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The current study was conducted to determine the impact of immersion using garlic, sumac, and citric acid on certain qualitative characteristics of Japanese threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicus) during frozen storage. Fish were immersed with 1% addition of each natural substance and stored at -18 C for 150 days. The results revealed that immersion with garlic, sumac, and citric acid prevented lipid oxidation and reduced the production of free fatty acids (FFA), volatile nitrogen bases (TVN), and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) in the groups treated with natural substances compared to untreated and water-immersed groups. The lowest pH value was 6.11 at day zero for the frozen fish, which increased to 6.98 at the end of storage for the same treatment. The lowest TVN, FFA, and TBA values were observed in the garlic-treated fish at day zero: 4.2mg nitrogen/100g fish, 0.12%, and 0.27mg malondialdehyde/100g fish, respectively. These values increased significantly during the final storage period to 29.4mg nitrogen/100g fish, 0.88%, and 5.41mg malondialdehyde/100g fish for the frozen fish only at 150 days of storage, with significant differences among treatments and storage periods (P<0.05). The lowest percentage of lost fluids was 2.33% for the garlic immersion treatment at day zero, while the highest value was 5.49% for the frozen fish only at 150 days. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the potential use of these substances in immersion as natural antioxidants and inhibitors of enzymatic, microbial, and quality loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surimi industry produces a large quantity of byproducts that are currently being utilized to produce low‐value commodities. This study aims to extract gelatin from pink perch skin and bone obtained from the surimi industry using a green single‐step extraction method. In addition to using a green solvent, that is, acetic acid, the new method combines the multiple steps of pre‐treatment and hydrolysis into one single‐step extraction process. Response surface methodology was used to optimize extraction parameters (pH, temperature, and time) to maximize yield and l‐hydroxyproline (l‐hyp) content. The optimum condition for gelatin extraction was obtained at pH 3, 75°C, and 30 min. At optimum conditions, gelatin yield and l‐hyp content were observed to be 16.07% and 41.26 mg g−1, respectively. The gelatin obtained at optimized condition was further compared with commercial bovine gelatin (BG) in terms of chemical composition and textural, functional, and rheological properties. The results suggested that the optimized pink perch gelatin had higher protein content (92.06%), better gel strength (251.08 g), higher imino acid (18.01%), and improved textural and functional properties than the commercially available BG. The optimized single‐step gelatin extraction method from pink perch skin and bones is a promising, rapid, and efficient method for the production of good‐quality gelatin, which can be further used for the development of high‐value products such as food formulations. Practical Application: Fish gelatin is widely used in food product development. Most of the existing methods of the development of high‐value product such as gelatin, use multi‐step process and harsh mineral acid, therefore, are time‐consuming and harmful to the environment. This study provides a green single‐step gelatin extraction method that provides an efficient, rapid, and convenient method of gelatin extraction and a sustainable solution for fish industry byproduct utilization. The data obtained with this laboratory‐scale study provides a strong basis for scale‐up studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total number of 100 Nemipterus japonicus was collected randomly from the Western Gulf of Suez, Red Sea, Egypt from September to April 2021. After external and internal examinations, two species of parasites were found. The first species was Mothocya melanosticta isopods (both sexes) with a prevalence of 52% and attached externally to the gills and inside the buccal cavity. The second species, Hysterothylacium aduncum nematodes that was found in three types of distributions in 53 fishes. Firstly, adults were found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with a high prevalence of about 58%. Secondly, larval stages were found in 52 fishes with a high prevalence of about 57%. Thirdly, adults and larvae were found mixed together in 91 fishes with a high prevalence of 91% inside the GI tract of the same host. There was mixed infestations with M. melanosticta and H. aduncum with a percentage of 51% with several observed signs on the infested fishes. To determine the correct identification of detected parasites, both species were subjected to morphological and electron microscopic examination. Based on the present findings, further studies are recommended on the host-parasites relationship.

The Beibu Gulf is the fourth largest Chinese fishing ground, with rich fishery resources and a significant role in marine fishery production. The feeding ecology of fish is important to explain the structure and function of marine ecosystems. As one of the most important fish species in the Beibu Gulf, Nemipterus japonicus plays an essential role in energy flow and other aspects of the marine ecosystem. Understanding its feeding ecology could provide a basic theoretical basis for the rational utilization and protection of this resource. A total of 248 N. japonicus specimens were collected from Beibu Gulf from January to April and August to December in 2018. The food content composition, feeding intensity, and feeding niche of N. japonicus were analyzed using stomach contents to reflect feeding habits. Combined with carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, the food source and trophic structure characteristics were analyzed, the trophic level was determined, and the feeding ecology of N. japonicus in the Beibu Gulf was discussed. The stomach content analysis revealed that N. japonicus is a broad-feeding benthic carnivore, which feeds on a large number of species, including eight prey groups, including fish, shrimp, and crab, among which fish and shrimp are the dominant food groups, with a relative importance index of 92.92%. The proportion of food species varied with the season and growth. Fish were an important prey group across all seasons. Moreover, N. japonicus preyed on shrimp in spring, crab in summer, shrimp and polychaetes in autumn, and shrimp and sipunculoidea in winter. With an increase in body length, the feeding habits of N. japonicus gradually change from primarily feeding on shrimp and fish to mainly feeding on fish, and the body length node of feeding transition was approximately 130 mm. There were clear seasonal variations in feeding intensity, with the highest intensity in autumn, followed by that in spring and summer, and the lowest in winter. N. japonicus had a high prey diversity; the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') was 1.77, and the Pielou evenness index (J') was 0.64. From spring to winter, the H' and J' values tended to increase and then decrease, and the highest value occurred in autumn, which meant that the feeding niche was the highest in autumn. The number of prey species increased with individual growth, and H' and J' showed an increasing trend with body length. The group with a body length ≥ 160 mm had the largest niche width, which suggested that the food diversity increased with individual growth, and the diet changed to broad-feeding.Based on stable isotope analysis, δ13C was positively correlated with the body length of N. japonicus (P < 0.05), indicating that the trophic source changed with growth. The span of the δ13C (CR) range was 2.86%, indicating extensive basic food sources. The span of the δ15N (NR) range was 4.23%, and the trophic span was more than one trophic level, indicating considerable differences in feeding among individuals. A significant positive correlation was found between body length and δ15N (P < 0.01), which indicated that the trophic level increased with an increasing body length. The trophic level of N. japonicus ranged from 3.21 to 4.46, with an average value of 3.97, indicating that N. japonicus species were middle-high carnivorous animals, and were at a high trophic level in the fish food web of the Beibu Gulf. The trophic level obtained in this study is higher than that obtained in other studies, which may be related to the changes in the composition of the prey, N. japonicus has shifted from feeding mainly on the low trophic level (crustaceans) to the high trophic levels (fish).In terms of trophic structure, the CR value of N. japonicus in the Beibu Gulf in spring and winter was lower than that in summer and autumn, indicating that the basic food source diversity in spring and winter is lower than that in summer and autumn, however, there are fewer prey species in summer, which might be caused by the feeding preference of N. japonicus. Simultaneously, the NR values in spring and summer were greater than those in summer and autumn, indicating that the span of the main trophic sources in the feed was higher than that in summer and autumn, consistent with the seasonal variation of dominant prey. Although the standard ellipse area (SEA) overlaps to different degrees among seasons, the total niche (TA) had clear seasonal differences, signifying that there were certain similarities and specific differences in prey resource utilization, which is beneficial for alleviating the seasonal pressure on the dominant prey. Furthermore, the CR value in different body length groups of N. japonicus showed an overall upward trend with individual growth, indicating that the food source diversity increased with growth. The NR value decreased when body length was greater than 130 mm, which indicates that the average trophic level of the population was concentrated when individuals grew to a certain stage. The SEA overlap rate was higher among length groups, implying that the trophic source components were similar at different growth stages; however, TA tended to increase and then decrease with body length, which may reduce food competition within species by niche differentiation.

A total number of 100 Nemipterus japonicus was collected randomly from the Western Gulf of Suez, Red Sea, Egypt from September to April 2021. After external and internal examinations, two species of parasites were found. The first species was Mothocya melanosticta isopods (both sexes) with a prevalence of 52% and attached externally to the gills and inside the buccal cavity. The second species, Hysterothylacium aduncum nematodes that was found in three types of distributions in 53 fishes. Firstly, adults were found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with a high prevalence of about 58%. Secondly, larval stages were found in 52 fishes with a high prevalence of about 57%. Thirdly, adults and larvae were found mixed together in 91 fishes with a high prevalence of 91% inside the GI tract of the same host. There was mixed infestations with M. melanosticta and H. aduncum with a percentage of 51% with several observed signs on the infested fishes. To determine the correct identification of detected parasites, both species were subjected to morphological and electron microscopic examination. Based on the present findings, further studies are recommended on the host-parasites relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Holocolax nemipteri (Pillai, 1973) is redescribed based on specimens of the female recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the original host, the Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) in Japan. Copepodid III sex undetermined of the species recovered from the same host is described for the first time in the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Maximum Entropy Model (MaxEnt) is a high-performance machine learning algorithm that is used to investigate the presence of species and to forecast the possible distribution of a target species according to its maximum entropy under different conditions and to determine the habitat suitability of species. In the present study, habitat suitability modeling for Nemipterus japonicus in the Makoran region (northern shores of the Makran Sea) was performed using the Maximum Entropy Model (MaxEnt). For this purpose, the data obtained from the fishing of Nemipterus japonicus during the period of 2015 to 2019 recorded by the Chabahar Offshore Fisheries Research Center in five areas were used to find points of presence. Based on the results obtained from the model, the variables of sea surface temperature at night and day and chlorophyll a concentration were recognized as the most important parameters in identifying the suitable areas, including the Gowatr bay area. Also, the area under the curve index (AUC) was equal to 0.998, which indicates the high accuracy and efficiency of the model in identifying the most suitable areas of Nemipterus japonicus distribution. The obtained results can be used as an effective tool for effective evaluation of conservation strategies for sustainable yield of Nemipterus japonicus fish stocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The third stage larvae (L3) of Anisakis typica were detected in 2 species of threadfin bream, Nemipterus hexodon and N. japonicus, from the Gulf of Thailand, and were morphologically and molecularly characterized. Total 100 threadfin breams, 50 Nemipterus hexodon and 50 N. japonicus, were examined with naked eyes after the opening of abdominal cavity with scissors. Almost all infected larvae remained alive and active even the fish were transported for 1-2 days. Anisakid larvae were exclusively distributed in the body cavity and rarely in the liver. The prevalence of A. typica L3 were 68.0% and 60.0% in N. hexodon and N. japonicus and their infection intensities were 3.5 and 4.2 per fish infected each. Morphological and morphometric analysis were performed by viewing specimens under both a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Interestingly, the protruded mucron of Anisakis typica under SEM showed a distinct cylindrical shape that differed from the cone shape of A. simplex. The protruded mucron could be used to identify A. typica L3 larvae in the future. A comparison of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA nucleotide sequences of these species revealed high blast scores with A. typica. Conclusively, it was confirmed that A. typica L3 are prevalent in threadfin breams from the Gulf of Thailand, and their morphological and molecular characters are something different from those of other anisakid larvae, including A. simplex and A. pegreffii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, chitosan coatings incorporated with propolis extract (PE) were utilized to extend the shelf-life of refrigerated Nemipterus japonicus fillets. Microbiological (total mesophilic bacteria (TMB) and total psychrotrophic count (TPC)), physicochemical (pH, total volatile bases nitrogen (TVB-N), 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free fatty acid (FFA)) and sensory (color, odor and preference) characteristics of coated fillets were evaluated during 12 days. The results showed that incorporating PE into chitosan solution could significantly (P < 0.05) improve the quality of fish fillets. The results showed that the chitosan+PE samples reduced the extent of lipid oxidation, as judged by TBARS and FFA, suggesting that there is a synergistic effect between chitosan coating and propolis. Moreover, the application of chitosan coatings with PE improved the TVB-N and pH values of the Nemipterus japonicus samples significantly compared to untreated sample, thus extending the shelf life of Nemipterus japonicus fillet approximately >10 days. All wrapped fillets in treatment samples incorporated with PE had lower bacterial counts compared to control (P < 0.05). However, the bacterial counts of chitosan coating combined with PE were lower than those treated by chitosan or PE alone during the storage. The fillets treated with chitosan and PE had the best sensory properties. The increase (>10 days) in the shelf-life was attributed to the antioxidant and antimicrobial characteristics of chitosan and PE. These results confirmed that chitosan coating enriched with PE can be an improving method to reducing deterioration of refrigerated Nemipterus japonicus fillets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study has aimed to determine the food regime of Nemipterus japonicus in Bushehr province water, between Bushehr and Nyband using the vacant stomach index (VI), food behavior index (FB) and gonado-somatic index (GSI) in 2012-2013. Two hundred sixteen filled stomach, 14 semi- filled stomach and 215 empty stomach were analyzed. Small fish and Crustaceans were constituated main and secondry foods with 51.03% and 15.66% respectively. Mollusca were random food (5.52%). VI of stomach was estimated 48.32%. This value demonstrated that this species was moderate feeder. The result of Non-Parametric Multi-Divisional Scaling, shows the stomach contents difference between length classification. Also, determined some independent population which different length group, has no overlap from feed aspect.

Changes in total fatty acids in fillets of yellowstripe scad, Japanese threadfin bream, and salmon when applying different cooking methods were evaluated. All fish fillets (100 g fresh weight) were subjected to deep drying, grilling, baking in foil, and steaming. The results showed that deep frying of Japanese threadfin bream fillet significantly increased the total saturated fatty acid (955 mg/100 g) compared with the other cooking methods (499-612 mg/100 g). Baking in foil showed a significantly lower retention of total monounsaturated fatty acid in all fish fillets compared to the raw sample, especially yellowstripe scad with a total monounsaturated fatty acid content of 175 mg/100 g. Retention of DHA+EPA (mg/100 g) in yellowstripe scad fillet was found to be the highest by applying steaming method (112) compared to the raw fillet (119), followed by baking in foil (108), grilling (99), and deep frying (93). Steaming and baking in foil methods were able to retain the DHA and EPA content in the cooked fillets of all types of the studied fish compared to raw fillet. Deep frying and grilling methods showed a significant reduction of DHA and EPA contents in all fish fillets compared with steaming and baking in foil. The effect of different cooking methods was found to be significantly associated with the true retention values of DHA and EPA. In conclusion, steaming and baking in foil would be the best cooking methods for retention of DHA and EPA in yellowstripe scad fillet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anisakid nematodes are common parasites of fish, mammals, fish-eating birds, and reptiles with a worldwide distribution, causing diseases in human, fish and important economic losses. Methods: A preliminary epidemiological study was carried out on Anisakid nematodes larvae in some commercially important fish species to evaluate the anisakid nematode larvae from greater lizardfish, (Saurida tumbil), Japanese thread fin bream (Nemipterus japonicus), crocodile longtom (Tylosurus crocodilus crocodiles) and longfin trevally (Carangoides armatus) from the Persian Gulf of Iran. Result: The collected larvae were identified mainly as the third larval stage (L3) of Hysterothylacium larval type A, B and C, Anisakis sp., Raphidascaris sp., Pseudoterranova sp. and Philometra sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae). The prevalence of Anisakid larvae infection of examined fishes was 97.2% in N. japonicus, 90.3% in S. tumbil, 20.5% in crocodile longtom and 5.5% in longfin trevally. Anisakis type III for the first time was different from Anisakis type I and Anisakis type II. Discussion: Zoonotic anisakids by high prevalence in edible fish could be a health hazard for people. So health practices should be considered in these areas.

Proper and sensible formulation of ingredients in noodles facilitates its calorie cut down thus making it healthier. Fish being a source of cheap and quality protein can serve in the fortification of noodles. Hence, a study was done to formulate and develop fish noodles from Nemipterus japonicus. D-optimal mixture experimental design with 15 runs was formulated to optimise the different levels of ingredients for noodles. Influence of different ingredients, viz. fish mince, wheat and refined wheat flour (maida) and potato starch, on the physical, cooking and sensory properties of fish noodles was evaluated. The protein content of noodles increased with increase in the fish mince incorporation. Water absorption capacity (WAC) was found to be directly related to the potato starch concentration. Positive correlation was observed between noodle protein content and cooking time. Desirability function scores revealed a noodle combination of 45% fish mince, 47% wheat: maida (1:1) mix and 8% potato starch as optimum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anisakid nematodes are common parasites of fish, mammals, fisheating birds, and reptiles with a worldwide distribution, causing diseases in human, fish and important economic losses. Methods: A preliminary epidemiological study was carried out on Anisakid nematodes larvae in some commercially important fish species to evaluate the anisakid nematode larvae from greater lizardfish, (Saurida tumbil), Japanese thread fin bream (Nemipterus japonicus), crocodile longtom (Tylosurus crocodilus crocodiles) and longfin trevally (Carangoides armatus) from the Persian Gulf of Iran. Result: The collected larvae were identified mainly as the third larval stage (L3) of Hysterothylacium larval type A, B and C, Anisakis sp., Raphidascaris sp., Pseudoterranova sp. and Philometra sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae). The prevalence of Anisakid larvae infection of examined fishes was 97.2% in N. japonicus, 90.3% in S. tumbil, 20.5% in crocodile longtom and 5.5% in longfin trevally. Anisakis type III for the first time was different from Anisakis type I and Anisakis type II. Discussion: Zoonotic anisakids by high prevalence in edible fish could be a health hazard for people. So health practices should be considered in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluated genetic differentiation among ten presumed Japanese threadfin bream,Nemipterus japonicuspopulations along the coast of Peninsular Malaysia based on the partial sequence of the mitochondrial cytochromebgene (982 bp). Genetic divergences (Kimura-2 parameter) ranged from 0.5% to 0.8% among nine of the ten populations while these nine populations were 4.4% to 4.6% diverged from the Kuala Besar population located at the Northeast coast. The constructed Neighbour Joining (NJ) phylogenetic trees based on haplotypes showed the Kuala Besar population forming an isolated cluster. The Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) of the ten populationsa prioriassigned into four regions, revealed that most of the variation occurred within population with a fairly low but significant level of regional differentiation (FST = 0.07,p < 0.05, FSC = 0.00,p > 0.05 and FCT = 0.07,p < 0.05) attributed to the Kuala Besar population.pValue after Bonferroni correction revealed that only pairwise FSTvalues involving the Kuala Besar population with the other nine populations were significant. Thus, this study revealed that theN. japonicuspopulations off Peninsular Malaysia were panmictic. However, the Kuala Besar population, although morphologically identical was composed of a genetically discrete taxon from the rest. These findings are important contributions in formulating sustainable fishery management policies for this important fishery in Peninsular Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gonado-somatic index (GSI) of Nemipterus japonicus was studied during the period August 2003 – January 2004. Size wise gonadal maturation was determined quantitatively by gonodo-somatic index in both sexes. A positive relationship between GSI values and stages of development of gonad was found. High GSI values at 230-260 mm TL in males and at 210 mm, 220 mm, 230-250 mm and 270 mm TL in females indicate the cent percentage maturation.

Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) is among the most abundant and commercially important species in Pakistan. From the coast of Pakistan, four demersal trawl surveys in October-November 2009 and May-June, August, October and November in 2010 were carried out. The purpose of this study is to estimate the population dynamics and status of the stock of the N. japonicus from Pakistani waters based on the research trawl surveys from the research area. The data consist of n=784 length-weight pairs and n=7 530 length frequency with the maximum length and weight of 29 cm and 358 g respectively. The length frequency data were analyzed using ELEFAN method in FiSAT computer package. The parameters of length and weight relationship were b=2.778, a=0.032 and R=0.973. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth function parameters were L=30.45 cm, K=0.270 year. Based on length-converted catch curve analysis the total mortality ( Z) during this study was estimated at 0.960 year. The natural mortality coefficient ( M) was 0.74 year using Pauly's equation (the annual average sea surface temperature was 27°C), therefore, the fishing mortality coefficients ( F) were 0.22 year. The yield per recruit analysis indicated that when t was 2, F was estimated at 1.2 and F at 1.1. When t was 1, F was estimated at 0.95 and F at 0.8. Because current age at first capture is about 1 year and F was 0.22, F is smaller than F and F, which indicated that the fishery is about in a safe condition. When using Gulland (1971) biological reference point, F was equals to M (0.74). The current fishing mortality rate of 0.22 was smaller than the target biological reference point. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was undertaken with the aim of reducing the concentration of cryoprotectants in surimi without adversely affecting frozen storage stability. Minced meat from a tropical fish, Nemipterus japonicus, was strained, water leached and mixed with different levels of sucrose-sorbitol (1:1) mixture (henceforth called sugar mixture), quick frozen at −35 °C and frozen stored at −20 °C. The surimi samples were subjected to storage stability studies for a period of 5 months. Water leaching resulted in slight absorption of water by meat and reduction in protein, fat and mineral contents. Surimi was found to have moderately white colour. Sensory evaluation studies were conducted on three products, viz., sausage, patty and cake, prepared using surimi containing different concentrations of sugar mixture. Sugar mixture content varying from 0% (control) to 4% in surimi resulted in products that were more acceptable to the taste panelists compared those with 6% and 8% sugar mixture. During frozen storage of surimi pH and total plate count remained nearly steady for all sugar mixture concentrations and throughout the storage period. Moisture content appeared to remain constant during storage, but decreased with increase in sugar concentration. The salt soluble nitrogen content of surimi and gel strength of sausage prepared from it decreased with storage period in all surimi samples, and increased with sugar mixture concentration. Expressible water content of surimi sausage showed an increasing trend with storage period of surimi and a decreasing trend with sugar mixture concentration. Sensory evaluation parameters-elasticity, sweetness and preference-remained more or less steady during storage. However elasticity and sweetness increased and preference decreased with sugar mixture concentration beyond 4%. Elasticity and gel strength of surimi sausage seemed to be much lower for control compared to even the lowest concentration of sugar (2%) used. A concentration of 2 to 4% sucrose-sorbitol mixture is well-accepted by the consumers in products-surimi sausage, patty and cake and at this range of concentration surimi could be well-preserved at −20 °C for at least 5 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The rate of fish invasion into the Mediterranean Sea has increased in recent decades; collectively they have significant ecological and economic impacts in the eastern Mediterranean. One of this species is Japanese thread fin bream Nemipterus japonicus that gradually get abundance in the Egyptian Mediterranean coast bottom trawl catch. During 2011, monthly samples of N. japonicus caught off Abu Qir area, Alexandria-Egypt, were used to estimate some biological parameters of this immigrant species. Females were more in abundance than male in the catch deviated to smaller size than male. Spawning season extended from April to November with highest activities in July. Maximum observed age was 3years for both sexes with no significant difference between their lengths at age. Length-at-age was fitted to the Von Bertalanffy growth models. Present results of the Mediterranean Sea population showed lower biological (e.g. growth and longevity) condition comparing to original indo-pacific population. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Functional properties and antioxidant activity of pink perch ( Nemipterus japonicus) muscle hydrolysed by three different enzymes papain, pepsin and trypsin were studied. The protein hydrolysates produced by trypsin had an excellent solubility (98%) compared to pepsin (77%) and papain hydrolysate (74%). Conversely, the emulsifying activity index (ESI) and foaming abilities were affected by pH. DPPH radical scavenging ability, reducing power and metal chelating activity of protein hydrolysates increased with increase in concentration. Lipid peroxidation was strongly inhibited by 64% by protein hydrolysates produced by trypsin. The results revealed that the functional properties and antioxidant activities of pink perch were greatly affected by the enzymes used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 188 fish samples of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) were collected from north west of the Arabian Gulf (latitudes 48° 44′ to 48° 46′; longitude 29° 46′ to 29° 47′) during the period from January 2011 till January 2012. The copepod Caligus epinepheli Yamaguti, 1936 was recorded from the gills during most months of the year. Descriptions of adult parasites and chalimi (larval stages of the parasites) were included. Females body length range was 1.38-2.55 (2.16) mm. Egg sac length 0.99-1.80 (1.31) mm, the number of eggs ranged from 13-22 (17) in each egg sac. The range of the males body length was 1.45-1.73 (1.59) mm. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the infestations of both sexes of the host (except in fish group with body length 18-21cm.).The highest incidence of infestation was recorded during March and June (57.1%), while the lower level of infestation was recorded during December (7.6%). The high intensity of infestation was recorded during April (10), while the lowest intensity of infestation was recorded in December (1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, bioactive peptide was isolated from protein hydrolysate of Nemipterus japonicus backbone hydrolysed by trypsin. Functional properties like solubility, emulsifying, and foaming capacities of protein hydrolysate were governed by pH. Protein hydrolysate was fractionated by DEAE XK 26/20 anion exchange chromatography followed by G-25 gel filtration chromatography. The fractions collected were tested for radical scavenging properties on DPPH, hydroxyl, and superoxide radicals by electron spin resonance spectrometer. Amino acid composition of a potent fraction was rich in glutamic acid (21.20 g/100 g), lysine (37.50 g/100 g), aspartic acid (5.8 g/100 g), arginine (5.4 g/100 g), and glycine (2.84 g/100 g). Moreover, the potent fraction showed no cytotoxicity on Vero cell lines till 0–100 μg/ml with CC50 = 94 μg/ml, whereas it exerted a significant antitumor property against HepG2 cell line with an IC50 value of 61.1 μg/ml. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In the present study, protein of muscles of commercially important marine fishes Nemipterus japonicus and Exocoetus volitans were extracted by trypsin and their hydrolysis conditions viz., temperature, time, and enzyme to substrate concentration on degree of hydrolysis were studied by response surface methodology. The optimum values for N. japonicus was found as temperature, 30°C, hydrolysis time of 100 min an enzyme/substrate concentration of 1.59% whereas, for E. volitans muscle protein, optimum hydrolysis conditions were temperature, 30°C, hydrolysis time of 115 min and enzyme/substrate concentration of 1.67%. Furthermore, amino acid sequence of antioxidant peptides derived after chromatographic purification was identified by ESI-MS/MS. The analysis of peptides showed sequences as Glu-Ser-Asp-Arg-Pro (620.3 Da) and Gly-Trp-Met-Gly-Cys-Trp (747.3) for N. japonicus and E. volitans muscle, respectively. The peptides contained important antioxidant amino acids and acted as good antioxidant peptides to scavenge free radicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A specimen of the Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus was recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea. The presence of this Indo-Pacific fish in the Mediterranean is evidently due to migration from the Red Sea via the Suez Canal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catch rates and sizes of Saurida undosquamis and Nemipterus japonicus were more variable during daytime. But, Pomadasys stridens were more variable in night tows. Catch rates of S. undosquamis and N. japonicus were higher during daytime and of significantly small mean fish size. Inversely, P. stridens had significant higher catch rates and the fish caught were smaller in night tows.Variability of catch rate and size of Penaeus semisulcatus and Penaeus japonicus was higher at night. Daytime catch rates were significantly lower and of smaller mean shrimp size. Penaeus latisulcatus was available only at night. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The aim of this study was to investigate and estimate the CPUE (Catch Per Unit of Effort), CPUA (Catch Per Unit of Swept Area), biomass and length frequency of Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus japonicus) in Coastal waters of Bushehr. This study was carried out in March 2011. The study area was divided into three area (Northern, Central and Southern) and depth zones (10-20, 20-30 and 30-50 m) and stratified random sampling was used to collect data. The sampling data was collected from 41 stations. The forked length of Nemipterus japonicas was ranged from 14 to 29 cm and the average forked length was calculated 20.29±2.64. Total CPUE and biomass of Nemipterus japonicas were calculated 16259 tonnes and 1771 kg/hours, respectively. The minimum and maximum CPUE were observed in 20-30 m depth zone (169.1 kg/hours) and 30-50 depth zone (1370.8 kg/hours), respectively. Total CPUA of Nemipterus japonicus was calculated 19678.8 kg/nm2. The minimum and maximum CPUA were observed in 10-20 m depth zone with 4.1 kg/nm2 and 30-50 m depth zone with 2147.7 kg/nm2, respectively. The results showed that the most abundance of Nemipterus japonicus was in higher than 30 m depth zones in Bushehr waters.