1. Neoprzewaquinone A alters the migration, phagocytosis and energy metabolism of IL-15-induced HMC3 cells.
- Author
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Wang, Haixia, Yang, Jian, Sun, Zuoli, Nie, Yadan, and He, Yi
- Subjects
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ENERGY metabolism , *CENTRAL nervous system , *NEUROBEHAVIORAL disorders , *SALVIA miltiorrhiza , *CELL survival - Abstract
Microglia play a major role in the immune defense system of the central nervous system and are activated in many neurological diseases. The immunomodulatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 is known to be involved in microglia response and inflammatory factors release. Neoprzewaquinone A (NEO) is an active compound isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Our previous study has shown that NEO significantly inhibit the proliferation of IL-15-treated Mo7e cells. However, the role of NEO in the structure and function of IL-15-treated human microglial cells (HMC3) remains unclear. Thus, our study aimed to quantitatively analyze the beneficial effects of NEO on HMC3 cells following IL-15 treatment. The cell viability, phagocytosis, migration and energy metabolism were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), scratch assay, pHrodo™ Red Zymosan BioParticles™ Conjugate, and Agilent Seahorse XF Cell Mito Test. Cephalothin (CEP) was selected as a positive drug because it has obvious inhibitory effect on IL-15 and IL-15Rɑ. Our results showed that IL-15 stimulated the proliferation, migration and phagocytosis of HMC3 cells in a time-dependent manner. Interestingly, NEO exhibited significant suppressive effects on these IL-15-induced changes, which were even superior to those observed with the CEP. Moreover, IL-15 treatment did not significantly alter energy metabolism, including glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. NEO and CEP alone effectively reduced glycolysis, non-mitochondrial respiration, basal respiration, ATP turnover, respiration capacity, and H+ leak in HMC3 cells. Furthermore, NEO displayed a partial regulatory effect on mitochondrial function in IL-15-treated HMC3 cells. Our study confirms the effectively inhibition of NEO on IL-15-induced microglial activation and provides valuable insights into the therapeutic prospects of NEO in neuropsychiatric disorders associated with IL-15 and microglia. [Display omitted] • IL-15 can be used as an external activator to participate in the proliferation, migration and phagocytosis of microglia. • Neoprzewaquinone A can be used as a potent candidate for targeting IL-15/IL-15Rɑ and microglia-associated diseases. • We have discovered a novel small molecule inhibitor that has a remarkable effect on the function of microglia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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