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Modern buildings, shopping malls, and supermarkets nowadays rely on centralized systems to maintain the optimal air and water temperature. These units often placed in the open areas affect the environment by generating a significant amount of noise which influences acoustical comfort in residential areas, and reduces the productivity of the people working in nearby office buildings. The main engineering challenge in performing the noise control of heating/cooling units is that a significant amount of air has to be provided for its subsystem cooling, while at the same time noise must attenuate. Here, a practical approach based on the simulation is investigated, noise reduction system implemented and results observed. Combination of the custom made adsorption elements and the chosen geometry based on simulations showed the promising results that can be applied to various types of HVAC systems.

Background Full-endoscopic operations of lumbar spine are truly minimally invasive surgical procedures. Endoscopic techniques have become the standard in many areas because of the advantages they offer intraoperatively and after surgery. With the interlaminar and transforaminal approach, two full-endoscopic procedures are available for lumbar compressive lesion operations. Our aim was to present and explain all aspects of the full-endoscopic operative technique, and presentation of results of lumbar discectomies and monosegmental decompression in full-endoscopic interlaminar technique performed during 3-year period in comparison with conventional microsurgical operations reported in literature. Methods A series of 350 patients underwent full-endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy, and spinal canal decompression, during a 3-year period, is analyzed. In addition to general and specific parameters, VAS and ODI scale are used as measuring instruments. Results In our clinical series of full-endoscopic operations 88% of the patients no longer had leg pain postoperatively, and 7% had only occasional pain. In 7 (2%) patients minor nerve damage resulted in transient paresthesias, and in 2 patients resulted in neurological deficit. Dural tear occurred in 8 (2.3%) patients, and only 1 had reoperation for direct dural repair. The recurrence rate was 5.7% (3.7% had reoperation). Resection of the herniated disc and sufficient decompression was technically possible in all cases. Conclusions The clinical results of the full-endoscopic technique are at least equal to those of the conventional microsurgical discectomy with advantages such as reduced tissue trauma, improved patient mobility, and lower overall complication rate. With the possibility of selecting the most adequate approach, lumbar disc herniations inside and outside the spinal canal, can be sufficiently removed using the full-endoscopic technique, when taking the appropriate indication criteria into account.

The issue of occupational safety and health of the members of fire and rescue units has been continuously studied by numerous authors. Their interest stems from the constant need to improve the methods and procedures of occupational safety and health assessments for fire and rescue unit members, all for the purpose of preventing injuries, primarily the fatal ones. The fact that a certain number of high-risk situations in which firefighters avoid an injury or death remain unreported poses a serious threat to the firefighters’ safety. This threat has been unjustifiably neglected and it is what motivated the research discussed in this paper, which reveals the results of three discriminant analyses.

Serbia is landlocked country with territory of 88,361 km2 primarily draining through the Danube River/Black Sea Basin. The rivers Tisa, Sava and Velika Morava are three significant tributaries flowing into the Danube River on the territory of Serbia. The dominant natural conditions influencing water resources in the country include characteristics of moderately continental climate, with average monthly air temperature ranging from 0 °C in the winter to 23 °C in the summer, and average annual precipitation sum of 720 mm. The relief changes from mountaneous forms in the south, east and west, over hilly-mountaneous in the central part surrounding the Morava River valleys, to the plain in the north of the country. Geological structure of Serbia is distinctively complex, predominant automorphic soils quickly drain excess water, and forest land is present on one third of the territory with deciduous trees as prevailing forest type. Such natural conditions provide for the average river network density of 747 m/km2, a few natural lakes from the most famous Palic (5.6 km2) to a tiny karstic lake Vrmdža, and groundwater accumulation estimated to potentially utilizable 67 m3/s. The primary water resources utilization sectors in the country are water supply and hydro-power production. Water supply for population and industry is currently distributed from numerous local groundwater and surface water sources, together with 18 regional water supply systems. Hydropower provides for almost one third of the total electricity production in Serbia, with lead hydropower plant being Djerdap I on the Danube River. Irrigation in agriculture holds great, yet insufficiently utilized potential, because the soil and climatic conditions favour many cereals, industrial and fodder plants, fruits and vegetables. In this sector, with present water consumption of 1,600 m3/ha per year Serbia is behind its neighbouring countries. The same stands for water transport, present up to 5% in the total load transport in Serbia nowadays. However, the traffic of passengers and the number of cruise ships have been steadily increasing in the last two decades. Tourism, sports and recreation on rivers and lakes, together with spa tourism play an important role in the overall tourist offer of the country. Also, a promising sector in water utilization in Serbia is fish farming, which together with catch in fishing waters satisfy almost 1/2 of the domestic needs. The chapter describes legislation, regulatory and institutional framework for water utilization, and provides the detailed data and information about natural conditions, as well as the latest monitoring data on water resources quantity and quality significant for water utilization in Serbia. The data and information are mapped and many indicators crucial for understanding commercial, economic and other activities related to water utilization are presented.

Climate change has led to concerns about increasing river floods resulting from the greater water-holding capacity of a warmer atmosphere1. These concerns are reinforced by evidence of increasing economic losses associated with flooding in many parts of the world, including Europe2. Any changes in river floods would have lasting implications for the design of flood protection measures and flood risk zoning. However, existing studies have been unable to identify a consistent continental-scale climatic-change signal in flood discharge observations in Europe3, because of the limited spatial coverage and number of hydrometric stations. Here we demonstrate clear regional patterns of both increases and decreases in observed river flood discharges in the past five decades in Europe, which are manifestations of a changing climate. Our results—arising from the most complete database of European flooding so far—suggest that: increasing autumn and winter rainfall has resulted in increasing floods in northwestern Europe; decreasing precipitation and increasing evaporation have led to decreasing floods in medium and large catchments in southern Europe; and decreasing snow cover and snowmelt, resulting from warmer temperatures, have led to decreasing floods in eastern Europe. Regional flood discharge trends in Europe range from an increase of about 11 per cent per decade to a decrease of 23 per cent. Notwithstanding the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the observational record, the flood changes identified here are broadly consistent with climate model projections for the next century4,5, suggesting that climate-driven changes are already happening and supporting calls for the consideration of climate change in flood risk management. Analysis of a comprehensive European flood dataset reveals regional changes in river flood discharges in the past five decades that are consistent with models suggesting that climate-driven changes are already happening.

The aim of this research is to emphasize the impact of extreme hydrological phenomena on thesustainable management of water-related societal needs. Therefore, it provides a definition of extreme hydrological events, as well as a survey of extreme hydrological events in the Republic of Serbia. It also gives a brief overview of Agenda 2030 with particular respect to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No 6 and highlights the impacts of extreme hydrological phenomena on the water resources, both from the perspective of the ecosystem and the society. Root-cause analysis and synthesis of data related to extreme hydrological events that occurred in the Republic of Serbia for characteristic years have been used as primary methods. The conclusion highlights the necessity of ensuring sustainable management of water resources in order to achieve the desired state of human well-being, as well as a healthy ecosystem. Keywords: extreme hydrological events, ecosystem services, sustainability, water resources, management

Background/Aim. Analysis of air quality in Serbia indicates that the city of Nis belongs to a group of cities characterized by the third category of air quality (excessive air pollution). The aim of the study was to analyze the degree of causality between ambient air quality affected by particulate matter of 10 μm (PM10) and carbon monoxide (CO) and the incidence of respiratory diseases in preschool children in the city of Nis. Methods. We quantified the influence of higher PM10 concentrations and carbon monoxide comprising motor vehicle exhausts in the city of Nis on the occurrence of unwanted health effects in preschool children by means of the hazard quotient (HQ), individual health risk (Ri), and the probability of cancer (ICR). The methodology used was according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and it included basic scientific statistical methods, compilation methods, and the relevant mathematical methods for assessing air pollution health risk, based on the use of attribute equations. Results. Measurement of ambient air pollutant concentrations in the analyzed territory for the entire monitoring duration revealed that PM10 concentrations were significantly above the allowed limits during 80% of the days. The maximum measured PM10 concentration was 191.6 μg/m3, and carbon monoxide 5.415 mg/m3. The incidence of respiratory diseases in the experimental group, with a prominent impact of polluted air was 57.17%, whereas the incidence in the control group was considerably lower, 41.10 %. There were also significant differences in the distribution of certain respiratory diseases. Conclusion. In order to perform good causal analysis of air quality and health risk, it is very important to establish and develop a system for long-term monitoring, control, assessment, and prediction of air pollution. We identified the suspended PM10 and CO as ambient air pollutants causing negative health effects in the exposed preschool children population.

Vibration analysis of the repaired well pump is to determine whether vibrations occur due to an insufficient pump repair or due to some new malfunction that happened after the repair. This paper presents vibration analysis of well pump as well as the applied corrections in order to lower the vibration levels. Vibration measurement of well pump is conducted on measurement points defined by standard ISO 10816-1.

More intense rainfall may cause a range of negative impacts upon society and the environment. In this study we analysed trends in extreme ETCCDI (Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices) rainfall indices in Montenegro for the period between 1951 and 2010. Montenegro has been poorly studied in terms of rainfall extremes, yet it contains the wettest Mediterranean region known as Krivošije. Several indices of precipitation extremes were assessed including the number of dry days and rainfall totals in order to identify trends and possible changes. A spatial pattern relationship between extreme rainfall indices and the North Atlantic Oscillation has also been examined. The results generally suggest that the number of days with precipitation decreased while rainfall intensity increased, particularly in south-western parts of the country. A slight tendency towards intense rainfall events is suggested. The examined rainfall indices and North Atlantic Oscillation over Montenegro seemed to be directly linked to changes in one of the major large-scale circulation modes such as the NAO pattern that is particularly evident during the winter season.

Schwannomas are benign sheat tumors composed of Schwann cells, which are covering peripheral nervs. Although schwannomas can be found in any localisation, retroperitoneal scheannomas are extremely rare. Multiple schwannomas (neurilemomas) can be part of neurofibromatosis type II, as well as schwannomatosis. Depending on tumor localization, disease symptoms differ. We present a patient with multiple spinal as well as peripheral schwannomas as a part of schwannomatosis. Patient was successfully operated in cooperation between general surgeon and neurosurgeon.

The fluvial process is characterized by an intense meandering riverbed. The aim of this study was to perform a reconstruction of the lateral migration of a 15 km length of an active meandering river during the period 1930-2016. River morphological changes were analyzed and quantified from cadastral maps and aerial photographs as well as by geodetic survey and GIS. Hydrological characteristics and extreme hydrological events were evaluated in relation to bank erosion rate. The rate of bank erosion was markedly different from the long-term studied meanders, just like in the short-term period. During the 87 years of observation (from 1930 to 2016), the length of the Kolubara River was enlarged by 3.44 km. The average migration rate of the Kolubara River for monitored meanders in the period 1930-2010 was 1.9 myear(-1), while in the period 2010-2016, the average migration rate was 3.3 myear(-1). The rate of bank erosion was more intensive across the entire short-term period than during the longer period, and the maximum annual rate of bank erosion during the period 2010-2016 varied between 0.3 and 11.5 m. It is very likely that in the period from 2010, frequent discharge variations and rapid change of its extreme values caused more intensive bank erosion. These research results will be valuable for river channel management, engineering (soft and hard engineering), and planning purposes (predicting changes in river channel form) in the Kolubara River Basin.

Introduction. Medulloblastoma is a primitive neuro-ectodermal malignant tumor most commonly seen in childhood and rarely and uncommonly in adult age. Treatment consists of surgery followed by radiotherapy. In the case of a relapse there is no overall accepted treatment. Tumor metastasis can be seen along the neural axis, lymph nodes, soft tissues, bones and distant organs. Case Outline. In this paper we present a 45-year-old female patient with a thoraco-spinal extramedullary metastatic medulloblastoma and progressive neurological deterioration seen 11 months after the first operation and description of magnetic resonance and intraoperative finding. Conclusion. Although rare, the presence of metastasis is a poor prognostic factor. The treatment options for patients with metastases are limited and their prognosis continues to remain poor.

The previous methodology of sampling and determining the suspended sediment con­cen­tration (SSC) in the rivers of Serbia is characterized by a number of disadvantages, so that any re­search of this kind has a large water management impact. In the largest number of hydrological stations in Serbia, daily SSC were obtained based on only one sampling, which raises the question of the representativeness of such sample. Previous SSC – water discharge relationship and detailed analyses of errors in calculating the suspended sediment transport on the profile of Draževac were done for the year of 2004, when the annual difference was very high, which required a very detailed ana­lysis and methodological improvements. In order to define the sediment regime in the Kolubara River, precise monitoring of SSC has been implemented since 2013. The Kolubara River has an unfavourable water regime which is reflected in the excessiveness of water runoff, with floods that are sudden, expressive and short-term, and long-term low waters, so, that are why it is cha­rac­terized by a large discharge and SSC variability. Incidentally, monitoring also covered the year of 2014, when the area of western Serbia (in particular the Kolubara River Basin) was under the influence of extreme climate events that strongly reflected on the hydrological condition with the absolute highest daily discharge. A total of 220 water samples were collected on Draževac gauging station in 2014, in order to determine SSC and sediment discharge. The total number of days covered was 206, which means that there were even more samplings per day, when the discharge was changing fast. The minimal daily measured SSC was only 0.0016 g/l and the maxi­mal recorded value of SSC was 2.6122 g/l and was measured in May at the water discharge of 1 260 m3/s. Тhe total amount of sus­pended sediment discharge at the profile of Draževac in 2014 was 1 104 435 t (the spe­ci­fic suspended sediment yield – 308 t/sqkm/yr). The main objective of this study is to improve SSC – water discharge relationship in the Kolubara River based on the extreme hydrological conditions in 2014.

Introduction. According to the literature, a fusiform aneurysm located in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) is an extremely rare condition. Case Outline. We report a case of a 59-year-old patient with initial dizziness and left-sided sensorineural hearing loss that had gradually developed over six months. Vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysm, with intraluminal thrombus, which was displaced to the right cerebellopontine angle, creating mass effect, was diagnosed using brain magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography. Conclusion. Atherosclerosis may be the essential factor in the pathogenesis of a fusiform aneurysm of the basilar artery, especially in elderly patients. The best treatment option is yet to be determined, but in spite of numerous previous large studies, personalized approach is probably the best.

Climate chambers are a complex system of electromechanical components used for conditioning of air for providing comfort and projected parameters of temperature, humidity, velocity and air cleanliness in the area. In this paper is presented examination of the fan unit company Flaktwoods GJLB-5-071, 17.95 kW, n=1450 rpm, with a multi-functional device Vibrotest 60, the Danish manufacturer Bruel & Kjaer, for diagnostic of parameters of vibration and condition of bearing. The measured parameters are related to: - levels of vibrations (including measurement points on the motor and on the fan) in the directions of coordinate axes, according to ISO 10816-1. - parameters of condition of bearing through the index of bearing condition BCU (Bearing Conditions Unit) and BCS (Bearing Spectrum Conditions) - analysis of the characteristic frequency of vibration in the spectrum, presented by FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation).

Application of the prediction models for railway noise indicators calculation, which was already developed by other countries, represents a major challenge in Serbia. Prediction model "Schall 03" was developed in line with technical and technological characteristics of the rolling stock and infrastructure of German Railways. Prior to its application at the national level, due to different technical-technological characteristics of railway stock and railway infrastructure it is necessary to perform its validation and, depending on the needs, the calibration in accordance with local conditions. This will assure accuracy and precision of the calculations of noise indicators, as well as confidence in the results obtained by prediction model "Schall 03". This paper presents the analysis of the possibilities to apply German prediction model "Schall 03" on the Serbian railway network, more precisely railway section from Belgrade to Romanian border. Calculated values of noise indicators were compared with the results of measurements of noise indicators within measuring interval, which correspond to the referent time intervals for different day periods.

Bank erosion is one of the dominant geomorphological processes in the southern part of the Pannonian Basin. The consequences of bank erosion on the territory of Serbia and the Republic of Srpska were analysed including landscape degradation (lateral migration), socio-economic (land loss, land use changes, economical losses) and geopolitical consequences. The analysis covered the Danube River and the Drina River as the international river border, the Bosna River as a boundary watercourse along the administrative border and the Kolubara River with dominantly antropogenic impacts on the rate of bank erosion . The total amount of lateral migration of the Kolubara riverbed for the period 19252010 is 155 m and the Bosna riverbed for the period 19582012 is 352.2 m. Lateral migration has caused serious problems through loss of arable land (approximately 40 ha) and land use changes in both basins, but also economic loss due to the reduction of agricultural production. For the protection of the Bosna River banks it is necessary to invest 7.91 million Euros, while in the case of the Kolubara River for their recovery 2.54 million Euros were needed. The geopolitical consequences due to the bank erosion acting and lateral migration of the river course were analysed on three paradigmatic examples: the Danube River (the border between Serbia and Croatia), Drina River (the border between Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina) and Bosna River (the border between the Republic of Srpska and the Federation of B&H). The results of this investigation are applicable in the field of water and soil resources management, hydrotechnical works, geopolitical studies, as well as in different aspects of the environmental protection.

Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors. Most of them are malignant, and 80% of them are glioblastoma. The incidence of glial brain tumors is higher in the developed countries of Western Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand. In Serbia, malignant brain tumors account for 2.2% of all tumors. Glial tumors are more common in men. Median survival of patients with glioblastoma is between 12 and 24 months. To date, little is known about the risk factors for the occurrence of these tumors. High doses of ionizing radiation therapy are the only established risk factor that affects the formation of glioma, meningioma and nerve sheath tumors. Two recently published studies on the connection between glioma and changes in genes discovered and verified five chromosomal regions at risk for the development of glial tumors. Better understanding of the genesis of these tumors would lead to improvement in the treatment and possible better outcome for patients with this difficult diagnosis.

This paper presents the results of multi-criteria ranking of the Danube water quality along its course through Serbia by using PROMETHEE/GAIA method. The ranking was based on the values of the water quality parameters measured at eight measuring stations on the Danube River in 2010. For the purposes of the investigation, ten water quality parameters that indicate physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of water were selected. These parameters are also used in the WQI (Water Quality Index) methodology in determining the overall water quality. The results show that the water quality on the exit profile is better than the quality of the water at the entrance profile.

U ovom radu je prikazan primjer računalne simulacije hibridnog električnog vozila u dva različita režima vožnje. Ovaj primjer pokazuje mnogostruko područje rada simuliranog hibridnog električnog vozila. Hibridno električno vozilo je kombiniranog tipa, slično kao u automobilima Toyota Prius. Vozilo ima dvije vrste pogonske snage: elektromotor i motor SUI, u svrhu povećanja stupnja djelovanja pogonskog sklopa i smanjenja zagađenja zraka. Hibridno električno vozilo udružuje prednosti elektromotornog pogona (nema zagađenja i velika raspoloživa snaga pri malim brzinama) i prednosti motora SUI (visoke dinamičke performance i malo zagađenje pri velikim brzinama). Pri simulaciji hibridnog električnog vozila korišten je SimPowerSystems™ i SimDriveline™ (Matlab 11)., This paper shows an example of computer simulation of hybrid vehicle in two different driving modes. This example shows multiple areas of operation of a simulated hybrid electric vehicle. The hybrid electric vehicle is of combined type, similar to Toyota Prius cars. This hybrid electric vehicle has two types of driving power: the electric motor and the internal combustion (IC) engine, to increase the level of efficiency of driving assembly and to reduce air pollution. A hybrid electric vehicle combines the advantages of electric motor drive (no pollution and high available power at low speeds) and the advantages of IC engine (high dynamic performances and little pollution at high speeds). In the simulation of a hybrid electric vehicle SimPowerSystems™ and SimDriveline™ (MATLAB) were used.

The Korbevacka River is located in the southeastern part of Serbia. This river is a main recipient of all kinds of pollutants from the Pb−Zn mine “Grot.” Sediments from the Korbevacka River were studied to determine the distribution of the metals along the river, assess the quality of sediment, and find the degree of contamination. The concentration of iron, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, chromium, and barium were determined. River sediments were collected and analyzed for heavy metal concentration using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The degree of pollution in the sediments of the Korbevacka River has been evaluated based on Canadian sediment quality guidelines, enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and pollution load index (PLI). Inter-metal associations have been evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficients (r). The results indicated that: (1) sediments have been polluted with Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu and have high anthropogenic influences; (2) the ca...

Brain tumors are often accompanied by psychiatric manifestations. Depression is the most common in patients with brain tumors. Better understanding of the relationship between brain tumor and depression would improve the quality of life of patients with these diagnoses. Treatment of brain tumors is often associated with depression. Depression has a significant negative influence on the outcome of the disease in patients with brain tumors. Treatment of depression related to brain tumors is specially studied. The relation between features of brain tumors' size, location and type of tumors and depression are also examined. Further studies in this field should benefit the patients with brain tumors. The aim of this review is to provide a better understanding of depression issues in population of patients with these diagnoses. This objective is significant because depression is a very common complication and comorbidity in this group of patients.

The territory of eastern Serbia is characterized by a variety of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks formed through different paleogeographic developments. As a result of varied natural conditions, the region is vulnerable to various geohazards, such as earthquake, landslide, excessive erosion, flood, rockfall, cave collapse and subsidence. The occurrence of any geohazard depends on the intensity of the process causing it. An assessment of each type of hazard or combination of all hazards is necessary for this region of Serbia which accommodates major power-generation, industrial and mining facilities and has rich mineral resources. Depopulation of eastern Serbia reduces the ability of local communities to invest in the hazard control works. This assessment of the geohazards begins with the reference to the available seismic maps and proceeds with the research in the landslide, potential flood and excessive erosion hazards, then rockfall and rock collapse. Research results suffice to prepare a generalized geohazard map of eastern Serbia showing areas vulnerable to particular natural hazards and to estimate a total area endangered by hazardous processes. The purpose of this work is to locate and classify areas of potential hazards on which future protective actions may be based.

The most common tumor in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) are vestibular schwannomas and meningiomas. The purpose of this study is to present proportional representation according to gender and age, incidence of histological type, as well as relation between tumor magnitude, clinical symptoms and prognosis. A group of 38 patients with PCA expansion were examined and treated in time interval from 2006 until 2010 at clinical-hospital center 'KBC Zemun - Belgrade'. Gender proportion was 22 female (57,1%) and 16 male (42,9%). Middle-aged patients (from 30 to 60 years) were predominant in age proportion 20(52,6%). The most frequent tumor in the study was vestibular schwannoma (63,1%) followed by meningioma (31,6%). The rest were various histological type tumors like cholestatoma, plexus papilloma, glioma etc. (5,3%). Tumor magnitude proportion showed that the most of the scwanoma (over 95%) were grades III and IV (according to Koss classification). The leading admission symptoms were: deferent degrees of hearing loss, cerebellar disorders and trigeminal lesions. The analysis of postoperative results for 38 patients have shown: mortality rate of 13,2%, complete lesion of facial nerve(39,4%), partial lesion(33,3%) and (27,3%) without lesion of facial nerve. Lesions of lower group of cranial nerves (IX, X and XI) had 3 patients (9%) and pyramid deficit had 6(17,3%) patients. This study showed that typical PCA vestibular Schwannoma is predominantly in female and elder population presented. Recommended treatment is surgical (total or subtotal extirpation), followed by adjuvant therapy for elder patients. The most frequent causes of lethal outcome are infections and hematomas in tumor bed. The leading neurological deficit after tumor extirpation is total or partial lesion of facial nerve.

To determine the persistence of depression in families of HIV positive persons in relation to gender, age, social characteristics and family structure. This retrospective study included 124 family members of HIV positive people, who were in counseling work at the Institute for Mental Health in Belgrade during 2010. The level of depression established by Beck Depression Inventory and the Hamilton scale was increased in female family members, especially mothers with HIV. Depressive symptoms are more present among the unemployed members and those who assess the quality of life as poor and unhappy with their health. HIV infection is the disease of modern nation and it is associated with social isolation and stigmatization of people with HIV and their families. This family status may lead to depression which affects the quality of life of the whole family. These studies have shown that the level of depression increases with female members of the family which lives with HIV infection and it is not the HIV status, but their social status that affects the level of depression in the family. Generally speaking, prevention must have support from different levels of social community in order to reduce further development of depression in families with HIV infection.

Original scientific paper UDC: 662.613.5:614.71/.72 DOI:10.2298/TSCI110114033D The monitoring and the control of air pollution which is a consequence of the activities of district heating plants in the area of Nis have indicated that there is a cause and effect relationship between the emitted pollutants and air quality on one hand, and health risk on the other hand. The aim of this paper is to determine the correlation between district heating plants, air quality and health risk. The evidence of this connection is the hazardous health quotient and the level of total carcinogenic risk in comparison to measured immission concentration and expected immission concentrations of pollutants from district heating plants in the city.

Malignant astrocytomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults and comprise 2% of the total number of malignant tumors. Glioblastoma multi forme (GBM) are highly specific for older adults, while in people younger than 14 years, it is extremely rare. GBM is slightly more frequent in males than in females in relation 1.6. This retrospective study included 183 patients diagnosed with a brain tumor, surgically treated at the Neurosurgery Department of KBC Zemun. The group of GBM type of tumors is more frequent than other tumors, as well as greater representation in males 57 (60.6%), compared to the female population 37 (39.4%). In relation to histological type, cases that were operated and re operated were analyzed (diagnosis confirmed by pH test). From a total of 175 operated and re operated 40 (23%) were astrocytomas, 35 (20%) Oligodendroglioma, 94 (53.3%) glioblastoma multiforme and 6 (3.3%) ependymomas. Typical localization of astrocytoma and glioblastoma multi form is inside the temporal lobe. Oligodendroglioma were usually placed in the front third of the cerebrum, with a strikingly common involvement of the frontal region.

Corrigendum Marko Man c ic 1 , Emina Petrovic 1 , Vlastimir Nikolic 1 , Milena Jovanovic 2 , Predrag Rajkovic 1 , Milos Simonovic 1 PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION OF A HEAT PUMP PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY SYSTEM 1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nis, Serbia 2 Faculty of Occupational Safety in Nis, University of Nis, Serbia FACTA UNIVERSITATIS, Series Working a nd Living Environmental Protection V ol . 13 , N o 3 , 201 6 , pp . 165 - 176 , DOI: 10.22190/FUWLEP160 3 1 6 5 M The Editor-in-Chief has been informed that in the article ‘Particle Swarm Optimization of a Heat Pump Photovoltaic Energy System’, FACTA UNIVERSITATIS, Series Working and Living Environmental Protection Vol. 13, N o 3, 2016, pp. 165-176, DOI: 10.22190/FUWLEP1603165M, co-author’s names - Predrag Rajkovic and Milos Simonovic - have been omitted. After further discussion with the corresponding author, the Editor-in-Chief has decided to publish a corrigendum for this article. Link to the corrected article - DOI: 10.22190/FUWLEP1603165M

Corrigendum Thompson Faraday Ediagbonya 1 , S.A. Uzoekwe 2 , H. Ayedun 1 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF GLASS FIBRE FILTER AND RESPIRABLE FOAM USING X-RAY FLUORESCENCE 1 Chemical Sciences, Ondo State University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa, Nigeria 2 Chemical Sciences Department, Federal University Utuoke, Bayelsa, Nigeria FACTA UNIVERSITATIS, Series Working a nd Living Environmental Protection V ol . 1 3 , N o 3 , 201 6 , pp . 215 - 223 , DOI: 10.22190/FUWLEP1603215E The Editor-in-Chief has been informed that in the article ‘Qualitative Analysis of Glass Fibre Filter and Respirable Foam Using X-Ray Fluorescence’, FACTA UNIVERSITATIS, Series Working and Living Environmental Protection Vol. 13, N o 3, 2016, pp. 215-223, DOI: 10.22190/FUWLEP1603215E, co-author’s names - S.A. Uzoekwe, H. Ayedun - have been omitted. After further discussion with the corresponding author, the Editor-in-Chief has decided to publish a corrigendum for this article. Link to the corrected article - DOI: 10.22190/FUWLEP1603215E

Fires caused by spontaneous ignition represent a serious occupational and environmental hazard. The process of tobacco self-ignition is slow but it results in tobacco combustion that is hard to extinguish, causing loss and other harmful effects. This is what motivated us to conduct research on the causes and mechanisms of this phenomenon.The results obtained depend on the methods and equipment used. This paper describes the procedure to specify specimen temperature versus ambient temperature on the basis of time.The equipment used and the measuring process are also described in the paper. We concluded that the values of self-ignition temperature are not laboratory constants for certain species of tobacco but variables, which primarily depend on the temperature of the working environment. The data we obtained in the experiment was used to train an RBF (Radial Basis Function) network. After training, the RBF network was able to predict self-ignition temperature for some cases of working environment temperatures that were not considered. Key words:self-ignition, experiment, tobacco samples

Riverine and torrential floods are the most significant natural hazards on the territory of Serbia. The potentially flooded area in Serbia with a 100-year return period is 15,198.07 km2 (17.2% of total area). Serbia is mostly threatened by the floods of small to medium-size torrential rivers mostly in late spring (from May to the end of June), a period characterised by intensive rainfalls of a few-hour duration. In the Pcinja River Basin, the town of Trgoviste was struck by a flood in May 2010. Two people were killed, almost 170 ha of land and 27 buildings were flooded (including 12 severely damaged), roads damaged or blocked, and 230 inhabitants evacuated. The flood in the Kolubara River Basin of late June 2010 affected 500 ha with 230 flooded households. Total damage was estimated at €370,000. In the watersheds studied, the 2010 floods were natural occurrences, but human action significantly aggravated the disasters. The messages to be learned help improve the system of prevention and the organisation of mitigation of flood damages, in order to reduce it to an acceptable level.

It is well known that most air purifying methods imply the passing of air flow, as a pollutant carrier, through a control unit which retains impurities. Properties of the air control unit and the purifying process itself therefore differ depending on the nature of present impurities, as well as on flow- thermal properties of air as the carrier of those impurities. For the assumed conditions, in terms of production of a pollution source and presence of different polluting substances in the form of dust, aerosols, gas, vapor in the exhaust gas, etc., an integrated gas purifier has been designed and tested, comprising a module for purification of mechanical impurities and a module for purification of gaseous impurities. The purifier is compact and has a universal application while simultaneously retaining several different pollutants. These requirements were met through application of the filtration and adsorption methods. On the formed experimental line with an adequate system of acquisition, filter-adsorber type gas cleaners in the function of flow-thermal parameters of gas mixture were tested simultaneously. Experimental data were used for training the radial basis function neural network, which was then used to model properties of the process and gas cleaner., Poznato je da većina metoda pročišćavanja otpadnih plinova podrazumijeva prolazak struje otpadnog plina kao nositelja zagađenja kroz neki pročistač koji vrši zadržavanje nečistoća. Karakteristike pročistača i samog procesa pročišćavanja se zato razlikuju zavisno od vrste i prirode prisutnih nečistoća kao i od strujno termičkih osobina zraka kao nositelja tih nečistoća. Za predpostavljene uvjete, u smislu produkcije izvora emisije, prisustva različitih onečišćujućih tvari u obliku prašine, aerosola, plinova i para u otpadnom plinu, itd.., Koncipiran je i ispitivan integrirani pročistač plinova koji se sastoji iz modula za pročišćavanje mehaničkih nečistoća i modula za pročišćavanje plinovitih nečistoća. Pročistač je kompaktan, i ima univerzalnu primjenu uz istovremeno zadržavanje više različitih onečišćujućih tvari. Realizacija ovih zahtjeva ostvarena je primjenom metoda filtracije i adsorpcije. Na formiranoj eksperimentalnoj liniji s odgovarajućim sustavom akvizicije, simultano su izvršena ispitivanja pročistača otpadnih plinova tipa filter-adsorber u funkciji strujno termičkih parametara mješavine. Eksperimentalno dobiveni podaci iskorišteni su za obučavanje neuronske mreže radijalnih bazisnih funkcija, kojom je izvršeno modeliranje karakteristika pročistača i proces

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether and at which level the environmental knowledge, responsibility and behaviour are mutually interrelated. The study included 252 participants from 18 primary and secondary public schools of Belgrade, who, on the basis of certain criteria, can be considered representative for Serbia. A linear dependence was found between environmental knowledge and responsibility, as well as between responsibility and behaviour, whereas it was not present between knowledge and behaviour. Results indicate that formal and informal education in Serbia must be made more effective in upgrading environmental knowledge, personal moral norms and pro-environmental habits among young people.

The aim of this paper is to show the real impact of vegetation types on runoff, expressed by a mathematical model. Better understanding of this relationship may significantly contribute to the prevention of extreme natural processes that are more and more frequent in the world in recent years. Particular attention to this problem has been paid after the historic flooding that occurred in Serbia in May 2014, taking away many lives, property and starting up numerous erosive processes. In this work multiple linear regression was used to make an estimation of the mean annual, maximum and minimum river runoff in Serbia for the period of 1998-2009. The sample analyzed consisted of 40 small river basins with natural runoff and the independent variables used were mean annual precipitation, mean annual air temperature, basin altitude, the humidity index, basin area, average basin slope, and vegetation factors separated in 8 categories. It was shown that vegetation has an important role in runoff regulation and that it is justified to classify it particularly into three categories: forests, meadows and agriculture. A total of 33 models were formed with R-2 > 0.8 and runoff changes from 0.1% to 1% within 1% changes to vegetation, depending on type.