Search

The research was conducted from May to December 2022 in Lao Cai province. A total of 192 fish samples were collected from the traditional cultured fish group and coldwater cultured fish group. Freshoscopy method has been applied for fungal indicators, isolated culture for bacteria and PCR technique for virus indicators. The results showed that fungal agents were detected with a high infection rate in both groups of traditionally cultured fish (83.3%) and cold-water cultured fish (66.7%); Among them, more than 90% are fungus carrying Branchiomyces sp.; The remaining is Dermocystidium sp. and Aphanomyces sp, the recorded period is from May to December. Meanwhile, bacterial causes were found to be lower, infection rate of bacterial species Edwardsiella sp.; Streptococcus sp. and Aeromonas sp. recorded between 20 and 35%, especially in September and October, the infection rate is lower than other months. To limit the damage, water needs to be treated before flowing into the pond/farming tank, periodically supplement vitamin C or multivitamins to increase the fish's resistance, well control environmental factors, especially temperature, amount of ammonia and amount of organic matter in the pond.

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the development of the night economy in Da Nang city, Vietnam on the basis of a survey of 346 domestic tourists choosing this as a tourist destination and participate in night activities and services. The author has synthesized the relevant background theory as well as previous outstanding studies on the issue of tourism development and night economy. SPSS 20 software was used to test the relationship between factors affecting the development of the night economy based on the viewpoints of tourists, residents and local authorities. The results of the study show that 05 factors affect the development of the night economy in Da Nang city in order: The development of a variety of services; Legal and safety regulations; cultural experience opportunities; infrastructure and traffic; service prices. The remaining two factors did not find any influence on the development of the night economy: tourism natural resources; promote and share. The study once again confirms the relationship between the factors affecting the development of the night economy and is a document to help researchers understand better in the research context in Vietnam, one of the leading countries in the world. developing countries and are limited in developing the night economy after the Covid-19 pandemic.

Rhizobia topic has been re-focused in recent years because of new findings on their traits not only as nitrogen-fixing bacteria but also as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. When combing rhizobial strains with novel biological carriers (e.g., biochar) for inoculant production, it brings great potential for improving soil health in long-term. Appreciating this trend, this study is designed to isolate and characterize local rhizobial strains from legume fields using the conventional method with some modifications to increase efficiency in rhizobial identification. As a result, 17 rhizobial strains were isolated and classified biochemically that genetic identification outcome confirmed 10 strains belong to 07 different Rhizobium species as R. mayense, R. paknamense, R. pusense, R. miluonense, R. tropici, R. phaseoli, and R. multihospitium while the rest belong to 06 various Bradyrhizobium species as B. elkanii, B. centrosematis, B. guangxiense, B. liaoningense, B. yuanmingense, and B. arachidis. Thermal and saline tolerant tests together with seed germination tests also performed on these rhizobial strains to gain data on their responses to abiotic stresses. By comparing rice and mung bean GI values, we can assess the effectiveness of each rhizobial strains to help seeds at their early germination.

Coffee with different regions and species tends to have different chemical compositions and, therefore, gains variable commercial values. This means that the authenticity of green coffee beans, the raw material for coffee beverages, is necessary for coffee supply chains. This paper focused on the application of ultraviolet–visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy combined with the Partial Least Squares with Discriminant Analysis (PLS–DA) model to authenticate Vietnamese green coffee beans. Spectra of 147 samples were used to build prediction models. PLS–DA model combined with the Standard Normal Variate (SNV) and second order of derivative performed excellently in predicting coffee species with a percentage of cross–validation accuracy at 100.00%. With the treatment of SNV and the first order of derivative, percentages of cross–validation accuracy for the PLS–DA model authenticating the origin of samples from all provinces varied from 88.23% to 95.80%. The results showed a high potential of the UV–VIS spectroscopy techniques in the authenticity of green coffee beans.

Background: Yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play an important part in the post‐harvest fermentation of coffee. This study applied lab‐scale fermentation to commercial green coffee beans using dry coffee pulp as the substrate, with the aim of modifying coffee‐bean flavor. In addition to spontaneous fermentation, yeast and LAB isolated from coffee beans and dried coffee pulp were added during fermentation. Results: Co‐inoculation of yeast and LAB showed a significant effect on the chlorogenic acid content after between 24 and 72 h of fermentation. Acetic, citric, malic, lactic, and quinic acids were shown to be affected significantly (P < 0.05) by fermentation and inoculation. Gas chromatography detected that esters, alcohols, aldehydes, furans, and pyrazines were the primary compounds in the coffee beans. Certain volatile groups were present in greater concentrations and broader varieties within the inoculated beans. The highest cupping scores were given to beans that had been co‐inoculated with yeast and LAB. Conclusion: Overall, the use of yeasts and LAB starters showed potential to create coffee beverages with desirable characteristics by standardized fermentation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gram-negative bacteria are normally resistant to the antibiotic vancomycin (VAN), which cannot significantly penetrate the outer membrane. We used Escherichia coli mutants that are partially sensitive to VAN to study synergies between VAN and 10 other antibiotics representing six different functional categories. We detected strong synergies with VAN and nitrofurantoin (NTR) and with VAN and trimethoprim (TMP) and moderate synergies with other drugs, such as aminoglycosides. These synergies are powerful enough to show the activity of VAN against wild-type E. coli at concentrations of VAN as low as 6.25 μg/ml. This suggests that a very small percentage of exogenous VAN does enter E. coli but normally has insignificant effects on growth inhibition or cell killing. We used the results of pairwise interactions with VAN and the other 10 antibiotics tested to place VAN into a functional category of its own, as previously defined by Yeh et al. (P. Yeh, A. I. Tschumi, and R. Kishony, Nat Genet 28:489-494, 2006, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1755).

Background: COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and causes substantial morbidity and mortality. There is currently no vaccine to prevent COVID-19 or therapeutic agent to treat COVID-19. This clinical trial is designed to evaluate chloroquine as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of hospitalised people with COVID-19. We hypothesise that chloroquine slows viral replication in patients with COVID-19, attenuating the infection, and resulting in more rapid decline of viral load in throat/nose swabs. This viral attenuation should be associated with improved patient outcomes. Method: The study will start with a 10-patient prospective observational pilot study following the same entry and exclusion criteria as for the randomized trial and undergoing the same procedures. The main study is an open label, randomised, controlled trial with two parallel arms of standard of care (control arm) versus standard of care with 10 days of chloroquine (intervention arm) with a loading dose over the first 24 hours, followed by 300mg base orally once daily for nine days. The study will recruit patients in three sites in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, the Cu Chi Field Hospital, and the Can Gio COVID hospital. The primary endpoint is the time to viral clearance from throat/nose swab, defined as the time following randomization until the midpoint between the last positive and the first of the negative throat/nose swabs. Viral presence will be determined using RT-PCR to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Discussion: The results of the study will add to the evidence-based guidelines for management of COVID-19. Given the enormous experience of its use in malaria chemoprophylaxis, excellent safety and tolerability profile, and its very low cost, if proved effective then chloroquine would be a readily deployable and affordable treatment for patients with COVID-19. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04328493 31/03/2020

Because airports serve as symbolic representations of a nation, careful oversight of airport service quality is essential to preserving a positive international reputation. Getting a competitive edge by satisfying travelers and vacationers with firstrate service is critical to spur real economic growth. This paper investigates the impact of airport service quality on passengers’ pleasure and its subsequent impact on trust and electronic word-of-mouth behavior. The survey data reveal that six dimensions of airport service quality, including check-in, security, convenience, ambiance, basic facilities and mobility, were analyzed for their impact on passengers’ pleasure. The results show that the quality of these services in the airport has a significant impact on passengers’ pleasure. Positive airport experiences lead to increased trust and positive electronic word-of-mouth behavior. The findings highlight the importance of providing high-quality airport services to enhance customer pleasure and maintain positive customer perceptions and behaviors toward the airport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]