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2. Feasibility, acceptability, and bacterial recovery for community-based sample collection to estimate antibiotic resistance in commensal gut and upper respiratory tract bacteria

Author

Tran, Hoang Huy, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, Tran, Huyen Bang, Vu, Bich Ngoc Thi, Nguyen, Tu Cam Thi, Tacoli, Costanza, Tran, Thao Phuong, Trinh, Tung Son, Cai, Thien Huong Ngoc, Nadjm, Behzad, Tran, Kieu Hương Thi, Pham, Quynh Dieu, Nguyen, Thương Hong Thi, Nguyen, Trang Thu, Pham, Thai Duy, Kesteman, Thomas, Dang, Duc Anh, Tran, Tien Dac, van Doorn, H. Rogier, and Lewycka, Sonia

Published
2022
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4. Sero and Carriage Epidemiology of Pertussis in Urban and Rural Regions in Vietnam

Author

Toizumi, Michiko, primary, Le, Lien Thuy, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Le, Thao Thi Thu, additional, Kitamura, Noriko, additional, Bui, Liem Xuan, additional, Ho, Nen Minh, additional, Do, Hung Thai, additional, Kamachi, Kazunari, additional, Otsuka, Nao, additional, Bui, Minh Xuan, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, and Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional

Published
2024
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5. Could prophylactic antivirals reduce dengue incidence in a high-prevalence endemic area?

Author

Jafari, Yalda, Brady, Oliver J., Briggs, Joseph R., Lien, Le Thuy, Mai, Huynh Kim, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, Van Loock, Marnix, Herrera-Taracena, Guillermo, Menten, Joris, Iwasaki, Chihiro, Takegata, Mizuki, Kitamura, Noriko, Do Thai, Hung, Minh, Bui Xuan, Morita, Kouichi, Anh, Dang Duc, Clifford, Sam, Prem, Kiesha, Hafalla, Julius, and Edmunds, W. John

Subjects
DENGUE hemorrhagic fever, DENGUE, DENGUE viruses, MOSQUITO control, DRUG efficacy, ANTIVIRAL agents
Abstract

Prophylactic drugs against dengue are currently under development. In this study, we explored how such prophylactic approaches might affect dengue cases in four communes of Nha Trang City, Vietnam. A community level dengue transmission survey indicated high levels of previous exposure to dengue (89.7%; 95% CI: 87.2,92.0). We fitted a spatially explicit model to an observed outbreak and simulated likely effectiveness of Case-Area Targeted Interventions (CATI) and One-Time Mass Distribution (OTMD) of drug and vector control strategies. Increasing the radius and effectiveness and decreasing delay of CATI was most effective, with drugs being more effective in averting dengue cases than vector control. Using an OTMD approach early in the outbreak required the least number of treatments to avert a case, suggesting that OTMD strategies should be considered as pre-emptive rather than reactive strategies. These findings show that pre-emptive interventions can substantially reduce the burden of dengue outbreaks in endemic settings. Author summary: Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted virus that is a leading cause of hospitalisation and death in Asian and Latin American countries. Protection against dengue infection mainly relies on mosquito control, but the current development of drugs against the virus opens new perspectives for prevention. To develop efficient prevention strategies, it is important to understand how prevalent and transmissible the virus is in a given population. In this study, we conducted a large serological survey in Nha Trang City, Vietnam, and developed a mathematical model to simulate the effect of preventive antiviral treatment on dengue outbreaks in that population. We compared the strength of these effects to that of other prevention startegies, such as mosquito control. We found that a large proportion of the population had been previously infected by dengue virus. In this context, our simulations showed that drugs are more effective in preventing dengue cases than mosquito control, and that these strategies are most effective when the radius of intervention increases and the delay of intervention decreases. These findings show that preventive administration of antivirals during outbreaks can substantially reduce the spread of dengue virus in part of the world where it is highly prevalent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in conjunctival flora and association with nasopharyngeal carriage among children in a Vietnamese community

Author

Mohamed, Yasser Helmy, Toizumi, Michiko, Uematsu, Masafumi, Nguyen, Hien-Anh Thi, Le, Lien Thuy, Takegata, Mizuki, Iwasaki, Chihiro, Kitamura, Noriko, Nation, Monica L., Dunne, Eileen M., Hinds, Jason, Do, Hung Thai, Vien, Mai Quang, Satzke, Catherine, Flasche, Stefan, Mulholland, Kim, Dang, Duc-Anh, Kitaoka, Takashi, and Yoshida, Lay-Myint

Published
2021
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9. Association of pneumococcal carriage in infants with the risk of carriage among their contacts in Nha Trang, Vietnam: A nested cross-sectional survey

Author

Qian, George, Toizumi, Michiko, Clifford, Sam, Le, Lien Thuy, Papastylianou, Tasos, Satzke, Catherine, Quilty, Billy, Iwasaki, Chihiro, Kitamura, Noriko, Takegata, Mizuki, Bui, Minh Xuan, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, Dang, Duc Anh, van Hoek, Albert Jan, Yoshida, Lay Myint, and Flasche, Stefan

Subjects
Pneumococcal infections -- Risk factors -- Prevention, Disease transmission -- Risk factors -- Prevention, Pediatric research, Pneumococcal vaccine -- Dosage and administration, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Infants are at highest risk of pneumococcal disease. Their added protection through herd effects is a key part in the considerations on optimal pneumococcal vaccination strategies. Yet, little is currently known about the main transmission pathways to this vulnerable age group. Hence, this study investigates pneumococcal transmission routes to infants in the coastal city of Nha Trang, Vietnam. Methods and findings In October 2018, we conducted a nested cross-sectional contact and pneumococcal carriage survey in randomly selected 4- to 11-month-old infants across all 27 communes of Nha Trang. Bayesian logistic regression models were used to estimate age specific carriage prevalence in the population, a proxy for the probability that a contact of a given age could lead to pneumococcal exposure for the infant. We used another Bayesian logistic regression model to estimate the correlation between infant carriage and the probability that at least one of their reported contacts carried pneumococci, controlling for age and locality. In total, 1,583 infants between 4 and 13 months old participated, with 7,428 contacts reported. Few infants (5%, or 86 infants) attended day care, and carriage prevalence was 22% (353 infants). Most infants (61%, or 966 infants) had less than a 25% probability to have had close contact with a pneumococcal carrier on the surveyed day. Pneumococcal infection risk and contact behaviour were highly correlated: If adjusted for age and locality, the odds of an infant's carriage increased by 22% (95% confidence interval (CI): 15 to 29) per 10 percentage points increase in the probability to have had close contact with at least 1 pneumococcal carrier. Moreover, 2- to 6-year-old children contributed 51% (95% CI: 39 to 63) to the total direct pneumococcal exposure risks to infants in this setting. The main limitation of this study is that exposure risk was assessed indirectly by the age-dependent propensity for carriage of a contact and not by assessing carriage of such contacts directly. Conclusions In this study, we observed that cross-sectional contact and infection studies could help identify pneumococcal transmission routes and that preschool-age children may be the largest reservoir for pneumococcal transmission to infants in Nha Trang, Vietnam., Author(s): George Qian 1,*, Michiko Toizumi 2, Sam Clifford 1, Lien Thuy Le 3, Tasos Papastylianou 4, Catherine Satzke 5, Billy Quilty 1, Chihiro Iwasaki 2, Noriko Kitamura 2, Mizuki [...]

Published
2022
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10. A Birth Cohort Follow-Up Study on Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Vietnam

Author

Toizumi, Michiko, primary, Vu, Cuong Nguyen, additional, Huynh, Hai Thi, additional, Uematsu, Masafumi, additional, Tran, Vy Thao, additional, Vo, Hien Minh, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Ngwe Tun, Mya Myat, additional, Bui, Minh Xuan, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, Moriuchi, Hiroyuki, additional, and Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional

Published
2023
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11. A serological framework to investigate acute primary and post-primary dengue cases reporting across the Philippines

Author

Biggs, Joseph R., Sy, Ava Kristy, Brady, Oliver J., Kucharski, Adam J., Funk, Sebastian, Reyes, Mary Anne Joy, Quinones, Mary Ann, Jones-Warner, William, Tu, Yun-Hung, Avelino, Ferchito L., Sucaldito, Nemia L., Mai, Huynh Kim, Lien, Le Thuy, Do Thai, Hung, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, Anh, Dang Duc, Iwasaki, Chihiro, Kitamura, Noriko, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Tandoc, Amado O., la Paz, Eva Cutiongco-de, Capeding, Maria Rosario Z., Padilla, Carmencita D., Hafalla, Julius Clemence R., and Hibberd, Martin L.

Published
2020
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12. A Birth Cohort Follow-Up Study on Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Vietnam

Author

Toizumi, Michiko, Vu, Cuong Nguyen, Huynh, Hai Thi, Uematsu, Masafumi, Tran, Vy Thao, Vo, Hien Minh, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, Ngwe, Tun Mya Myat, Bui, Minh Xuan, Dang, Duc Anh, Moriuchi, Hiroyuki, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Toizumi, Michiko, Vu, Cuong Nguyen, Huynh, Hai Thi, Uematsu, Masafumi, Tran, Vy Thao, Vo, Hien Minh, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, Ngwe, Tun Mya Myat, Bui, Minh Xuan, Dang, Duc Anh, Moriuchi, Hiroyuki, and Yoshida, Lay-Myint

Abstract

We assessed the development, sensory status, and brain structure of children with congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection (CZI) at two years and preschool age. CZI was defined as either ZIKV RNA detection or positive ZIKV IgM and neutralization test in the cord or neonatal blood. Twelve children with CZI born in 2017–2018 in Vietnam, including one with Down syndrome, were assessed at 23–25.5 months of age, using Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3), ASQ:Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE-2), Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, automated auditory brainstem response (AABR), and Spot Vision Screener (SVS). They underwent brain CT and MRI. They had detailed ophthalmological examinations, ASQ-3, and ASQ:SE-2 at 51–62 months of age. None had birthweight or head circumference z-score < −3 except for the one with Down syndrome. All tests passed AABR (n = 10). No ophthalmological problems were detected by SVS (n = 10) and detailed examinations (n = 6), except for a girl’s astigmatism. Communication and problem-solving domains in a boy at 24 months, gross-motor area in a boy, and gross-motor and fine-motor areas in another boy at 59–61 months were in the referral zone. Brain CT (n = 8) and MRI (n = 6) revealed no abnormalities in the cerebrum, cerebellum, or brainstem other than cerebellar hypoplasia with Down syndrome. The CZI children were almost age-appropriately developed with no brain or eye abnormalities. Careful and longer follow-up is necessary for children with CZI., Viruses, 15(9), art. no. 1928; 2023

Published
2023

14. A phylogenetic study of dengue virus in urban Vietnam shows long-term persistence of endemic strains

Author

Ashall, James, primary, Shah, Sonal, additional, Biggs, Joseph R, additional, Chang, Jui-Ning R, additional, Jafari, Yalda, additional, Brady, Oliver J, additional, Mai, Huynh Kim, additional, Lien, Le Thuy, additional, Do Thai, Hung, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Anh, Dang Duc, additional, Iwasaki, Chihiro, additional, Kitamura, Noriko, additional, Van Loock, Marnix, additional, Herrera-Taracena, Guillermo, additional, Rasschaert, Freya, additional, Van Wesenbeeck, Liesbeth, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, Hafalla, Julius Clemence R, additional, Hue, Stephane, additional, and Hibberd, Martin L, additional

Published
2023
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15. Awareness of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance in a Rural District of Ha Nam Province, Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Author

Ulaya, Godwin, primary, Nguyen, Tu Cam Thi, additional, Vu, Bich Ngoc Thi, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Tran, Hoang Huy, additional, Tran, Huong Kieu Thi, additional, Reeve, Matthew, additional, Pham, Quynh Dieu, additional, Trinh, Tung Son, additional, van Doorn, H. Rogier, additional, and Lewycka, Sonia, additional

Published
2022
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16. Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on prevalence of otitis media with effusion among children in Vietnam

Author

Toizumi, Michiko, primary, Satoh, Chisei, additional, Quilty, Billy J., additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Madaniyazi, Lina, additional, Le, Lien Thuy, additional, Ng, Chris Fook Sheng, additional, Hara, Minoru, additional, Iwasaki, Chihiro, additional, Takegata, Mizuki, additional, Kitamura, Noriko, additional, Nation, Monica Larissa, additional, Satzke, Catherine, additional, Kumai, Yoshihiko, additional, Do, Hung Thai, additional, Bui, Minh Xuan, additional, Mulholland, Kim, additional, Flasche, Stefan, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, Kaneko, Kenichi, additional, and Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional

Published
2022
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17. Feasibility, acceptability, and bacterial recovery for community-based biological sample collection to estimate antibiotic resistance in commensal gut and upper respiratory tract bacteria: a cross-sectional mixed-methods study

Author

Tran, Hoang Huy, primary, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Tran, Huyen Bang, additional, Vu, Bich Ngoc Thi, additional, Nguyen, Tu Cam Thi, additional, Tacoli, Costanza, additional, Tran, Thao Phuong, additional, Trinh, Tung Son, additional, Cai, Thien Hương Ngoc, additional, Nadjm, Behzad, additional, Tran, Kieu Hương Thi, additional, Pham, Quynh Dieu, additional, Nguyen, Thương Hong Thi, additional, Nguyen, Trang Thu, additional, Pham, Thai Duy, additional, Kesteman, Thomas, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, Tran, Tien Dac, additional, Doorn, Rogier van, additional, and Lewycka, Sonia, additional

Published
2022
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18. Combining rapid diagnostic tests to estimate primary and post-primary dengue immune status at the point of care

Author

Biggs, Joseph R., primary, Sy, Ava Kristy, additional, Ashall, James, additional, Santoso, Marsha S., additional, Brady, Oliver J., additional, Reyes, Mary Anne Joy, additional, Quinones, Mary Ann, additional, Jones-Warner, William, additional, Tandoc, Amadou O., additional, Sucaldito, Nemia L., additional, Mai, Huynh Kim, additional, Lien, Le Thuy, additional, Thai, Hung Do, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Anh, Dang Duc, additional, Iwasaki, Chihiro, additional, Kitamura, Noriko, additional, Van Loock, Marnix, additional, Herrera-Taracena, Guillermo, additional, Menten, Joris, additional, Rasschaert, Freya, additional, Van Wesenbeeck, Liesbeth, additional, Masyeni, Sri, additional, Haryanto, Sotianingsih, additional, Yohan, Benediktus, additional, Cutiongco-de la Paz, Eva, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, Hue, Stephane, additional, Rosario Z. Capeding, Maria, additional, Padilla, Carmencita D., additional, Sasmono, R. Tedjo, additional, Hafalla, Julius Clemence R., additional, and Hibberd, Martin L., additional

Published
2022
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19. Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Very Short Form of Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQR-VSF): A Study among Vietnamese Children

Author

Takegata, Mizuki, primary, Ohashi, Yukiko, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Toizumi, Michiko, additional, Moriuchi, Hiroyuki, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, Gartstein, Maria A., additional, Putnam, Samuel, additional, and Kitamura, Toshinori, additional

Published
2022
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21. Conjunctival Sac Microbiome in Infectious Conjunctivitis

Author

Mohamed, Yasser, primary, Uematsu, Masafumi, additional, Morinaga, Yoshitomo, additional, Nguyen, Hien-Anh Thi, additional, Toizumi, Michiko, additional, Sasaki, Daisuke, additional, Yanagihara, Katsunori, additional, Dang, Duc-Anh, additional, Kitaoka, Takashi, additional, and Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional

Published
2021
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22. Pneumococcal exposure routes for infants, a nested cross-sectional survey in Nha Trang, Vietnam

Author

Qian, George, primary, Toizumi, Michiko, additional, Clifford, Sam, additional, Le, Lien Thuy, additional, Papastylianou, Tasos, additional, Quilty, Billy, additional, Iwasaki, Chihiro, additional, Kitamura, Noriko, additional, Takegata, Mizuki, additional, Nguyen, Trang Minh, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, van Hoek, Albert Jan, additional, Yoshida, Lay Myint, additional, and Flasche, Stefan, additional

Published
2021
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23. Rubella seroprevalence among mothers and incidence of congenital rubella three years after rubella vaccine introduction in Vietnam

Author

Toizumi, Michiko, primary, Tanaka, Saki, additional, Moriuchi, Masako, additional, Nguyen, Hien-Anh Thi, additional, Takegata, Mizuki, additional, Iwasaki, Chihiro, additional, Kitamura, Noriko, additional, Do, Hung Thai, additional, Dang, Duc-Anh, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, and Moriuchi, Hiroyuki, additional

Published
2021
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24. Prevalence and characteristics of children with otitis media with effusion in Vietnam

Author

Satoh, Chisei, primary, Toizumi, Michiko, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Hara, Minoru, additional, Bui, Minh Xuan, additional, Iwasaki, Chihiro, additional, Takegata, Mizuki, additional, Kitamura, Noriko, additional, Suzuki, Motoi, additional, Hashizume, Masahiro, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, Kumai, Yoshihiko, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, and Kaneko, Ken-ichi, additional

Published
2021
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25. Conjunctival Sac Microbiome in Infectious Conjunctivitis

Author

Mohamed, Yasser Helmy, Uematsu, Masafumi, Morinaga, Yoshitomo, Nguyen, Hien-Anh Thi, Toizumi, Michiko, Sasaki, Daisuke, Yanagihara, Katsunori, Dang, Duc-Anh, Kitaoka, Takashi, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Mohamed, Yasser Helmy, Uematsu, Masafumi, Morinaga, Yoshitomo, Nguyen, Hien-Anh Thi, Toizumi, Michiko, Sasaki, Daisuke, Yanagihara, Katsunori, Dang, Duc-Anh, Kitaoka, Takashi, and Yoshida, Lay-Myint

Abstract

Acute bacterial conjunctival infections are common, and this study identified the conjunctival bacterial community in infectious conjunctivitis cases seen at the outpatient clinic of Khanh Hoa General Hospital in Nha Trang, Vietnam from October 2016 through December 2017. Conjunctival swabs were collected and tested using conventional culture, PCR, and 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. The study included 47 randomly selected patients. More than 98% of all DNA reads represented five bacterial phyla. Three of these phyla constituted 92% of all sequences (Firmicutes (35%), Actinobacteria (31%), and Proteobacteria (26%)). At the genus level, there were 12 common genera that constituted about 61% of all sequence reads. Seven of those genera were common (Streptococcus (10%), Cutibacterium (10%), Staphylococcus (7%), Nocardioides (7%), Corynebacterium 1 (5%), Anoxybacillus (5%), and Acinetobacter (5%)), which encompassed 49% of all reads. As for diversity analysis, there was no difference on PERMANOVA analysis (unweighted UniFrac) for sex (p = 0.087), chemosis (p = 0.064), and unclassified eyedrops (p = 0.431). There was a significant difference in cases with bilateral conjunctivitis (p = 0.017) and for using antibiotics (p = 0.020). Of the predominant phyla, Firmicutes had the highest abundance in bacterial conjunctivitis in this study. Pseudomonas as a resident commensal microbiota may have an important role in the prevention of infection., Microorganisms, 9(10), art. no. 2095; 2021

Published
2021

27. Congenital Zika Virus Infection in a Birth Cohort in Vietnam, 2017?2018

Author

Ngwe, Tun Mya Myat, Moriuchi, Masako, Toizumi, Michiko, Luvai, Elizabeth, Raini, Sandra, Kitamura, Noriko, Takegata, Mizuki, Nguyen, Hien-Anh Thi, Moi, Meng Ling, Buerano, Corazon C., Anh, Dang Duc, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Morita, Kouichi, Moriuchi, Hiroyuki, Ngwe, Tun Mya Myat, Moriuchi, Masako, Toizumi, Michiko, Luvai, Elizabeth, Raini, Sandra, Kitamura, Noriko, Takegata, Mizuki, Nguyen, Hien-Anh Thi, Moi, Meng Ling, Buerano, Corazon C., Anh, Dang Duc, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Morita, Kouichi, and Moriuchi, Hiroyuki

Abstract

To detect congenital ZIKV infection (CZI) in a birth cohort and among high-risk neonates in Vietnam, we collected umbilical cord blood plasma samples of newly delivered babies and peripheral plasma samples of high-risk neonates in Nha Trang, central Vietnam, between July 2017 and September 2018. Samples were subjected to serological and molecular tests. Of the 2013 newly delivered babies, 21 (1%) were positive for Zika virus (ZIKV) IgM and 1,599 (79%) for Flavivirus IgG. Among the 21 ZIKV IgM-positives, 11 were confirmed to have CZI because their plasma samples had anti-ZIKV neutralization titers 3 4 times higher than those against dengue virus (DENV)-1 to 4 and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and were tested for the ZIKV RNA positive by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. Therefore,the incidence of CZI in our birth cohort was approximately 0.5%. Of the 150 high-risk neonates, three (2%) and 95 (63%) were positive for ZIKV IgM and Flavivirus IgG antibodies, respectively. None of the three ZIKV IgM-positives had 3 4 times higher anti-ZIKV neutralization titers than those against DENV-1 to 4 and JEV, and were therefore considered as probable CZI. Our results indicate that CZI is not rare in Vietnam. Although those with confirmed CZI did not show apparent symptoms suspected of congenital Zika syndrome at birth, detailed examinations and follow-up studies are needed to clarify the CZI impact in Vietnam. This is the first report of CZI cases in a birth cohort in Asia., American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103(5), pp.2059-2064; 2020

Published
2020

28. Congenital Zika Virus Infection in a Birth Cohort in Vietnam, 2017–2018

Author

Ngwe Tun, Mya Myat, primary, Moriuchi, Masako, additional, Toizumi, Michiko, additional, Luvai, Elizabeth, additional, Raini, Sandra, additional, Kitamura, Noriko, additional, Takegata, Mizuki, additional, Nguyen, Hien-Anh Thi, additional, Moi, Meng Ling, additional, Buerano, Corazon C., additional, Anh, Dang Duc, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, Morita, Kouichi, additional, and Moriuchi, Hiroyuki, additional

Published
2020
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32. Sensory defects and developmental delay among children with congenital rubella syndrome

Author

Toizumi, Michiko, primary, Nguyen, Giang Thi Huong, additional, Motomura, Hideki, additional, Nguyen, Thanh Huu, additional, Pham, Enga, additional, Kaneko, Ken-ichi, additional, Uematsu, Masafumi, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, Hashizume, Masahiro, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, and Moriuchi, Hiroyuki, additional

Published
2017
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33. Bacterial Load of Pneumococcal Serotypes Correlates with Their Prevalence and Multiple Serotypes Is Associated with Acute Respiratory Infections among Children Less Than 5 Years of Age

Author

Dhoubhadel, Bhim Gopal, Yasunami, Michio, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, Suzuki, Motoi, Vu, Thu Huong, Thi, Thuy Nguyen Ai, Dang, Duc Anh, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Ariyoshi, Koya, Dhoubhadel, Bhim Gopal, Yasunami, Michio, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, Suzuki, Motoi, Vu, Thu Huong, Thi, Thuy Nguyen Ai, Dang, Duc Anh, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, and Ariyoshi, Koya

Abstract

Background: Among pneumococcal serotypes, some serotypes are more prevalent in the nasopharynx than others; determining factors for higher prevalence remain to be fully explored. As non-vaccine serotypes have emerged after the introduction of 7-valent conjugate vaccines, study of serotype specific epidemiology is in need. When two or more serotypes co-colonize, they evolve rapidly to defend host's immune responses; however, a clear association of cocolonization with a clinical outcome is lacking. Methods: Children less than 5 years old who were admitted to hospital due to acute respiratory infections (ARI) (n = 595) and healthy children (n = 350) were recruited. Carriage of pneumococcus was determined by culture and lytA PCR in the nasopharyngeal samples. Serotype/serogroup detection and its quantification were done by the nanofluidic real time PCR system. Spearman's correlation and logistic regression were used to examine a correlation of serotype/serogroup specific bacterial load with its prevalence and an association of co-colonization with ARI respectively. Results: Serotype/serogroup specific bacterial load was correlated with its prevalence, both in ARI cases (Spearman's rho = 0.44, n = 186; P<0.0001) and healthy children (Spearman's rho = 0.41, n = 115; P<0.0001). The prevalence of multiple serotypes was more common in ARI cases than in healthy children (18.5% vs 7.1%; aOR 2.92, 95% CI: 1.27-6.71; P = 0.01). The dominant serotype in the co-colonization had a 2 log10 higher bacterial load than the subdominant serotype, both in ARI cases (P<0.001) and healthy children (P<0.05). Conclusions: High bacterial load in the nasopharynx may help transmit pneumococci among hosts, and increase the chance of successful acquisition and colonization. Co-colonization of multiple serotypes of pneumococci is linked with ARI, which infers the interactions of multiple serotypes may increase their pathogenicity; however, they may compete for growth in number., PLoS ONE, 9(10), e110777; 2014

Published
2014

34. Bacterial Load of Pneumococcal Serotypes Correlates with Their Prevalence and Multiple Serotypes Is Associated with Acute Respiratory Infections among Children Less Than 5 Years of Age

Author

Dhoubhadel, Bhim Gopal, primary, Yasunami, Michio, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Suzuki, Motoi, additional, Vu, Thu Huong, additional, Thi Thuy Nguyen, Ai, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional, and Ariyoshi, Koya, additional

Published
2014
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35. Mortality Associated With Pulmonary Hypertension in Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Author

Toizumi, Michiko, primary, Motomura, Hideki, additional, Vo, Hien Minh, additional, Takahashi, Kensuke, additional, Pham, Enga, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Le, Tho Huu, additional, Hashizume, Masahiro, additional, Ariyoshi, Koya, additional, Dang, Duc Anh, additional, Moriuchi, Hiroyuki, additional, and Yoshida, Lay-Myint, additional

Published
2014
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36. Association Between Nasopharyngeal Load of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Viral Coinfection, and Radiologically Confirmed Pneumonia in Vietnamese Children

Author

Vu, Huong Thi Thu, primary, Yoshida, Lay Myint, additional, Suzuki, Motoi, additional, Nguyen, Hien Anh Thi, additional, Nguyen, Cat Dinh Lien, additional, Nguyen, Ai Thi Thuy, additional, Oishi, Kengo, additional, Yamamoto, Takeshi, additional, Watanabe, Kiwao, additional, Vu, Thiem Dinh, additional, Schmidt, Wolf-Peter, additional, Phan, Huong Thanh Le, additional, Morimoto, Konosuke, additional, Le, Tho Huu, additional, Yanai, Hideki, additional, Kilgore, Paul E., additional, Dang, Anh Duc, additional, and Ariyoshi, Koya, additional

Published
2011
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