dry (January 2022) seasons. The concentration of Hg was in the range of 20.5 to 79.7 μg/kg dry w.t. in Bac Son and Nam Son, and 16.6 μg/kg dry w.t. at a higher reference site. In most of the samples, the rainy season showed higher Hg concentrations than the dry season. Soil samples taken closer to the landfill exhibited higher levels of Hg contamination compared to those in more distant paddy areas, suggesting a decreasing trend of Hg concentration as one moves away from the pollution source. Additionally, Hg concentration was found to decrease vertically from the surface, with the higher value observed in the surface layer (0–5 cm), and the lower in the bottom layer (20–25 cm). The geo-accumulation index showed that all the sampling points were moderately to heavily polluted, indicating that Hg was lost from the waste source in the landfill. This study provides valuable insights into the spatial and vertical distribution of Hg pollution in the topsoil and highlights the importance of managing and assessing the risks of Hg-containing waste.

According to Halliday [1] in “An Introduction to Functional Grammar”, the process is considered as the main organized form of the clause as representation and used as a procedure to describe figures of happening, doing, sensing, saying, being or having. This article is an attempt to apply Halliday’s Functional Grammar to the identification of Processes in English Challenge Quotes (ECQs) with the aim of identifying and clarifying the nature of dominant processes demonstrated in the English Challenge Quotes, describing the verbs as part of the Processes as well as the Participants and Circumstances involved in the Processes. The data under investigation were in the form of written clauses of English Challenge Quotes collected from the website named BrainyQuote. The findings show that the Material Process is the most dominant one. It is hoped that the results of the research can illustrate the processes and provide a useful reference for people who are interested in Functional Grammar.