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1. Uso del Narlene para el Control del Nuche en el Ganado Vacuno

Author

Weaver. Earl, Posada S. Samuel, Swanson. L. E., Newland H. W., and Gonzalez A. Mario

Subjects
Nuche, Gusano, Plaga del ganado, Narlene, Nuchicida., Agriculture, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

Muchas de las plaga de nuestros ganados se vienen combatiendo con bastante éxito a partir de la última década o se puede decir lo mismo con respecto al nuche, cuyos daños siguen diezmando la capacidad productiva de la población vacuna del clima medio colombiano. En efecto, las zonas cafetera que son las más densamente pobladas en Colombia, se ven privadas de los beneficios que aportan las razas mejorada y aun las criollas, por la barrera que establece este parásito para poder desarrollar una mayor y más eficiente producción en, las regiones infestada por la plaga. El consumo de leche y de carne en los climas medios de Colombia es alarmantemente bajo y trae como consecuencia una alta mortalidad infantil debida a Ha desnutrición. Muchas regiones de Colombia no producen ni más leche ni más carne porque el nuche está impidiendo la ac1imatación de ganados que podrían redimir, al menos en parte, ese vasto conglomerado de campesinos, que es la fuente principal de la riqueza colombiana. El nuche causa innumerables daños en las ganaderías de clima, medios; los alimentos no se transforman eficientemente en carne y leche, las pieles pierden mucho valor comercial, hay alta morta1idad de terneros por causas indirectas y hasta directas, las razas especializadas no prosperan y a veces llegan a ser inferiores en producción a las criollas; aún estas no pueden producir el máximo porque e1 hecho de que un animal sea resistente a una plaga no implica que su producción sea igual o mayor que cuando la p1aga no existe. La casa Dow Chemical Co. ha estado ensayando un nuevo producto, el Narlene, para controlar el nuche. Como ese nuchicida dio resultados halagadores en pruebas preliminares, se decidió hacer una serie de experimento; en fincas localizadas en climas medios con alto grado de infestación para determinar la eficacia del producto, el tiempo de protección que ofrece y la posible ganancia en peso de, los animales tratados en una de las pruebas. Se emplearon cuatro fórmulas diferentes del Narlene; algunas de ellas se usaron únicamente en uno o dos ensayos, otras se administraron en forma diferente y únicamente dos de ellas se emplearon en los 4 ensayos. Cada prueba se hizo en distintas épocas del año y en fincas diferentes por un período aproximado de un año.

Published
1959

2. Impact of cardiometabolic factors on retinal vasculature: A 3 x 3, 6 x 6 and 8 x 8-mm ocular coherence tomography angiography study

Author

Sun, MT, Huang, S, Chan, W, Craig, JE, Knight, LSW, Sanders, P, Newland, H, Casson, R, Selva, D, Wong, CX, Sun, MT, Huang, S, Chan, W, Craig, JE, Knight, LSW, Sanders, P, Newland, H, Casson, R, Selva, D, and Wong, CX

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Ocular coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is available in varying size and resolution. We sought to characterise associations of cardiometabolic factors with retinal microvascular changes using 3 × 3, 6 × 6 and 8 × 8-mm OCTA scans to determine differences in detection with varying scan size. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 247 cardiovascular patients from a single-centre tertiary-care hospital. Demographic, comorbidity and medication data were obtained. Patients underwent 3 × 3, 6 × 6 and 8 × 8-mm macula OCTA scanning using Carl Zeiss CIRRUS HD-OCT Model 5000. Angioplex and AngioTool software was used to quantify vascular parameters in the superficial capillary plexus. RESULTS: Increasing age, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular disease were associated with reductions in vessel density, vessel perfusion, average vessel length and/or junction density in 3 × 3-mm OCTA (P < .05 for all). Conversely, smoking was associated with increased vessel density, vessel length and junction density in 3 × 3-mm OCTA (P < .05 for all). Associations of vessel abnormalities with cardiometabolic factors were progressively weakened and statistically attenuated in 6 × 6 and 8 × 8-mm OCTA scans. In multivariate analyses, dyslipidaemia remained an independent predictor of reduced vessel density, average vessel length and junction density (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Cardiometabolic factors are associated with multiple retinal microvascular changes in 3 × 3-mm OCTA scans. These associations were weakened and progressively attenuated in OCTA scans of larger 6 × 6 and 8 × 8-mm size. These findings advance our understanding of microcirculatory dysfunction and may have future implications for the screening and management of patients with cardiometabolic risk factors. Additional studies are required to further investigate these important associations.

Published
2021

10. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant in previously treated patients with diabetic macular edema: Subgroup analysis of the MEAD study

Author

Augustin, A. J., Kuppermann, B. D., Lanzetta, P., Loewenstein, A., X. -Y., Li, Cui, H., Hashad, Y., Whitcup, S. M., Abujamra, S., Acton, J., Ali, F., Antoszyk, A., Awh, C. C., Barak, A., Bartz-Schmidt, K. U., Baumal, C. R., Belfort, R. Jr., Bhende, M., Boyer, D. S., Bridges, W. Z. Jr., Brown, D. M., Carmichael, T., Carnevale, K., Casella, A. M., Chang, T., Chechik, D., Chen, S. -N., Chong, L. P., Chong, V., Corwin, J., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Cruess, A., Daniell, M., De Avila, M. P., De Moraes, H. V. Jr., Devenyi, R. G., Doft, B. H., Donaldson, M., Dreyer, R., Eliott, D., Engel, H. M., Ernest, J., Essman, T. F., Falcone, P. M., Fekrat, S., Ferencz, J. R., Ferreira, J. L., Figueira, J., Fiser, I., Foster, B., Fox, G. M., Freeman, W. R., Garg, S. P., Gillies, M., Glaser, D., Goldstein, B. G., Gomes, A. M. V., Gonder, J. R., Gopal, L., Gous, P., Gupta, A., Halperin, L., Han, D., Hariprasad, S. M., Holz, F. G., Kaiser, P., Kalvodova, B., Katz, B., Katz, R. S., Kecik, D., Kellaway, J., Klemperer, I., Lattanzio, R., Lee, W. -K., Lehr, J., Leys, M., Loose, I., Lotery, A., D. -W., Lu, Mccartney, P., Majji, A. B., Martinez, J. A., Massin, P., Maturi, R. K., Menchini, U., Menon, G., Michels, M., Midena, E., Miller, J. Jr., Mitchell, P., Moisseiev, J., Morse, L., Navarro, R., Nemeth, J., Newland, H., Newsom, R., Nichols, J., Orellana, J., Orzalesi, N., Paranhos, A. Jr., Park, R., Park, S., Parodi, M. B., Pavan, P. R., Peace, J., Perez-Ortiz, D. J., Pollack, A., Ramaswamy, K., Ratnakaram, R., Ravalico, G., Rehak, J., Rezaei, K., Rizzo, S., Rodriguez-Alvira, F. J., Romanet, J. -P., Rose, S., Rosen, R. B., Rossetti, L., Ruiz-Moreno, J. M., Sadda, S., Sall, K., Sandner, D., Sanz, A. F. -V., Sartani, G., Schmickler, S., Schwartz, S. D., Sharma, Y. R., Sheu, S. -J., Singer, M., Sivaprasad, S., Soubrane, G., Soucek, P., Souied, E. H., Staurenghi, G., Studnicka, J., Suarez-Figueroa, M., Takahashi, W. Y., Tognetto, D., Tsai, P. L., Ulanski, L. J., H. S., Uy, Varano, M., Veith, M., Vicha, I., Viola, F., Visser, L., Weinberger, D., Wing, G. L., Wong, E., Wong, T. Y., Wylegala, E., Yan, J., Yoon, Y. H., Young, L. H., H. G., Yu, Zimmer-Galler, I. E., Augustin, Aj, Kuppermann, Bd, Lanzetta, P, Loewenstein, A, Li, Xy, Cui, H, Hashad, Y, Whitcup, Sm, on behalf of for the Ozurdex MEAD Study, Group, Battaglia Parodi, M, Augustin, A. J., Kuppermann, B. D., Lanzetta, P., Loewenstein, A., Li, X. -Y., Cui, H., Hashad, Y., Whitcup, S. M., Abujamra, S., Acton, J., Ali, F., Antoszyk, A., Awh, C. C., Barak, A., Bartz-Schmidt, K. U., Baumal, C. R., Belfort, R., Bhende, M., Boyer, D. S., Bridges, W. Z., Brown, D. M., Carmichael, T., Carnevale, K., Casella, A. M., Chang, T., Chechik, D., Chen, S. -N., Chong, L. P., Chong, V., Corwin, J., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Cruess, A., Daniell, M., De Avila, M. P., De Moraes, H. V., Devenyi, R. G., Doft, B. H., Donaldson, M., Dreyer, R., Eliott, D., Engel, H. M., Ernest, J., Essman, T. F., Falcone, P. M., Fekrat, S., Ferencz, J. R., Ferreira, J. L., Figueira, J., Fiser, I., Foster, B., Fox, G. M., Freeman, W. R., Garg, S. P., Gillies, M., Glaser, D., Goldstein, B. G., Gomes, A. M. V., Gonder, J. R., Gopal, L., Gous, P., Gupta, A., Halperin, L., Han, D., Hariprasad, S. M., Holz, F. G., Kaiser, P., Kalvodova, B., Katz, B., Katz, R. S., Kecik, D., Kellaway, J., Klemperer, I., Lattanzio, R., Lee, W. -K., Lehr, J., Leys, M., Loose, I., Lotery, A., Lu, D. -W., Mccartney, P., Majji, A. B., Martinez, J. A., Massin, P., Maturi, R. K., Menchini, U., Menon, G., Michels, M., Midena, E., Miller, J., Mitchell, P., Moisseiev, J., Morse, L., Navarro, R., Nemeth, J., Newland, H., Newsom, R., Nichols, J., Orellana, J., Orzalesi, N., Paranhos, A., Park, R., Park, S., Parodi, M. B., Pavan, P. R., Peace, J., Perez-Ortiz, D. J., Pollack, A., Ramaswamy, K., Ratnakaram, R., Ravalico, G., Rehak, J., Rezaei, K., Rizzo, S., Rodriguez-Alvira, F. J., Romanet, J. -P., Rose, S., Rosen, R. B., Rossetti, L., Ruiz-Moreno, J. M., Sadda, S., Sall, K., Sandner, D., Sanz, A. F. -V., Sartani, G., Schmickler, S., Schwartz, S. D., Sharma, Y. R., Sheu, S. -J., Singer, M., Sivaprasad, S., Soubrane, G., Soucek, P., Souied, E. H., Staurenghi, G., Studnicka, J., Suarez-Figueroa, M., Takahashi, W. Y., Tognetto, D., Tsai, P. L., Ulanski, L. J., Uy, H. S., Varano, M., Veith, M., Vicha, I., Viola, F., Visser, L., Weinberger, D., Wing, G. L., Wong, E., Wong, T. Y., Wylegala, E., Yan, J., Yoon, Y. H., Young, L. H., Yu, H. G., and Zimmer-Galler, I. E.

Subjects
Male, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Visual acuity, Triamcinolone acetonide, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, Visual Acuity, Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Drug Implant, Triamcinolone Acetonide, Dexamethasone, Immunosuppressive Agent, Glucocorticoid, Diabetic retinopathy, Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant, Corticosteroid, Drug delivery, Implant, Macular edema, Aged, Diabetic Retinopathy, Drug Implants, Female, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Intravitreal Injections, Macular Edema, Middle Aged, Retreatment, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Ophthalmology, Tomography, General Medicine, medicine.symptom, medicine.drug, Angiogenesis Inhibitor, Human, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Subgroup analysis, medicine, business.industry, Intravitreal Injection, Cataract surgery, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Optical Coherence, business
Abstract

Dexamethasone intravitreal implant 0.7 mg (DEX 0.7) was approved for treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) after demonstration of its efficacy and safety in the MEAD registration trials. We performed subgroup analysis of MEAD study results to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DEX 0.7 treatment in patients with previously treated DME. Three-year, randomized, sham-controlled phase 3 study in patients with DME, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 34–68 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters (20/200–20/50 Snellen equivalent), and central retinal thickness (CRT) ≥300 μm measured by time-domain optical coherence tomography. Patients were randomized to 1 of 2 doses of DEX (0.7 mg or 0.35 mg), or to sham procedure, with retreatment no more than every 6 months. The primary endpoint was ≥15-letter gain in BCVA at study end. Average change in BCVA and CRT from baseline during the study (area-under-the-curve approach) and adverse events were also evaluated. The present subgroup analysis evaluated outcomes in patients randomized to DEX 0.7 (marketed dose) or sham based on prior treatment for DME at study entry. Baseline characteristics of previously treated DEX 0.7 (n = 247) and sham (n = 261) patients were similar. In the previously treated subgroup, mean number of treatments over 3 years was 4.1 for DEX 0.7 and 3.2 for sham, 21.5 % of DEX 0.7 patients versus 11.1 % of sham had ≥15-letter BCVA gain from baseline at study end (P = 0.002), mean average BCVA change from baseline was +3.2 letters with DEX 0.7 versus +1.5 letters with sham (P = 0.024), and mean average CRT change from baseline was −126.1 μm with DEX 0.7 versus −39.0 μm with sham (P

Published
2015

16. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant in previously treated patients with diabetic macular edema: Subgroup analysis of the MEAD study

Author

Augustin, AJ, Kuppermann, BD, Lanzetta, P, Loewenstein, A, Li, XY, Cui, H, Hashad, Y, Whitcup, SM, Abujamra, S, Acton, J, Ali, F, Antoszyk, A, Awh, CC, Barak, A, Bartz-Schmidt, KU, Baumal, CR, Belfort, R, Bhende, M, Boyer, DS, Bridges, WZ, Brown, DM, Carmichael, T, Carnevale, K, Casella, AM, Chang, T, Chechik, D, Chen, SN, Chong, LP, Chong, V, Corwin, J, Creuzot-Garcher, C, Cruess, A, Daniell, M, De Avila, MP, De Moraes, HV, Devenyi, RG, Doft, BH, Donaldson, M, Dreyer, R, Eliott, D, Engel, HM, Ernest, J, Essman, TF, Falcone, PM, Fekrat, S, Ferencz, JR, Ferreira, JL, Figueira, J, Fiser, I, Foster, B, Fox, GM, Freeman, WR, Garg, SP, Gillies, M, Glaser, D, Goldstein, BG, Gomes, AMV, Gonder, JR, Gopal, L, Gous, P, Gupta, A, Halperin, L, Han, D, Hariprasad, SM, Holz, FG, Kaiser, P, Kalvodova, B, Katz, B, Katz, RS, Kecik, D, Kellaway, J, Klemperer, I, Lattanzio, R, Lee, WK, Lehr, J, Leys, M, Loose, I, Lotery, A, Lu, DW, McCartney, P, Majji, AB, Martinez, JA, Massin, P, Maturi, RK, Menchini, U, Menon, G, Michels, M, Midena, E, Miller, J, Mitchell, P, Moisseiev, J, Morse, L, Navarro, R, Nemeth, J, Newland, H, Newsom, R, Nichols, J, Orellana, J, and Orzalesi, N

Subjects
genetic structures, eye diseases
Abstract

© 2015 Augustin et al. Background: Dexamethasone intravitreal implant 0.7 mg (DEX 0.7) was approved for treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) after demonstration of its efficacy and safety in the MEAD registration trials. We performed subgroup analysis of MEAD study results to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DEX 0.7 treatment in patients with previously treated DME. Methods: Three-year, randomized, sham-controlled phase 3 study in patients with DME, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 34.68 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters (20/200.20/50 Snellen equivalent), and central retinal thickness (CRT) ≥300 μm measured by time-domain optical coherence tomography. Patients were randomized to 1 of 2 doses of DEX (0.7 mg or 0.35 mg), or to sham procedure, with retreatment no more than every 6 months. The primary endpoint was ≥15-letter gain in BCVA at study end. Average change in BCVA and CRT from baseline during the study (area-under-the-curve approach) and adverse events were also evaluated. The present subgroup analysis evaluated outcomes in patients randomized to DEX 0.7 (marketed dose) or sham based on prior treatment for DME at study entry. Results: Baseline characteristics of previously treated DEX 0.7 (n = 247) and sham (n=261) patients were similar. In the previously treated subgroup, mean number of treatments over 3 years was 4.1 for DEX 0.7 and 3.2 for sham, 21.5 % of DEX 0.7 patients versus 11.1 % of sham had ≥15-letter BCVA gain from baseline at study end (P = 0.002), mean average BCVA change from baseline was +3.2 letters with DEX 0.7 versus +1.5 letters with sham (P = 0.024), and mean average CRT change from baseline was -126.1 μm with DEX 0.7 versus -39.0 μm with sham(P < 0.001). Cataract-related adverse events were reported in 70.3 % of baseline phakic patients in the previously treated DEX 0.7 subgroup; vision gains were restored following cataract surgery. Conclusions: DEX 0.7 significantly improved visual and anatomic outcomes in patients with DME previously treated with laser, intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide, or a combination of these therapies. The safety profile of DEX 0.7 in previously treated patients was similar to its safety profile in the total study population.

Published
2015

26. Risk factors for early angle-closure disease in a Burmese population: the Meiktila Eye Study.

Author

Casson, R. J., Marshall, D., Newland, H. S., McGovern, S., Muecke, J., Tan, E. W. H., Selva, D., and Aung, T.

Subjects
ANGLE-closure glaucoma, GLAUCOMA, CATARACT diagnosis, EYE examination, ANTERIOR chamber (Eye), SLIT lamp microscopy, MULTIVARIATE analysis, DIAGNOSIS, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

PurposeTo determine risk factors for early angle-closure disease (AD) in a Burmese population.MethodsA cross-sectional, population-based survey of the inhabitants, 40 years of age and over, from villages in the Meiktila District was performed; 2481 eligible participants were identified, 2076 participated in the study, and 2050 could be categorized as having early AD (defined by the presence of so-called occludable angles (<90 degrees of posterior trabecular meshwork visible on gonioscopy), but without glaucomatous optic neuropathy). The ophthalmic examination included Snellen visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, tonometry, gonioscopy, biometry, and dilated stereoscopic fundus examination.ResultsThe mean axial length (AL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) in those with occludable angles were 21.9 and 2.60 mm, respectively; in those with non-occludable angles, the corresponding lengths were 22.74 and 2.84 mm, respectively (P<0.001 for both comparisons). In the univariate analyses, age, female gender, nuclear and cortical cataract, steeper corneal curvature, more anterior lens position, and myopia were also significantly associated with occludability. In the multivariate analysis, age, AL, ACD, and nuclear cataract were significantly associated with occludability.ConclusionIn this Burmese population, those with occludable angles had significantly shorter ALs, ACDs, and thicker lenses than those without occludable angles. In multivariate analysis, increasing age, decreasing AL, decreasing ACD, and nuclear cataract were significant predictors of early AD. The presence of nuclear cataract per se should raise clinical suspicion of the possibility of AD in this population.Eye (2009) 23, 933–939; doi:10.1038/eye.2008.102; published online 18 April 2008 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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28. Effect of single-dose ivermectin therapy on human Onchocerca volvulus infection with onchocercal ocular involvement.

Author

Newland, H S, White, A T, Greene, B M, D'Anna, S A, Keyvan-Larijani, E, Aziz, M A, Williams, P N, and Taylor, H R

Abstract

Ivermectin has shown promise as a potentially safe and effective microfilaricidal drug for the treatment of onchocerciasis. Several limited studies have shown it to have fewer side effects, especially ocular complications, than the currently available drug, diethylcarbamazine. The detailed ocular findings in 200 moderately to heavily infected Liberians who were enrolled in a safety and dose-finding study are presented. They received either 0, 100, 150, or 200 micrograms/kg of ivermectin and were followed up for 12 months. In clinical studies so far carried out ivermectin in a dose of 100, 150, or 200 micrograms/kg has not been associated with any major adverse reactions nor were there any sight-threatening effects even in the presence of severe ocular disease. Each of these doses significantly reduced the ocular microfilaria load for at least 12 months when compared with either the placebo (p less than 0.05) or pretreatment values (p less than 0.001). However, the 100 and 150 micrograms/kg doses caused fewer minor side effects than the higher dose. These results confirm that ivermectin in a single oral dose may be a safe and effective microfilaricidal drug for the treatment of onchocerciasis and that it appears to be free of major ocular side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1988

29. Cow and Calf Performance and Economic Considerations of Early Weaning of Fall-Born Beef Calves2

Author

Peterson, G. A., Turner, T. B., Irvin, K. M., Davis, M. E., Newland, H. W., and Harvey, W. R.

Abstract

Ninety-six crossbred calves from 66 fall-calving cows were utilized to evaluate differences in cow and calf performance and to determine economic differences between cows that weaned calves at approximately 110 or 222 d. No significant differences existed in cow weight or condition score at normal weaning, but differences in cow weight at early weaning were significant between cows with early- and normal-weaned calves. Cows with early-weaned calves gained 2.5 ± 3.3 kg, while cows with normal-weaned calves lost 18.2 ± 2.9 kg between early and normal weaning (P<.01). No significant differences existed between early- and normal-weaned calves for average daily gain from birth to early weaning or weight at early weaning. Early-weaned calves were 25.2 ± 4.4 kg heavier at normal weaning and gained 29.0 ± 3.0 kg more from early to normal weaning than normal-weaned calves. Compared with normal-weaned calves, early-weaned calves were lower (P=.05) in condition score at early weaning, had greater (P<.05) improvement in condition score from early to normal weaning but similar (P=.30) condition scores at time of normal weaning. Cows with early-weaned calves consumed 45.3% less (P=.13) hay, on total digestible nutrients basis, than cows with normal-weaned calves. Early-weaned cow-calf pairs consumed 20.4% (P=.36) less total digestible nutrients than normal weaned cow-calf pairs. The early-weaned cow-calf pairs were 43.0% more (P=.01) efficient in converting total digestible nutrients into calf gain than were normal-weaned cow-calf pairs.

Published
1987
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30. HERBERT HENRY ERNEST RUSSELL

Author

Newland H

Subjects
History, Philosophy, Humans, General Medicine, Theology, Obituary
Published
1951

31. Net Energy of Corn and Bird Resistant Grain Sorghum Rations for Steers when Fed as Grain or Silage

Author

Fox, D. G., Klosterman, E. W., Newland, H. W., and Johnson, R. R.

Abstract

Two separate feedlot trials were conducted to compare the feeding value of corn and bird resistant grain sorghum fed as grain or silage to steers. Steers fed corn rations had a higher daily gain and feed efficiency than those fed either of the bird resistant sorghum rations. Rolling of the bird resistant sorghum silage resulted in a highly significant (P<.01) increase in daily gains. Steers fed rolled bird resistant sorghum silage gained 29% faster than those fed unrolled bird resistant sorghum silage and feed efficiency was improved by 19%.When determined by the comparative slaughter technique, the corn silage ration had the highest NEm+p̄(1.40 megcal per kg D.M.) followed by the corn grain, (1.29 megcal per kg), bird resistant sorghum silage, (0.95 megcal per kg) and bird resistant sorghum grain (0.94 megcal per kg) rations. Since more dry matter was consumed from the corn grain ration, the daily intake of NEm+p̄was higher. The daily intake of NEm+p̄from the bird resistant sorghum silage ration was considerably lower than that of the other three rations. In a single reversal digestion trial corn silage had significantly (P<.05) higher digestibilities of dry matter, cellulose and protein than the mature bird resistant sorghum silage. Digestion coefficients for immature bird resistant sorghum silage were not significantly different from the other two silages, indicating that it was intermediate in digestibility between corn silage and mature bird resistant sorghum silage. Whole grains were separated from feed and feces samples of both bird resistant sorghum silages. From these data it was estimated that the steers fed immature bird resistant sorghum silage digested 22% more of the grain dry matter and 16% more of the stover dry matter than those fed mature bird resistant sorghum silage.

Published
1970
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32. Effects of Melengestrol Acetate on the Performance of Feedlot Cattle Receiving Corn Silage Rations

Author

Hawkins, D. R., Henderson, H. E., and Newland, H. W.

Abstract

THREE trials were conducted utilizing 192 heifers and 64 steers to evaluate the effects of MGA, DES and the combination of MGA and DES on feedlot performance of cattle.Heifers fed MGA at 0.35 mg per head daily increased average daily gains for heifers over heifers fed 10 mg DES, heifers implanted with 12 mg plus 24 mg DES or controls, in all three trials. The difference between heifers fed MGA and heifers fed DES was significant (P<.05) only in trial I. In trial III heifers fed MGA, implanted with DES or both, had significantly (P<.05) higher average daily gains than the control heifers. MGA had no significant effect on average daily gain of steers.Carcass grade, fat thickness at the 12th rib and rib eye area were unaffected by any hormone treatement in the three trials. However, dark cutting carcasses were observed in all three trials. There appeared to be an interaction between hormone treatement and type of ration fed or time of slaughter. It appears that when heifers are fed MGA and/or DES in conjunction with a high corn silage ration, the incidence of dark cutting carcasses will not increase above normal occurrence if they are fed as much as 1% of their body weight daily in grain.

Published
1972
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33. The Relationship of Dietary Calcium to Zinc Metabolism in Pigs

Author

Newland, H. W., Ullrey, D. E., Hoefer, J. A., and Luecke, R. W.

Abstract

The effect of various levels of dietary zinc and calcium upon zinc metabolism in weanling pigs was studied. Even though energy intake was equalized between treatments, supplemental zinc improved weight gains and feed efficiency, and prevented dermatosis in pigs fed high-calcium diets.High-calcium diets unsupplemented with zinc produced a significant drop in serum alkaline phosphatase.The increased specific activity of certain tissues and the greater proportion of fecal zinc derived from endogenous sources suggested a higher rate of zinc metabolism in pigs receiving high-calcium diets unsupplemented with zinc.

Published
1958
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35. Effect of Heat-Processing and Pelleting Corn for Steers and Lambs

Author

Newland, H. W., Magee, W. T., Branaman, G. A., and Blakeslee, L. H.

Abstract

Ground shelled corn was compared with pelleted, flaked, crumbled and commercially heat-treated corn for fattening lambs, and ground shelled corn vs. crumbled corn for fattening steers. Daily gains were not significantly related to treatments in any of the trials but the various kinds of processing apparently decreased palatability in both steers and lambs, as compared to ground shelled corn. In the individually-fed steer trial feed efficiency was significantly increased by the crumbled corn, and in both lamb experiments the various kinds of processed corn increased efficiency from 7 to 16%. The various kinds of processed corn significantly narrowed the ruminal acetate: propionate ratio in both species. The possible relationship of volatile fatty acids to the observed feed efficiency is discussed.

Published
1962
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36. Temperature Adaptation in the Baby Pig

Author

Newland, H. W., McMillen, W. N., Reineke, E. P., Thorp, F., and Laine, Sylvia

Abstract

Body temperature development of baby pigs was studied under various conditions of environmental temperature. The effects of chilling on body temperature and blood changes in pigs ranging in age from birth to three weeks old were studied.The body temperature regulating mechanism in the new-born pig is not fully developed. There was a body temperature droy of 3° to 13° F. in baby pigs during the first 30 minutes after birth, the amount of drop being related to the size of the pig and the environmental temperature. The initial drop was followed by a gradual return toward normal, which in environments of 60°–75° F. was reached in about two days, and in environments approaching freezing temperatures was reached in about ten days.Pigs 24 hours old withstood a temperature of 34° F. with less drop in body temperature than pigs under 4 hours old.There was a significant correlation between the weight of a pig and its ability to adapt itself to its environment. Small pigs in a fasting state passed into a coma sooner when chilled than pigs of comparable size having access to sow's milk.Chilling of two-day-old pigs caused the blood hematocrit to decrease, which is a reversed reaction for the normally functioning temperature regulating mechanism.There was an increase in blood sugar when one-day-old pigs were chilled at 34° F. Pigs fasted eight hours before chilling showed less glucose increase than those fasted three and five hours.

Published
1952
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37. The Growth Promoting Effects of Various Antibiotics on Pigs

Author

Luecke, R. W., Thorp, F., Newland, H. W., and Mcmillen, W. N.

Abstract

Streptomycin fed at levels of 10 mg. per pound of feed in a corn-soybean and a mixed ration resulted in a small increase in the growth rate of young pigs, but this increase was not statistically significant. However, the addition of liberal quantities of niacin, calcium pantothenate and riboflavin plus the streptomycin increased the growth rate on both rations significantly.Aureomycin fed at levels of 10 mg. per pound of feed increased significantly the growth rate of young pigs fed a B vitamin fortified corn-soybean ration. Procane penicillin was also found to be effective in this respect at levels of 1 and 5 mg. per pound of feed.A dried APF product, containing aureomycin, gave excellent growth when fed at levels of 0.35% in a B vitamin fortified corn-soybean ration.

Published
1951
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38. Sutureless vitrectomy

Author

Warrier Sunil, Jain Rajeev, Gilhotra Jagjit, and Newland Henry

Subjects
20 gauge, 23 gauge, 25 gauge, sutureless vitrectomy, transconjunctival, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Sutureless vitrectomy has rapidly been accepted as an essential part of a vitreoretinal surgical setup. The size and structure of the wound along with near intact conjunctival covering makes the incision self-sealing and safe. This allows the vitrectomy instruments to be used without creating an initial limited peritomy to expose bare sclera, and obviates the need for sutures at the end of the procedure. Wound construction is the essential step in ensuring postoperative wound stability. Both one-step and two-step wound constructions have been described. Key points include an oblique, tunneled approach to ensure a valve-like effect as well as misalignment of conjunctival and scleral wounds by displacing conjunctiva during construction. Advantages include decreased operative times in certain cases and decreased postoperative inflammation, early postoperative rehabilitation, improved patient comfort, and minimal conjunctival damage. Complications are based around wound competence, hypotony, and its relationship to endophthalmitis rates. Early reports highlighted an increase in endophthalmitis though further studies are required to accurately assess the incidence. Endophthalmitis has not been reported in cases that underwent fluid/air exchange. This review focuses on techniques, benefits, complications, personal experiences, and the safety profiles of sutureless vitrectomy systems. A literature review was undertaken using ′Medline′ and ′Pubmed′. Search terms included sutureless vitrectomy, 20 gauge, 23 gauge, 25 gauge, and transconjunctival and small gauge vitrectomy.

Published
2008

46. Cell-mediated immune responses in human infection with Onchocerca volvulus

Author

Gallin, M., Edmonds, K., Ellner, J. J., Erttmann, K. D., White, A. T., Newland, H. S., Hugh Taylor, and Greene, B. M.

Subjects
Immunology, Immunology and Allergy
Abstract

Mechanisms involved in modulation of the immune response in persons with chronic Onchocerca volvulus infection are poorly understood. In this study in vitro reactivity of PBMC to O. volvulus antigen (Ovag), streptolysin O (SL-O) and the mitogen PHA was tested in 62 infected individuals (INF), 17 persons living in the endemic area with exposure to the infection, but with no detectable infection (END), and 7 healthy controls (CTRL) in Liberia, West Africa. Mean blastogenic responses to Ovag were minimal and did not differ between the groups. There was, however, heterogenous reactivity to Ovag in the INF and END. For example, individuals with a history of therapy, and half of those less than 17 yr old who were tested, showed high responses. No significant differences in the response to SL-O or PHA were detected between the groups. IL-2 production in response to Ovag was minimal in the majority of infected subjects. Exogenous IL-2 was found to cause a significant increase in mean responses to Ovag and SL-O in INF and END only. Similarly, Ovag did not stimulate IL-1 production in most INF, whereas stimulation with LPS led to significantly greater production of IL-1. Depletion of plastic and nylon wool adherent cells did not increase responses to parasite-related antigen in INF, END or CTRL; however, responses to SL-O were augmented in INF, an effect that was also observed in CTRL. Finally, depletion of CD8 or CD16 cells in INF by C lysis did not increase blastogenic responses. These results indicate that cell-mediated immunity to parasite-related Ag as reflected in lymphocyte responses in vitro is diminished in infected individuals, and that this may be caused by defects in T cell activation.

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