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With better quality of life, obesity is becoming a worldwide disease due to over-eating and sedentary lifestyle. Therefore, daily monitoring of the glucose and body fat percentage (%) is vital to keep track of one’s health. Currently, separated devices are required to monitor each parameter at home and some are still invasive to measure the glucose level. In this study, a portable band-shaped bioimpedance system is proposed to measure both parameters. The system is battery run with two main modules: the current source and the voltage recording, with minimal design to fit into a band of 150 mm x 40 mm in dimension. The impedance is measured at the frequency of 1 kHz at 30 kHz sampling frequency and in 1000 signal cycles to flatten noises. The final average impedance is calculated and evaluated in correlation with the body fat and the fasting glucose. The system was tested on 21 volunteers and 4 locations were picked for the impedance measurement: the arm under the triceps, the side of the belly, the back on one side and the thigh under the bicep femoris. The results show promising results with the arm being the best location for predicting the body fat (correlation coefficient: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.73-0.95), while the thigh impedance best correlated with the fasting glucose (correlation coefficient: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.81-0.97). These preliminary results indicate the feasibility and capacity of the proposed system as a home-based, portable and convenient system in monitoring the body fat and glucose. The system’s performance will be verified and replicated in a future larger study.

Fusarium proliferatum has been identified as the causal pathogen of Fusarium root rot of Ba kich (Morinda officinalis) (FRRBK). No studies are available regarding the effectiveness of chemical treatments on the disease incidence of FRRBK. The efficacy of five active ingredients (metconazole, prochloraz, tebuconazole, kresoximmethyl, and pyraclostrobin) from two chemical groups (demethylation inhibitors and quinone outside inhibitors) in reducing three isolates (BKVN, BKDT, and BKPL) of F. proliferatum mycelial growth was tested in vitro. The results indicate that only metconazole, prochloraz, and tebuconazole are highly effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of F. proliferatum. These were selected for investigation of their efficacy with regard to the disease incidence of FRRBK in pot and in field conditions. Prochloraz and metconazole showed the highest efficacy and significantly suppressed the disease incidence of FRRBK in pot and in field conditions.

Abstract Background Fusarium root rot disease in Indian mulberry (Morinda officinalis How.) (FRRBK), caused by Fusarium proliferatum (FP), is widespread and responsible for serious economic losses in Viet Nam. The efficacy of a new bio-product named MICROTECH-1(NL) is compared with other commercial products for suppression of FP under in vitro, pot, nursery as well as in the field conditions. Results In in vitro antagonistic assay, MICROTECH-1(NL) significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of FP (72.38%). Under pot conditions, the efficacy of all the bio-products was significantly higher when applied prior to pathogen inoculation. The disease severity of treatments with double application of MICROTECH-1(NL) (applied both in the nursery and in the pot soil) was only 15.56%, significantly lower than control (80%). Thus, the application of MICROTECH-1(NL) significantly reduced the incidence of FP and markedly increased the number of plant beneficial bacteria and actinobacteria in rhizoplane of M. officinalis compared to untreated control. In the field conditions, double application of MICROTECH-1(NL) (both in the nursery and in the field soils) significantly decreased disease severity in comparison to single application in nursery or field. Conclusion The most effective treatment was double application of MICROTECH-1(NL), which significantly reduced the disease severity and FP population in roots of M. officinalis and increased the population of plant beneficial microbes.

Anomaly detection in the sound from machines is an important task in machine monitoring. An autoencoder architecture based on the reconstruction error using a log-Mel spectrogram feature is a conventional approach for this domain. However, because of the non-stationary nature of some sounds from the target machine, such a conventional approach does not perform well in those circumstances. In this paper, we propose a novel approach regarding the choice of used features and a new auto-encoder architecture. We created the Mixed Feature, which is a mixture of different sound representations, and a new deep learning method called Fully-Connected U-Net, a form of autoencoder architecture. With experiments on the same dataset as the baseline system, using the same architecture for all types of machines, the experimental results showed that our methods outperformed the baseline system in terms of the AUC and pAUC evaluation metrics. The optimized model achieved 83.38% AUC and 64.51% pAUC on average overall machine types on the developed dataset and outperformed the published baseline by 13.43% AUC and 8.13% pAUC.

The plating industry is one of the causes of hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) pollution in surface water, raising problems for human health and other living things. In this study, we synthesized CoFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles and coated them with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a commonly used cationic surfactant, to form CTAB/CoFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposite for Cr (VI) adsorptive removal application from aqueous solution. Characteristic properties of CTAB/CoFe2O4 were examined using scanning electron spectrometry, surface area apparatus, X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, zeta potential analyzer, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The CTAB/CoFe2O4 had superparamagnetic properties, being easily isolated from an aqueous solution and well regenerated by an external magnet. Besides, the CTAB molecules anchored onto the Co2FeO4 nanoparticle surfaces could increase the positive charge and thus facilitate the electrostatic interaction with the Cr (VI) anions. Accordingly, the CTAB/CoFe2O4 reached the Cr (VI) adsorption efficiency of 89%, two times higher than the pure CoFe2O4, at an optimal pH of 2, an adsorbent dose of 1 g/L, and an initial Cr (VI) concentration of 10 mg/L. The CTAB/CoFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposite would promise a high potential for Cr (VI) treatment from plating wastewater with simple separation, good adsorption capacity, and an inexpensive, nontoxic production process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of the rear in warfare, particularly in the context of Vietnam's 30-year resistance against the French and the Americans from 1945 to 1975, cannot be overstated. The rear area, which encompasses a vast range of activities, proved to be crucial in determining the success or failure of the conflict. During this period, the Vinh Linh Rear in Quang Tri, Vietnam, from 1965 to 1975, emerged as a paradigmatic example of how the rear operations could significantly impact the outcome of the war. It demonstrated remarkable achievements in various domains such as construction, economic development, culture, and societal organization. Moreover, Vinh Linh's rear area effectively deployed the people's war strategy, successfully resisting attacks from the air force, navy, and U.S. spy and commando operations. This not only ensured the safety of the populace but also provided support to the southern battlefield, particularly the Tri Thien theater. The Vinh Linh rear area's ability to combine economic development with military defense, social cohesion, and cultural resilience illustrates the multifaceted nature of rear operations in a protracted conflict. Its successes serve as a testament to the importance of comprehensive rear support in achieving strategic objectives in warfare. The article utilizes statistical research methods, along with incorporating several other methodologies such as classification method, retrospective method, periodic method, structuralsystematic method, and comparative method. Delving deeply and comprehensively into the rear area, particularly Vinh Linh's rear area, during the resistance against the United States, is a significant and essential subject matter. Therefore, in the forthcoming period, it is imperative to have numerous research projects focusing on this content to extract valuable lessons and experiences in the endeavor to construct and safeguard the nation in the current context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a paucity of data regarding initial bacterial colonization on admission to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Patients admitted to ICUs in LMICs are at high-risk of subsequent infection with antimicrobial-resistant organisms (AROs). We conducted a prospective, observational study at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam from November 2014 to January 2016 to assess the colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. among adult patients within 48 hours of ICU admission. We found the admission colonization prevalence (with at least one of the identified organisms) was 93.7% (785/838) and that of AROs was 63.1% (529/838). The colonization frequency with AROs among patients admitted from the community was comparable to those transferred from other hospitals (62.2% vs 63.8%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly isolated bacteria from nasal swabs (13.1%, 110/838) and the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization prevalence was 8.6% (72/838). We isolated Escherichia coli from rectal swabs from almost all enrolled patients (88.3%, 740/838) and 52.1% (437/838) of patients were colonized by extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli. Notably, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated bacteria from the tracheal swabs (11.8%, 18/153). Vietnamese ICU patients have a high rate of colonization with AROs and are thus at risk of subsequent infections with these organisms if good infection control practices are not in place.

The article delves into a comprehensive exploration of the existing regulatory landscape concerning the rights of defense for commercial legal entities accused in Vietnam. By thoroughly analyzing the current Vietnam penal procedure law provisions on the right to self-defense and seeking legal counsel for accused commercial legal entities, the article sheds light on the legal framework's intricacies in this context. This scrutiny is vital in ensuring that the fundamental principles of justice and fairness are upheld in the legal proceedings of such cases. By engaging in an in-depth analysis of the legal framework, the authors aim to gain a deeper understanding of the practical implications of these laws within the context of real-world legal proceedings. Through this approach, the article strives to provide a holistic understanding of the challenges and opportunities that arise when protecting the rights of these entities facing criminal accusations. The authors employ a comparative methodology to bolster their findings, evaluating the rights of defense for charged individuals and commercial legal entities. By juxtaposing the rights afforded to individuals facing charges with those granted to commercial legal entities, the article identifies potential limitations within the current legal provisions. This approach helps highlight any disparities or gaps in legal protection, providing a foundation for advocating for more robust legal safeguards for commercial legal entities accused of criminal conduct. Building upon their insightful analysis, the authors offer practical solutions tailored to address the unique challenges commercial legal entities face in the legal landscape. These solutions encompass a spectrum of legal and procedural enhancements, all aimed at ensuring the protection of commercial legal entities' legitimate rights and interests, thereby establishing a more balanced and equitable legal environment for all parties involved in criminal legal proceedings. Crucially, the proposed solutions serve to protect the rights of commercial legal entities and maintain the fairness and integrity of the entire legal process. By strengthening the rights of defense for these entities, the authors contend that the overall fairness of case settlements can be improved. The article emphasizes that a just and wellbalanced legal system is crucial for maintaining public trust in the criminal justice system. In conclusion, the article's exploration of the regulations concerning the rights of defense for commercial legal entities accused in Vietnam is a timely and significant endeavor that addresses a crucial aspect of the legal system. Through a meticulous analysis of the existing legal provisions, a comparative assessment to uncover potential limitations, and the presentation of practical solutions, the authors contribute to the ongoing discourse surrounding the enhancement of legal safeguards for commercial legal entities. This ensures the protection of their rights and plays a pivotal role in maintaining the credibility and fairness of the broader criminal case settlement process. By advocating for these improvements, the authors underscore their commitment to fostering a legal environment where justice, fairness, and equitable treatment are paramount. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]