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Genus Erythropodium K��lliker 1865 Erythropodium caribaeorum (Duchassaing and Michelotti 1860) Description. Encrusting and membranous carpet-like colony, strongly attached to the substrate and with up to 25 evenly distributed polyps (* major perpendicular lengths of sclerites ** axis diameter of sclerites (do not include arms and tubercles) Phylogenetic analysis. Sequencing of nuclear 28SrDNA resulted in ~700 bp, and the mitochondrial mtMutS and COI+igr in ~720 bp each, yielding a concatenated alignment of 1.202 phylogenetically informative sites. All analyses resulted in similar topologies (Fig. 3) and match E. caribaeorum (GenBank accession number: GQ342480 ��� specimen RMNH Coel. 40829) with a p- distance of only 0.3%. A slightly low bootstrap branch support was found with BI when compared to ML. Distribution and abundance. In the SWA, E. caribaeorum seems to be contained to the study site in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, where a single 2 m 2 colony was recorded at 5 m depth., Published as part of Carpinelli, ��gatha Nascimento, Cordeiro, Ralf Tarciso Silva, Neves, Leonardo Mitrano, Moura, Rodrigo Le��o De & Kitahara, Marcelo Visentini, 2020, Erythropodium caribaeorum (Duchassaing and Michelotti, 1860) (Cnidaria Alcyonacea), an additional alien coral in the Southwestern Atlantic, pp. 175-190 in Zootaxa 4822 (2) on page 177, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4822.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4449718, {"references":["Kolliker, R. A. V. (1865) Icones histiologicae oder Atlas der vergleichenden Gewebelehre. Zweite Abtheilung. Der feinere Bau der hoheren Thiere. Erstes Heft. Die Bindesubstanz der Coelenteraten. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 181 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 82233","Duchassaing de Fombressin, P. & Michelotti, G. (1860) Memoire sur les Coralliaires des Antilles. Imprimerie Royale, Turin, 89 pp."]}

Carpinelli, Ágatha Nascimento, Cordeiro, Ralf Tarciso Silva, Neves, Leonardo Mitrano, Moura, Rodrigo Leão De, Kitahara, Marcelo Visentini (2020): Erythropodium caribaeorum (Duchassaing and Michelotti, 1860) (Cnidaria Alcyonacea), an additional alien coral in the Southwestern Atlantic. Zootaxa 4822 (2): 175-190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4822.2.2

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-10-02T13:28:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Leonardo Mitrano Neves.pdf: 2710150 bytes, checksum: e76a622435676fcc3b2281358ce93865 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-02T13:28:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Leonardo Mitrano Neves.pdf: 2710150 bytes, checksum: e76a622435676fcc3b2281358ce93865 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-30 CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico Rocky reef fish assemblages change along extreme environmental conditions gradients; both spatial (across gradients of distance from the river mouths) and short term temporal (diel cycle of light intensity). Moreover, changes in connection to habitat heterogeneity can occur, even for tropical rocky reefs with a more homogenous habitat structure. Knowledge of the way that fish assemblages respond to these changes is fundamental to identify the variables that determine spatial patterns and to predict how impacts in great or low intensity can affect diversity. The main aims of this study were: (1) to determine influence of physical (distance from river mouth and wave exposure), biological (benthic cover) and structural (substratum height and number of shelters) variables in structuring fish assemblages, species richness, abundance, biomass and trophic groups diversity; (2) to assess diel changes in composition and structure of fish assemblages; (3) to relate changes in species composition (beta diversity) with habitat heterogeneity for a small scale (among transects in a given area), and the relationship between beta and alfa diversity (species richness, richness estimation and Shannon diversity). Subaquatic visual census were carried out in Ilha Grande coastal reefs, encompassing (1) islands distributed along a spatial gradient of distance from river mouth; (2) six different time periods, i.e., sunrise (06:00h), morning (08:30h), afternoon (14:00h), sunset (17:30h), early night (19:30h) and night (21:00h) in two shallow coastal reef; and (3) in transect in four areas to assess beta biodiversity. Habitat structure (benthic cover and topographic complexity) assessment was performed (objectives 1 and 3). The distance from river mouth explained from 12.4% to 38.2% of the estimated components of variation (ECV) of PERMANOVA for all analyzed response variables, playing a major role in determining spatial patterns of fish assemblages. Differences between reefs close and far from river mouth reached a maximum of 4.5x for richness, 11x for biomass and 10x for abundance. The substrate height was positively related to fish abundance, species richness and trophic groups diversity (ECV between 7.3 % and 17.4%), whereas the number of shelters was positively associated to small-sized species abundance such as Stegastes fuscus, Emblemariopsis signifer and Scartella cristata. Benthic cover had significant influence to determine spatial pattern in fish assemblage structure and diversity of trophic groups (ECV = 8% and 10%, respectively), but not in species richness, biomass and fish abundance. Wave exposure had significant influence on fish assemblage structure only (ECV = 10%). The fish assemblage changes drastically along diel cycle. Species richness and fish abundance were at the highest during the period of the day with intermediary values at twilight periods, and at the lowest during the night. The highest difference in assemblage structure was found between the periods of the day and the night. The families Sciaenidae, mainly represented by Pareques acuminatus, and Pempheridae represented by Pempheris schomburgkii were more abundant during the night, whereas Haemulidae Haemulon steindachneri, Pomacentridae Abudefduf saxatilis, Chaetodondidae Chaetodon striatus, and Labrisomidae Malacoctenus delalandii were more abundant during the day. The twilight periods were similar in assemblage structure, and had as characteristics species of the day (H. steindachneri, M. acutirostris) and the night (P. acuminatus), reflecting a transitional period. Significant positive relationship was detected between habitat heterogeneity and beta diversity. The area with more ix homogeneous habitat and low variation in fish assemblage was dominated by little threedimensionally complex organisms (zoanthids), while areas that had fleshy algae, turf and zoanthids with a more even percentage cover had higher heterogeneity and beta diversity. For all measures of examined alfa diversity, the area with more heterogeneous habitat and with the highest beta diversity had the highest alfa diversity compared with areas with more homogenous habitat e lowest beta diversity. However, positive relationship between alfa and beta diversity was significant for species richness, but not for estimate of richness and Shannon index. This study demonstrated that changes in assemblages in spatial and short term (from transects to 10 km, and diel cycle) scales may be attributed to changes in local habitat structure, both composition of dominant benthic organisms and habitat heterogeneity and can be associated to behavioral characteristics mainly related to strategies of food acquirement and protection against predation As assembleias de peixes recifais variam atrav?s de gradientes de mudan?as extremas nas condi??es ambientais, tanto espaciais (ao longo de gradientes de dist?ncia da foz de rios) quanto em escalas temporais curtas (ao longo do ciclo di?rio de intensidade luminosa). Al?m disto, varia??es em resposta ao n?vel de heterogeneidade do habitat tamb?m podem ocorrer, mesmo entre recifes rochosos situados fora de intensos gradientes ambientais. Entender como as assembleias de peixes respondem a tais mudan?as ? fundamental para identificar vari?veis determinantes dos padr?es espaciais e predizer como impactos de grande e pequena intensidade podem afetar os padr?es de diversidade. Os principais objetivos deste estudo foram: (1) determinar a influ?ncia de vari?veis f?sicas (dist?ncia da foz do rio e exposi??o a ondas), biol?gicas (cobertura b?ntica) e estruturais (altura do substrato e n?mero de ref?gios) na estrutura??o das assembleias de peixes, riqueza de esp?cies, abund?ncia, biomassa e diversidade dos grupos tr?ficos; (2) avaliar as mudan?as ao longo do ciclo di?rio na composi??o e estrutura da assembleia de peixes recifais; (3) relacionar a varia??o na composi??o de esp?cies (beta diversidade) com a heterogeneidade do habitat, para uma pequena escala (entre transectos de uma mesma ?rea), e as rela??es entre a beta diversidade e medidas de diversidade alfa (riqueza de esp?cies, estimativa da riqueza e diversidade de Shannon). Para tal, censos visuais subaqu?ticos foram realizados (1) em cost?es rochosos da ba?a da Ilha Grande, em ilhas localizadas atrav?s de um gradiente de dist?ncia da foz de rios; (2) em seis diferentes hor?rios, compreendendo o amanhecer (06:00h), manh? (08:30h), tarde (14:00h), anoitecer (17:30h) e in?cio da noite (19:30h) e noite (21:00h) em dois recifes rochosos rasos; e (3) em transectos de quatro ?reas para avaliar diversidade beta. Avalia??es da estrutura do habitat (cobertura b?ntica e complexidade topogr?fica) foram realizadas (para objetivos 1 e 3). A dist?ncia da foz do rio explicou entre 12,4% a 38,2% da estimativa dos componentes de varia??o (ECV) da PERMANOVA de todas as vari?veis respostas analisadas, desempenhando um papel principal nos padr?es espaciais da assembleia de peixes. Diferen?as entre recifes pr?ximos e distantes da foz atingiram um m?ximo de at? 4,5x para a riqueza, 11x para a biomassa e 10x para a abund?ncia. A altura do substrato foi positivamente relacionada com a abund?ncia de peixes, riqueza de esp?cies e diversidade dos grupos tr?ficos (ECV entre 7,3% a 17,4%), enquanto o n?mero de ref?gios foi associado positivamente com a abund?ncia de esp?cies de pequeno porte, como Stegastes fuscus, Emblemariopsis signifer e Scartella cristata. O efeito da cobertura b?ntica foi significativo em determinar os padr?es espaciais da estrutura da assembleia de peixes e da diversidade dos grupos tr?ficos (ECV = 8% e 10%, respectivamente), por?m n?o foram observadas influ?ncias significativas da cobertura b?ntica na riqueza de esp?cies, biomassa e abund?ncia. A exposi??o ?s ondas teve um efeito significativo apenas para a estrutura da assembleia de peixes (ECV = 10%). As assembleias de peixes variaram drasticamente ao longo do ciclo di?rio. A riqueza de esp?cies e a abund?ncia de peixes foram maiores durante os hor?rios do dia, com valores intermedi?rios nos hor?rios crepusculares e atingiram os menores valores durante a noite. Maiores diferen?as na estrutura da assembleia foram observadas entre o per?odo diurno e noturno. Durante a noite, as fam?lias Sciaenidae, representado por Pareques acuminatus, e Pempheridae vii representado por Pempheris schomburgkii foram mais abundantes, enquanto Haemulidae Haemulon steindachneri, Pomacentridae Abudefduf saxatilis, Chaetodondidae Chaetodon striatus, e Labrisomidae Malacoctenus delalandii foram abundantes durante o dia. Os hor?rios crepusculares foram semelhantes entre si, sendo caracterizados por esp?cies tanto dos hor?rios do dia (H. steindachneri, M. acutirostris) quanto da noite (P. acuminatus), refletindo esse per?odo de transi??o. Rela??es positivas significativas foram detectadas entre a heterogeneidade do habitat e a beta diversidade. A ?rea com habitat mais homog?neo e de menor varia??o na composi??o da assembleia foi dominada por organismos tridimensionalmente pouco complexos (zoant?deos), enquanto a ?reas que apresentaram algas frondosas, matriz de algas epil?ticas (MAE) e zoant?deos com uma percentagem de cobertura mais equitativa, tiveram a maior heterogeneidade do habitat e beta diversidade. Para todas as medidas de diversidade alfa utilizadas, a ?rea com habitat mais heterog?neo e com maior beta diversidade, apresentou uma diversidade alfa maior do que a ?rea com habitat mais homog?neo e de menor beta diversidade. Entretanto, as rela??es positivas entre a beta diversidade e a diversidade alfa foram significativas apenas para a riqueza de esp?cies, e n?o para a estimativa da riqueza e a diversidade de Shannon. Este estudo demonstrou que varia??es nas assembleias em escalas espaciais e temporais curtas (desde entre transectos at? 10 km, e ao longo do ciclo di?rio) podem ser atribu?das a mudan?as na estrutura dos habitats locais, tanto na composi??o dos organismos bent?nicos dominantes quanto na heterogeneidade do habitat e podem ser associadas a caracter?sticas comportamentais principalmente associadas a estrat?gias de obten??o de alimento e prote??o contra preda??o

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-19T13:26:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Leonardo Mitrano Neves.pdf: 932793 bytes, checksum: 1e42ee61916afbed6020d0c2430fa7a4 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-19T13:26:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Leonardo Mitrano Neves.pdf: 932793 bytes, checksum: 1e42ee61916afbed6020d0c2430fa7a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-05 CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico The estuarine systems influence fish assemblages, throughout their longitudinal gradients and remarkable salinity changes. Such assemblages adapt to different habitat constraints and change in spatial and temporal scales. The aim of this study was to assess the ichthyofauna composition and structure in three zones of the Mambucaba estuary (CZ ? coastal zone; MZ ? mixture zone and RZ ? river zone) and their relationship with environmental variables and habitat characteristics. Systematic fish collections (2 months in each seasons) were performed between October 2007 and August 2008, by using otter trawl at two sites in CZ (C1 e C2), beach seine at three sites in MZ (M1, M2, M3) and mesh trays at two sites in RZ (R1 e R2). At each fish sampling occasion, both surface and depth environmental variables of temperature, salinity, conductivity, turbidity and dissolved oxygen were taken and depth was measured. A total of 14,320 individuals, in 111 species (RZ ? 18; MZ ? 50, and CZ - 66) were collected. Distinct fish assemblages were found for each zone, as indicated by low number of common species (14 - MZ and CZ; 8 - MZ and RZ; and 2 - CZ and RZ), and only one abundant species (> 1% of the total number of fish within the zone) being common in more than one zone (Eucinostomus argenteus in CZ and MZ). Such pattern can be related to high salinity variation in MZ and narrow (20 m) channel width connecting the estuary with the sea, which can limit fish movement (into/out of the estuary). In CZ, the three more abundant species were Paralonchurus brasiliensis, Ctenosciaena gracillicirrhus, Anchoa lyolepis, Larimus breviceps and Stellifer brasiliensis, with large contribution of fish from the Scieanidae family in this zone (18 species). Spatial changes inf fish species were not consistent in CZ, probably due to lack of spatio-temporal estuarine plume influence on depth environmental variables (ANOVA, p>0.05). Depth was the main factor to influence spatial changes for Diapterus rhombeus (negative association) more abundant in C1 (average depth = 10 m; ANOVA, p0.32, p 1% do numero total de peixes na zona) comum em mais de uma zona (Eucinostomus argenteus na ZC e ZM). Tal padr?o pode estar relacionado ? maior variabilidade da salinidade existente na ZM e a estreita (20 m) largura do canal de conex?o com o mar, fatores que podem ser limitantes aos movimentos (entrada/sa?da) de peixes. Na ZC, as tr?s esp?cies mais abundantes foram Paralonchurus brasiliensis, Ctenosciaena gracillicirrhus, Anchoa lyolepis, Larimus breviceps e Stellifer brasiliensis, com a maior participa??o de peixes da fam?lia Sciaenidae nesta zona (18 esp?cies). As varia??es espaciais das esp?cies foram pouco consistentes na ZC, provavelmente relacionado a influencia da pluma estuarina n?o ter provocado mudan?as espa?o-temporais nas vari?veis ambientais de fundo (ANOVA, p>0,05). A profundidade foi o principal fator respons?vel pela separa??o espacial encontrada para Diapterus rhombeus (associa??es negativas) mais abundante em C1 (profundidade m?dia = 10 m; ANOVA, p0.32, p

CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior As espécies exóticas invasoras são consideradas uma das principais ameaças à biodiversidade marinha. Usamos um BACI-design para investigar as mudanças nas comunidades bentônicas de recifes rochosos relacionadas à invasão do octocoral Latissimia ningalooensis no Atlântico Sudoeste. Mudanças drásticas na estrutura da comunidade bentônica foram restritas ao local invadido e associadas ao crescimento de L. ningalooensis sobre algas turf. Por outro lado, o zoantídeo Palythoa caribaeorum manteve cobertura estável ao longo dos 9 anos de estudo, indicando maior resistência biótica contra o octocoral. Latissimia ningalooensis se espalhou de manchas grandes e bem estabelecidas para novas áreas do recife, aumentando as interações turfoctocoral. Este estudo alerta para o grande potencial invasor do octocoral, devido à sua elevada abundância, capacidade competitiva e de expansão. O declínio na abundância de algas turf após o surgimento de L. ningalooensis ameaça a estrutura e o funcionamento dos recifes rochosos dominados por macroalgas. Invasive alien species are considered one of the main threats to marine biodiversity. We used a BACI design to investigate the changes in rocky reef benthic communities related to the invasion of the octocoral Latissimia ningalooensis in the Southwest Atlantic. Drastic changes in benthic community structure were restricted to the invaded site and associated with the growth of L. ningalooensis on turf algae. Conversely, the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum remained stable coverage along the 9-year study period, indicating a greater biotic resistance against the octocoral. Latissimia ningalooensis spread from large and well-established patches to new areas of the reef, increasing turf-octocoral interactions. This study warns to the great invasive potential of the octocoral, due to its high abundance, competitive and expansion ability. The decline in abundance of turf-forming algae following the emergence of L. ningalooensis threatens the structure and functioning of macroalgal-dominated rocky reefs.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2022-06-02T20:33:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2021 - Rayane Sorrentino Ribeiro.pdf: 3454434 bytes, checksum: 88267f8f9bd8e3c93b11965d295a3a0c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-06-02T20:33:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2021 - Rayane Sorrentino Ribeiro.pdf: 3454434 bytes, checksum: 88267f8f9bd8e3c93b11965d295a3a0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-10-27 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior The inadequate solid waste management, demographic, industrial and tourist growth, inadequate public sanitation policies, are factors that generate favourable scenarios for environmental contamination, especially in marine environments. Coastal areas have dense population density, marinas, ports, sewage channels and intense tourist activity, which aggravates contamination by macro, micro litter, and chemical compounds. Currently, there are diverse methodologies applied to macro litter and microplastics (MPs) studies. Regarding litter, many methodologies used in studies are biased, consequently the analyses and results are imprecise. As a result, this thesis brings two chapters of methodologies applied to macro litter and microplastics studies, followed by the third chapter about microplastic contamination in benthic organisms. The Chapter I approaches methodological concepts usually used to ecological works, in the analysis of litter collected in Sydney Harbour. Simulations of different sizes and numbers of sampling units (transects or quadracts) were performed and the impact of these units on sample precision was calculated. It is noticed that the choice and definition of sampling design directly reflects on the precision of the litter sampling. This is a baseline for future studies on the subject and the consequent production of more precise studies and analyses, not only applicable to litter. Still on methods, Chapter II reviews and describes methodologies applied to the study of microplastics in crustaceans. This review included all papers about MP in crustaceans published up to March 2021. In addition to description of methods, this work supports studies involving MPs in invertebrates, since it presents criticisms and limitations about methods used so far. Finally, as a case study, Chapter III analyses the contamination of MPs in different benthic organisms of the coast of Rio de Janeiro. Contamination was analysed in natural substrate, algae, sponges, and sea squirts, concomitantly related to MP ingestion by epibiont amphipods. Macroalgae are more contaminated by MP, as well as their associated organisms. Sponges and ascidians have different filtering process that influence the accumulation of MP in tissue, as well as its availability to associated organisms. MPs are considered ecosystem compounds and these results report the transference of this contamination in different benthic ecological levels and in sites not previously analysed. O inadequado manejo de res?duos s?lidos, ineficientes pol?ticas p?blicas de saneamento, alto crescimento demogr?fico, industrial e tur?stico s?o fatores que geram cen?rios favor?veis para contamina??o ambiental, em especial nos ambientes marinhos. ?reas costeiras possuem alto ?ndice populacional, al?m de marinas, portos, canais de esgoto e intensa atividade tur?stica, que agrava ainda mais a contamina??o por macro, micro res?duos e compostos qu?micos que interagem e impactam a biota marinha. Atualmente existe uma diversidade de metodologias aplicadas ao estudo da contamina??o e polui??o por macro-res?duos e micropl?sticos (MPs). A respeito dos res?duos, muitas metodologias utilizadas atualmente s?o enviesadas e as an?lises e resultados s?o consequentemente, imprecisos. Desse modo, esta tese traz dois cap?tulos voltados para metodologias utilizadas no estudo de macro res?duos e micropl?sticos, seguido do terceiro cap?tulo sobre a contamina??o de micropl?sticos em organismos bent?nicos. O Cap?tulo I aborda conceitos metodol?gicos usualmente aplicados a ecologia, na an?lise de res?duos coletados no porto de Sydney. Simula??es de diferentes tamanhos e n?meros de unidades amostrais (transectos ou quadracts) foram realizadas e o impacto dessas unidades na precis?o da amostragem foi calculada. Percebe-se que a escolha e defini??o do delineamento amostral reflete diretamente na precis?o da amostragem de res?duos. Este estudo poder? auxiliar futuros estudos do tema e a consequente gera??o de trabalhos e an?lises mais precisas, n?o somente aplic?veis para res?duos. O Cap?tulo II revisa e descreve metodologias aplicadas ao estudo de micropl?sticos em crust?ceos. Nesta revis?o foram inclu?dos todos os artigos sobre MPs em crust?ceos publicados at? mar?o de 2021. Al?m da descri??o de m?todos, o trabalho ? um suporte para estudos que envolvem MPs em invertebrados, pois apresenta cr?ticas e limita??es dos m?todos utilizados at? o momento. Por fim, como um estudo de caso, o Cap?tulo III analisa a contamina??o dos micropl?sticos em diferentes organismos bent?nicos da costa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A contamina??o foi analisada em substratos naturais, algas, esponjas e asc?dias, concomitantemente relacionada com a ingest?o de MPs por seus anf?podes epibiontes. Macroalgas est?o mais expostas a micropl?sticos, como tamb?m seus organismos associados. Esponjas e asc?dias possuem diferentes processos de filtragem que influenciam no ac?mulo de MP nos tecidos, bem como na disposi??o dessas part?culas para os organismos associados. MPs j? s?o considerados componentes do ecossistema e esses resultados reportam o ac?mulo dessa contamina??o em diferentes grupos bent?nicos e em localidades anteriormente n?o relatadas para a ci?ncia.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2022-03-21T18:35:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Natalice dos Santos Sales.pdf: 7339859 bytes, checksum: 88556301900aa9ffa592370931537861 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-03-21T18:35:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Natalice dos Santos Sales.pdf: 7339859 bytes, checksum: 88556301900aa9ffa592370931537861 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-05-23 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior The estuarine ecosystems are known as sites of intense recruitment of several species due their heterogeneity of biotopes. However, little is known about the importance of each biotope in establishment and interactions of these individuals, especially regarding non-vegetated or low complexity biotopes. Thus, the main objectives of this study were: 1) evaluate the dispersion of the ichthyofauna according to specific characteristics of each biotope and its spatiotemporal variations; 2) examine the metacommunity structure models through the application of EMS (Elements of Metacommunity Structure) approach, which is based on pattern of distribution of the species along an environmental gradient; 3) identify the trophic relationships of the most abundant fish species within estuary associated with the availability of prey within each biotope. The study was developed in five biotopes (Beach, Seagrass, Mudflat, Mangrove and Marginal Vegetation) distributed along the Mamanguape River Estuary according to the salinity gradient. The results showed a direct influence of salinity on biotopes, where the Mudflats presented the highest density and biomass of juveniles belonging to Marine Estuarine-Dependent guild (MED). This relationship of salinity to species distribution has led to strong responses in the metacommunity structure, such as formation of clementsian patterns, where a group of species may exhibit physiology and / or similar evolutionary constraints, resulting in a common response to the environmental gradient and certain biotopes. Thus, salinity plays an important role as environmental filter in communities which reduces the dispersion of several species of juvenile fish among the various biotopes, changing patterns of metacommunity. This role of environmental filter played by salinity also influenced the distribution of prey in the environment where Zooplankton stood out in the stomachs and in the environment and the Epibenthic Crustaceans in selectivity by species. The marked presence of these items in environment, in stomach and in selectivity, answer directly in trophic guilds, presenting the Zooplankivores and the Epibenthic Zoobentivores as the most representative. Thus, the association of metacommunity analysis with structure and composition of local communities and the trophic relationships allow to expand conservation and protection sites within these coastal environments, not only related to fish species or other organisms of economic importance, but also areas which favor the establishment of main prey for the development of several species of juvenile fish, which reduces dispersion among the biotopes, changing the patterns of metacommunity. Os ecossistemas estuarinos s?o reconhecidos como locais importantes para o recrutamento de diversas esp?cies de peixes devido sua heterogeneidade de bi?topos. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre a import?ncia de cada bi?topo no estabelecimento e nas intera??es desses indiv?duos, principalmente no que se refere a bi?topos n?o-vegetados ou de baixa complexidade. Assim, os principais objetivos desse estudo foram: 1) avaliar a dispers?o da ictiofauna de acordo com as caracter?sticas espec?ficas de cada bi?topo e suas varia??es espa?o-temporal; 2) examinar os modelos da estrutura de metacomunidades atrav?s da aplica??o da abordagem EEM (Elementos de Estrutura de Metacomunidades), que se baseia no padr?o de distribui??o das esp?cies ao longo de um gradiente ambiental; 3) identificar as rela??es tr?ficas das esp?cies de peixes mais abundantes dentro do estu?rio associada a disponibilidade das presas dentro de cada bi?topo. O estudo foi desenvolvido em cinco bi?topos (Praia, Faner?gama Marinha, Plan?cie de Mar?, Manguezal e Vegeta??o Marginal) distribu?dos ao longo do Estu?rio do Rio Mamanguape- PB de acordo com o gradiente de salinidade. Os resultados apontaram uma influ?ncia direta da salinidade sobre os bi?topos, onde as plan?cies de Mar? apresentaram a maior densidade e biomassa de juvenis Marinho Estuarino Dependente (MED) durante a duas esta??es do ano. Essa rela??o da salinidade com a distribui??o das esp?cies induziu a fortes respostas na estrutura metacomunit?ria como a forma??o de padr?es clementsianos, onde um grupo de esp?cies pode apresentar fisiologia e/ou restri??es evolutivas semelhantes, resultando em uma resposta comum ao gradiente ambiental e a prefer?ncias por determinados bi?topos independentes das diferentes esta??es do ano. Assim, a salinidade desempenha um papel importante como filtro ambiental nas comunidades o que reduz a dispers?o de diversas esp?cies de peixes juvenis entre os diversos bi?topos, alterando os padr?es de metacomunidade. Esse papel de filtro ambiental desempenhado pela salinidade tamb?m influenciou na distribui??o das presas no ambiente onde o Zoopl?ncton apresentou maior abund?ncia no est?mago das esp?cies e no ambiente, e os Crust?ceos Epib?nticos na sele??o de presas pelas esp?cies. A presen?a marcante desses itens no ambiente, no est?mago e na seletividade, responderam diretamente nas guildas tr?ficas, apresentando os Zooplanct?voros e os Zoobent?voros Epib?nticos como as mais representativas. Assim, a associa??o da an?lise da metacomunidade com a estrutura e composi??o das comunidades locais e as rela??es tr?ficas permitem ampliar locais de conserva??o e prote??o dentro desses ambientes costeiros, n?o apenas relacionados as esp?cies de peixes ou outros organismos de import?ncia econ?mica, mas tamb?m as ?reas que favorecem o estabelecimento das principais presas para o desenvolvimento de diversas esp?cies de peixes juvenis, que reduz a dispers?o entre os bi?topos, alterando os padr?es de metacomunidade.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2022-03-21T19:09:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Taynara Pontes Franco.pdf: 1969040 bytes, checksum: 3492315481212ca81da9489407fbdfdc (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-03-21T19:09:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Taynara Pontes Franco.pdf: 1969040 bytes, checksum: 3492315481212ca81da9489407fbdfdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-08 CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico Abstract: Knowledge on the patterns of marine fish movements between nursery areas in estuarine environments and the areas of the adjacent platform where fish stocks are concentrated is a fundamental aspect for the conservation and sustainable use of these resources. The main aims of this study were: (1) to determine patterns of movement and use of the different estuarine and the adjacent coastal systems by the Whitemouth croaker Micropogonias furnieri, identifying profiles delineated by elemental concentration rates in the Sagitta otoliths; (2) to assessment of signatures of semi-enclosed estuarine systems as a tool to identify the origin of the coastal fish; (3) identify a likely new stock of M. furnieri in the North of Cabo Frio that should differ from the population in the Center-South of the State. Individuals of M. furnieri were collected through artisanal fisheries in the main estuarine systems and in the coastal adjacent zone of Rio de Janeiro State. The sagittal otoliths were analyzed by chemical analyzes of strontium (86Sr), barium (143Ba), manganese (55Mn) and magnesium (24Mg) along the core-edge profile of the otoliths through an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer with laser ablation (LA-ICPMS). Two specific patterns were identified, for the movements between the estuarine and the adjacent coastal system, one named Marine Migrant (individuals who make a single definite migration from the estuarine to the adjacent platform) and, the other named Mixed (individuals that after migrating to the platform make visits to the estuarine systems). The specific elemental signatures of each studied estuarine system were identified, with the highest ratios of Ba:Ca and Sr:Ca being characteristics of individuals from the Araruama Lagoon, whereas those with the highest Mg: Ca and Mn: Ca were typical of the Sepetiba Bay. Based on these signatures, the relative contribution of the estuarine systems to the fish stocks of the coast was identified, with the bays being the main sources of export of this individuals to the coast of the State. In addition, isotopic and elemental analyzes were performed through an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and analyzes with nuclear microsatellite markers in samples from the North and the South of the coast, where a possible new stock was identified in the North of Cabo Frio. The use of otolith chemistry proved to be efficient for determining the relative contribution of estuarine systems, mainly from the bays in the contribution of M. furnieri stocks from the coastal zone. Nuclear markers suggest different stocks on the coast of the State. Through the tools used, we could identify relevant information on the determination of species movements that should be taken into account in the conservation programs of this important fishing resource. O conhecimento dos padr?es de movimentos de peixes marinhos entre as ?reas de ber??rio de ambientes estuarinos e as ?reas da plataforma continental, onde se concentram os estoques pesqueiros, ? um aspecto fundamental para a conserva??o e uso sustent?vel desses recursos. Os principais objetivos deste estudo foram: (1) determinar padr?es de movimentos e uso dos diferentes sistemas estuarinos e costeiros adjacentes pela corvina Micropogonias furnieri atrav?s de concentra??es elementares em ot?litos Sagittae; (2) identificar assinaturas de M. furnieri em ambientes estuarinos semifechados como ferramenta de identifica??o da origem de peixes da costa; (3) identificar uma poss?vel nova unidade populacional de Micropogonias furnieri ao Norte de Cabo Frio. Indiv?duos de M. furnieri foram capturados atrav?s da pesca artesanal nos principais sistemas estuarinos e zona costeira adjacente do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os ot?litos sagitais foram avaliados por meio de an?lises qu?micas de estr?ncio (86Sr), b?rio (143Ba), mangan?s (55Mn) e magn?sio (24Mg) no perfil n?cleo-borda dos ot?litos atrav?s de um espectr?metro de massas por plasma acoplado indutivamente com abla??o a laser (LA-ICPMS). Foram identificados dois principais padr?es de movimentos de entrada e sa?da dos indiv?duos dos sistemas costeiros, um caracterizado como Marinho Migrante (indiv?duos que fazem uma ?nica migra??o definitiva de sistemas costeiros estuarinos para a plataforma adjacente) e o outro caracterizado como Misto (indiv?duos que ap?s a migra??o dos sistemas estuarinos para a plataforma costeira adjacente realizam visitas aos sistemas estuarinos). As assinaturas elementares espec?ficas de cada sistema estuarino estudado foram identificadas, com as maiores raz?es de Ba:Ca e Sr:Ca sendo caracter?sticas para peixes da Laguna de Araruama, e de Mg:Ca e Mn:Ca sendo caracter?sticas de peixes da Ba?a de Sepetiba. Atrav?s destas assinaturas, foram identificadas a contribui??o relativa dos sistemas estuarinos para os estoques pesqueiros da costa, com as ba?as sendo as principais fontes de recrutamento ao estoque adulto dispon?vel na plataforma costeira. Al?m disso, an?lises isot?picas e elementares foram realizadas atrav?s de espectrometria de emiss?o at?mica por plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP-OES) e an?lises com marcadores nucleares de microssat?lites em amostras de indiv?duos dos extremos Sul e Norte da costa, onde foi identificada uma nova unidade populacional ao Norte de Cabo Frio. O uso da qu?mica de ot?litos mostrou-se eficiente para a determina??o da participa??o relativa dos sistemas estuarinos, principalmente das ba?as na contribui??o dos estoques de M. furnieri da zona costeira. Os marcadores nucleares indicaram diferentes unidades populacionais na costa do Estado. Atrav?s das ferramentas utilizadas pudemos identificar informa??es relevantes sobre a determina??o de movimentos da esp?cie que devem ser levadas em considera??o nos programas de conserva??o deste importante recurso pesqueiro.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-18T18:36:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Ivan Pierozzi Junior.pdf: 92591526 bytes, checksum: b6f151111ef71de5cd89f7d46f910fff (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-18T18:36:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Ivan Pierozzi Junior.pdf: 92591526 bytes, checksum: b6f151111ef71de5cd89f7d46f910fff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-27 CAPES Rhodolith bed has aroused growing interest of the scientific community, not being different to the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FNA). FNA rhodolith banks occur at depths of 10 to 100m and are peculiar habitat that increases structural complexity, providing increased associated diversity compared to unconsolidated substrates. The interaction between rhodoliths and sponges is the focus of this study. On the banks of AFN sponges play an important role in the stabilization mechanism of rhodoliths, accounting for coalescing neighbour nodules, which may point to an early stage of an on going process of stabilization in the form of a consolidated reef. The presence of reef-building corals in the adjacent rocky shore can also be related to the rhodolith banks as polyp?s skeletons were found nucleating rhodoliths. This study identified which organisms were agglutinating rhodolith nodules at Cabe?o da Sapata (45m deep) and if is there any relationship between physical characteristics of the bank and the occurrence of agglutinated complex. It was also described the physical structure and the frequency of occurrence of agglutinated rhodolith. Sponges was the main group of sessile fauna found coalescing rhodoliths and this process points to a relationship between size of the nodules and the variation in size between the nodes. The importance of sponges to the rhodoliths beds and potentially to the process of consolidated reefs formation is reinforced by this study. Os bancos de rodolitos tem despertado interesse cada vez maior da comunidade cient?fica, n?o sendo diferente para o Arquip?lago de Fernando de Noronha (AFN). No AFN os bancos de rodolitos ocorrem em profundidades de 10 a 100m e s?o habitat peculiares que aumentam a complexidade estrutural, propiciando um aumento da diversidade associada quando comparados com substratos n?o consolidados. A intera??o entre os rodolitos e por?feros ? o foco desse estudo. Nos bancos do AFN as esponjas desempenham um importante papel no mecanismo de estabiliza??o dos rodolitos, sendo respons?veis por aglutinar n?dulos pr?ximos, o que pode apontar para um estagio inicial de um processo permanente de estabiliza??o, na forma de um recife consolidado. A presen?a de recifes coral?neos no cost?o rochoso adjacente tamb?m podem ter rela??o com os bancos de rodolitos j? que esqueletos de p?lipos foram encontrados nucleando rodolitos. Neste estudo foram identificados quais organismos foram respons?veis pela aglutina??o de n?dulos do banco de rodolitos do Cabe?o da Sapata (45m de profundidade) e se existe rela??o entre caracter?sticas f?sicas do banco e a ocorr?ncia de aglutinados. Tamb?m foi descrita a estrutura f?sica e a frequ?ncia de ocorr?ncia de aglutinados de rodolitos. Por?fero foi o principal grupo da fauna s?ssil encontrado aglutinando rodolitos e esse processo aponta para uma rela??o entre tamanho dos n?dulos e a varia??o de tamanho entre os n?dulos. A import?ncia das esponjas nos bancos de rodolitos, e potencialmente no processo de forma??o de recifes consolidados, ? refor?ada pelo presente estudo

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2019-08-27T18:50:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Carolina Corr?a.pdf: 13095052 bytes, checksum: eed6c249b716035da0bfae90c6d2f77d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-27T18:50:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Carolina Corr?a.pdf: 13095052 bytes, checksum: eed6c249b716035da0bfae90c6d2f77d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-30 CAPES Understanding processes that determine spatial species distribution is important to establish effective management procedures to conservation of marine ecosystems. In coastal reefs, factors associated to habitat structure, such as topographic complexity, benthic cover and anthropogenic activities influence fish assemblages and are important to detect the relative contribution of each one for distribution of reef fishes. Fish sampling and measurement of habitat structure (benthic cover and topographic complexity), and factors associated to anthropogenic influences were carried out in the sheltered coastline of Ilha Grande Bay, southern of Rio de Janeiro State. The tested hypothesis is that there is a hierarchy on the influence of these groups of variables, and that the anthropogenic influences are the main factors to determine fish assemblage structure. Photos of the substrate were taken to characterize benthic cover and topographic complexity and quantify the percent of benthic groups, refugees and substrate height. Measurements of distance from the navigation channel distance from the Abra?o town, and an index associated to tourism and fisheries were used as a proxy of anthropogenic influences in the study area. Relationship between potential predictors and responses variables (fish assemblage, richness, abundance, biomass, trophic groups and selected families) were investigated using the distance matrix based linear model (DistLM) to detect predictors that explained variability on response variables A total of 8294 individuals of 68 species, belonging to 30 families were observed in the 100 transects. The most important predictors to explain variability in the fish assemblage structure were the distance from the channel (19.8%), distance from Abra?o town (7.1%) and sediment cover (4.4%). A spatial gradient of samples distribution was observed, with the costal reefs near to the channel having lower abundance of fishes with total length > 20 cm, and lower biomass and species richness, whereas those far from the channel had the opposite pattern, suggesting the effect of tourism and fisheries and from factors related to sediment re-suspension in the navigation channel. The distance from Abra?o town was associated to fish assemblage structure, with the nearest sites having assemblages dominated by species of great plasticity to disturbance and gregarious behavior, whereas the farthest sites had more specialized trophic groups as carnivores and herbivores. Topographic complexity also influence structure of fish assemblage, mainly the substrate height and presence of small crevices ( 21 cm e menores biomassas e riqueza de esp?cies, enquanto aqueles mais distantes tiveram o padr?o oposto, sugerindo o efeito de turismo e pesca e dos fatores relacionados com a ressuspens?o de sedimentos no canal de navega??o. A dist?ncia da Vila do Abra?o foi associada a estrutura da assembleia de peixes, com os locais mais pr?ximos desta fonte de dist?rbio apresentando assembleia dominada por esp?cies com grande capacidade de suportar dist?rbios e comportamento greg?rio enquanto os locais mais distantes foram representados por grupos tr?ficos mais especializados como carn?voros e herb?voros. A complexidade topogr?fica tamb?m influenciou a estrutura da assembleia de peixes, principalmente a altura do substrato e presen?a de fendas pequenas (