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Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) (Diptera: Muscidae) is considered to be an important dung-degrading species in Japan. In this study, we report the first mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of N. cornicina. The complete mitogenome of N. cornicina was 17,254 bp in length (GenBank accession No. MW592695), containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a non-coding AT-rich region. Its nucleotide composition was A (41.0%), G (8.4%), C (11.8%), and T (38.8%). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that N. cornicina is closely related to the species of Eudasyphora canadiana. This mitogenome contributes useful information for further understanding of the phylogenetic relationship and species identification within Muscidae species.

Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) New material: Aragatsotn: Rivеr Kаsаkh bеtwееn Alаgyаz аnd Aраrаn, N40° 37 Е 44° 20, 1950 m, 18.vi.2010, 1♂ 9♀, 31.vii.2015, 1♂, and 15.vii.2016, 1♀; Mt Aragats, N40°29 E44° 11, 3380–3420 m, 21.vii.2015, 1♂; below Sрitаk Pаss, N40° 45 Е 44°16, 2300 m, 31.vii.2015, 1♀. Gegharkunik: Rivеr Argiсhi, N40° 09 Е45 ° 16, 1920 m, 24.vi.2010, 1♂; north shore of Lake Sevan, Drakhtik, N 40°33 E45° 13, 1930 m, 22.vi.2010, 1♂; Lаkе Sеvаn, Nоrаdus, N40° 24 Е45 ° 11, 1950 m, 6.vi.2005, 1♀. Kotayk: Tributаry оf Rivеr Hrаzdаn аt Bjni, N 40° 28 Е44 ° 40, 1510 m, 17.vi.2010, 1♂; River Dalar at Aghveran, N 40°29 E44° 36, 1630 m, 23.vi.2010, 2♀; Azat River canyon, Garni N.P., N40°07 E44° 44, 1280 m, 14.vi.2010, 1♀; Rivеr Маrmаrik аt Hаnkаvаn, N40° 38 Е 44° 31, 1920 m, 21.vi.2010, 1♂ 5♀; Tsakhkadzor, forest, N40°32 E44° 41, 2240 m, 30.vii.2015, 2♀, and in faeces trap, 13.vii.2016, 3♀; Tsakhkadzor, heath, N40°32 E44° 41, 2360 m, 21.vi.2010, 2♂ 2♀; Tsakhkadzor, heath, N40°32 E44° 41, 2360 m, 17.vii.2011, 1♂; Tsakhkadzor, heath, N40°32 E44° 41, 2390 m, 17.vii.2011, 1♂ 2♀; Tsakhkadzor, heath, N40°32 E44°40, 2500 m, 17.vii.2011, 1♀; Tsakhkadzor, heath, N40°32 E44° 41, 2280–2360 m, 30.vii.2015, 2♂ 3♀. Lori: Rivеr Gаrgаr аt Kurtаn, N 40° 58 Е 44° 33, 1250 m, 23.v.2012, 8♀. Shirak: Lаkе Arрi NP, Bеrdаshеn, N 41° 04 Е43 ° 40, 1990 m, 17.vii.2016, 1♀; Lake Arpi N.P., Shaghik, N41°04 E43° 36, 2030 m, 16.vii.2016, 1♀. Syunik: Rivеr Меghri аt Liсhk, N39° 03 Е46 ° 10, 1760 m, 23.vii.2011, 2♂ 1♀. Tavush: Aghаvnаvаnk, N 40° 43 Е 45°06, 1260–1320 m, 11.viii.2017, 2♀; River Agstev near Azatamut, N 40°59 E45° 11, 550 m, 24.v.2012, 1♀; Haghartsin monastery environs, N40°48 E44° 53, 1440–1600 m, 26.vii.2015, 1♂ 1♀; Joukhtak Vank, N40°45 E44° 48, 1420–1560 m, 25.vii.2015, 1♂ 5♀, and 1500 m, 9.vii.2016, 3♀; Matosavank, N40°45 E44° 48, 1420–1550 m, 25.vii.2015, 1♂ 1♀. Vayots Dzor: River Arpa east of Areni, N39°44 E45° 12, 1020 m, 7.vi.2005, on fresh human faeces, 2♂ 4♀; Arрi villаgе, N39° 44 Е 45° 16, 1060 m, 28.vii.2011, 2♀; River Darb, tributary of River Arpa, N39°44 E45° 38, 2070 m, 26.vii.2011, 1♀. Armenian distribution: Arаgаtsоtn, Gеghаrkunik, Kоtаyk, Lоri, Shirаk, Syunik, Tаvush, Vаyоts Dzоr аnd Yеrеvаn рrоvinсеs. Prеviоusly rесоrdеd frоm Yеrеvаn (Kаrl 1935: 34, аs caesarion; Hеnnig 1963: 933, аs caesarion); аnd frоm Armеniа (Stасkеlbеrg 1926: 68, аs caesarion; Pоnt 1986: 97; Pоnt et al. 2005: 77). General distribution: A widеsрrеаd Hоlаrсtiс sресiеs, аlsо in thе nоrthеrn Nеоtrорiсаl аnd nоrthеrn Oriеntаl (Pаkistаn Nераl, Indiа) rеgiоns, аnd Hаwаii (intrоduсеd); knоwn frоm Azеrbаijаn, Gеоrgiа, Turkеy аnd Irаn., Published as part of Pont, Adrian C., 2018, The Muscidae (Diptera) of Armenia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4465 (1) on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4465.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1442006, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1781) Species insectorvm exhibentes eorvm differentias specificas, synonyma, avctorvm, loca natalia, metamorphosin adiectis observationibvs, descriptionibvs. Volume 2. Bohnii, Hambvrgi et Kilonii [= Hamburg & Kiel], 517 pp.","Karl, O. (1935) Aussereuropaische Musciden (Anthomyiden) aus dem Deutschen Entomologischen Institut. Arbeiten uber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie, 2, 29 - 49.","Pont, A. C. (1986) Family Muscidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Uol. 11. Scathophagidae-Hypodermatidae. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 57 - 215.","Pont, A. C., Werner, D. & Kachvoryan, E. A. (2005) A preliminary list of the Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera) of Armenia. Zoology in the Middle East, 36, 73 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.2005.10638130"]}

Neomyia cornicina (FABRICIUS, 1781) Bgld, St. Georgen b. Eisenstadt, NSG Nord, 22.5.17; Illmitz, Hölle, 11.6.17, 4 Ex und 18.7.17; Donnerskirchen, Kirchberg, 25.4.17. Neu für Burgenland., Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 783, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374

application/pdf, Effects of the antiparasitic drug moxidectin were studied in laboratory and field experiments in Hokkaido, Japan by pour-on administrations (500 μg/kg) on a target pest Haematobia irritans Linnaeus, nontarget coprophagous flies represented by Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius), and the dung beetle Caccobius jessoensis Harold. The concentration of moxidectin excreted into cattle dung was maximum at 3 days post-treatment both in the first and second trials, and then it diminished. No moxidectin was detected on or after day 21 post-treatment in the first trial, and on or after day 28 post-treatment in the second trial. Larval development of H. irritans was hampered from 1 to 7 days post-treatment. No N. cornicina pupated in dung at days 1 and 3 post-treatment, and pupation and emergence rates were reduced in the dung until 7 days post-treatment. There were no significant differences in numbers and weight of brood balls constructed by Caccobius jessoensis in dung from treated and control cattle. Adult emergence rates of C. jessoensis on days 1, 3, 7, 14 post-treatments were not significantly different between control and treated groups, and more than 90% of adult emergence rates were demonstrated in both groups. In the field study using emergence traps, 3,433 (18 families) flies emerged from dung from untreated control cattle and 1,667 (16 families) flies emerged from dung from treated cattle. Notably, the number of Sciaridae spp. (first Experiment) and Sepsis latiforceps Duda and Sphaeroceridae spp. (second Experiment) significantly decreased in dung pats of treated cattle. From 48 dung pats in the field experiments, total dry weight of major coprophagous flies that emerged was 1,741.8 mg in dung from control cattle and 1,170.0 mg in dung from treated cattle, showing 32.8% reduction in treated dung. Emergence rates of C. jessoensis from brood balls recovered from soil beneath dung pats in the field experiments were not significantly different between dung from control and treated cattle on each sampling day (1, 7, 14, and 21 days) post-treatment.

application/pdf, The effects of antiparasitic drug, ivermectin, on the dung-breeding flies were studied in laboratory and field experiments in Hokkaido, Japan. In two pour-on treatments (500μg/kg), ivermectin was excreted in dung for up to 14 and 21 days after treatment, with peaks at 3 days and 1 day, respectively. Dung from treated cattle prevented the larval development of Haematobia irritans and Neomyia cornicina up to 14 days and reduced the larval and pupal survival rates at 21 days after treatment. In the field experiment using emergence traps, the numbers of emerged flies from dung pats were 3,655 (18 families) in control dung and 2,234 (16 families) in treated dung. Especially, Musca bezzii, Ravinia striata, Sepsis duplicata, Sepsis thoracica, Sepsis cynipsea, Sphaeroceridea, Empididae, Sciaridae and Chironomidae were severely reduced in treated dung. Reduction of cyclorrhaphaous flies similarly occurred at 1, 3 and 7 days after treatment, which coincides with high concentrations of ivermectin. Conversely, Ceratopogonidae and Phoridae increased in treated dung, regardless of days (1, 3 and 7) after treatment. Dry weights of flies emerged from dung pats of treated cattle in the field experiment were only 5.8% of those from dung of control cattle, indicating that dung-decomposing activity by fly larvae was supressed in dung of treated cattle.

The plasma and fecal concentrations of eprinomectin were determined in cattle following topical administration at a dose rate of 0.5 mg kg(-1). The maximum plasma concentrations of 12.24 ng ml(-1) occurred 2 d after administration, and eprinomectin remained detectable in plasma 29 d after administration (0.10 ng ml(-1)). The maximum dung concentration of 350 ng g(-1) was observed 3 d after administration and thereafter for at least 29 d (4 ng g(-1)). The amount of drug recovered in dung during this period was 20.50%+/-4.31% of the total administered dose. The effects of eprinomectin against the nontarget dung-feeding Diptera Neomyia cornicina was assessed under laboratory conditions. Feces voided by cattle treated with eprinomectin were associated with high larval mortality during the first 12 d after treatment, with null emergence until day 7. The no-observed-effect concentration for N. cornicina was estimated to be close to 7+/-5 ng g(-1).

Adults of the dung fly Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius) were fed continuously on either dung containing no ivermectin (control dung) or dung containing 0.125 μg g-1or 0.25 μ g-1ivermectin (wet weight).Comparisons were made between the behaviour of flies during the first 24 h of dung feeding and that observed after 96 h of feeding.Subsequent experiments investigated the effects of ivermectin ingestion on three measures of locomotory ability: escape time, time to re-right, and capture time. Analysis of behavioural data showed a significant reduction in the activity of ivermectin-fed flies compared to that of the controls.After 96 h of feeding on dung containing ivermectin, there was a significant increase in the duration of time spent standing and a reduction in duration and frequency of walking and grooming behaviours compared to controls. Seventy-two hours after the onset of dung feeding, flies fed dung containing ivermectin took significantly longer to escape from a glass tube and to re-right themselves after overturning than flies fed control dung.The time taken to capture flies that had fed on dung containing ivermectin at 0.25 μg g-1was significantly shorter than that required to catch control flies when flies from the different treatment groups were presented blind and randomly.

Adults of Neomyia cornicina (F.) given continuous access to cow dung containing ivermectin at concentrations of 0.5.0.25 and 0.125 μg g-1, the range found in the dung of injected cattle (Sommer et al., 1992), were monitored every 12 h for changes in mass and excretory rates over a period of 3–5 days. Compared with the control insects, adult females that had ingested ivermectin showed disrupted patterns of daily mass change, an increase in dawn mass, and greatly reduced rates of excretion. Flies fed continuously with dung containing ivermectin at 0.25 μg g-1 and 0.125 μg g-1 in a regime identical to the above showed significantly increased abdominal mass compared with the controls. The observations are discussed in relation to other known effects of ivermectin on insect physiology.

Adults of the dung fly Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius) (Diptera: Muscidae) were allowed to feed on cattle dung containing known quantities of ivermectin for a single period of 24 hours. The concentrations required to kill 50% and 95% of the population, within one week of feeding, were calculated to be 0.139 and 0.393 μg/g (wet weight), respectively. Ingested ivermectin was found to reduce significantly the proportion of females ovipositing and delay significantly the onset of first oviposition. For those females which did oviposit, there was no effect of ivermectin ingestion on the number of eggs laid, but the eggs of females fed dung containing ivermectin at 0.15 μg/g showed a significant reduction in percentage egg hatch.

Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) Material examined. 3 females, RUSSIA, Respublika Altai, Kosh-Agachskiy rayon, verkhov���ya r. Naryn-Gol [upper River Naryn-Gol], 2520 m, 49 �� 49 'N 89 �� 32 'E, na surchinakh [from Marmot burrows], 15���19.vii. 2009, V. Sorokina, T. Novgorodova (SZNM). Comments. The larvae of this species are dung-breeders, especially in cattle dung., Published as part of Sorokina, Vera S. & Pont, Adrian C., 2011, Fanniidae and Muscidae (Insecta, Diptera) associated with burrows of the Altai Mountains Marmot (Marmota baibacina baibacina Kastschenko, 1899) in Siberia, with the description of new species, pp. 31-44 in Zootaxa 3118 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.201540

Se analiza la distribución espacial y temporal de los imagos de Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) en un encinar adehesado situado en el área mediterránea de la Península Ibérica. En el estudio se observa una tendencia termófila en el comportamiento de esta especie que, a lo largo de su actividad anual, adapta sus patrones de distribución a las condiciones climatológicas. The temporal and spatial distribution of Neomyia cornicina adults in a Mediterranean oak forest of the Iberian Peninsula are analysed. This species seems to adapt its spatial and temporal distribution patterns to climatic conditions along its annual activity, and a trend towards a thermophilous behaviour of the species is also reported. Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Proyecto de Investigación OOICYT NR PB91-0889.

Spatial and temporal behaviour of Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) in a mediterranean oak forest of the Iberian Peninsula. The temporal and spatial distribution of Neomyia cornicina adults in a Mediterranean oak forest of the Iberian Peninsula are analysed. This species seems to adapt its spatial and temporal distribution patterns to climatic conditions along its annual activity, and a trend towards a thermophilous behaviour of the species is also reported, Comportement spatio-temporel de Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) dans un écosystème de forêt méditerranéenne de la Péninsule Ibérique. La distribution spatio-temporelle des adultes de Neomyia cornicina dans un écosystème pâturé en forêt méditerranéenne de la péninsule ibérique est analysée. L’activité annuelle de cette espèce est adapté aux conditions climatiques de l’environnement et une tendance thermophile de l’espèce est mise en évidence., Se analiza la distribución espacial y temporal de los imagos de Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) en un encinar adehesado situado en el área mediterránea de la Península Ibérica. En el estudio se observa una tendencia termòfila en el comportamiento de esta especie que, a lo largo de su actividad anual, adapta sus patrones de distribución a las condiciones climatológicas., Rojo Santos, Marcos Garcia Maria Angeles. Comportamiento espacio-temporal de Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) en un ecosistema de bosque mediterráneo de la peninsula ibérica (Diptera : Muscidae). In: Ecologia mediterranea, tome 19 n°3-4, 1993. pp. 79-87.

Se aportan nuevos datos sobre la biología y fenología de Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) en un encinar mediterráneo. Así mismo, se analiza la variación anual de sexos y la influencia de la temperatura en la actividad de los imagos y en el ciclo biológico. This paper reports new data about the biology and fenology of Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) in a Mediterranean area. The annual variation in the sex ratio and influence of temperature on the biological cycle and imaginal activity are also analysed. Este trabajo ha sido subvencionado por la Consejería de Cultura y Bienestar Social de Castilla y León (B.O.E. y L.-Nº 248, 1988).