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Zielsetzung: Klinisch-praktische Fertigkeiten zeichnen sich vielfach durch das Einhalten von Abläufen aus. Dabei können sich Fehler oder Unvollständigkeiten in der Ausführung nachteilig auf die weitere Behandlung von PatientInnen auswirken. Im webbasierten studentischen kompetenzorientierten[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Gemeinsame Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA) und des Arbeitskreises zur Weiterentwicklung der Lehre in der Zahnmedizin (AKWLZ)

Verbal vintage descriptions in a historical wine chronicle (809-1904) of the Luxembourgish winegrowing region were assigned to five wine quality and three wine quantity classes. To calibrate models describing the impact of the seasonal heat consumption on wine quality and quantity, instrumental records from Luxembourg-City in a reference period (1854-1885) and the associated vintage quality and quantity classes were correlated. Dummy regression models showed, that in the reference period the wine quality classes assigned were significantly correlated with the annual modified heliothermic index values (representing the heat consumption) (R2adj.= 0.55, p = 0.0002); whereas, the incorporation of the wine quantity as additional predictor variable did not significantly improve model output. Based on linear correlations between annual thermal conditions and wine quality descriptions, average April-September temperatures were reconstructed for the period 1200-1904. Running averages calculated using LOESS smoothing showed that periods with cooler and warmer climatic conditions alternated in the past centuries. Even though a precise reconstruction of the annual temperature conditions solely based on vintage descriptions is not possible due to the broad set of potentially interfering effects, long-term climatic trends described in the literature such as the Medieval Climate Optimum and the Little Ice Age could be retrieved., VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 55 No. 1 (2016): Vitis

Cribriform areas are common features of both adenoid cystic carcinoma and polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma. Both are malignant salivary gland tumors that share similar histologic patterns, but with marked distinct clinical behavior. This study was undertaken to improve the accuracy of the histopathology diagnostic process, using an immunohistochemical panel to differentiate adenoid cystic carcinoma from polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, with special concern to the common cribriform areas shared by these tumors. Three-microm serial sections of these tumors were submitted to the streptavidin-biotin peroxidase immunotechnique against the monoclonal antibodies anticytokeratins 7, 8, 14 and 19, and anti-integrins beta1, beta3, and beta4. In the neoplastic lobules of adenoid cystic carcinoma cribriform type, the spaces were mainly surrounded by cells negative for the cytokeratins and integrins studied. In the solid type of adenoid cystic carcinoma, the microcystic areas were caused by spaces lined by neoplastic luminal cells positive for cytokeratins and presenting integrins concentrated in the apical pole of these cells. The cribriform areas of polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma were composed of cords of luminal cells, positive for cytokeratins and showing integrins disposed in a bipolar pattern. We concluded that cribriform areas of adenoid cystic carcinoma and polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma are histologically similar, although not identical. Indeed, their cellular composition is distinct and can be distinguishable from one another by the proteins of the cytoskeleton, by the integrins, or both.

Objective: To correlate the expression of cyclin D1, an oncogene, and p16, a tumor suppressor gene to the clinicopathological features of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: Formalin-fixed and paraffinembedded samples from 34 patients with primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were retrieved from the files of the Araújo Jorge Hospital from Goiânia, Brazil. Features such as TMN classification and anatomical site, were obtained from the patients' records. The immunohistochemistry technique was realized in the Oral Pathology Department, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Results and Conclusions: There was no correlation in the mean number of cyclin D1 positive nuclei and p16 with the clinicopathological features. Therefore, cyclin D1 was less expressed in OSCC of lower lips, and in T1 tumors. The results indicated that nuclear accumulation of p16 was not found to be of prognostic significance. The findings of cyclin D1 expression doesn't show an absolute prognostic marker that is also evidence from the p values. However, they suggest that higher level of cyclin D1 expression contributes, together with other activated oncongene, in the process of tumor progression. Objetivo: Avaliar a expressão imunoistoquímica da ciclina D1 e do p16 (proteínas envolvidas nas vias de proliferação celular e utilizadas para determinar o prognóstico de neoplasias malignas) em carcinoma epidermóide de boca. Correlacionar a imunomarcação com o sistema TNM (Tamanho do tumor, presença de linfonodo metastático e metástase à distância) e com sua localização anatômica. Métodos: Trinta e quatro (34) blocos de parafina contendo fragmentos de biópsia incisional de carcinomas epidermóides bucais primários foram obtidos no Hospital Araújo Jorge da Associação de Combate ao Câncer em Goiás. Os dados dos pacientes quanto à localização anatômica e o Sistema TNM foram coletados dos prontuários. A expressão das proteínas ciclina D1 e p16 foi verificada através da técnica imunoistoquímica utilizando a Streptoavidina-Biotina no Laboratório de Patologia Bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo (FOUSP). Resultados e Conclusões: Os resultados não revelaram diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o número médio de núcleos positivos para a ciclina D1 e os dados clínicos dos pacientes. Porém, uma menor porcentagem de marcação nos carcinomas de lábio inferior e menor expressão nos tumores classificados clinicamente como T1 foi encontrada. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o número médio de núcleos p16 positivos e os dados clínicos dos pacientes com carcinoma epidermóide de boca. Pode-se sugerir que houve um acúmulo nuclear de p16, mas este resultado não tem significância no prognóstico. Entretanto, os resultados da ciclina D1 não mostraram que ela é um marcador absoluto de prognóstico, mas sugerem que o aumento do nível de ciclina D1 contribui junto com outros oncogenes no processo de progressão tumoral.

To evaluate insulin release and insulin sensitivity in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to gain a better understanding of type 2 diabetes pathogenesis.GDM women were individually matched for age, body mass index, and waist/hip ratio with those who were normal glucose tolerant in a previous pregnancy (NGT). All women presented with normal glucose tolerance. Twenty pairs were submitted to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide determinations. Of the 20 pairs, 18 participated in hyperglycemic (10.0 mmol/l) clamp experiments with frequent plasma glucose and insulin determinations, allowing us to calculate first- and second-phase insulin release and the insulin sensitivity index. GDM and NGT women were compared using Student's t-test, the Mann-Whitney U-test, Friedman's non-parametric test, and the two proportion test for independent groups.GDM women showed higher glycosylated hemoglobin values; at OGTT, they showed late insulin peak with increased plasma insulin levels only during the second hour, and a similar plasma C-peptide response despite a higher plasma glucose curve; during hyperglycemic clamp procedures, they showed similar biphasic insulin release and insulin sensitivity index. Considering that a woman with previous GDM had a defect in insulin release and/or insulin sensitivity, if its magnitude was at least 25% lower than that of the matched NGT woman, 43.8% showed impairment of first-phase insulin release and 55.6% insulin resistance.GDM women showed some degree of glucose intolerance. It is therefore necessary to follow them for a longer time.

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se estudar a resistência genética ferrugem em híbridos F1 e Rei provenientes de combinações entre o Híbrido de Timor (originado do cruzamento interespecifico de Coffea arabica com Coffea carzephora) e o cultivar Catual (G. arabica ). C} trabalho foi realizado nos meses de fevereiro e março de 1X98. Foram avaliados, quanto reaçao à ferrugem, os 1 t progenitores (6 Híbridas de Timor: UFV ã7'ó,2, UFV 427-15, tJFV 439-2, UFV X40-22, UFV 445-4b e CIFC 832-i; e 5 Catuai: UFV 2143-193, UFV 2I43-236, UFV 2 44-32, UFV X144-35 e UFV 2144-36), due serviram de testemunhas, os 18 híbridos F1 e os I 07 híbridos RCS provenientes de suas combinaçcães, totalizando I36 tratamentos. Para avaliação da resistência genetica das plantas, foi realizado o teste em discos de falhas (16 discos de cada amostra). Cada disco foi inoculada com aproximadamente 1 mg de uredosporos da raça II de I1. vastatrix Berk. et Br.. As reaçães foram avaliadas 49 dias após a inoculatAo. Foi adotada a seguinte escala: 1- resistente, sem qualquer sinal de infecçâo; 2- resistente, com reação de hipersensibilidade ou com clorose e ausência de esporos; e 3- susceptivel, corn presença pie pústulas uredospóricas. O método de avaliaçdes em discam de folhas em laboratório foi eficiente, com reduzida perda de discos (em média, 0,81 disci por gerbox). Das 10? plantas RCS avaliadas, 81 foram resistentes e apenas 26 apresentaram-se susceptiveis á doença Além das testemunhas Catuai, observou-se queo Híbrida de Timor UFV 427-15 também mostrou-se susceptível â ria estudada, sendo susceptiveis todas as seis plantas RCS provenientes cie seus cruzamentos. Os híbridos F1, provenientes de combinações entre Catuai e Híbrido de Timor, apresentardtn resistência raça Ti, com exceção da híbrido UFV 415-2. Dentre as plantas RC1 resistentes, tomando-se também dor base outras características observadas no campo, siarão selecionadas aquelas que seguïrdo no programa de melhoramento, nesta linha de pesquisa A backcross breeding was conducted to transfer leaf mst resistance genes from resistant hybrids to eomrnercíai cultivars of coffee trees. The genetic resistance of F; hybrid and BC; plants Born a crossing of Timor Hybrid (Cofee arabica x Cofea canephora) and Catuai (C. arabica) were studied. The experiment was conducted from February to March 1998, using leaf discs. After ieaf washing, 16 leaf dises &om web of 136 plants were placed (abaxial side up) in a gerbox. Race Ii of Hemileia vastarrâx was used becaese of its prevalence in the ãeld. Each disc was inoculated with approximately 1 mg of uredospores. Timor Hybríds (UFV 376-2, UFV 445-46, UFV 439-2, UFV 440- 22, CIFC 832-1, and UFV 427-15) and Cantai (UFV 2143-193, UFV 2143-236, UFV 2144-32, UFV 2144-35, and 2144-36) were used' as control. After 49 days, the disease symptoms were scored as the following 3 classes: l- resistant, without symptoms; 2- resistant, with incompatibility reaction or with formation of chlorotíe Spots without sperulation; and 3- susceptible, with large pustules with sporulation. All Catuaí controls were susceptible (class 3). With exception of UFV 427-15, all Timor Hybrid were resistant (class 1 or 2),: All F; hybrid cresses were resistant, with exception of UFV 415-2. Eighty-one out of 107 BC; plants were resistant (23 of class 1 and 58 of class 2). Twenty-six out of ' 10? were susceptíble (class 3), including all 6 EC; plants originated from UFV 427-15. Resistant BC; plants with superior field perfomance were selected for breeding purposes.