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4. Analysis of genetic relatedness of Haemophilus influenzae isolates by multilocus sequence typing

Author

Erwin, Alice L., Sandstedt, Sara A., Bonthuis, Paul J., Geelhood, Jennifer L., Nelson, Kevin L., Unrath, William C.T., Diggle, Mathew A., Theodore, Mary J., Pleatman, Cynthia R., Mothershed, Elizabeth A., Sacchi, Claudio T., Mayer, Leonard W., Gilsdorf, Janet R., and Smith, Arnold L.

Subjects
Phylogeny -- Research, Biological diversity -- Research, Quantitative trait loci -- Properties, Hemophilus influenzae -- Genetic aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

The gram-negative bacterium Haemophilus influenzae is a human-restricted commensal of the nasopharynx that can also be associated with disease. The majority of H. influenzae respiratory isolates lack the genes for capsule production and ate nontypeable (NTHI). Whereas encapsulated strains are known to belong to serotype-specific phylogenetic groups, the structure of the NTHI population has not been previously described. A total of 656 H. influenzae strains, including 322 NTHI strains, have been typed by muitilocus sequence typing and found to have 359 sequence types (ST). We performed maximum-parsimony analysis of the 359 sequences and calculated the majority-rule consensus of 4,545 resulting equally most parsimonious trees. Eleven clades were identified, consisting of six or more ST on a branch that was present in 100% of trees. Two additional clades were defined by branches present in 91% and 82% of trees, respectively. Of these 13 clades, 8 consisted predominantly of NTHI strains, three were serotype specific, and 2 contained distinct NTHI-specific and serotype-specific clusters of strains. Sixty percent of NTHI strains have ST within one of the 13 clades, and eBURST analysis identified an additional phylogenetic group that contained 20% of NTHI strains. There was concordant clustering of certain metabolic reactions and putative virulence loci but not of disease source or geographic origin. We conclude that well-defined phylogenetic groups of NTHI strains exist and that these groups differ in genetic content. These observations will provide a framework for further study of the effect of genetic diversity on the interaction of NTHI with the host.

Published
2008

10. Are atomic veterans at higher risk of skin cancer?

Author

Randle, Henry W. and Nelson, Kevin L.

Subjects
Veterans -- Health aspects, Risk factors (Health) -- Analysis, Diarrhea -- Causes of, Diarrhea -- Health aspects, Vomiting -- Health aspects, Vomiting -- Causes of, Nausea -- Health aspects, Nausea -- Causes of, Skin cancer -- Health aspects, Skin cancer -- Causes of, Skin cancer -- Care and treatment, Dermatology -- Research, Cancer patients -- Health aspects, Cancer patients -- Care and treatment, Cancer patients -- Demographic aspects, Health, Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries
Abstract

On August 6, 1945, a 15-kiloton-yield uranium bomb (code name 'Little Boy') was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima from an Army Air Corps B29 bomber (named the 'Enola [...]

Published
2003

17. Role of lgtC in Resistance of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Strain R2866 to Human Serum

Author

Erwin, Alice L., primary, Allen, Simon, additional, Ho, Derek K., additional, Bonthuis, Paul J., additional, Jarisch, Justin, additional, Nelson, Kevin L., additional, Tsao, David L., additional, Unrath, William C. T., additional, Watson, Michael E., additional, Gibson, Bradford W., additional, Apicella, Michael A., additional, and Smith, Arnold L., additional

Published
2006
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19. Characterization of Genetic and Phenotypic Diversity of Invasive Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae

Author

Erwin, Alice L., primary, Nelson, Kevin L., additional, Mhlanga-Mutangadura, Tendai, additional, Bonthuis, Paul J., additional, Geelhood, Jennifer L., additional, Morlin, Gregory, additional, Unrath, William C. T., additional, Campos, Jose, additional, Crook, Derrick W., additional, Farley, Monica M., additional, Henderson, Frederick W., additional, Jacobs, Richard F., additional, Mühlemann, Kathrin, additional, Satola, Sarah W., additional, van Alphen, Loek, additional, Golomb, Miriam, additional, and Smith, Arnold L., additional

Published
2005
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24. Radiographic Examination of the Small Bowel.

Author

Bender, Ltc Gregory N., Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., Dondelinger, Robert F., Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., and Nelson, Kevin L.

Published
1997

25. Computation of the Solvent-Accessible Surface Area of Monomer Nonionic Contrast Media.

Author

Violon, Daniel, Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., and Nelson, Kevin L.

Published
1997
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26. Analysis of Metacarpophalangeal Profiles by Pattern Recognition Techniques.

Author

Gelsema, Edzard S., Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., and Nelson, Kevin L.

Published
1997
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27. Bias and Agreement for Radiogrammetric Estimates of Cortical Bone Geometry.

Author

Lazenby, Richard A., Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley, William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., Dondelinger, Robert F., Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., and Nelson, Kevin L.

Published
1997
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28. Role of lgtCin Resistance of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzaeStrain R2866 to Human Serum

Author

Erwin, Alice L., Allen, Simon, Ho, Derek K., Bonthius, Paul J., Jarisch, Justin, Nelson, Kevin L., Tsao, David L., Unrath, William C. T., Watson, Michael E., Gibson, Bradford W., Apicella, Michael A., and Smith, Arnold L.

Abstract

ABSTRACTWe are investigating a nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae(NTHI) strain, R2866, isolated from a child with meningitis. R2866 is unusually resistant to killing by normal human serum. The serum 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for this strain is 18%, approaching that of encapsulated H. influenzae. R3392 is a derivative of R2866 that was found to have increased sensitivity to human serum (IC50, 1.5%). Analysis of tetrameric repeat regions within lipooligosaccharide (LOS) biosynthetic genes in both strains indicated that the glycosyltransferase gene lgtCwas out of frame (“off”) in most colonies of R3392 but in frame with its start codon (“on”) in most colonies of the parent. We sought antigenic and biochemical evidence for modification of the LOS structure. In a whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, strain R3392 displayed reduced binding of the Galα1,4Gal-specific monoclonal antibody 4C4. Mass spectrometry analysis of LOS from strain R2866 indicated that the primary oligosaccharide glycoform contained four heptose and four hexose residues, while that of R3392 contained four heptose and three hexose residues. We conclude that the R2866 lgtCgene encodes a galactosyltransferase involved in synthesis of the 4C4 epitope, as in other strains, and that expression of lgtCis associated with the high-level serum resistance that has been observed for this strain. This is the first description of the genetic basis of high-level serum resistance in NTHI, as well as the first description of LOS composition in an NTHI strain for which the complete genome sequence has been determined.

Published
2006
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29. Heterogeneity in Tandem Octanucleotides within Haemophilus influenzaeLipopolysaccharide Biosynthetic Gene losAAffects Serum Resistance

Author

Erwin, Alice L., Bonthuis, Paul J., Geelhood, Jennifer L., Nelson, Kevin L., McCrea, Kirk W., Gilsdorf, Janet R., and Smith, Arnold L.

Abstract

ABSTRACTHaemophilus influenzaeis subject to phase variation mediated by changes in the length of simple sequence repeat regions within several genes, most of which encode either surface proteins or enzymes involved in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The translational repeat regions that have been described thus far all consist of tandemly repeated tetranucleotides. We describe an octanucleotide repeat region within a putative LPS biosynthetic gene, losA. Approximately 20 percent of nontypeable H. influenzaestrains contain copies of losAand losBin a genetic locus flanked by infAand ksgA. Of 30 strains containing losAat this site, 24 contained 2 tandem copies of the octanucleotide CGAGCATA, allowing full-length translation of losA(on), and 6 strains contained 3, 4, 6, or 10 tandem copies (losAoff). For a serum-sensitive strain, R3063, with losAoff (10 repeat units), selection for serum-resistant variants yielded a heterogeneous population in which colonies with increased serum resistance had losAon (2, 8, or 11 repeat units), and colonies with unchanged sensitivity to serum had 10 repeats. Inactivation of losAin strains R3063 and R2846 (strain 12) by insertion of the catgene decreased the serum resistance of these strains compared to losA-on variants and altered the electrophoretic mobility of LPS. We conclude that expression of losA, a gene that contributes to LPS structure and affects serum resistance, is determined by octanucleotide repeat variation.

Published
2006
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30. Thigh Abscess Due to Haemophilus influenzaeType f in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Child

Author

Watson, Michael E., Davila, Samuel Z., Burnham, Carey-Ann D., Nguyen, Victoria, Nelson, Kevin L., Smith, Arnold L., and Storch, Gregory A.

Abstract

The widespread use of the Haemophilus influenzaeserotype b conjugate vaccine in developed countries has led to a dramatic reduction in invasive disease because of that serotype. The H. influenzaeserotype b vaccine provides no significant protection against nontypeable or non-b encapsulated strains. Invasive disease due to H. influenzaeserotype f (Hif) remains uncommon in children, although a higher incidence is reported in those with chronic disease and/or immunodeficiency. We report the case of a 5-year-old female patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection who developed a large thigh abscess and cellulitis because of Hif. The case illustrates an unusual presentation of invasive Hif infection and reiterates the need to consider uncommon pathogens as etiological agents in disease presenting in immunocompromised hosts.

Published
2011
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33. GE Medical Introduces Cardiovascular Imaging System.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., Dondelinger, Robert F., Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

34. Meetings and Announcements.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., Dondelinger, Robert F., Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

35. New Products.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F., Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

36. COMET Introduces An Alternative To Low-Cost Fixed Capacitors.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., Dondelinger, Robert F., Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

37. GRAF Electronic X-Ray ID Cameras Transfer Error-Free Patient Data Direct from Computer to Film.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

38. Siemen's Siescape Ultrasound Technology.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

39. Film Viewer Allows Videotaping of X-Rays.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

40. ATL Software-Based, All-Digital Ultrasound System.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

41. The Optimizer Ultrasound Image Analyzer.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

42. RMI Test Tool Detects Faulty Mammography Cassettes.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

43. Computed Radiography System for Mammography by Fuji Medical Systems USA.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

44. Three-dimensional Imaging and Diagnostic Tools for Repairing Aortic Aneurysms.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

45. Toshiba Digital PowerVision Ultrasound System.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

46. Siemens Magnetom Open Viva Magnetic Resonance System.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

47. Film/Screen Mammography Imaging System.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

48. Cirrus 2000 X-Ray Film Viewer Offers Increased Uniformity.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

49. TOSHIBA Introduces Midtier, Compact Computed Tomography Scanner.

Author

Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lamont, A. C., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997

50. Neurosonology.

Author

Lamont, A. C., Runge, Val M., Allison, David J., Bradley Jr., William G., Claussen, Claus D., Dietrich, Rosalind B., F. Dondelinger, Prof. Robert, Eckelman, William C., Felix, Roland, Finn, Paul, Gore, John C., Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas C., Imhof, Herwig, Krestin, Gabriel P., Lufkin, Robert B., Manelfe, Claude, Muller, Robert N., Muroff, Lawrence R., Nelson, Kevin L., and Passariello, Roberto

Published
1997
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