321 results on '"Neville AM"'
Search Results
2. Creep in concrete
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Neville, AM
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- 1952
3. Tests on the strength of high alumina cement concrete
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Neville, AM
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- 1959
4. Non-elastic deformations in concrete structures
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Neville, AM
- Published
- 1957
5. Carcinoembryonic Antigen: Some Historical Perspectives
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Neville Am
- Subjects
Carcinoembryonic antigen ,biology ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Animals ,Humans ,General Medicine ,History, 20th Century ,Carcinoembryonic Antigen - Published
- 1995
6. PMH10 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF RISPERIDONE LONG-ACTING INJECTION IN NEW ZEALAND
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Davies, A, primary, Schrover, R, additional, Crowley, S, additional, and Neville, AM, additional
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- 2004
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- View/download PDF
7. PMH30 COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS IN THE AUSTRALIAN SETTING OF RISPERIDONE LONG-ACTING INJECTION FOR THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA WHO ARE PARTIALLY ADHERENT TO THEIR MEDICATION
- Author
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Crowley, S, primary, Schrover, R, additional, and Neville, AM, additional
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- 2004
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- View/download PDF
8. PHP22 TRENDS IN APPROVALS BY THE PHARMACEUTICAL BENEFITS ADVISORY COMMITTEE
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Wonder, M, primary, Neville, AM, additional, and Parsons, R, additional
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- 2004
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- View/download PDF
9. PHP24 QUALITY OF DECISION-MAKING BY THE PHARMACEUTICAL BENEFITS ADVISORY COMMITTEE (PBAC) AND THE IMPACT ON OUTCOMES
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Neville, AM, primary and Lloyd, JM, additional
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- 2004
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10. Are Australians Able to Access New Medicines on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme in a More or Less Timely Manner? An Analysis of Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee Recommendations, 1999-2003.
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Wonder MJ, Neville AM, and Parsons R
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- 2006
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11. An alternative cost effectiveness analysis of ThinPrep in the Australian setting.
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Neville AM and Quinn MA
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- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF SHEAR WALLS.
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NEVILLE, AM and GHALI, A
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- 1972
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. THE EFFECT OF WARM STORAGE CONDITIONS ON THE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE MADE WITH HIGH-ALUMINA CEMENT.
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NEVILLE, AM
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- 1958
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Products of gynaecological neoplasms: Clinical and pathological applications
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Neville Am
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genital Neoplasms, Female ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Carcinoembryonic antigen ,Antigens, Neoplasm ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Simplexvirus ,Yolk sac ,Antigens, Viral ,Uterine Neoplasm ,Pathological ,Germ cell tumour ,Ovarian Neoplasms ,biology ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,General Medicine ,Endodermal sinus tumour ,medicine.disease ,Carcinoembryonic Antigen ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Uterine Neoplasms ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Clinical value ,biology.protein ,Female ,alpha-Fetoproteins ,Teratoma ,business - Abstract
Alphafetoprotein is at present the only 'antigen' of proved clinical value in gynaecological neoplasia. Its synthesis and release by a particular type of germ cell tumour (yolk sac, endodermal sinus tumour) present alone or as part of a teratoma approaches many of the essential criteria of a utopian tumour marker. Unfortunately, none of the other recognised 'antigens' expressed and/or released by gynaecological tumours and which have been adequately assessed in the clinical situation, seem to represent laboratory adjuncts essential for adequate patient care at present. Further research is needed to define other factors if this approach to improving diagnosis and management is to succeed.
- Published
- 1980
15. Clinical value of tumour-associated antigens
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Neville Am
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Text mining ,Antigen ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Clinical value ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine - Published
- 1974
16. The Relationship Between Micrometastases in the Bone Marrow, Histopathologic Features of the Primary Tumor in Breast Cancer and Prognosis
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D. Easton, U. Berger, Neville Am, R. Bettelheim, R. C. Coombes, and J L Mansi
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Adult ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Immunocytochemistry ,Estrogen receptor ,Bone Neoplasms ,Breast Neoplasms ,Tumor cells ,Breast cancer ,Bone Marrow ,medicine ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Membrane Glycoproteins ,Tumor size ,business.industry ,Mucin-1 ,Micrometastasis ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Primary tumor ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Receptors, Estrogen ,Blood Vessels ,Female ,Lymph Nodes ,Bone marrow ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The pathologic features of the primary tumors in 285 patients with breast cancer at the time of initial presentation, and with no clinical evidence of distant metastases, have been analyzed. The results have been compared with the detection of tumor cells in the bone marrow by use of an immunocytochemical method using antisera raised against the epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). The authors found EMA-positive cells (i.e., tumor cells) in the bone marrow of 77 (27%) patients and a significant association between the presence of such EMA-positive cells in the bone marrow and tumor size (P = 0.006) and peritumoral vascular invasion (P = less than 0.001). A possible relationship with estrogen receptor negativity (P = 0.06) also was noted.
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- 1988
17. 13. Growth Factors and Growth Factor Receptors
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Neville Am
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Growth factor receptor ,Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 ,Epidermal growth factor ,Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 ,Immunology ,medicine ,Cancer ,Growth factor receptor inhibitor ,General Medicine ,Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Transforming growth factor - Published
- 1987
18. 11. Breast Cancer
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R.C. Coombes and Neville Am
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Oncology ,CA15-3 ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Breast cancer ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,business - Published
- 1987
19. N -methyl- N -Nitrosourea-Induced Rat Mammary Tumors. Hormone Responsiveness but Lack of Spontaneous Metastasis<xref ref-type='fn' rid='fn2'>2</xref>
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Philip S. Rudland, R. C. Coombes, Paul Monaghan, J C Williams, J. Humphreys, Barry A. Gusterson, and Neville Am
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Nitrosourea Compound ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Estrogen receptor ,Oophorectomy ,medicine.disease ,Transplantation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Castration ,Endocrinology ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Adenocarcinoma ,Spontaneous metastasis ,business ,Hormone - Abstract
N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) given iv to rats 50-55 days old induced mammary tumors in 70% of F344/N and 91% W/ICRF inbred females with mean latency periods of 149 and 93 days, respectively. Reduction of the MNU dose did not affect tumor incidence in W/ICRF rats. Of the mammary tumors, 98% were classified histologically as adenocarcinomas, which grew progressively. Primary tumors of nonmammary origin were detected at low incidence. Upon histologic examination, no evidence was found for metastases of either the mammary or other primary tumors. No evidence for tumor-induced hypercalcemia was found. Oophorectomy at the time of MNU administration prevented tumor development; oophorectomy when at least 1 tumor/animal was palpable caused growth delay or regression. All MNU-induced and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary tumors tested contained cytoplasmic estrogen receptor (ER) at similar concentrations and were indistinguishable histologically. MNU-induced tumors in F344 rats were transplantable and retained ER through three transplantations.
- Published
- 1981
20. Steroid metabolism in vitro by an interstitial cell tumour and the attached prepubertal testis
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Richards G and Neville Am
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Biology ,Tritium ,Interstitial cell tumour ,Endocrinology ,Text mining ,Testicular Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,Testis ,medicine ,Hydroxyprogesterones ,Humans ,Testosterone ,Carbon Radioisotopes ,Progesterone ,business.industry ,Puberty ,Androstenedione ,Steroid Metabolism ,Dehydroepiandrosterone ,In vitro ,Pregnenolone ,Steroids ,Chromatography, Thin Layer ,business ,Leydig Cell Tumor - Abstract
SUMMARY A virilizing interstitial cell tumour and the attached testicular tissue from a 4-year-old boy were incubated in vitro with [7α-3H]pregnenolone and [4-14C]progesterone, or [4-14C]androstenedione and [7α-3H]5α-dihydrotestosterone. Ring A saturated steroids were produced from 4-ene precursors by the prepubertal testis, but this tissue was unable to convert pregnenolone or progesterone to 17α-hydroxylated C21 steroids, or to C19 steroids. The virilizing interstitial cell tumour metabolized pregnenolone and progesterone to 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione and testosterone. In addition, dehydroepiandrosterone was detected as a product of pregnenolone. The tumour lacked 4-ene-5α-steroid reductase activity. 5α-Dihydrotestosterone was metabolized to 5α-androstane-3,17-dione, androsterone, isoandrosterone, 5a-androstane-3α,17β-diol and 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol in both the normal and tumour tissue. The significance of these metabolic pathways is discussed.
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- 1973
21. Metabolism of (7 alpha-3H)dehydroepiandrosterone and (4-14C)androstenedione in vitro by testicular tissue from adult and prepubertal Wistar rats
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Neville Am and Richards G
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Testicular tissue ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Alpha (ethology) ,Dehydroepiandrosterone ,Biology ,In Vitro Techniques ,Androsterone ,Tritium ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Testis ,medicine ,Androstenediols ,Animals ,Testosterone ,Androstenedione ,Carbon Radioisotopes ,Age Factors ,Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ,Metabolism ,Ketosteroids ,In vitro ,Rats ,Androstanes - Abstract
SUMMARY The metabolism of [7α-3H]dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and [4-14C] androstenedione in vitro was investigated in 30-day-old (prepubertal) and adult rat testicular tissue in the presence of cyanoketosteroid, a 5-ene-3β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase inhibitor. Whereas both substrates were converted to 5α-reduced steroids by the prepubertal testis, 4-ene-steroid-5α-reductase activity was negligible in the adult gland. Cyanoketosteroid prevented the formation of 5α-reduced steroids from DHA by the prepubertal testis indicating testosterone and androstenedione as intermediates in their production.
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- 1974
22. Tissue Culture in Endocrine Research: Perspectives, Pitfalls, and Potentials
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O'Hare Mj, Neville Am, and Ellison Ml
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Cognitive science ,Functional integrity ,Tissue culture ,Human material ,Physiology ,Endocrine system ,Functional activity ,Biology ,Simple (philosophy) - Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses tissue culture's role in some selected chemical, pathological, and fundamental aspects of the endocrinology of both steroid and peptide hormone-secreting tissues. Tissue culture has many forms; none is easy and many are both time-consuming and laborious. In some respects, they still represent art forms with a complexity that defies simple analysis. The chapter describes some of the reasons why this has occurred. If, however, tissue culture is to achieve preeminence in experimental studies, its days as an art rather than a science must be numbered. Certain basic problems of methodology, however, still remain to be solved by systematic experimentation, leading ultimately to the preservation of complete structural and functional integrity of purified endocrine cells in culture under completely defined conditions. Further progress in the use of tissue culture to study functional activity and growth may be considerably hampered until these requirements are fulfilled. It would be foolhardy to suppose, however, that there exists one all-encompassing ideal medium or system of culture, and conditions may have to be optimized for each individual cell type or tissue, particularly for human material. Failure to contend with these and similar problems may serve to further perpetuate the myth of culture being inevitably associated with radical changes in the behavior of cells and tissues. A further goal must also be dispensing with the use of serum to sustain cultured cells, as many of the complications that beset endocrine cultures in particular stem from its use. Although efforts in this direction are being made, much remains to be discovered about the precise role played by serum in cultures and the way by which it can be replaced by defined constituents.
- Published
- 1978
23. Formation and metabolism of 5 alpha-reduced steroids by gonadal tissue in testicular feminization
- Author
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Richards G and Neville Am
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hirsutism ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Alpha (ethology) ,Biology ,In Vitro Techniques ,Tritium ,Pregnanediones ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Testosterone ,Androstenedione ,Carbon Radioisotopes ,Gonads ,hirsutism ,Testicular feminization ,Dihydrotestosterone ,Metabolism ,Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome ,medicine.disease ,Androgens ,Androgen insensitivity syndrome ,medicine.drug - Published
- 1974
24. The steroidogenic response of adult rat adrenocortical cells in monolayer culture
- Author
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O'Hare Mj and Neville Am
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Male ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Radioimmunoassay ,Tritium ,Endocrinology ,Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ,Internal medicine ,Adrenal Glands ,medicine ,Cyclic AMP ,Animals ,Fluorometry ,Aldosterone ,Cells, Cultured ,Chemistry ,Monolayer culture ,Pregnanes ,Stimulation, Chemical ,Rats ,Sterols ,Pregnenolone ,Corticosterone ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
SUMMARY Quantitative aspects of corticosteroidogenesis were examined in monolayer cultures of cells from the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis of the adult rat adrenal cortex, maintained for up to 4 months. Corticosterone secretion continued at a steady rate in cultures maintained with corticotrophin (ACTH), the output of maximally stimulated cultures being approximately 12 μg/106 adrenocortical cells/day. In the absence of ACTH, a small amount of 20α-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one, but no detectable corticosterone, was secreted, resulting in a fluorogenic steroid output 1/125 th of that of maximally stimulated cultures. Restimulation with ACTH of cultures maintained for up to 2 months in its absence resulted in maximum levels of corticosterone secretion after 4–5 days of continuous ACTH treatment. The levels of corticosterone secretion attained on restimulation were similar to those observed in cultures maintained with ACTH from the out set. Withdrawal of ACTH resulted in a fall in steroid output which took 10 days to reach final unstimulated levels. Trophic stimulation of corticosteroidogenesis with a similar time-course was obtained with both cyclic AMP and dibutyryl cyclic AMP, the latter being the more effective.
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- 1973
25. Steroid biosynthesis in vitro and in tissue culture by adrenal tumours of mice of the CE strain
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Webb Jl, Neville Am, Anderson Jm, and McCormick Mh
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Hydrocortisone ,Chromatography, Paper ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ,Steroid biosynthesis ,Biology ,17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone ,Tritium ,Rodent Diseases ,Tissue culture ,Mice ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Culture Techniques ,medicine ,Hydroxyprogesterones ,Animals ,Desoxycorticosterone ,17-Hydroxycorticosteroids ,Carbon Isotopes ,Histocytochemistry ,Strain (biology) ,Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ,Adrenal tumours ,Dehydroepiandrosterone ,Molecular biology ,In vitro ,Pregnenolone ,Autoradiography ,Female ,Steroids - Abstract
SUMMARY Incubation in vitro of homogenates of spontaneous adrenocortical tumours from gonadectomized female mice of the CE strain showed the presence of Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase systems, capable of metabolizing 3β-hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one, 3β, 17α-dihydroxypregn-5-en-20-one and 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one. 17α-, 11β- and 21-hydroxylation of C21-Δ4-3-ketosteroids was also detected as were the enzyme systems required to form 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-ene-7,17-dione from 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one. After tissue culture of the tumour cells for 19 days, histochemical and incubation techniques demonstrated that the cells retained Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17α-, 11β- and 21-hydroxylase activity. Autoradiography localized radioactivity in the original and newly formed cells of the tissue culture.
- Published
- 1968
26. Morphological responses to corticotrophin and cyclic AMP by adult rat adrenocortical cells in monolayer culture
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Neville Am and O'Hare Mj
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Male ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cell Survival ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Adrenocorticotropic hormone ,Mitochondrion ,Endoplasmic Reticulum ,Endocrinology ,Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ,Internal medicine ,Adrenal Glands ,medicine ,Cyclic AMP ,Animals ,Cell survival ,Cells, Cultured ,Chemistry ,Histocytochemistry ,Endoplasmic reticulum ,Monolayer culture ,Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ,Stimulation, Chemical ,Culture Media ,Mitochondria ,Rats ,Microscopy, Electron ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
SUMMARY Confluent monolayer cultures of cells from the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis of the normal adult rat adrenal cortex were maintained with or without corticotrophin (ACTH) for up to 4 months, without proliferation of adrenal cells. Proliferating fibroblast-like cells, however, eventually overgrew the adrenal monolayer in cultures both with and without ACTH. Adrenocortical cells in culture, maintained without ACTH, spread rapidly to form a confluent monolayer, whereas cell spreading was markedly inhibited in the presence of ACTH. Exposure of previously unstimulated cells to ACTH or cyclic AMP caused the adrenal cells to retract with loss of confluence, the process being reversed when ACTH or cyclic AMP was withdrawn. Ultrastructural features of cells cultured with ACTH were typical of normal adrenocortical cells; in cultures without ACTH they were similar to those of adrenocortical cells found in the hypophysectomized rat.
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- 1973
27. Steroid metabolism by adult rat adrenocortical cells in monolayer culture
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Neville Am and O'Hare Mj
- Subjects
Male ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Tritium ,Endocrinology ,Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ,Adrenal Cortex Hormones ,Internal medicine ,Adrenal Glands ,medicine ,Cyclic AMP ,Hydroxyprogesterones ,Animals ,Cells, Cultured ,Progesterone ,17-Hydroxycorticosteroids ,Chemistry ,Monolayer culture ,Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ,Steroid Metabolism ,Stimulation, Chemical ,Culture Media ,Rats ,Pregnenolone ,Pregnanediol ,Chromatography, Thin Layer ,Corticosterone - Abstract
SUMMARY The patterns of exogenous steroid metabolism by rat adrenocortical zona fasciculata and zona reticularis cells cultured together as a monolayer have been examined. In the continued presence of corticotrophin (ACTH), the cultured cells synthesized corticosterone, 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone and deoxycorticosterone from [3H]pregnenolone. In the prolonged absence of ACTH, however, [3H]pregnenolone was metabolized mainly to progesterone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone, 20α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-3-one and 5α-pregnane-3β,20α-diol with small amounts of 5α-pregnane-3,20-dione, 11β-hydroxyprogesterone and 11β-hydroxy-20α-dihydroprogesterone, while virtually no corticosterone, 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone or deoxycorticosterone were produced. While 5-ene-3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-isomerase activity persisted at a substantial level in unstimulated cells and the 11β- and 18-hydroxylases were reduced but still present, 21-hydroxylase activity was almost completely lost when ACTH was omitted from the culture medium. These changes in enzyme activities were completely reversed by the addition of ACTH, cyclic AMP or dibutyryl cyclic AMP to unstimulated cultures for 4–5 days, during which time no proliferation of adrenal cells was observed.
- Published
- 1973
28. THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF SHEAR WALLS.
- Author
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GHALI, A, primary and NEVILLE, AM, additional
- Published
- 1972
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. THE EFFECT OF WARM STORAGE CONDITIONS ON THE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE MADE WITH HIGH-ALUMINA CEMENT.
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NEVILLE, AM, primary
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- 1958
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Has the Carcinoembryonic Antigen Been a Valuable Discovery?
- Author
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Neville Am
- Subjects
Carcinoembryonic antigen ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Carcinoembryonic Antigen - Published
- 1988
31. Future Trends in Oncological Research and Treatment
- Author
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Neville Am
- Subjects
Fetal protein ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,business.industry ,Early detection ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Carcinoembryonic antigen ,Text mining ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Antigens neoplasm ,business ,Mass screening - Published
- 1974
32. Immunogenicity and Safety of Heterologous Omicron BA.1 and Bivalent SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Booster Vaccines: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.
- Author
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Bennett C, Rivers EJ, Woo W, Bloch M, Cheung K, Griffin P, Mohan R, Deshmukh S, Arya M, Cumming O, Neville AM, Pardey TM, Plested JS, Cloney-Clark S, Zhu M, Kalkeri R, Patel N, Buchanan A, Marcheschi A, Swan J, Smith G, Cho I, Glenn GM, Walker R, and Mallory RM
- Subjects
- Humans, Adult, Male, Female, Young Adult, Middle Aged, Adolescent, Vaccines, Synthetic immunology, Vaccines, Synthetic administration & dosage, Vaccines, Synthetic adverse effects, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage, COVID-19 Vaccines adverse effects, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, SARS-CoV-2 genetics, Antibodies, Viral blood, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus genetics, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 immunology, Immunization, Secondary, Antibodies, Neutralizing blood, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology, Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Abstract
Background: Mutations present in emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants permit evasion of neutralization with prototype vaccines. A novel Omicron BA.1 subvariant-specific vaccine (NVX-CoV2515) was tested alone or as a bivalent preparation with the prototype vaccine (NVX-CoV2373) to assess antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2., Methods: Participants aged 18 to 64 years immunized with 3 doses of prototype mRNA vaccines were randomized 1:1:1 to receive a single dose of NVX-CoV2515, NVX-CoV2373, or the bivalent mixture in a phase 3 study investigating heterologous boosting with SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein vaccines. Immunogenicity was measured 14 and 28 days after vaccination for the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 sublineage and ancestral strain. Safety profiles of vaccines were assessed., Results: Of participants who received trial vaccine (N = 829), those administered NVX-CoV2515 (n = 286) demonstrated a superior neutralizing antibody response to BA.1 vs NVX-CoV2373 (n = 274) at day 14 (geometric mean titer ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.33-2.03). Seroresponse rates were 73.4% (91/124; 95% CI, 64.7-80.9) for NVX-CoV2515 vs 50.9% (59/116; 95% CI, 41.4-60.3) for NVX-CoV2373. All formulations were similarly well tolerated., Conclusions: NVX-CoV2515 elicited a superior neutralizing antibody response against the Omicron BA.1 subvariant as compared with NVX-CoV2373 when administered as a fourth dose. Safety data were consistent with the established safety profile of NVX-CoV2373., Clinical Trials Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05372588)., Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. C. B., E. J. R., W. W., J. S. P., S. C.-C., M. Z., R. K., N. P., A. B., A. M., J. S., G. S., I. C., G. M. G., R. W., and R. M. M. are current or former Novavax employees and as such receive or received a salary for their work and may hold Novavax stock. O. C. and T. M. P. act as investigators at Novatrials on clinical trials and have not received personal financial payment from Novavax. A. M. N. acts as an investigator at AusTrials on clinical trials of COVID-19 and other vaccines sponsored by vaccine manufacturers, including Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Novavax, Seqirus, and Moderna. He receives no personal financial payment for this work. K. C. acts as an investigator at Emeritus Research and has not received any personal financial payment from Novavax. R. M. acts as an investigator at Paratus Clinical Research and has not received any personal financial payment from Novavax. M. B. has received payment or honoraria as well as support for meeting attendance and/or travel from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare and has received research funding from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co, Eli Lilly, Amgen, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Sanofi. He has also participated on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and Cymra. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Immunogenicity and safety of a bivalent (omicron BA.5 plus ancestral) SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein vaccine as a heterologous booster dose: interim analysis of a phase 3, non-inferiority, randomised, clinical trial.
- Author
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Bennett C, Woo W, Bloch M, Cheung K, Griffin P, Mohan R, Deshmukh S, Arya M, Cumming O, Neville AM, McCallum Pardey TG, Plested JS, Cloney-Clark S, Zhu M, Kalkeri R, Patel N, Marcheschi A, Swan J, Smith G, Cho I, Glenn GM, Walker R, and Mallory RM
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Vaccines, Synthetic immunology, Vaccines, Synthetic administration & dosage, Aged, Australia, Young Adult, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 immunology, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, Immunization, Secondary methods, Antibodies, Viral blood, Immunogenicity, Vaccine, Antibodies, Neutralizing blood, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology
- Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 variants evade immunity despite vaccination with prototype COVID-19 vaccines or previous infection. The 2019nCoV-311 (part 2) study is evaluating immune responses after two booster doses of a vaccine containing the omicron BA.5 subvariant spike protein in adults previously vaccinated with a prototype mRNA vaccine. This interim analysis reports on day 28 immunogenicity and safety outcomes after one booster dose., Methods: In this phase 3, randomised, observer-blinded study conducted at 35 sites in Australia, medically stable, previously COVID-19-vaccinated (mRNA-based; ≥three doses) adults aged 18 years or older were enrolled and randomly allocated (1:1:1; via an interactive web response system) to receive two doses of bivalent (NVX-CoV2373 + NVX-CoV2540; bivalent group), authorised prototype (NVX-CoV2373; prototype group), or BA.5 (NVX-CoV2540; BA.5 group) vaccine. Only blinded personnel performed study assessments or had participant contact to collect data after study vaccination. Participants received vaccines containing 5 μg SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein and 50 μg Matrix-M adjuvant, administered via a 0·5 mL intramuscular injection (2·5 μg of NVX-CoV2373 plus 2·5 μg of NVX-CoV2540 for the bivalent vaccine, prepared on-site as a 1:1 mixture). The coprimary endpoints include day 28 neutralising antibody geometric mean titre (GMT) ratios (GMTRs) to omicron BA.5 and the ancestral strain, and seroresponse rates to BA.5, in the bivalent and prototype groups. These endpoints were calculated in the per-protocol analysis set, which was defined as participants who had received a vaccine dose, had baseline and day 28 immunogenicity data, and were PCR-negative for SARS-CoV-2, with no major protocol deviations. The primary objective was to determine the primary outcome (antibody responses), which consisted of three comparisons: superiority of the bivalent versus prototype vaccine for neutralising antibody GMT to BA.5 (ie, lower bound of the GMTR 95% CI >1·0); non-inferiority of neutralising antibody seroresponse rate to BA.5 (ie, lower bound of the seroresponse rate 95% CI >-5%); and non-inferiority of neutralising antibody GMT to the ancestral strain (ie, lower bound of GMTR 95% CI >0·67). This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT05372588., Findings: Between March 22, 2023 and May 2, 2023, 837 participants were screened for eligibility and 766 were randomly allocated to receive the BA.5 (n=255), prototype (n=252), or bivalent (n=259) vaccine. After accounting for exclusions due to participants being baseline SARS-CoV-2-positive, having previous infection, or protocol deviations, the per-protocol analysis set included 694 participants (236 in BA.5 group, 227 in prototype group, and 231 in bivalent group). In this interim analysis (maximum follow-up 35 days after the first dose), the bivalent group, compared with the prototype group, had superior neutralising antibody responses to BA.5 (GMT 1017·8 [95% CI 891·0-1162·6] vs 515·1 [450·4-589·0]; GMTR 2·0 [1·69-2·33]) and a non-inferior seroresponse rate to BA.5 at day 28 (39·8% [33·5-46·5] vs 12·3% [8·4-17·3]; difference 27·5% [19·8-35·0]). The bivalent group also had non-inferior neutralising antibody responses to the ancestral strain (GMTR 1·0 [0·84-1·20]), compared with the prototype group. All vaccines were similarly well tolerated., Interpretation: All three coprimary endpoints were met in part 2 of the ongoing 2019nCoV-311 study. These data support the development of monovalent and/or bivalent vaccines for the most currently circulating variants, to optimise protection. With no new safety findings, further investigation of omicron-based subvariant vaccines is supported by the evidence., Funding: Novavax., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests CB, WW, JSP, SC-C, MZ, RK, NP, AM, JS, GS, IC, RW, and RMM are current Novavax employees and as such receive a work salary and hold Novavax stock. GMG is a former employee and current consultant for Novavax and holds Novavax stock. OC and TMP act as investigators at Novatrials on clinical trials. AMN acts as an investigator at AusTrials on clinical trials of COVID-19 and other vaccines sponsored by vaccine manufacturers, including Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Novavax, Seqirus, and Moderna; he receives no personal financial payment for this work. KC acts as an investigator at Emeritus Research. RM acts as an investigator at Paratus Clinical Research. OC, TMP, KC, and RM have not received any personal financial payment from Novavax. MB has received payment or honoraria as well as support for meeting attendance or travel, or both, from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare, and his institution has received research funding from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co, Eli Lilly, Amgen, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Biotron, Cymra, and Eyegene; his institution has received payment for his participation on a data safety monitoring board for Eyegene and Cymra, whereas he has received payment for advisory board attendance for Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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34. Healthcare services use by patients with heart failure in Australia: Findings from the SHAPE study.
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Audehm RG, Neville AM, Piazza P, Haikerwal D, Sindone AP, Parsons RW, Lim K, and Liew D
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- Adult, Aged, Australia, Delivery of Health Care, Humans, National Health Programs, General Practitioners psychology, Heart Failure epidemiology, Heart Failure therapy
- Abstract
Background and Objectives: General practitioners (GPs) play a central role in healthcare, serving as the first point of contact, making appropriate referrals and coordinating care for chronic conditions such as heart failure (HF). We sought to determine healthcare use by people with HF in primary care., Method: In this Study of Heart failure in the Australian Primary carE setting (SHAPE), we analysed records of 1.93 million adult patients who attended a total of 43 practices between 1 July 2013 and 30 June 2018. We identified and examined the data of 20,219 patients with HF to describe the frequency of visits and use of Medicare Benefits Schedule items., Results: Patients with HF saw GPs 14.4 times per annum on average; 59.5% had a General Practice Management Plan (GPMP), 2.9% of GPMPs were reviewed annually or more frequently, and 46.8% of patients had been referred to a cardiologist. A total of 3761 had coexisting anxiety or depression, and of these 37.1% had a mental health plan., Discussion: Patients with HF visit their GP frequently, with many not reaching guideline therapy nor referred to cardiologists. Low use of care planning and reviews presents an opportunity for GPs to improve care.
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- 2022
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35. Clinical characteristics of people with heart failure in Australian general practice: results from a retrospective cohort study.
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Sindone AP, Haikerwal D, Audehm RG, Neville AM, Lim K, Parsons RW, Piazza P, and Liew D
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- Adult, Aged, Aminobutyrates, Australia epidemiology, Biphenyl Compounds, Female, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Stroke Volume, Ventricular Function, Left, General Practice, Heart Failure diagnosis, Heart Failure drug therapy, Heart Failure epidemiology
- Abstract
Aims: Heart failure (HF) causes significant morbidity and mortality, but the rates and characteristics of people with HF in Australia are not well studied. SHAPE set out to describe the characteristics of HF patients seen in the real-world setting., Methods: We analysed anonymized patient data extracted from the clinical software of 43 participating GP clinics for the 5 year period from 1 July 2013 to 30 June 2018. Patients were stratified into 'definite' and 'probable' HF based on a hierarchy of selection criteria and analysed for their clinical characteristics. Symptoms and signs of HF and ejection fraction data were searched for within the free text of the medical notes., Results: Of the 1.12 million adults seen regularly, 20 219 were classified as having definite or probable HF. The mean age of the population was 69.8 years, 50.6% were female, and mean body mass index was 31.2 kg/m
2 . Fewer than 1 in 6 had the HF diagnosis optimally recorded. Only 3.2% (650 patients) had their left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) quantified: 40.9% had an EF ≥50% and 59.1% had an EF <50%. The most common comorbidities in people with HF were hypertension (41.1%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma (25.1%) and depression/anxiety (18.4%). Hypotension (2.3%), bradycardia (6.3%), severe renal impairment (6.4%) and hyperkalaemia (2.0%) were uncommon. Just over one-third (37.8%) had iron deficiency. Loop diuretic use was common (56.7%) but only 33.7% were on a guideline recommended beta-blockers. Use of ivabradine (1.4%) and sacubitril/valsartan (1.2%) was very low, while 39.9% had been prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, 31.6% an angiotensin receptor blocker and 16.0% spironolactone. Many patients were prescribed medications that may worsen HF or are relatively contraindicated, such as macrolide antibiotics (29.9%), corticosteroids (25.8%), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (23.9%), and tricyclic antidepressants (9.4%)., Conclusions: Heart failure is poorly documented in general practice records and may be contributing to untoward downstream effects, such as low documentation of echocardiography, poor use of guideline recommended therapies and frequent use of medications that may worsen HF., (© 2021 The Authors. ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Cardiology.)- Published
- 2021
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36. A new fully liquid presentation of MenACWY-CRM conjugate vaccine: Results from a multicentre, randomised, controlled, observer-blind study.
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Vandermeulen C, Leroux-Roels I, Vandeleur J, Staniscia T, Girard G, Ferguson M, Icardi G, Schwarz TF, Neville AM, Nolan T, Cinquetti S, Akhund T, Van Huyneghem S, Aggravi M, Kunnel B, de Wergifosse B, Domenico GFD, Costantini M, Vir Singh P, Fragapane E, Lattanzi M, and Pellegrini M
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- Adult, Antibodies, Bacterial, Humans, Vaccination, Vaccines, Conjugate, Meningococcal Infections, Meningococcal Vaccines
- Abstract
Background: The currently licensed quadrivalent MenACWY-CRM conjugate vaccine presentation consists of two vials (lyophilised MenA and liquid MenCWY) to be reconstituted before injection. A new fully liquid formulation in a single vial has been developed to further improve the vaccine presentation. Since the MenA structure is subject to hydrolytic degradation, this study was conducted to compare the immunogenicity and safety of the investigational MenACWY-CRM liquid vaccine with the licensed vaccine., Methods: In this multicentre, randomised, controlled, observer-blind, phase 2b study, 979 healthy adults were administered a single dose of MenACWY-CRM liquid presentation or the currently licensed MenACWY-CRM vaccine. MenA free saccharide generation was accelerated to approximately 30% in the liquid presentation and MenA polysaccharide O-acetylation was reduced to approximately 40%, according to a controlled procedure. Immunological non-inferiority of the MenACWY-CRM liquid to the licensed vaccine, as measured by human serum bactericidal assay (hSBA) geometric mean titres (GMTs) against MenA 1 month post-vaccination, was the primary study objective. Safety assessment was among the secondary objectives., Results: Immune responses against each serogroup were similar between the two vaccine groups and was non-inferior for MenA. Adjusted hSBA GMTs for MenA were 185.16 and 211.33 for the MenACWY-CRM liquid presentation and currently licensed vaccine presentation, respectively. The between-group ratio of hSBA GMTs for MenA was 0.88, with a two-sided 95% confidence interval lower limit of 0.64, greater than the prespecified non-inferiority margin of 0.5, thus meeting the primary study objective. Both vaccines were well tolerated. No serious adverse events were considered related to vaccination., Conclusions: The levels of MenA free saccharide and polysaccharide O-acetylation did not affect the immunogenicity of the fully liquid presentation, which was demonstrated to be non-inferior to the immunogenicity of the currently licensed MenACWY-CRM vaccine against MenA. The immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety profiles of the two vaccine presentations were similar., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest TA, SVH, MA, BK, BdW, GFDD, MC, PVS, EF, ML and MP are employed by the GSK group of companies. TA, MA, BdW, PVS, EF, ML and MP hold shares in the GSK group of companies. CV reports her institution received payments from the GSK group of companies, MSD and Pfizer, outside the submitted work. ILR reports her institution received payments from the GSK group of companies for the conduct of the study. TN reports payments from the GSK group of companies, Merck, Sanofi Pasteur and Seqirus, outside the submitted work. TA, SVH, MA, BK, BdW, GFDD, MC, PVS, EF, ML, MP, CV, ILR and TN declare no other financial and non-financial relationships and activities. JV, TS, GG, MF, GI, TFS, AMN and SC declare no financial and non-financial relationships and activities and no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021 GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals S.A. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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37. Epidemiology of heart failure: Study of Heart failure in the Australian Primary carE setting (SHAPE).
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Liew D, Audehm RG, Haikerwal D, Piazza P, Neville AM, Lim K, Parsons RW, and Sindone AP
- Abstract
Aims: At present, there is no robust information on the prevalence and incidence of heart failure (HF) in the general Australian community. The present study of primary care data sought to estimate the prevalence and incidence of HF in the community and to describe the demographic and clinical profile of Australians with HF., Methods and Results: We undertook a retrospective cohort study based on analysis of anonymized medical records of adult patients cared for at 43 Australian general practices between 1 July 2013 and 30 June 2018. Data were extracted from coded and uncoded fields in electronic medical records. The prevalence and annual incidence of HF were calculated, along with 95% confidence intervals, using the 'active' population of people who were regular attenders at the practices. Age-standardized estimates were also derived using the 2017 Australian population as reference. The mean age of the population with HF was 69.8 years, 50.6% were female, and mean body mass index was 31.2 kg/m
2 . The age-standardized prevalence was 2.199% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.168-2.23%], and the age-standardized annual incidence was 0.348% (95% CI: 0.342-0.354%). These estimates accord with almost 420 000 people living with HF in Australia in 2017, and >66 000 new cases of HF occurring that year. Only 18.9% of patients with definite HF had this formally captured as a 'diagnosis' in their medical record. HF was more frequent among those of lower socio-economic status., Conclusions: HF is common in Australia. The majority of HF patients do not have this diagnosis optimally noted in their primary care medical records., (© 2020 The Authors. ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Cardiology.)- Published
- 2020
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38. The epidemiology of heart failure in the general Australian community - study of heart failure in the Australian primary carE setting (SHAPE): methods.
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Parsons RW, Liew D, Neville AM, Audehm RG, Haikerwal D, Piazza P, Lim K, and Sindone AP
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- Adult, Aged, Australia epidemiology, Electronic Health Records, Female, Heart Failure etiology, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, General Practice statistics & numerical data, Heart Failure epidemiology, Primary Health Care statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: There is a paucity of information on the epidemiology of heart failure (HF) in Australia. The Study of Heart failure in the Australian Primary carE setting (SHAPE) study aims to estimate the prevalence and annual incidence of HF in the general Australian community and to describe the demographic and key clinical profile of Australians with HF., Methods: We undertook a retrospective cohort study based on analysis of non-identifiable medical records of adult patients cared for at 43 general practices between 1 July 2013 and 30 June 2018. Data were extracted from coded (diagnosis, pathology and prescription fields) and uncoded fields (clinical notes) in the medical records. The latter searches of free text looked for common synonyms relevant to HF. The population was stratified into three groups based on a hierarchy of selection criteria: (1) definite HF, (2) probable HF and (3) possible HF. The prevalence and annual incidence of HF were calculated, along with 95% confidence intervals., Results: The practices provided care to 2.3 million individual patients over the five-year study period, of whom 1.93 million were adults and 1.12 million were regular patients. Of these patients 15,468 were classified as having 'definite HF', 4751 as having 'probable HF' and 33,556 as having 'possible HF'. A further 39,247 were identified as having an aetiological condition associated with HF. A formal HF diagnosis, HF terms recorded as text in the notes and HF-specific medication were the most common methods to identify 'definite' HF patients. Typical signs and symptoms in combination with a diuretic prescription was the most common method to identify 'probable HF' patients. The majority of 'possible' HF patients were identified by the presence of 2 or more of the typical signs or symptoms. Dyspnoea was the commonest recorded symptom and an elevated jugular venous pressure the commonest recorded sign., Conclusions: This novel approach to undertaking retrospective research of primary care data successfully analysed a combination of coded and uncoded data from the electronic medical records of patients routinely managed in the GP setting. SHAPE is the first real-world study of the epidemiology of HF in the general Australian community setting.
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- 2020
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39. Cohort Profile: Effectiveness of a 12-Month Patient-Centred Medical Home Model Versus Standard Care for Chronic Disease Management among Primary Care Patients in Sydney, Australia.
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John JR, Jones A, Neville AM, Ghassempour S, Girosi F, and Tannous WK
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Australia epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Chronic Disease, Disease Management, Patient-Centered Care, Primary Health Care
- Abstract
Evidence suggests that patient-centred medical home (PCMH) is more effective than standard general practitioner care in improving patient outcomes in primary care. This paper reports on the design, early implementation experiences, and early findings of the 12-month PCMH model called 'WellNet' delivered across six primary care practices in Sydney, Australia. The WellNet study sample comprises 589 consented participants in the intervention group receiving enhanced primary care in the form of patient-tailored chronic disease management plan, improved self-management support, and regular monitoring by general practitioners (GPs) and trained clinical coordinators. The comparison group consisted of 7750 patients who were matched based on age, gender, type and number of chronic diseases who received standard GP care. Data collected include sociodemographic characteristics, clinical measures, and self-reported health assessments at baseline and 12 months. Early study findings show the mean age of the study participants was 70 years with nearly even gender distribution of males (49.7%) and females (50.3%). The most prevalent chronic diseases in descending order were circulatory system disorders (69.8%), diabetes (47.4%), musculoskeletal disorders (43.5%), respiratory diseases (28.7%), mental illness (18.8%), and cancer (13.6%). To our knowledge, the WellNet study is the first study in Australia to generate evidence on the feasibility of design, recruitment, and implementation of a comprehensive PCMH model. Lessons learned from WellNet study may inform other medical home models in Australian primary care settings.
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- 2020
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40. Development of monoclonal anti-PDGF-CC antibodies as tools for investigating human tissue expression and for blocking PDGF-CC induced PDGFRα signalling in vivo.
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Li H, Zeitelhofer M, Nilsson I, Liu X, Allan L, Gloria B, Perani A, Murone C, Catimel B, Neville AM, Scott FE, Scott AM, and Eriksson U
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- A549 Cells, Animals, Blood-Retinal Barrier drug effects, Blood-Retinal Barrier metabolism, Blood-Retinal Barrier pathology, Capillary Permeability, Gene Expression drug effects, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Neoplasms metabolism, Neoplasms pathology, Recombinant Proteins immunology, Signal Transduction drug effects, Antibodies, Monoclonal immunology, Lymphokines antagonists & inhibitors, Lymphokines immunology, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor antagonists & inhibitors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor immunology, Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha metabolism
- Abstract
PDGF-CC is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family that stimulates PDGFRα phosphorylation and thereby activates intracellular signalling events essential for development but also in cancer, fibrosis and neuropathologies involving blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. In order to elucidate the biological and pathological role(s) of PDGF-CC signalling, we have generated high affinity neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) recognizing human PDGF-CC. We determined the complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of the selected clones, and mapped the binding epitope for clone 6B3. Using the monoclonal 6B3, we determined the expression pattern for PDGF-CC in different human primary tumours and control tissues, and explored its ability to neutralize PDGF-CC-induced phosphorylation of PDGFRα. In addition, we showed that PDGF-CC induced disruption of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) was significantly reduced upon intraperitoneal administration of a chimeric anti-PDGF-CC antibody. In summary, we report on high affinity monoclonal antibodies against PDGF-CC that have therapeutic efficacy in vivo., Competing Interests: H.L., A.M.S., L.A. and U.E. have submitted a patent application (Methods and compositions for PDGF-CC inhibition, PCT/US2017/040170) on these antibodies. A.M.S. and U.E. are shareholders of a company (Paracrine Therapeutics AB), developing these antibodies. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
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- 2018
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41. NY-ESO-1 expression in DCIS: A new predictor of good prognosis.
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Coombes RC, Caballero OL, Shousha S, Ghaem-Maghami S, Woodley-Barker L, Wilhelm-Benartzi CS, and Neville AM
- Abstract
Background: At present, it is difficult to predict which patients with ductal carcinoma-in-situ (DCIS) will subsequently develop frank invasive breast cancer (IDC). A recent survey by our group has shown that NY-ESO-1 and MAGEA are both expressed in DCIS. This study was aimed at determining whether expression of these antigens was related to the later development of IDC., Results: 14 of 42 (33%) of patients developed invasive breast cancer during the follow up period. Only one of those DCIS cases that relapsed was positive for NYESO-1 at diagnosis. In contrast, DCIS samples of 15 of the 28 (54%) of those patients who remained disease-free expressed NY-ESO-1. (Permutation chi square p=0.0033)., Methods: We identified 42 patients with DCIS, and followed them up for more than 10 years. NY-ESO-1 and MAGEA were demonstrated by immunostaining as were CD8+ infiltrates on all sections together with the conventional markers, ER, PR, and HER2., Conclusions: Expression of NY-ESO-1 may predict those patients who will not subsequently develop invasive breast cancer and could therefore potentially be helpful in defining prognosis in patients with DCIS., Competing Interests: CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Raoul C. Coombes declares that he has no conflict of interest. Otavia L. Caballero declares that she has no conflict of interest, Sami. Shousha declares that he has no conflict of interest. Sadaf Ghaem-Maghami declares that she has no conflict of interest, Laura Woodley-Barker declares that she has no conflict of interest. Charlotte S. Wilhelm-Benartzi declares that she has no conflict of interest, and A Munro Neville declares that he has no conflict of interest.
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- 2017
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42. Novel highly specific anti-periostin antibodies uncover the functional importance of the fascilin 1-1 domain and highlight preferential expression of periostin in aggressive breast cancer.
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Field S, Uyttenhove C, Stroobant V, Cheou P, Donckers D, Coutelier JP, Simpson PT, Cummings MC, Saunus JM, Reid LE, Kutasovic JR, McNicol AM, Kim BR, Kim JH, Lakhani SR, Neville AM, Van Snick J, and Jat PS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amino Acid Motifs, Animals, Antibody Specificity, Binding Sites, Antibody, Breast Neoplasms metabolism, Cell Movement physiology, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Mice, Middle Aged, Tissue Array Analysis, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Cell Adhesion Molecules metabolism
- Abstract
Periostin (POSTN), a secreted homodimeric protein that binds integrins αvβ3, αvβ5, and α6β4, was originally found to be expressed in fetal tissues and in the adult upon injury particularly bone fractures due to its role in remodelling and repair. Recently it was found to be over-expressed in human breast cancer and a variety of other tumour types including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, where its overexpression correlates with increased tumour invasion. Progress in studying its functional role in tumour pathogenesis has been hampered by the paucity of antibodies for its specific and sensitive detection. It has proven very difficult to obtain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against this highly conserved protein but we report here that combining infection of mice with lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus (LDV), a B cell activating arterivirus, with conjugation of human POSTN to ovalbumin as an immunogenic carrier, enabled us to develop six mAbs recognizing both human and mouse POSTN and inhibiting its binding to αvβ3 integrin. Two of the mAbs, MPB4B1 and MPC5B4, were tested and found to inhibit POSTN-induced migration of human endothelial colony forming cells. All six mAbs recognized amino acids 136-51 (APSNEAWDNLDSDIRR) within the POSTN fascilin (FAS) 1-1 domain revealing the functional importance of this motif; this was further highlighted by the ability of aa 136-151 peptide to inhibit integrin-mediated cell migration. Immunohistochemistry using MPC5B4, indicated that breast tumour cell POSTN expression was a strong prognostic indicator, along with tumour size, lymph node, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status., (© 2015 UICC.)
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- 2016
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43. Current opinions on medical radiation: a survey of oncologists regarding radiation exposure and dose reduction in oncology patients.
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Burke LM, Bashir MR, Neville AM, Nelson RC, and Jaffe TA
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- Age Factors, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Radiation Protection standards, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Practice Patterns, Physicians' statistics & numerical data, Radiation Dosage, Radiation Oncology standards, Radiation Protection methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed standards
- Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate oncologists' opinions about the use of ionizing radiation in medical imaging of oncology patients., Methods: An electronic survey was e-mailed to 2,725 oncologists at the top 50 National Cancer Institute-funded cancer centers. The survey focused on opinions on CT dose reduction in oncology patients and current philosophies behind long-term imaging in these patients., Results: The response rate was 15% (415 of 2,725). Eighty-two percent of respondents stated that their patients or families have expressed anxiety regarding radiation dose from medical imaging. Although fewer than half of oncologists (48%) did not know whether CT dose reduction techniques were used at their institutions, only 25% were concerned that small lesions may be missed with low-dose CT techniques. The majority of oncologists (63%) follow National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for imaging follow-up, while the remainder follow other national guidelines such as those of the Children's Oncology Group, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, or clinical trials. Ninety percent of respondents believe that long-term surveillance in oncology patients is warranted, particularly in patients with breast cancer, melanoma, sarcoma, and pediatric malignancies. The majority of oncologists would consider the use of low-dose CT imaging in specific patient populations: (1) children and young women, (2) those with malignancies that do not routinely metastasize to the liver, and (3) patients undergoing surveillance imaging., Conclusions: Cumulative radiation exposure is a concern for patients and oncologists. Among oncologists, there is support for long-term imaging surveillance despite lack of national guidelines., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
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- 2014
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44. Vaccines and early breast cancer.
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Caballero OL, Simpson AJ, and Neville AM
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- Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Breast Neoplasms immunology, Female, Humans, Breast Neoplasms genetics, Breast Neoplasms therapy, Cancer Vaccines therapeutic use
- Published
- 2014
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45. Expression of Cancer/Testis genes in ductal carcinoma in situ and benign lesions of the breast.
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Caballero OL, Shousha S, Zhao Q, Simpson AJG, Coombes RC, and Neville AM
- Abstract
Cancer/testis (CT) genes represent a unique class of genes, which are expressed by germ cells, normally silenced in somatic cells, but activated in various cancers. CT proteins can elicit spontaneous immune responses in cancer patients and this feature makes them attractive targets for immunotherapy-based approaches. We have previously reported that CTs are relatively commonly expressed in estrogen receptor (ER) negative, high risk carcinomas. In this study, we examined the expression of selected CT genes in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and benign proliferative lesions of the breast. ER negative DCIS were found to be associated with significant CT gene expression together with HER2 positivity and a marked stromal immune response.
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- 2013
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46. Is follow-up CT imaging of the chest and abdomen necessary after preoperative neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer patients without evidence of metastatic disease at diagnosis?
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Jaffe TA, Neville AM, Bashir MR, Uronis HE, and Thacker JM
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- Adenocarcinoma therapy, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant, Female, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Humans, Liver Neoplasms secondary, Lung Neoplasms secondary, Lymph Nodes diagnostic imaging, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Middle Aged, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Neoplasm Staging, Positron-Emission Tomography, Radiopharmaceuticals, Rectal Neoplasms therapy, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Adenocarcinoma diagnostic imaging, Adenocarcinoma secondary, Liver Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Lung Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Rectal Neoplasms diagnosis, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
Aim: Patients with rectal cancer often undergo multiple CT scans prior to surgical resection. We propose that in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer without evidence of metastatic disease at presentation, CT imaging of the chest and abdomen after preoperative neoadjuvant therapy does not change clinical information or surgical management., Method: An institutional review board-approved medical record review identified patients with contrast enhanced CT of the chest, abdomen and pelvis alone or in conjunction with (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose/positron emission tomography imaging for staging of rectal cancer prior to and after neoadjuvant therapy. Eighty-eight patients were included in the study. Scans were reviewed for the presence of metastatic disease on initial and follow-up imaging prior to surgical resection., Results: Seventy-six (86%) of 88 patients had no evidence of metastasis at presentation. None of these patients developed metastatic disease after neoadjuvant therapy. Twelve (14%) had metastases at presentation. No study patient developed metastatic disease in a new organ., Conclusion: Imaging after preoperative neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer does not change the designation of metastatic disease. Patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma without evidence of metastases may not benefit from repeat imaging of the chest and abdomen after neoadjuvant therapy., (Colorectal Disease © 2013 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland.)
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- 2013
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47. Contrast-enhanced free-breathing 3D T1-weighted gradient-echo sequence for hepatobiliary MRI in patients with breath-holding difficulties.
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Reiner CS, Neville AM, Nazeer HK, Breault S, Dale BM, Merkle EM, and Bashir MR
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Artifacts, Contrast Media, Female, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Male, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results, Retrospective Studies, Biliary Tract Diseases diagnosis, Breath Holding, Echo-Planar Imaging methods, Gadolinium DTPA, Liver Diseases diagnosis
- Abstract
Objective: Evaluate the image quality and diagnostic performance of a free-breathing 3D-gradient-echo sequence with radial acquisition (rGRE) compared with a Cartesian breath-hold 3D-GRE (cGRE) sequence on hepatobiliary phase MRI in patients with breath-holding difficulties., Methods: Twenty-eight consecutive patients (15 males; mean age 61 ± 11.9 years) were analysed in this retrospective IRB-approved study. Breath-holding difficulties during gadoxetate-disodium-enhanced liver MRI manifested as breathing artefacts during dynamic-phase imaging. MRI included axial and coronal cGRE and a radially sampled rGRE sequence during the hepatobiliary phase. Two radiologists independently evaluated cGRE and rGRE images for image quality, liver lesion detection and conspicuity, and bile duct conspicuity on a four-point scale., Results: Liver edge sharpness was significantly higher on rGRE images (P < 0.001). Overall image quality was slightly but significantly higher for rGRE than for cGRE (P < 0.001 and P = 0.039). Bile duct conspicuity scores of rGRE and cGRE were not significantly different. Sensitivity for detection of the 26 liver lesions was similar for rGRE and cGRE (81-77 % and 73-77 %, P = 0.5 and 1.0). Lesion conspicuity scores were significantly higher for rGRE for one reader (P = 0.012)., Conclusion: In patients with breath-holding difficulties, overall image quality and liver lesion conspicuity on hepatobiliary phase MRI can be improved using the rGRE sequence., Key Points: • Patients with diminished breath-holding capacities present a major challenge in abdominal MRI. • A free-breathing sequence for hepatobiliary-phase MRI can improve image quality. • Further advances are needed to reduce acquisition time of the free-breathing gradient-echo sequence.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Reply: To PMID 22268181.
- Author
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Chaudhry HS, Davenport MS, and Neville AM
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Male, Angiomyolipoma diagnostic imaging, Carcinoma, Renal Cell diagnostic imaging, Kidney Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Obesity triples the radiation dose of stone protocol computerized tomography.
- Author
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Wang AJ, Goldsmith ZG, Wang C, Nguyen G, Astroza GM, Neisius A, Iqbal MW, Neville AM, Lowry C, Toncheva G, Yoshizumi TT, Preminger GM, Ferrandino MN, and Lipkin ME
- Subjects
- Body Burden, Body Mass Index, Humans, Male, Models, Theoretical, Nephrolithiasis diagnostic imaging, Radiation Monitoring methods, Recurrence, Reference Values, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Obesity complications, Phantoms, Imaging, Radiation Dosage, Tomography, X-Ray Computed adverse effects
- Abstract
Purpose: Patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis are often evaluated and followed with computerized tomography. Obesity is a risk factor for nephrolithiasis. We evaluated the radiation dose of computerized tomography in obese and nonobese adults., Materials and Methods: We scanned a validated, anthropomorphic male phantom according to our institutional renal stone evaluation protocol. The obese model consisted of the phantom wrapped in 2 Custom Fat Layers (CIRS, Norfolk, Virginia), which have been verified to have the same radiographic tissue density as fat. High sensitivity metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor dosimeters were placed at 20 organ locations in the phantoms to measure organ specific radiation doses. The nonobese and obese models have an approximate body mass index of 24 and 30 kg/m(2), respectively. Three runs of renal stone protocol computerized tomography were performed on each phantom under automatic tube current modulation. Organ specific absorbed doses were measured and effective doses were calculated., Results: The bone marrow of each model received the highest dose and the skin received the second highest dose. The mean ± SD effective dose for the nonobese and obese models was 3.04 ± 0.34 and 10.22 ± 0.50 mSv, respectively (p <0.0001)., Conclusions: The effective dose of stone protocol computerized tomography in obese patients is more than threefold higher than the dose in nonobese patients using automatic tube current modulation. The implication of this finding extends beyond the urological stone population and adds to our understanding of radiation exposure from medical imaging., (Copyright © 2013 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Can the localization of primary colonic tumors be improved by staging CT without specific bowel preparation compared to optical colonoscopy?
- Author
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Feuerlein S, Grimm LJ, Davenport MS, Haystead CM, Miller CM, Neville AM, and Jaffe TA
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Contrast Media, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Observer Variation, Optical Imaging methods, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Colon diagnostic imaging, Colonic Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Colonography, Computed Tomographic methods, Colonoscopy methods, Radiographic Image Enhancement methods
- Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the ability of staging computed tomography (CT) without bowel preparation to accurately localize colonic tumors compared to optical colonoscopy., Methods: The local institutional review board approved this retrospective and HIPAA-compliant study. Forty-six patients with colonic adenocarcinoma, preoperative colonoscopy, and staging CT within 60 days of resection were included. Patients underwent contrast enhanced CT imaging without bowel preparation or oral contrast. The colon was divided into four segments with the operative reports used as the standard. Rectal and cecal cancers were excluded. CT scans were reviewed by 5 readers in a segmental binary fashion using a 5-point confidence scale in two sessions blinded and unblinded to the colonoscopy report., Results: At surgery 49 tumors were found in 46 patients. Readers detected 86.1%, 74.3%, and 66.9% of lesions with 92.0%, 94.1%, and 95.4% accuracy for confidence scores of ≥ 3, ≥ 4, and 5. CT interobserver agreement was good (κ=0.82) for the unblinded and moderate (κ=0.60) for the blinded read. Colonoscopic localization was only 78.7% accurate with 2 tumors undiscovered. Colonoscopic accuracy was low in the descending colon (57.1%) and the transverse colon (55.6%)., Conclusions: Preoperative staging CT is more accurate than colonoscopy in the localization of colonic tumors., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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