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Planta medicinal é qualquer planta que produza princípios ativos que possam ser utilizados com finalidade terapêutica. Essas plantas podem ser atacadas por pragas e doenças que comprometem suas propriedades curativas e a produção. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a reação de boldo (Plectranthus barbatus), menta (Mentha spicata), penicilina (Alternanthera brasiliana), hortelã-pimenta (Mentha piperita) e citronela (Cymbopogon nardus) a Meloidogyne javanica. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação no campo experimental do Instituto Taquaritinguense de Ensino Superior (ITES), Taquaritinga, SP, a partir de mudas transplantadas para vasos de 5 L contendo substrato esterilizado. Realizou-se a inoculação nas mudas após 20 dias do transplante com 640 ovos + juvenis de segundo estádio (J2) por planta. Decorridos 90 dias após a inoculação, as raízes foram processadas para extração dos ovos e determinação do fator de reprodução (FR) do nematoide. Todas as plantas medicinais avaliadas foram resistentes (FR < 1) a M. javanica, podendo ser utilizadas em rotação de culturas em áreas com ocorrência desse nematoide. Medicinal plant is any plant that produces active principles that can be used for therapeutic purposes. These plants can be attacked by pests and diseases that compromise healing properties and production. In this sense, the aim of the present work was to evaluate the reaction of boldo (Plectranthus barbatus), mint (Mentha spicata), penicillin (Alternanthera brasiliana), peppermint (Mentha piperita), and citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) to Meloidogyne javanica. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in the experimental field of Instituto Taquaritinguense de Ensino Superior (ITES), municipality of Taquaritinga, São Paulo state, Brazil, using seedlings transplanted into 5 L pots containing sterilized substrate. The seedlings were inoculated 20 days after transplanting with 640 eggs + second stage juveniles (J2) per plant. After 90 days after inoculation, the roots were processed to extract the eggs, and determine the nematode reproduction factor (RF). All medicinal plants evaluated were resistant (RF < 1) to M. javanica, and can be used in crop rotation in areas with occurrence of this nematode. Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-15T17:06:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 27361.pdf: 213035 bytes, checksum: ae0e75ab8d8d2b0d0175dbf60ddd389d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022

A cenoura é uma hortaliça do grupo das raízes tuberosas, cultivada em larga escala em vários estados brasileiros. Dentre os problemas fitossanitários associados à cultura destacam-se os nematoides galhadores do gênero Meloidogyne, cujas infestações podem acarretar em até 100% de perda da produção. A busca por alternativas ao controle químico tem se intensificado nos últimos anos, com o advento de bionematicidas, especialmente os formulados à base de fungos nematófagos. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi comparar a eficiência da aplicação dos fungos Paecilomyces lilacinus e Pochonia chlamydosporia em comparação ao uso do controle químico, em plantio de cenoura sob infestação de nematoide-das-galhas. O estudo foi conduzido no Instituto Taquaritinguense de Ensino Superior (ITES), Taquaritinga, SP, em condições de campo, utilizando a cenoura híbrida var. ?Sirkana?. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso (DBC) com cinco repetições e seis tratamentos: 1. P. lilacinus; 2. P. chlamydosporia; 3. P. lilacinus + P. chlamydosporia; 4. Adicarbe; 5. Cadusafós e 6. Testemunha (sem aplicação). As doses dos respectivos tratamentos constaram de 0,67 L/m2 de canteiro com substrato colonizado pelos fungos nematófagos, 30 kg/ha de p.c. de Aldicarbe e 25 kg/ha de p.c. de Cadusafós. Pelos resultados obtidos, os fungos nematófagos P. lilacinus e P. chlamydosporia podem ser recomendados no controle de nematoides-das-galhas em cultivo de cenoura, como alternativa ao controle químico. The carrot is a vegetable of the tuberous roots group, cultivated on a large scale in several Brazilian states. Among the phytosanitary problems associated with the crop, galling nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne stand out, whose infestations can lead to up to 100% loss of production. The search for alternatives to chemical control has intensified in recent years with the advent of bionematicides, especially those formulated based on nematophagous fungi. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of the application of the fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus, and Pochonia chlamydosporia compared to the use of chemical control, in carrot planting under root-knot nematode infestation. The study was carried out at Instituto Taquaritinguense de Ensino Superior (ITES), municipality of Taquaritinga, São Paulo state, Brazil under field conditions, using the hybrid carrot var. 'Sirkana'. The experimental design was in complete randomized blocks with five replications and six treatments: 1. P. lilacinus; 2. P. chlamydosporia; 3. P. lilacinus + P. chlamydosporia; 4. Adicarb; 5. Cadusaphos and 6. Check Treatment (not applicable). The doses of the respective treatments consisted of 0.67 L/m2 of planting bed with substrate colonized by nematophagous fungi, 30 kg/ha of p.c. of Aldicarb, and 25 kg/ha of p.c. of Cadusaphos. Based on the results obtained, the nematophagous fungi P. lilacinus and P. chlamydosporia can be recommended for the control of root-knot nematodes in carrot cultivation, as an alternative to chemical control. Made available in DSpace on 2022-09-16T21:05:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 27363.pdf: 270821 bytes, checksum: 85e38379afcefb1c054c308c3377787b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022

The root knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne incognita, is widespread worldwide and a major pathogen of several cultivated crops. The use of resistant genotypes is the most effective and environmentally sound way to manage RKN. In this study, we screened 16 selected sweet potato cultivars including Amanda, Bárbara, Beatriz, Beauregard, Brazlândia Branca, Brazlândia Rosada, Brazlândia Roxa, BRS Amélia, BRS Cuia, BRS Rubissol, Carolina Vitória, Duda, Júlia, Marcela, PA-26/2009, and Princesa obtained from Embrapa and Universidade Federal do Tocantins? germplasm bank. Studies were conducted under greenhouse and field conditions and the agronomic performance of the cultivars was evaluated in a nematode and soilborne insect-infested field. All 16 sweet potato cultivars tested were rated as resistant to this nematode both under greenhouse and field conditions with reproduction factors < 1. In the field infested with M. incognita, sweet potato cultivars Duda, BRS Amélia, Beauregard, Brazlândia Rosada, and Brazlândia Roxa stood out as superior cultivars, with average yield ranging from 26 to 47 tons per ha. Overall, most cultivars exhibited a fusiform to near fusiform root shape, a good characteristic for the market, and were moderately affected by insects (attack incidence 1 to 30%). As global demand for energy continues to rise, selecting new cultivars of sweet potatoes with increased resistance to nematode diseases and with high yield will be important for food security and biofuel production.

Tesis para obtener el grado de Magister en Producción Vegetal, de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, en 2011 Varias especies de nematodos del género Meloidogyne son plagas importantes en tomate de invernadero. El uso de cultivares resistentes es una estrategia de control que integra el conjunto de medidas utilizadas en la producción comercial. Se evaluaron cuatro cultivares comerciales de tomate con el gen Mi de resistencia (Kartier, Badro, Biguá y Río Grande Híbrido) y un cultivar susceptible (Belle) frente a una población de M. incognita en Bella Vista, Corrientes (Argentina). El trasplante se realizó en macetas con suelo desinfectado por solarización. Cada maceta se inoculó con 1000 J2; a los 60 días se evaluó presencia de agallas y masas de huevos. En los cultivares resistentes no se observaron agallas; en cambio en el susceptible, los registros promedios fueron elevados. Los valores de: peso de la parte aérea, peso fresco de raíces, crecimiento de la planta y diámetro del tallo de las plantas, no mostraron diferencia debido a la presencia de nematodos durante el tiempo de la experiencia. La suma de 500 Días Grados necesarios para completar un ciclo de vida se alcanzó a los 56 días. El número de agallas y masas de huevos fueron más concluyentes que los parámetros de crecimiento (peso de la planta, altura y diámetro del tallo) para definir el grado de susceptibilidad y resistencia. Los tomates resistentes inoculados experimentalmente con el nematodo, se comportaron como tales. El uso de la resistencia genética es una estrategia efectiva de control en el área de producción estudiado. The root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) is an important pests of tomato grown in greenhouses. The use of resistant cultivars is a control strategy that integrate the measures used in commercial production. The behavior of four commercial tomato cultivars with Mi resistant gene (Kartier, Badro, Biguá y Río Grande Híbrido) and a susceptible cultivar (Belle) were evaluated using a M. incognita population in Bella Vista, Corrientes (Argentina). Transplant was performed in pots with soil disinfected by solarization. Each pot was inoculated with 1000 J2; sixty days after, the presence of galls and egg masses, were measured and the multiplication was estimated using the reproduction factor and the egg masses index. Neither galls nor egg masses were observed in resistant cultivars; at the susceptible one however, the nematodes did reproduce. Plant weight, plant growth and stem diameter were not affected by the nematode presence: plants with root knot showed the highest growth. The addition of 500 Degree Days needed to complete the nematode life cycle were accumulated in 56 days. The number of galls and the number and egg masses were better than the growth parameters fresh and dry plant weight, plant height and stem diameter to define resistance or susceptibility degree. The population of M. incognita did not affect to the resistance conferred by the Mi gene to the evaluated cultivars. The hypothesis was fulfilled: tomato resistant cultivars experimentally infected with nematodes, were not infected and they can continue to be used. The use of nematode resistant cultivars is an effective control strategy in the production area studied. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bella Vista Fil: Gauna, Pablo Isidro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bella Vista; Argentina