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217 results on '"Nerome, K"'

35. Recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing an immunodominant epitope of HIV-1 envelope protein within an influenza hemagglutinin cassette predominantly prime epitope-specific CD8+ CTL.

Author

Chiba, M., Takahashi, H., Kato, K., Nakagawa, Y., Fukushima, T., Iinuma, H., and Nerome, K.

Abstract

We constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses (RVV) expressing a 15-residue peptide (P18IIIB; RIQRGPGRAFVTIGK) of gp160 envelope protein from a human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) IIIB isolate using an H1 influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) gene cassette. Immunofluorescent tests with antisera against both H1N1 influenza virus and P18IIIB localized chimeric HA molecules comprising influenza virus HA and P18IIIB peptide intracellularly, but the P18IIIB could not be seen on the outer surfaces of infected cells though weak fluorescence was detected regarding HA molecule. Consistent with these findings, Western blotting confirmed the expression of a polypeptide of about 74-kDa protein representing chimeric HA molecule in the infected cells. These recombinants markedly primed CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific for P18IIIB as well as HA protein of the influenza virus, but failed to elicit P18IIIB-specific antibody despite stimulating production of HA-specific antibody. In addition, the P18IIIB-specific CTL could strongly lyse target cells expressing the whole HIV-1 envelope gene of IIIB strain. Thus, the influenza virus chimeric HA cassette vector system used in the present study appeared to be a useful tool for constructing vaccine candidates which will predominantly prime CD8+ CTL specific for immunodominant determinants of various infectious agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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37. Characteristics of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Directed to Influenza Virus Haemagglutinin Elicited by Immunization with Muramyldipeptide-Influenza Liposome Vaccine.

Author

Iinuma, H., Nerome, K., Yoshioka, Y., and Okinaga, K.

Subjects
T cells, IMMUNIZATION, HEMAGGLUTININ, NEURAMINIDASE, VACCINES, ANTIGENS, HISTOCOMPATIBILITY, INFLUENZA viruses
Abstract

We examined the characterization of the antiviral T lymphocytes elicited by immunization with a novel liposome vaccine (MDP-virosome) constructed with synthetic muramyldipeptide;[6-0-(2-tetradecylhexadecanoyl)-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine], cholesterol, influenza virus haemagglutinin and neuraminidase. The haemagglutinin glycoprotein first appeared to induce a significant subtype-specific cytotoxic activity through its arrangement on the inner and outer surfaces of the MDP-virosome. Splenocytes of BALB/c mice immunized with the virosome vaccine containing H3 haemagglutinin and N2 neuraminidase from human Hong Kong virus markedly lysed H3N2 virus-infected target cells, but not those infected with virus possessing a different subtype such as H1N1 surface antigens. Exposure of these splenic lymphocytes to virus antigen in vitro further enhanced their cytotoxic activity. The cytotoxic lymphocytes generated by the MDP-virosome vaccine expressed Thy 1 and CD4 antigens on their cell surface, and these activities were restricted by class II histocompatibility gene products. The marked reduction of pulmonary virus titres in infected mice caused by transferred immune spleen cells suggested that the MDP-virosome vaccination is able to protect against influenza virus infection through enhanced cellular immune responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1995

38. Synthesis of 6-Acetamido-5-amino- and -5-guanidino-3,4-dehydro-N-(2-ethylbutyryl)- 3-piperidinecarboxylic Acids Related to Zanamivir and Oseltamivir, Inhibitors of Influenza Virus Neuraminidases

Author

Shitara, E., Nishimura, Y., Nerome, K., Hiramoto, Y., and Takeuchi, T.

Abstract

6-Acetamido-5-amino- and -5-guanidino-3,4-dehydro-N-(2-ethylbutyryl)-3-piperidinecarboxylic acids (8 and 9) have been synthesized starting from natural siastatin B, a bacterial neuraminidase inhibitor isolated from Streptomyces culture in a stereospecific fashion. These compounds are related to zanamivir and oseltamivir, inhibitors of influenza virus neuraminidases.

Published
2000

40. Immunological and genomic analyses of two serotypes of avian paramyxovirus isolated from wild ducks in Japan

Author

Nerome, K, Shibata, M, Kobayashi, S, Yamaguchi, R, Yoshioka, Y, Ishida, M, and Oya, A

Abstract

A total of 11 avian paramyxoviruses isolated from migrating feral ducks in Niigata, Japan, were characterized by serological and genomic analyses. Hemagglutination inhibition and immuno-double-diffusion tests with antisera specific for the isolated hemagglutinin-neuraminidase polypeptides of reference strains indicated that, of these, eight isolates possessed hemagglutinin-neuraminidase antigen closely related to that of duck/Hong Kong/D3/75, and the remaining three isolates possessed antigen closely related to that of duck/Hong Kong/199/77. RNA analysis of the eight isolates identified serologically as duck/Hong Kong/D3/75 by oligonucleotide mapping revealed that these isolates were genetically very similar to each other but different from the reference strain and isolates reported previously. The oligonucleotide maps of duck/Hong Kong/199/77-like isolates appeared to be very similar to each other, suggesting the same origin, but not to the duck/Hong Kong/199/77 virus.

Published
1984
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41. Human influenza A virus hemagglutinin distinguishes sialyloligosaccharides in membrane-associated gangliosides as its receptor which mediates the adsorption and fusion processes of virus infection. Specificity for oligosaccharides and sialic acids and the sequence to which sialic acid is attached.

Author

Suzuki, Y, Nagao, Y, Kato, H, Matsumoto, M, Nerome, K, Nakajima, K, and Nobusawa, E

Abstract

Human influenza A virus isolates bearing antigenically different H1 (A/PR/8/34), H2 (A/Japan/305/57), and H3 (A/Aichi/2/68, A/X-31) hemagglutinin serotypes caused extensive hemagglutination, low pH fusion, and hemolysis of asialoerythrocytes reconstituted with gangliosides. Sialylparaglobosides (IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer, IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer), I-active and i-active (VI3NeuAc-nLc6Cer) gangliosides, and GM3-NeuAc commonly exhibited significant specific receptor activity toward the viruses. A/PR/8/34 recognized IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer containing the NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal sequence preferentially over IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer containing NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal, whereas the other two recognized the NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal sequence preferentially over NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal. Responsiveness of erythrocytes labeled with gangliosides containing NeuGc to the viruses used was considerably lower than that of erythrocytes labeled with gangliosides containing NeuAc. The activities of GM1a, GM2, and GD1b bearing NeuAc on inner galactose of the ganglio series core were also very low. These results indicate that sialyloligosaccharides of IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer, IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer, I-active ganglioside, and VI3NeuAc-nLc6Cer in addition to GM3-NeuAc and GM1b-NeuAc (Suzuki, Y., Matsunaga, M., and Matsumoto, M. (1985), J. Biol. Chem. 260, 1362-1365; Suzuki, Y., Matsunaga, M., Nagao, Y., Taki, T., Hirabayashi, Y., and Matsumoto, M. (1985) Vaccine 3, 201-203) are functional receptor determinants toward hemagglutinin of human influenza A viruses, and the viruses differentiate microdomains of the gangliosides, such as the sialic acid species (NeuAc, NeuGc) and the sequence of sialic acid linkages (NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal, NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal).

Published
1986
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42. Heterogeneity of influenza B viruses

Author

Bao-lan, Lu, Webster, R. G., Brown, L. E., and Nerome, K.

Subjects
Epitopes, Research, Ferrets, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humans, Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests, Orthomyxoviridae
Abstract

Antigenic analysis of influenza B strains isolated in 1981-82 from England, Japan, and the USA, using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the haemagglutinin of B/Oregon/5/80, showed considerable heterogeneity among the isolates, the majority of which had distinct reactivity patterns. Antigenically similar viruses were isolated from England, Japan, and the USA, and heterogeneity was detected among isolates from each country. Further studies are needed to determine whether this marked heterogeneity reflects different cocirculating strains or antigenic drift during an epidemic. The monoclonal antibodies failed to detect any difference between influenza B isolates from patients with Reye's syndrome and those circulating in the community.The monoclonal antibodies, each recognizing different determinants on the haemagglutinin of B/Oregon/5/80, were pooled and compared with ferret antisera to determine if the pool could be used as a reference reagent. The monoclonal antibody pool discriminated between isolates, contained no non-specific inhibitors of haemagglutination, and avoided the problems associated with differences between ferret antisera. In general, viruses that were shown to be antigenically different by ferret antisera were also different with the pooled monoclonal antibodies, but further studies are required to determine the optimal mixture of antibodies that will detect epidemiologically significant differences between strains.

Published
1983

43. Antigenic comparisons of swine-influenza-like H1N1 isolates from pigs, birds and humans: an international collaborative study

Author

Hinshaw, V. S., Alexander, D. J., Aymard, M., Bachmann, P. A., Easterday, B. C., Hannoun, C., Kida, H., Lipkind, M., MacKenzie, J. S., Nerome, K., Schild, G. C., Scholtissek, C., Senne, D. A., Shortridge, K. F., Skehel, J. J., and Webster, R. G.

Subjects
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza A virus, viruses, Research, Immune Sera, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humans, Hemagglutination Tests, Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests, Antigens, Viral
Abstract

The objective of this international collaborative study was to compare recent swine isolates of influenza viruses and determine whether significant antigenic differences among isolates from different areas of the world could be detected. H1N1 viruses isolated from pigs, birds and humans in 12 different countries were compared in haemagglutination-inhibition assays with post-infection ferret sera and monoclonal antibodies to H1N1 strains. Using A/NJ/8/76 as the reference strain, we found that recent swine isolates from Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, and the USA possess a haemagglutinin virtually indistinguishable from that of viruses typically associated with pigs, i.e., A/NJ/8/76. In contrast, recent swine isolates from several European countries (Belgium, Denmark, France, Federal Republic of Germany, and Spain) were distinguishable from A/NJ/8/76, as demonstrated by tests in the various laboratories. These studies suggest that the H1N1 viruses in pigs are antigenically heterogeneous and that the circulation of particular variants is associated with the geographical location of the animals. These results raise the question of whether these viruses originated from the same source, i.e., pigs, and have undergone antigenic drift or, alternatively, were introduced from other hosts, such as birds.

Published
1984

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