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Civil servants are part of the human resources of the public sector. The contingent of civil servants is an essential component of human social resources whose contributions always play a significant role in the overall socio-economic development achievements of the country and the locality. In this study, the research paradigm “citizen satisfaction with the service quality of Khmer civil servants” was used and converted with “the SERVPERF model.” Research data were collected from survey results by questionnaires from 596 citizens in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. SPSS 20 and AMOS 24 software are used to analyze and evaluate the scale. The results of the research structure show that there are six factors affecting citizen satisfaction with the service quality of Khmer civil servants in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, including competency, professional qualifications, profession, sense of responsibility and coordination in performing tasks, ethical qualities, working style; sense of organization and discipline; citizen service attitude; progress and results of task performance. From the research findings, the discussion proposes implications for public policy management to improve citizen satisfaction with the service quality of Khmer civil servants in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam.

IntroductionDrug-related problems (DRPs) are common in clinical practice and occur at all stages of the medication process. The major factor contributing to DRPs is prescription, although patients' poor adherence to treatment is also a significant factor. This study evaluated type 2 diabetes outpatients in a hospital in Vietnam for drug-related problems (DRPs) and related variables.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 495 outpatients who met the criteria and 157 people agreed to participate in the interview. Medication order review and medication adherence review were used to identify DRPs. The types of DRP were based on the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) categories version 9.0. The identification and assessment DRPs were carried out by clinical pharmacists and get agreed upon by physicians who had not directly prescribed patients who participated in the study.ResultsA total of 762 DRPs were identified via prescribing review process, the average number of DRP on each prescription was 1.54±1.07, while 412 DRPs were determined through patient interviewing. The most frequent DRPs were "ADR (Adverse Drug Reaction) occurring" (68.8%). The main causes were "patient is unable to understand instructions properly" or "patient is not properly instructed", "patient stores insulin inappropriately", "patient decides to use unnecessary drugs" and "patient intentionally uses/takes less drug than prescribed or does not take the drug at all for whatever reason" which accounted for 65.0%, 41.4%, 38.2%, and 28.7%, respectively. From the prescribing review, the most observed DRPs were "Inappropriate drug according to guidelines/formulary" and "No or incomplete drug treatment in spite of existing indication", accounting for 45.0% and 42.9%, respectively. There was a significant association between age (OR 3.38, 95% CI: 1.01-11.30), duration of diabetes (OR 3.61, 95%CI: 1.11-11.74), presence of comorbidity (OR 5.31, 95%CI: 1.97-14.30), polypharmacy (OR: 2.95, 95%CI: 1.01-8.72) and DRPs. In patients, poor knowledge of antidiabetic agents was the main reason to lack adherence and occurring ADR (OR 2.73, 95%CI: 1.32-5.66, p = 0.007 and OR 2.49, 95%CI: 1.54-4.03, p = 0.001 respectively).ConclusionDRPs occurred in the prescribing stage and relating to patient's behavior of drug administration was high. Clear identification of DRPs and the associated factors are essential for building the intervention process to improve effectiveness and safety in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

BackgroundLeptospirosis is an important zoonotic disease with a global distribution, affecting a wide range of mammalian animals and humans. Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus is the major vector-borne zoonotic disease in the Asia-Pacific region. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of serovar-specific Leptospira and JE in swine from 10 provinces in Vietnam.MethodsSamples were initially collected for swine influenza surveillance from March to April 2017 at large-scale farms (with at least 50 sows and/or 250 fattening pigs) with pigs that tested positive for influenza in the previous surveillance period (2015-16).FindingsA total of 2,000 sera samples were analyzed from 10 provinces. Overall, the seroprevalence of leptospirosis was 21.05% (95% CI: 19.28-22.90) using a cut-off titer of ≥ 1:100. The apparent prevalence of JE was 73.45% (95% CI: 71.46-75.37) while the true prevalence was slightly higher (74.46%, 95% credible interval: 73.73-86.41). We found a relatively high presence of leptospirosis and JE in pigs kept on large farms. Prevalence was comparable with other studies suggesting opportunistic testing of samples collected for other surveillance purposes can be a valuable tool to better understand and prevent the potential transmission of these zoonotic diseases from pigs to people in Vietnam.ConclusionOur study provides evidence to veterinarians and animal health professionals for evidence-based practice such as diagnosis, vaccination and zoonotic control. Further investigation into the possible role of different domestic animals, wildlife species or environmental factors is needed to identify the potential risk factors and transmission routes in Vietnam.

Vùng miền núi Việt Nam chiếm 3/4 diện tích của cả nước, là nơi có vị trí rất quan trọng về chính trị, đối ngoại, quốc phòng, “nơi tiếp giáp các nước láng giềng”… Sinh thời, Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh đã có những quan tâm sâu sắc đến đời sống ấm no, hạnh phúc, tiến bộ của đồng bào, đặc biệt là sự quan tâm chăm lo đào tạo, bồi dưỡng cán bộ người dân tộc thiểu số. Người đã có những chỉ đạo chiến lược về xây dựng đội ngũ cán bộ người dân tộc thiểu số với mục đích “làm cho các dân tộc anh em dần dần tự quản lý lấy mọi công việc của mình”. Nghiên cứu làm rõ quan điểm của Hồ Chí Minh về đào tạo cán bộ người dân tộc thiểu số và việc vận dụng vào quá trình xây dựng đội ngũ cán bộ người dân tộc thiểu số ở các huyện miền núi Nghệ An đáp ứng yêu cầu sự nghiệp đổi mới của đất nước.

The identification of the active sites for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) to specific chemical products is elusive, owing in part to insufficient data gathered on clean and atomically well‐ordered electrode surfaces. Here, ultrahigh vacuum based preparation methods and surface science characterization techniques are used with gas chromatography to demonstrate that subtle changes in the preparation of well‐oriented Cu(100) and Cu(111) single‐crystal surfaces drastically affect their CO2RR selectivity. Copper single crystals with clean, flat, and atomically ordered surfaces are predicted to yield hydrocarbons; however, these were found experimentally to favor the production of H2. Only when roughness and defects are introduced, for example by electrochemical etching or a plasma treatment, are significant amounts of hydrocarbons generated. These results show that structural and morphological effects are the key factors determining the catalytic selectivity of CO2RR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leptospirosis is a neglected disease in Vietnam. Only a few studies have evaluated the status of Leptospira infection in both humans and animals. To our knowledge, this is the first serological survey of Leptospira in both domestic and wild animals, which may act as reservoirs of this agent. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of Leptospira in animals that are in close contact with humans in different geographical areas in Vietnam. Sera were collected from 1205 individual animals of six species, including buffaloes, cattle, cats, dogs, swine, and rats. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 25 serovars of Leptospira spp. has been employed to detect serovars of Leptospira among the studied population. Overall, 44.2% of buffaloes, 24.9% of cattle, 10.2% of swine, 32.9% of dogs, 12.2% of cats, and 16% of rats were seropositive. A total of 17 different serovars were detected, of which serovars Hebdomadis and Canicola circulated in all the studied animal species. Variability of the predominant serovars circulating in animal species and in different geographical areas of Vietnam has been noted. We conclude that this study showed a high prevalence of Leptospira circulating in animals that are in close contact with humans, raising an alert of the important sources of pathogenic leptospires transmission to humans in Vietnam. These findings prove an imperative need for effective measures for disease prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bài viết sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu tình huống nhằm nghiên cứu kinh nghiệm quốc tế về ứng dụng sáng kiến xanh trong hoạt động kinh doanh của các doanh nghiệp tại một số quốc gia phát triển đi đầu về tăng trưởng kinh tế xanh như Hoa Kỳ, Đức và Nhật Bản. Từ những kinh nghiệm của các doanh nghiệp ở các nước phát triển trên thế giới, nghiên cứu này rút ra bài học cho các doanh nghiệp Việt Nam trong quá trình ứng dụng sáng kiến xanh trong hoạt động kinh doanh của doanh nghiệp nhằm xây dựng chiến lược kinh doanh phù hợp để đạt được mục tiêu tăng trưởng bền vững và góp phần phát triển nền kinh tế xanh của quốc gia.

The key role of morphological defects (e.g., irregular steps and dislocations) on the selectivity of model Cu catalysts for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 (CO 2 RR) is illustrated here. Cu(111) single-crystal surfaces prepared under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions and presenting similar chemical and local microscopic surface features were found to display different product selectivity during the CO 2 RR. In particular, changes in selectivity from hydrogen-dominant to hydrocarbon-dominant product distributions were observed based on the number of CO 2 RR electrolysis pretreatment cycles performed prior to a subsequent UHV surface regeneration treatment, which lead to surfaces with seemingly identical chemical composition and local crystallographic structure. However, significant mesostructural changes were observed through a micron-scale microscopic analysis, including a higher density of irregular steps on the samples producing hydrocarbons. Thus, our findings highlight that step edges are key for C-C coupling in the CO 2 RR and that not only atomistic but also mesoscale characterization of electrocatalytic materials is needed in order to comprehend complex selectivity trends., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)