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In the present work, the compositions of the 27 triacylglycerols (TAGs) as well as fatty acid composition of Chilopsis linearis seed oil were determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with diode array and mass spectrometric detections. It was shown that the main conjugated acid in the seed oil is a catalpic acid, (9E,11E,13Z)-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid, while two unusual fatty acids have the parameters satisfying the literature data for (10E,12E)-octadeca-10,12-dienoic and (9E,12E)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acids. For the two conjugated acid substituents the isosbestic point (at 234 nm) was found and was used to calculate the ratios of TAGs with different chromophores in the oil, taking into account the peak areas on the oil chromatogram.

Methods for the separation and UV detection of Sapium discolor seed oil estolides and triacylglycerols by traditional analytical as well as by microcolumn reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography approaches were developed. For the separation, the columns filled with Kromasil 100-5C18 sorbent were used together with the "propanol-2 – acteonitrile" mobile phase systems. The oil composition was calculated on the basis of the incremental approach. The propositions were confirmed by the mass-spectrometric and the electronic spectra data. The oil was shown to be composed of the traditional α-linolenic, linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acids, and two unusual acids that match the literature data about their structure. Due to the presence of the acid radical with the chromophore O=COR1-CH=CH-CH=CHR2 composition in all estolides, the sensitive and the selective detection of the compounds was possible at the wavelength of 266 nm. This method of detection was a good alternative to the detection at 210 nm, allowing the detection of not only the estolides but also the triacylglycerols, although with approximately threefold reduced sensitivity. The experiment indicated the reduction of the total efficiency (as a number of theoretical plates) in the swap of traditional by microcolumn HPLC, and the subsequent method was proposed to separate the unseparated peaks that occur during this exchange by using the Magicplot student 2.7.2 software. This was achieved with good performance results of the qualitative and quantitative determination of the relative amounts of estolides in the oil.Key words: RP-HPLC, HPLC, microcolumn chromatography, triacylglycerols, estolides, UV detection, deconvolution of complex peaks, Magicplot student 2.7.2.(Russian)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.1.003Anh Van Nguyen1, V.I. Deineka1, Long Quoc Pham2, Phuong Lan Doan2,L.А. Deineka1 1Belgorod National Research University, Pobeda str., 85, Belgorod, Russian Federation, 308015.2 Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Viet Nam, 122300, Разработаны условия разделения и УФ-детектирования эстолидов (триацилглицерины с одним олигомерным радикалом кислоты) и триацилглицеринов масла семян Sapium discolor в условиях традиционной аналитической и микроколоночной обращенно-фазовой высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии. Для разделения использовали колонки, заполненные сорбентом Kromasil 100-5C18, и подвижные фазы системы «пропанол-2 – ацетонитрил». С использованием инкрементного подхода рассчитан и в дальнейшем подтвержден анализом электронных и масс-спектров видовой состав компонентов масла. Показано, что масло содержит радикалы традиционных α-линоленовой, линолевой, олеиновой, пальмитиновой и стеариновой кислот и двух необычных, параметры которых удовлетворяют литературным данным об их строении. Благодаря присутствию во всех эстолидах радикала кислоты с хромофором состава O=COR1-CH=CH-CH=CHR2 возможно чувствительное селективное детектирование эстолидов при длине волны 266 нм. Этот способ детектирования является хорошим дополнением к детектированию при 210 нм, позволяющему обнаруживать не только эстолиды, но и триацилглицерины, хотя и примерно со втрое сниженной чувствительностью. Экспериментально оценено снижение суммарной эффективности (по числу теоретических тарелок) при переходе от колонок с диаметром 4-4.6 мм к микроколоночной ВЭЖХ и предложен способ разделения неразделенных пиков возникающих при этом за счет использования специальной программы Magicplot student 2.7.2, с хорошими характеристиками результатов определения относительных количеств эстолидных компонентов масла.Ключевые слова: обращенно-фазовая ВЭЖХ, микроколоночная ВЭЖХ, триацилглицерины, эстолиды, УФ-детектирование, разделение сложных пиков, Magicplot student 2.7.2.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.1.003

Natural products play an important role in medicine and human healthcare and, as a result, drugs that are derived from natural resources are increasingly being used for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Vietlife-Antican (VLA) is a novel combination of curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles, ginger oleoresin solid lipid nanoparticles, and rutin solid lipid nanoparticles, which all possess low toxicity and enhanced bioavailabilities. To clarify the antitumor effects of this product, cytotoxic tests of VLA were conducted in various cancer cell lines in vitro and in an in vivo tumorized mouse model induced by Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. VLA expressed some cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells (MCF7), hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2), lung cancer cells (SK-LU-1), colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (SW480), and human leukemia cells (HL-60). Additionally, LLC tumor-bearing mice treated with VLA (600 mg/kg body weight [bw]) exhibited significant reductions in tumor growth ( P < 0.05), a longer mean survival time (34.05 days), and improved liver function. Furthermore, a combination of VLA (200 mg/kg bw) and cisplatin strongly suppressed tumor development and increased mean survival time ( P < 0.05). Interestingly, cotreatment with VLA and cisplatin also induced the serum production of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10, which are important antitumor and anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively, in tumorized mice. Taken together, the present results suggest that VLA may be a very promising and efficient phytochemical product that can support cancer treatment or therapy.

Estimating the panel gravity model with bilateral pair and country-by-time fixed-effects separately for each seafood product, we found that food safety regulations have differential effects across seafood products. In all three industrialized markets, shrimp is most sensitive, while fish is the least sensitive to changing food safety policies. The enforcement of the US HACCP, the EU Minimum Required Performance Level and the Japanese Food Safety Basic Law caused a loss of 90.45%, 99.47%, and 99.97% to shrimp trade in these markets, and a reduction associated with fish trade was 66.71%, 82.83%, and 89.32%.