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This study investigated the chemical components and bioactivities of acetone leaf extracts of nine Annonaceae plants collected in the Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Vietnam. A total of 182 constituents were identified, with linolenic acid, diaeudesmin, germacrene D, 1-octadecenoic acid, 8-(3-octyl-2-oxiranyl)-1-octanol, oleic acid, and phenylmethyl ester being the major compounds. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated using a disc diffusion assay. Eight of the nine extracts, except for the Mitrephora thorelii extract, showed an inhibition effect against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined using DPPH assay, and the cytotoxic activity was deter mined using SRB assay. The results showed that the acetone extracts of Artabotrys hexapetalus, Uvularia grandiflora, Polyalthia luensis, Xylopia pierrei, Sphaerocoryne affinis, Desmos cochinchinensis, Uvaria littoralis, Mitrephora thorelii, and Goniothalamus touranensis had significant activity with IC50 for the DPPH radical scavenging activity ranging from 18.56 to 702.33 μg/mL, and the IC50 for the cytotoxic effects ranged from 5.39 to 251.77 μg/mL. Overall, the results obtained provide experimental evidence for the potential use of these plants in medicine and other related fields.

A new γ-butenoid, (Z)-6-acetylsphaerodol (2), along with seven known compounds, (4E)-7- benzoyloxy-6-hydroxy-2,4-heptadien-4-olide (1), (6S)-melodorinol (3), (6S)-acetylmelodorinol (4), (Z)- sphaerodiol (5), (Z)-7-acetylsphaerodol (6), dichamanetin (7), and pinocembrin (8), were isolated and structurally elucidated from Uvaria siamensis growing in Thailand. Their chemical structures were assigned by extensive spectroscopy (NMR and HRESIMS), as well as comparisons with the previous literature. Compounds 1-8 were evaluated for the antimicrobial activity against two multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, 23Sa1 and SA-ATCC. Compounds 4 and 6 displayed moderate activity with inhibitory zones of 13 and 12 mm against 23Sa1 and SA-ATCC strains, respectively. Compounds 3 and 7 exhibited significant efficacy, displaying IC50 values of 157.7 and 94.2 μM, respectively, against α-glucosidase. According to the docking data, compounds 3 and 7 have a greater influence on binding contacts with the α-glucosidase active pocket, thereby affecting the inhibitory activity of the enzyme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]