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Les tumeurs phyllodes borderlineet malignes, représentent un groupe rare de tumeurs fibro-épithéliales du sein. Du fait de leur rareté, leur prise en charge reste mal codifiée. L’incidence précise de ces tumeurs reste inconnue. Les tumeurs phyllodes malignes représentent la moitié des sarcomes du sein et 1 % des tumeurs mammaires. Leur traitement au stade localisé repose sur la chirurgie d’exérèse, pouvant être conservatrice ou une mastectomie. La place des techniques oncoplastiques et de la reconstruction mammaire immédiate n’est pas documentée. Les berges d’exérèse des tumeurs phyllodes borderline et tumeurs phyllodes malignes doivent être saines, une marge de sécurité pouvant apporter un bénéfice en survie sans récidive locale mais aussi globale en cas de tumeurs phyllodes malignes. La largeur optimale de la marge d’exérèse n’est pas connue. En cas de marges positives, une reprise chirurgicale permet de rattraper le résultat d’une première chirurgie insuffisante. La chimiothérapie ne semble pas apporter de bénéfice sur la survie sans récidive, mais les données disponibles sont particulièrement faibles. Les données sur la radiothérapie adjuvante sont plus importantes. Celle-ci permet un meilleur contrôle local en cas de chirurgie mammaire conservatrice. L’intérêt d’une radiothérapie postmastectomie est moins documenté mais peut s’envisager en cas de facteurs de mauvais pronostic. La prise en charge des tumeurs phyllodes malignes au stade métastatique repose sur l’utilisation de la chimiothérapie (anthracyclines, ifosfamide) et le traitement local des métastases en cas de maladie oligométastatique. Du fait de la rareté de ces tumeurs, il est primordial que leur prise en charge soit discutée au sein d’un réseau de professionnels qualifiés (NETSARC+).

The study of the brain is crucial to its understanding and the pursuit of medical research. Whether it be at the scale of the brain itself or at the scale of a single neuron, there exists a multitude of techniques used to visualize its activity in order to study its inner working mechanisms. To study a specific group of neurons, the preferred method is fiber photometry, which allows to monitor a specific group of neurons marked by a chosen calcium indicator (CI). Calcium fluorescence sensing through fiber photometry is an imagery technique often used with live rodents (usually mice) to visualize neuronal activity while performing a specific task or natural behavior. This is typically done by implanting a probing optical fiber into the brain region under study. The drawback of conventional fiber photometry systems is that the optical fiber connected to the subject’s head limits its movements and creates stress on the mouse. This work proposes an electro-optic front-end for a wireless fiber photometry system with performances worthy of current existing cabled commercial systems. The design of this system rests on the conception of high-performance analog circuits and the development of signal processing algorithms. The system designed in this work offers a reading with an isosbestic point reference with a noise equivalent power (NEP) of 5.4 fW/ $\sqrt {\text {Hz}}$ . The prototype built using inexpensive off the shelf electronic components has a low power consumption of 25.6 mW, where only 5.1 mW is used by the electronic components and the rest is consumed by the light emitting diodes (LEDs) to generate an excitation signal. Thanks to the use of a digital lock-in amplifier, the prototype has a small size and weight while enjoying a 30 dB increase in signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the photometry reading. The prototype was tested in live mice during in vivo neuronal photometry recording conducted in the lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) in response to an aversive stimulus.

Benign uterine diseases are very common gynecologic conditions that affect women mostly in reproductive age. Ultrasound examination is the first-line imaging technique, but MRI is more accurate for diagnosis, characterization, and patient management. In this review, we especially highlight the added value of MRI in the diagnosis of benign uterine disease, discuss their imaging characteristics, and describe the therapeutic options and the added value of MRI in the treatment planning.

This paper presents the implementation of a program transformation that removes square roots and divisions from functional programs without recursion, producing code that can be exactly computed. This transformation accepts different subsets of languages as input and it provides a certifying mechanism when the targeted language is Pvs. In this case, we provide a relation between every function definition in the output code and its corresponding one in the input code, that specifies the behavior of the produced function with respect to the input one. This transformation has been implemented in OCaml and has been tested on different algorithms from the NASA ACCoRD project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L’embolie gazeuse est une complication rare, souvent iatrogène faisant suite à des interventions chirurgicales ou le plus souvent à des complications de cathéters veineux centraux. Nous rapportons ici l’observation d’un patient de 65ans, victime d’une embolie gazeuse paradoxale, cérébrale, coronarienne et cutanée survenue au décours d’une dialyse. Malheureusement, le retard de prise en charge dû au retard diagnostique initial a conduit au décès du patient.

Le but de cette étude prospective descriptive unicentrique était de détecter les RPM du postpartum et de préciser leurs facteurs de risque, peu décrits dans la littérature.

Introduction. One of the most frequently used methods for correction of planovalgus deformity of the foot is the method by Grice Green. Correction of the deformity can be achieved using a corticocancelous graft from proximal tibia, fibular graft as well as by using various types of screws. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the correction of the planovalgus deformity of the foot by using fibular graft.

The first thing to do when natural disasters like landslides, earthquakes, floodings or tsunamis strike an area is to evacuate victims. However, due to damages on roads (crumbling, falling trees, or flooded roads) the evacuation itself can become dangerous and even lead to the death of some evacuees. In this paper, we focus on a new macroscopic model taking into account safety of evacuees during the evacuation process. Our evacuation problem is modelled as a flow with losses problem on which we have to maximize the number of persons that can reach the sink vertex for a given deadline T.

Efficient production resettings are necessary to achieve production flexibility. For this reason, most modern companies are trying to reduce the setup time required to switch the production from one product type to another. One way to minimise these times is to schedule correctly the various tasks involved during a production resetting: changing tools, modifying each machine setting, etc. In this paper, we present how this problem can be identified to an unrelated parallel machines problem with release dates and delivery times where the resources are operators. We show that the data structure allows simplifying the problem into an assignment problem, even when we take into consideration the availability constraints of the operators. A branch-and-bound method is presented which has been tested on industrial and generated instances. [Received 6 February 2007; Revised 22 August 2007; Accepted 11 November 2007]

L'e´tude que nous pre´sentons ici porte sur les impossibilite´s de lecture chez des sujets fe´minins en cours de scolarisation. Elle est comple´mentaire a` un travail de´bute´ en 1985 a` l'unite´ de psychopathologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent du centre hospitalier Sainte-Anne et publie´ en 1994. Les re´sultats de notre recherche sur un e´chantillon de sujets non seulement confirment, mais modulent et enrichissent le constat de la plupart des travaux des dix dernie`res anne´es (voir notre vaste enque^te bibliographique publie´e ici dans un nume´ro pre´ce´dent: Filles, gar c¸ons et lecture: vue d'ensemble sur les travaux re´cents): les e´checs en lecture sont moins fre´quents chez les filles que chez les gar c¸ons. Ainsi, il nous est apparu que: 1)|les filles pre´sentent des taux plus bas d'e´checs en lecture que les gar c¸ons; 2)|ces e´checs sont moins ≪ inattendus ≫ dans la mesure ou`, cause ou effet, ils se produisent dans un contexte ge´ne´ral de limitation; 3)|les positions de rejet et d'incapacite´ adopte´es par les non lectrices sont relativement amendables, a` condition toutefois que leur milieu familial les soutienne dans leurs efforts. Nous exposons, en conclusion, la fa c¸on dont nous nouons les prises en charge et insistons sur leur ne´cessaire coordination.

The aim of this paper is to present a new branch and bound method for solving the Multi-Processor Flow-Shop. This method is based on the relaxation of the initial problem to m-machine problems corresponding to centers. Release dates and tails are associated with operations and machines. The branching scheme consists in fixing the inputs of a critical center and the lower bounds are those of the m-machine problem. Several techniques for adjusting release dates and tails have also been introduced. As shown by our personal study, the overall method is very efficient.

The fabrication, characterization, and ultrasonic measurements of clad metallic ultrasonic buffer rods are presented. The core and the cladding consist of tin/lead alloy and pure tin, respectively, produced by a vertical continuous casting technique. The acoustic velocity profiles across the rod diameter are measured using a 225‐MHz line focus beam scanning acoustic microscope. A schlieren visualization system confirms the concentration of acoustic energy in the core. Spherical acoustic lenses have been fabricated at the ends of the rods. Focused and unfocused ultrasonic measurements at frequencies between 2 to 10 MHz and signals with excellent signal to noise ratios have been obtained.

The 5' cap structure m7GpppN (where N is any nucleotide) is a ubiquitous feature of cellular eukaryotic mRNAs. The cap is multifunctional as it is involved in translation, nucleocytoplasmic transport, splicing, and stabilization of mRNA against 5' exonucleolytic degradation. The cap binding protein, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF-4E), is a translation initiation factor that binds to the cap structure and is part of a complex (eIF-4F) that promotes mRNA binding to ribosomes. Overexpression of eIF-4E in fibroblasts results in cell transformation. To test the hypothesis that some of the biological effects of eIF-4E might be effected by a nuclear function, we determined the cellular distribution of eIF-4E. By means of indirect immunofluorescence experiments using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against eIF-4E as well as transfected epitope-tagged eIF-4E, we demonstrate that a fraction of eIF-4E localizes to the nucleus. These results suggest that eIF-4E is also involved in a nuclear function.

The membrane-bound, sugar-specific enzyme II (EII) component of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) in Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt is repressed by growth on glucose under various conditions in continuous culture. Compared with optimal PTS conditions (i.e., glucose limitation, dilution rate [D] of 0.1 h-1, and pH 7.0), EII activity for glucose (EIIGlc) and mannose (EIIMan) in cells grown at a D of 0.4 h-1 and pH 5.5 with the same glucose concentration was reduced 24- to 27-fold. EII activity with methyl alpha-glucoside and 2-deoxyglucose was reduced 6- and 26-fold, respectively. Growth with excess glucose (i.e., nitrogen limitation) resulted in 26- to 88-fold repression of EII activity with these substrates. The above conditions of low pH, high dilution rate, and excess glucose also repressed EII activity for fructose (EIIFru), but to a lesser extent (two- to fivefold). Conversely, growth of S. mutans DR0001 at a D of 0.2 h-1 and pH 5.5 resulted in increased EIIGlc and EIIMan activity. Unlike the EII component, the HPr concentration in S. mutans Ingbritt varied only twofold (5.5 to 11.4 nmol/mg of protein) despite growth at pH 5.5 with limiting and excess glucose. The HPr concentrations in S. mutans DR0001 and the glucose-PTS-defective mutant DR0001/6 were similar. In a companion study, the soluble components of the PTS (i.e., HPr, EI, and EIIILac) in Streptococcus sobrinus grown on limiting lactose in a chemostat were not influenced significantly by growth at various pHs (7.0 and 5.0) and growth rates (D of 0.1, 0.54, and 0.8 h-1). However, growth on lactose resulted in repression of both EIIGlc and EIIFru, confirming earlier results with batch-grown cells. Thus, the glucose-PTS in some strains of S. mutans is regulated at the level of EII synthesis by certain environmental conditions.

The CD5+B lymphocyte (B1a) population is known to be involved in most immune responses to microorganism Tl antigens. Moreover, xid mice deficient for immune responses against Tl-2 antigens are known to lack the B1a population, suggesting a role for B1a cells in Tl-2 immune responses. We previously established that the oligosaccharide human blood group A antigen stimulated murine Tl-2 immune responses. In this work, we show that the frequency of anti-A-secreting hybridomas was higher in mice with larger splenic B1a populations and that in vivo anti-CD5 treatment reduced anti-A immune response without affecting the response against TD RBC antigens. A similar effect was observed by in vitro anti-CD5 treatment of splenocytes. The in vivo anti-CD5 treatment also interfered with the immunization-dependent increase in splenocyte numbers. These results are in agreement with an important role for the B-cell CD5 receptor in the regulation of Tl-2 immune responses possibly mediated by its interaction with the CD72 ligand.