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The ability to construct three-dimensional architectures via nanoscale engineering is important for emerging applications in sensors, catalysis, controlled drug delivery, microelectronics, and medical diagnostics nanotechnologies. Because of their well-defined and highly organized symmetric structures, viral plant capsids provide a 3D scaffold for the precise placement of functional inorganic particles yielding advanced hierarchical hybrid nanomaterials. In this study, we used turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV), grafting gold nanoparticles (AuNP) or iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) onto its outer surface. It is the first time that such an assembly was obtained with IONP. After purification, the resulting nano-biohybrids were characterized by different technics (dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microcopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy...), showing the robustness of the architectures and their colloidal stability in water. In-solution photothermal experiments were then successfully conducted on TYMV-AuNP and TYMV-IONP, the related nano-biohybrids, evidencing a net enhancement of the heating capability of these systems compared to their free NP counterparts. These results suggest that these virus-based materials could be used as photothermal therapeutic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research increasingly shows that the rapid growth of digital technology has added unprecedented affordances for many English as a foreign language (EFL) learners to advance their English proficiency beyond the classrooms. However, it is not yet well understood if Vietnamese English major (EMajor) students (who have English as their discipline), and non-English major (NEMajor) students (who have English as a minor curriculum component), differ in their language learning beyond the classrooms (LLBC). Drawing on the LLBC framework, this qualitative study reports on the LLBC experiences of Vietnamese EMajor and NEMajor students. Data were obtained through LLBC diaries using the Diaro application and stimulated recall interviews and coded thematically according to the LLBC dimensions. The findings showed that LLBC was predominantly mediated digitally. The EMajor students had higher levels of LLBC engagement and selected English-only resources more frequently than did their NEMajor peers. However, many students from both cohorts faced challenges using English-only resources; in contrast, they learned more effectively with bilingual resources. This study suggests that it is essential for researchers, educational policymakers and teachers to understand the characteristics of EMajor and NEMajor students' LLBC ecologies to enhance their language learning experiences inside and outside the classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motorcycle taxis play an important role in many developing countries, particularly in servicing areas where conventional public transport is not available. This form of transport has become more popular in recent years since online ride-hailing companies launched motorcycle taxi services. However, little is known about traffic crash risks among app-based motorcycle taxi riders. This study therefore aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with road traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxi riders. A field survey and online survey were undertaken to obtain information about riders' socio-demographics, work patterns, travel behaviour and crash involvement. A total of 602 valid survey responses from riders were obtained across three cities in Vietnam, including 571 males and 31 females. The overall reported prevalence of road traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxi riders over a one-year period was 30%. Binary logistic regression modelling showed that traffic crashes were associated with non-students, low education levels, high daily travel distances, regular smoking, and using a mobile phone while driving. Despite regulation of online ride-hailing motorcycle taxi services in Vietnam, the reported prevalence of crashes among riders is considered to be relatively high. Targeted interventions to reduce the risk of being involved in a crash should be considered, such as increasing road safety education for non-student riders and imposing a daily travel distance limit for riders. • Little is known about traffic crash risks among app-based motorcycle taxi riders. • This study aims to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with road traffic crashes among app-based riders. • A total of 602 valid survey responses were obtained across three cities in Vietnam. • The overall prevalence of road traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxi riders over a one-year period was 30%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In-paper flexible SERS chips were simply prepared by immersing pieces of filter paper into colloidal silver nanoparticle (e-AgNP) solution for 24 h and drying naturally at room temperature. Characteristic properties of cellulose fibers allowed the paper-based chips to be available for two sample collecting approaches. Being hydrophilic but insoluble in water, the chips were convenient to be dipped into aqueous media to collect soluble target analytes. Besides, they could "stick" on wet surfaces and bend along them to grab analytes. Hence, they were employed for in-situ detection of methylene blue dye in river water using "dip and dry" method and thiram pesticide on apple skin using "paste and peel off" procedure, resulting in detection limit of 10−10 M with excellent recovery rates of 93–104% and 86–93%, respectively. Therefore, the e-AgNPs-based in-paper SERS chips have served as a versatile tool for a large range of samples. More importantly, simple procedures of SERS chip preparation and sample collecting do not require the use of any complex equipment or expert operators. It can bring SERS techniques a step closer to real applications. [Display omitted] • In-paper flexible SERS chips were simply fabricated by immersing pieces of filter paper into electrochemically-synthesized silver nanoparticle (e-AgNPs) solution for 24 h and then being dried at room temperature. • The as-prepared SERS chips are convenient for two on-site sample collecting approaches: "dip and dry" method for liquid samples as well as "paste and peel off" method for surfaces. • In the "dip and dry" approach, the SERS chips could be employed to detect methylene blue in river water at concentrations as low as 1.0 × 10−10 M • In the "paste and peel off" approach, the SERS chips were effective to sense thiram on apple skin at concentrations down to 1.0 × 10−10 M (∼2.4 × 10−13 g/cm2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corrigendum to "Exploring the prevalence and factors associated with self-reported traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxis in Vietnam" [Transport Pol. 81, 68-74, 2019] B Six factors b were found to be significantly associated with the prevalence of road traffic crashes. On page 72, the authors noted three errors in Table 3: - The coefficient of "Smoking status: Regularly" was incorrectly reported as " B -1.177 b ". [Extracted from the article]

The market for commercially produced complementary foods (CPCF) is rapidly expanding in Southeast Asia; however, the existence and content of mandatory national policies, standards and legislation (binding legal measures) for CPCF in the region is unclear. To assess the status of national binding legal measures for CPCF in Southeast Asia, a legal and policy desk review was conducted in seven countries (Cambodia, Laos People's Democratic Republic, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam). The alignment of the national binding legal measures relevant to CPCF was assessed against guidance on CPCF nutrient composition and labelling requirements provided by Codex Alimentarius and the World Health Organization (WHO). Each of the seven countries had at least two national binding legal measures related to the nutrient composition or labelling of CPCF; however, there was limited alignment with the guidance from Codex and WHO. No country was fully aligned with the three CPCF‐specific Codex standards/guidelines and only one country was in full alignment with the recommendations related to the protection of breastfeeding from the 'WHO Guidance on ending the inappropriate promotion of foods for infants and young children'. The findings of the review indicate that the existing national binding legal measures are insufficient to ensure that the CPCF sold as suitable for older infants and young children are nutritionally adequate and labelled in a responsible manner that does not mislead caregivers. Improved and enforced national binding legal measures for CPCF, in alignment with global guidance, are required to ensure that countries protect, promote and support optimal nutrition for children 6–36 months of age. Key messages: Given the proliferation of commercially produced complementary foods (CPCF) in Southeast Asia, national binding legal measures are essential to ensure CPCF are nutritionally suitable for older infants and young children (IYC), and are labelled in a manner that does not mislead caregivers.All seven Southeast Asian countries included in this review were found to have at least two national binding legal measures related to the nutrient composition and/or labelling practices of CPCF. However, there was limited alignment between these binding legal measures and the available guidance documents.No country was fully aligned with the six relevant Codex Alimentarius (Codex) standards and only one country was fully aligned with guidance from the World Health Organization (WHO). Existing binding legal measures do not ensure that CPCF are nutritionally adequate and labelled in a responsible way that enables caregivers to make healthy choices for older IYC.Countries in Southeast Asia urgently require consolidated guidance on how to develop appropriate, legally binding and enforceable standards for CPCF nutrient composition and labelling. Existing guidance is fragmented and Codex standards are outdated and insufficient for this purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• App-based motorcycle taxi services have become increasingly popular in recent years. • A total of 602 valid survey responses were obtained across three cities in Vietnam. • 30% of drivers reported to be involved in at least one crash/fall during last year. • This study explores risky behaviours associated with active crash/fall involvement. Motorcycle taxi services provide an important mobility option for people in developing countries. With the emergence of new transport technologies, app-based motorcycle taxi services have become increasingly popular in recent years. However, little is known about risky driving behaviours and their association with traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxi drivers. Through a survey of 602 app-based motorcycle taxi drivers from three cities in Vietnam, this research aimed to investigate the incidence of risky driving behaviours and their association with driver characteristics and traffic crashes. Using a mobile phone while driving was found to be the most common risky driving behaviour (52%) among app-based motorcycle taxi drivers, followed by neglecting to use turn signals (31%), encroaching car lanes (25%), exceeding the speed limit (21%), running red lights (19%) and carrying more than one passenger (17%). In addition, drivers who were students, or those who worked more than 50 h per week, were found to be more likely to engage in risky driving behaviours. Binary logistic regression modelling showed that neglecting to use turn signals, carrying more than one passenger and smoking while driving was significantly associated with self-reported active crash/fall involvement. Turn signal neglect was also associated with active injury crash/fall involvement. The incidence of risky driving behaviours and associated crash involvement was found to be lower among app-based motorcycle taxi drivers compared with regular motorcyclists, yet the findings still highlight the need for ride-hailing firms to deliver improved education and road safety training for their drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This paper aims to clarify the differences between students' travel behaviours in Australia and China and the association between students' environmental attitudes and their travel behaviours in both countries.Design/methodology/approach The paper extensively reviewed most of existing literature work on commuting patterns of higher education students with referring to different studies around the world and then used it to build a theoretical framework and conceptual model to relate the travel patterns of students to built environment, personal demographics and environmental knowledge/consideration. An online survey was used with 230 students at Mawson Lakes campus of University of South Australia and Beiyangyuan campus of Tianjin University (China). Statistical tests (i.e. mean test, one-way analysis of variance, factor analysis) were used to analyse the data.Findings The study reveals that a high dependence on private vehicles amongst students at the Mawson Lakes campus, whilst a more environmentally sustainable modal choice dominated at the Beiyangyuan campus. Those who studied at Mawson Lakes campus tended to have stronger involvement in environmental activities than their counterparts at Beiyangyuan campus, which presented a clear association between environmental awareness and the travel behaviours of the sampled students.Research limitations/implications The study focussed on two respective campuses of both universities in Australia and China. Future work could be expanded with students at all campuses of two universities.Practical implications The study affirmed the value of nurturing environmental awareness for students in both universities to encourage more environmentally sustainable travel behaviours amongst students. The paper provides policy recommendations such as establishing infrastructure, and facilities for new stream of mobility included sharing bike schemes, which would be very practical due to flexibility and cost effectiveness within University campuses. The paper attempted to transfer lessons from Chinese bike friendly society to Adelaide's car dominated campus.Originality/value This study brings remarkable contributions as comparing university students' travel behaviours in two different nations. It is the first one in Australia, which links the environmental concerns among university students with their travel behaviours. The paper was successful in getting the gap between theory and practice filled to some extent. The paper has a capability to be used as an evidence-base work in the area of sustainability education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates that combine multiple advanced features in synergy is highly desirable for the SERS technique, however, it has been a long-standing challenge due to inherent trade-offs in feature selection. For instance, while nanoplasmonic surface functionalization bolsters attraction to target analytes, it simultaneously introduces barriers to direct contact. Similarly, the intrinsic hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature of substrates often limits their sensing effectiveness across a wide range of analyte types. Here, we demonstrate a smart 3D Ag-decorated TiO 2 nanostructure, an advanced synergistic SERS substrate, created by controlling the formation of Ag nanoparticles on functionalized TiO 2 nanomaterials, which integrates four unique features: uniform hotspot distribution, efficient analyte trapping, accessible plasmonic surfaces, and dual-phase detection. This design brings unachieved sensor efficiency across a diverse array of analytes with varying sizes and hydrophobicity. Moreover, our design exhibits a novel dual-phase detection capability within mixtures of hydrophilic and hydrophobic analytes. As a proof-of-concept, our results highlight the potential of designing SERS substrates with multiple advanced features that work synergistically, enabling trace detection of a broader range of analyte types in various environments. More broadly, we anticipate that this work paves the way for the development of other nanomaterials that are capable of attracting diverse molecules while retaining key features such as accessible plasmonic surfaces and wide-area ordered hotspot distribution. Such nanomaterials could be powerful for advanced applications in hotspot engineering, surface analysis, catalysis, and plasmon-mediated reactions. [Display omitted] • Smart 3D Ag-decorated TiO 2 nanostructure, an advanced synergistic SERS substrate, has been successfully fabricated. • Integrating multiple unique features, this structure overcomes inherent trade-offs in feature selection during fabrication. • This substrate demonstrates exceptional detection efficiency for diverse analytes with varying natural properties. • The SERS substrate exhibits a novel dual-phase detection capability within mixtures of hydrophilic and hydrophobic analytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]