Search

Nanobubble technology is used in wastewater treatment, but its disinfectant properties in aquaculture have not been clearly demonstrated. This study investigated the ability of nanobubbles to reduce Vibrio parahaemolyticus (AHPND strain) and to improve water quality. Two laboratory experiments were conducted over a one‐week period, that is (a) assessing the effects of air and oxygen nanobubbles for 60 minutes per day and (b) comparing effects of ozone nanobubble treatments for 2, 4 and 6 minutes per day. Experiments were done in triplicate 100 L tanks with 15‰ saline water, inoculated with an initial bacterial concentration of 106 CFU/ml. At the end of experiment 1, the bacterial concentration of the air and oxygen nanobubble groups was counted for 69% and 46% of the control group respectively. At the end of experiment 2, the bacterial concentration of the 2‐, 4‐ and 6‐minute ozone nanobubble groups were counted for 23%, 2.2% and 0% of the control group respectively. Oxygen and ozone nanobubbles significantly increased oxygen reduction potential and oxygen values. Results indicate that under effective dosages nanobubbles can be used in the production farms to control V.parahaemolyticus and increase oxygen levels.

This white paper targets individuals interested in cybersecurity in the context of 5G networks and beyond. Accordingly, it addresses the challenges and tendencies in state-of-the-art security solutions and exemplifies the use of these solutions to daily and understandable threats. It goes in depth into the selected solutions with special emphasis on Chief Information Security Officers (CISO) as well as Chief Technology Officers and other decision-making roles putting them into context thanks to the analysis of threat evolution and tendencies in security including the effects produced by COVID-19 pandemic.

Transition metal chalcogenides have wide studied as active electrode materials for electrochemical storage devices. In this study, we successfully fabricated a binder-free electrode of hierarchical Co-Mo-S nanosheets on nickel foam (CMS/NF) by a facile hydrothermal method under microwave irradiation. The CMS layer, with a thickness of a few nanometers, was decorated on the NF's surface. Taking advantage of the large specific surface area of NF and the high capacitance and porosity of CMS, the prepared electrode is believed to have a rapid electron and ion transport, large electroactive sites, and excellent cycle stability. The specific capacitance of 1080 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and excellent cycling stability (90.4% retention in specific capacitance after 5000 cycles) were obtained. For further practical applications, an asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled using the CMS/NF as the cathode and the activated carbon as anode material. The prepared device exhibited a high capacitance of 47 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a high energy density of 42.6 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 850.3 W kg−1 at a wide operating voltage of 1.6 V. This current method could provide a rapid one-step process for other 3D porous electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors.

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá một số đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng trên các bệnh nhân ung thư tuyến giáp biệt hóa kháng 131I. Đối tượng và phương pháp: 123 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán xác định ung thư tuyến giáp biệt hóa bằng kết quả mô bệnh học là thể biệt hoá đã được phẫu thuật cắt gần hoàn toàn hoặc hoàn toàn tuyến giáp, vét hạch cổ và được điều trị bằng 131I và được xác định kháng với 131I. Kết quả: Bệnh nhân có tuổi trung bình 43,85 ± 14,27 năm, tỷ lệ nữ/nam là 3,1/1. Có 54,5% bệnh nhân ở giai đoạn I; 8,9% ở giai đoạn II, giai đoạn III có 2,4% và 26,8% bệnh nhân ở giai đoạn IV. Trung vị thời gian từ khi được chẩn đoán đến khi xác định kháng 131I là 25,4 tháng. Số lần điều trị 131I trung bình trước khi được chẩn đoán kháng 131I là 2,76 ± 1,3 với tổng liều trung bình là 358,6mCi. Mô bệnh học có 95,9% là thể nhú và 4,4% là thể nang. Xét nghiệm Tg huyết thanh cao và không giảm so với trước điều trị 131I. 39,8% số bệnh nhân kháng 131I được phân loại thuộc vào nhóm I; 48% thuộc nhóm II, nhóm III và nhóm IV có tỷ lệ lần lượt là 3,3% và 8,1%. 79,7% số bệnh nhân có 1 vị trí tổn thương kháng 131I. Vị trí tổn thương hay gặp nhất là hạch vùng cổ, chiếm 74,1%, 17,9% tổn thương tại giường tuyến giáp, 13,8% có tổn thương tại giường tuyến giáp kết hợp với các vị trí khác như hạch cổ, phổi. Kết luận: Ung thư tuyến giáp biệt hoá kháng 131I thường gặp ở thể nhú, sau điều trị 131I với các tổn thương tái phát tại giường tuyến giáp, di căn hạch cổ hoặc kết hợp với di căn xa ở nhiều vị trí.

This research explored the long-term relationships of climate parameters and coastal water quality nearby shrimp farms in two countries. In Thailand, two sampling points in canals located in Bangkok and Trang provinces were selected as the urban and tourism areas, respectively. In northern Vietnam, the canals located in Thai Binh and Quang Ninh provinces were used as the urban and tourism areas, respectively. The diurnal monitoring of water quality and weather was performed at each site to evaluate the relationships between climate and water quality, pollution load, and risk analysis. A questionnaire was also used to assess the climate and water exposure, vulnerability, and adaptability of each site. All data were ranked on a scale of 1 to 5 to integrate each factor. It was determined that the main water quality problem was fecal pollution. Notably, aquaculture farming in northern Vietnam is more vulnerable than in Thailand; however, Vietnam farmers were adaptable for climate variability.

International audience; New types of services with low-latency requirements have become a major challenge for the future Internet. Many optimizations, all targeting the latency reduction have been proposed. Among them, jointly re-architecting congestion control and active queue management has been particularly considered. In this effort, the L4S (Low Latency, Low Loss and Scalable Throughput) proposal aims at allowing both classic and lowlatency traffic to cohabit within a single node architecture. Although this architecture sounds promising for latency improvement, it can be exploited by an attacker to perform malicious actions whose purposes are to defeat its low-latency feature and consequently make their supported applications unusable. In this paper, we analyze a set of weaknesses of L4S architecture and show that application-layer protocols such as QUIC can easily be hacked in order to exploit the over-sensitivity of those new services to network variations. By implementing undesirable flows in a real testbed and evaluating how they impact the proper delivery of low-latency flows, we demonstrate their reality and relevance for future deployments.

Proteins are essential to nearly all cellular mechanism, and often interact through their surface with other cell molecules, such as proteins and ligands. The evolution generates plenty of different proteins, with unique abilities, but also proteins with related functions hence surface, which is therefore of primary importance for their activity. In the present work, we assess the ability of five methods to retrieve similar protein surfaces, using either their shape only (3D meshes), or their shape and the electrostatic potential at their surface, an important surface property. Five different groups participated in this challenge using the shape only, and one group extended its pre-existing algorithm to handle the electrostatic potential. The results reveal both the ability of the methods to detect related proteins and their difficulties to distinguish between topologically related proteins., Eurographics Workshop on 3D Object Retrieval, Short Papers, 19, 26, Florent Langenfeld, Tunde Aderinwale, Charles Christoffer, Woong-Hee Shin, Genki Terashi, Xiao Wang, Daisuke Kihara, Halim Benhabiles, Karim Hammoudi, Adnane Cabani, Feryal Windal, Mahmoud Melkemi, Ekpo Otu, Reyer Zwiggelaar, David Hunter, Yonghuai Liu, Léa Sirugue, Huu-Nghia H. Nguyen, Tuan-Duy H. Nguyen, Vinh-Thuyen Nguyen–Truong, Danh Le, Hai-Dang Nguyen, Minh-Triet Tran, and Matthieu Montès, CCS Concepts: Applied computing --> Computational biology; General and reference --> Evaluation

Nanobubble (NB) technology has been hailed as a novel way to disinfect water. Previous studies suggested that when NBs collapse, they create shock waves that result in OH- free radicals, which can damage cells, including bacteria. In this study, we investigated, through a series of 11 experiments, the potential use of air nanobubbles (128 ± 44 nm, mean ± SD) to reduce the concentration of various pathogenic bacteria including Aeromonas hydrophila, A. veronii, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Streptococcus agalactiae under controlled, tank-based laboratory conditions. Despite the high number of nanobubbles continuously added to a relatively small volume of water in experimental tanks (50-100 L), we did not observe a consistent or significant decrease in bacteria that would control disease outbreaks. Although most of the experiments were conducted in fresh water on A. hydrophila, results were consistent across fresh and brackish water experiments, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and a range of nanobubble concentrations. This study suggests air nanobubbles on their own are inadequate to significantly reduce high levels of pathogenic bacteria in water. We propose to explore other gases for improving the disinfection properties of this technology.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAir nanobubbles did not sufficiently reduce the level of bacteria in laboratory experiments.

A binder-free 3D electrode of MnO 2 arrays on graphene@nickel foam was successfully prepared via a two-step method. The nickel foam was first coated with a graphene sheet by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and then decorated with MnO 2 of different morphologies, ultrathin MnO 2 nanosheets and ultralong MnO 2 nanowires, by facile hydrothermal method. Due to the large specific surface area, high electronic conductivity and good capacitance of electrode materials, the obtained electrode exhibited rapid electron and ion transport, large electroactive surface area, and excellent structural stability. The electrode showed a high specific capacitance of 723 F cm −2 at a high current density of 30 mA cm −2 and a good cycling stability (with a negligible 2.4% decay in specific capacitances after 2300 cycles), promising its applications to high-performance supercapacitors.

Hierarchical flower-like V 2 O 5 growth on graphene and nickel foam electrodes was fabricated by using chemical vapor deposition and hydrothermal methods for electrochemical capacitors. Taking advantages of the high conductivity of graphene, high capacitance of well-defined V 2 O 5 flower-like structure and open framework of three-dimensional nickel foam, the resulting electrodes exhibited rapid electron and ion transport, large electroactive surface area, and excellent structural stability. The specific capacitance was as high as 1235 F g −1 at a current density of 2 A g -1 , suggesting its potential as a high performance electrode for supercapacitors.

A dual broadband perfect absorber based on a graphene-covered compound silver (Ag) grating structure working in the infrared (0.8-2.1 mu m) regime is proposed and investigated numerically. Two distinct absorption peaks approximately 1.0 are achieved by the excitation of magnetic polaritons over a large range of incident angles from 0 to 70 degrees. The physics underlying the structure is also explained by computing interactions of electromagnetic fields with the graphene and the Ag grating. In addition, it has shown that the absorption peaks can be tuned by changing geometric parameters of the structure; however, their spectral shape and absorption remain unchanged. Furthermore, the proposed compound grating with a graphene overlay provides potential applications for infrared absorbing devices. Web of Science 27 21 30190 30182

Whilst a range of studies address the aquaculture livelihoods in southern Vietnam’s Mekong Delta, the role of aquaculture in northern Vietnam remains less described. We, therefore, conducted interviews with 199 households in the two northern provinces Quang Ninh and Nghe An in 2014 to analyse the dependence on aquaculture in these two provinces and amongst farmers specializing in shrimp and freshwater fish production, respectively. Further, we tested the ability of different socio-economic variables to explain the observed reliance on aquaculture using an ANCOVA model. The study identifies a substantial reliance on aquaculture of farmers in the study area with at least half of their income generated by aquaculture. Our analyses highlight that the educational background of farmers explain their engagement in aquaculture better than how long they have worked as aquaculture farmers. Freshwater fish farmers were shown to rely less on aquaculture as it is only generating a supplementary income. In contrast, the shrimp farmers are not only those having the highest share of income from aquaculture but also earning their main living from aquaculture. The fact that both shrimp and fish farmers have diverse sources of income shows the unstable or risky nature of aquaculture livelihoods in the study area. Our findings suggest that policies promoting aquaculture should focus on training of farmers whilst acknowledging that a diverse income portfolio increases livelihood resilience to external shocks such as extreme weather events, diseases and fluctuating market prices.