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The objective of this thesis is to analyze and find the exact definition of the Guerilla Marketing with use of the specialized literature and practical examples. Another goal is to make the specific process of using and implementing guerilla marketing campaigns. This topis was choosen considering the fact, that classical forms of advertising are stepping back and lot of companies are nowadays using the modern marketing trends. One of them is guerilla marketing.

This diploma thesis deals in detail with the matter of amendments to documentary credits. The amendments are analysed in terms of their causes, subjects that may initiate their execution, and their process itself. Also analysis of respective articles of interpretation rules UCP 600 relating to credit's amendments is included. Prior to the above mentioned analysis of amendments there is a part regarding the term of documentary credit, its process, regulation and contemporary position in international trade. In the connection with credit amendments the attention is given to the techniques of their execution, namely through the SWIFT system. The subject of the last part of the thesis is the quantitative analysis of credit amendments on the example of the analysis of real transactions which are assessed from various points of view. Statistical analyses are carried out aiming at considering of the existence of the relation between the region of the credit applicant and the number of credit amendments and between the credit amount and the number of amendments.

Práce se zabývá vývojem platebního instrumentu dokumentární akreditiv od jeho počátků po současnost. Po úvodním popisu principu jeho fungování následuje rozbor vztahu Mezinárodní obchodní komory k akreditivům. Druhá část pojednává o jednotlivých historických etapách vývoje dokumentárního akreditivu v podobě revizí UCP v průběhu celého 20. století. Jádro práce tvoří porovnání Jednotných pravidel a zvyklostí pro dokumentární akreditivy UCP 500 s nejnovější revizí UCP 600, a to z formálního i obsahového hlediska.

The goal of this bachelor thesis is to introduce the main bank security instruments which are used in international trade. The first chapter is devoted to a fundamental overview of bank co-acceptance of bill, documentary letter of credit, bank payment obligation and bank guarantee. The second and the third chapters compose the core of the thesis. They are dedicated to two traditional bank security instruments, specifically; the documentary letter of credit and the bank guarantee. These two chapters describe the main characteristics of these instruments, the obligations of the parties, and, finally, the advantages and the disadvantages which arise from these instruments for the involved parties.

This bachelor thesis is devoted to the analysis of business methods regarding export of capital goods, particularly of tenders and PPP projects. Due to the longevity, complex relationships and financial demands regarding exports of capital goods, the thesis also focuses on methods of financing export of capital goods. Legislation regulating public procurement and PPP projects at the global, European and national level is also mentioned. Recently, Czech exporters get increasingly involved in the international supply of capital goods, many domestic enterprises in the role of general contractor. I will introduce several successful exporters of capital goods and also focus on export opportunities for Czech companies.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to identify the main reasons that lead foreign companies to enter the Slovak market. The content of the work, which is divided into five main chapters, corresponds to the defined objectives. In the first chapter theoretical basis to the addressed issue are processed. The second chapter provides a detailed analysis of the international competitiveness of Slovakia, through selected indices of competitiveness and business environment. The third chapter analyses the development of foreign direct investments from the perspective of the Slovak economy. Attention is focused on territorial, sectoral and regional structure of foreign direct investments in Slovakia. The fourth chapter provides an analysis of the factors influencing decisions of foreign investors to place their businesses in Slovakia. The selection of analysed factors is based on results of the UNCTAD study. In the last chapter are identified key motives of foreign investors entry to Slovakia based on analyses carried out. These findings are demonstrated on an example of Danish investors entry on the Slovak market.

This thesis deals with the support of export and export financing, with a focus on international regulation of this area, namely the Consesus OECD, i.e. the Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits. The paper describes the general background of this Arrangement and its requirements on the financial terms of provided export credits. The above mentioned is demonstrated on the concrete practice in the Czech Republic. The paper includes a detailed overview of the institutional framework of official support of export credits and the most important export credits parameters are illustrated by concise indicative offer of export financing. This thesis also summarizes the process and possible outcomes of current negotiations concerning the Consensus OECD and possible future cooperation with non-participant countries.

This bachelor thesis analyzes the development of foreign trade of the Czech Republic with members of the EU in time of the European Debt Crisis. At the beginning of the thesis a foreign trade is defined, given its subject, dynamics and comparative advantage of the Czech Republic. An analysis is given of territorial and commodity structure of foreign trade. Territorial analysis is performed using regression analysis of data from 1999-2009. Also is defined legislative framework. The conclusion summarizes the acquired knowledge.

This bachelor thesis discusses possible commercial risks for commercial bank in international trade. First chapter of this thesis is an introduction to an issue of commercial risks and it also describes all subjects that can be affected by them. Second chapter summarises theory of commercial risks and describes possibilities of avoiding them. Third chapter involves case study that describes real business transaction and techniques of commercial bank that deals with commercial risks.

The period of the financial crisis has slowed down and weakened the functioning of the Czech international trade and tend to reinforce its dependence on external enviroment. This thesis deals with the functioning of Czech firms in the period before and during the financial crisis, evaluates manifestations and indicates what steps should be taken for its further development, in still more open Czech economy, in the future.

The bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of factoring as an alternative form of corporate financing, based on repurchase of short-term receivables. The aim of the work is to evaluate the current situation of the factoring market in the world and in Czech Republic. The work is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter addresses the fundamentals of factoring, its basic types, advantages and disadvantages. The second chapter monitors the development of factoring in the world for the period of years 2005 to 2010. It more specifically characterizes two major international factoring associations namely, Factors Chain International and International Factors Group, and emphasizes their importance in international trade. In the third chapter the development of factoring in Czech Republic for years 2005 to 2011 is characterized. Attention is focused on factoring companies associated in the Association of Factoring Companies in Czech Republic. The result is a presentation of development trends in the field of factoring in Czech Republic.

The thesis describes "Letter of Credit" as one of the oldest and safest instruments used in international trade. Chapter one deals with the basic characteristics of Letter of Credit, the whilst second chapter describes advantages and disadvantages of this financial instrument. The next part is devoted to the course of Letter of Credit, analyzing the process from negotiating the terms of the credit and its opening to its draw down. In chapter four, the current and future development of Letter of Credit is characterized, including the development of its electronic form. The last chapter is a case study, where the main documents related to Letter of Credit are analyzed, including pointing out errors, which are most often made by bank customers and finally the comparison of fees associated with Letter of Credit in selected banks is performed.

The work deals with the comparison of instruments of state support for exports in the Czech Republic and Spain. The first and the second chapter describe the current concept of pro-export policy of the Czech Republic and Spain and provide an outline of the economic situation in the country. Chapter three defines the system and the instruments of state support for exports. It focuses on export promotion institutions providing state support for exports in the areas of finance, insurance and non-financial services such as counseling. Chapter four compares the settings for the two systems, individual instruments, export promotion institutions and their products. The work reflects the current status of state export promotion in the Czech Republic and Spain.

This Bachelor thesis analyses the most common terms of payment in international trade, facilities for financing export and institutions, which offer their products for securing and financing the requirements of a contract. The first part is focused on terms of payment, which occur in international trade. In the second part are the most common methods of financing particularized. Further there are introduced commercial and state institutions, which offer their products to the exporting companies. In the practical part are on the example of Ege, spol. s r. o. evaluated concrete methods and most common processes of financing and securing the export. In the end are the financing ways and the potential stance to the used methods evaluated.

The high foreign direct investment inflows to the Czech Republic in the last twenty years influenced the Czech economy on many levels. The aim is to analyze the extent of effects on volume and structure of export of the Czech Republic and from a broader perspective on other items of balance of payments. It also describes the development of foreign direct investment inflows in relation to investment incentives and indirect effects which are foreign owned companies operating in the export performance of domestic firms.

The aim of this bachelor thesis is the analysis of export financing of a Czech company ROSS Holding, a.s. Theoretical part is divided into three parts. The first one deals with payment terms, the second one is focused on particular forms of export financing. The third part is concerned with possibilities of securing risks which are associated with international business. The last chapter of this thesis deals with the analysis of export financing of the company ROSS Holding, a.s. The analysis is based on information provided by the financial management of the company for the period 2010-2012.

The thesis focuses on comparison of the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees issued by the International Chamber of Commerce. The theoretical part characterizes the bank guarantee, states its classifications and options of insurance. The practical part includes a comparison of the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees of 1992 (URDG 458) with their revised version of 1st July 2010 (URDG 758), summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the new version for all involved parties and suggests possible improvements.

This work will focus on gold and silver and their position on the international market. Through their history I will analyze their major significance today and in history as well. The main purpose of this work will be prediction of future importance of gold and silver. The work will also include consideration of reimposition of the gold standard.

This bachelor tesis deals with the financing of franchising in the Czech Republic. This tesis is devided into three parts. In first part are described the characteristics of franchising and his history. The second part is about the franchise.The last part is dedicated to possibilities of financing for franchisee.

Bachelor thesis aims at analysing services connected with support of small and medium sized enterprises' export, which are provided by commercial banks. The thesis do not focus just on description of services, but also analyses relation between state (or international) institutions and commercial banks. It beggins with description of banking in the Czech republic and definition of small and medium sized enterprises and shows reasons for the support. In second part, there is written about main state and international institutions providing support to small and medium sized enterprises. In the end, products provided by commercial banks are described.

This thesis deals with the security instrument known as a bank guarantee which is becoming more popular nowadays not only in international trade, but also at the domestic level. The aim of the thesis is to introduce the topic of bank guarantees in the light of theoretical and then practical aspects. After the initial description of bank guarantees and putting forward various international uniform rules the thesis deals, in its second chapter, with different types of bank guarantees. The third chapter pays attention to support of export of the Czech Republic through bank guarantees and their insurance with state support. An important part of the thesis is also a comparison of claims resulting from authorised or unauthorised drawing on the guarantee.

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the Czech credit insurance market and at the same time to compare business activities and achievements of the Czech state insurer EGAP and Eximbank. The work is divided into 5 chapters. The first one deals with the importance of credit insurance, the second chapter is about international rules of the export credit insurance system. The third and fourth chapter is an analysis of the global credit market and the Czech insurance. In the last chapter the results of business activities of the state insurer EGAP are compared with Slovak Eximbank.

The aim of my bachelor thesis was to compare the support of export in the Czech Republic and Russian Federation from the institutional and legislative point of view and to assess effort of the both countries in this field. My thesis descibes the support of export itself and defines the legislative framework of the support of export in the Czech Republic and Russian Federation. After that the individual institutions which focus on the support of export are characterized. The complex comparation of the national system of the support of export and state institutions is placed in conclusion of my bachelor thesis.

The thesis deals with a payment condition called documentary credit and its progress in reaction to development of information technology. The aim of this thesis is to explore and evaluate the possiblities of solutions to electronic presentation by documentary credits. After an initial description of documentary credit and the principles of its process follows the analysis of the rules for documentary credits published by International Chamber of Commerce. The second part of the thesis focuses on particular systems of electronic document presentation. The main aim of the thesis is to introduce potential alternatives to traditional paper based documentary credit.

This work describes basic options of the export credit promotion of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Czech Republic offered by both the state and the private sector. The first part of the thesis focuses on defining the term "small and medium-sized enterprises" and a description of their economic importance. In this part I refer to their social benefits, economic status and forms of their internationalization. The second part deals with fund raising, both in terms of traditional and alternative methods. It is dedicated to state institutions providing the direct and indirect export credit promotion of SMEs in the Czech Republic. Furthermore it, in a limited range, dedicates to the export credit promotion agency CzechTrade, which provides valuable information not only for new exporters. The last part is a case study of a Czech company seeking the export credit promotion. The contribution of this work is the view of SME and their export credit promotion, which is coherent and clear, and can help SMEs with an orientation between a number of different alternatives to finance their export.

The thesis concentrates on traditional and alternative methods of financing of corporate clients during foreign trade operations. The methods are divided according to time aspect to short-term, middle-term and long-term. Moreover, it engages in assessing internal rating of this type of clients and describing loan process.

The Goal of this thesis is to analyze the activity of international organizations within providing assistance to developing countries. The thesis first describes the creation and development of international organizations, their classification and the role they played in global economy over the time. The next part brings an explanation of terms such as developing countries or development policy. Globalization and its impact on socio-economic inequalities in the world is also explained in one part of this thesis.It also offers the analysis of effectiveness of development assistance as well. The next section is devoted to the United Nations Organization, and it's institutions like World Bank Group and International Monetary Fund which are the great actors of development aid.

This Bachelor Thesis deals with the characteristics of letter of credit as a major payment instrument. It describes the various relationships between participants of the letter of credit operations and the benefits and risks associated with it. The practical part is devoted to electronic letter of credit and the possibilities of its eventual use.

This bachelor thesis deals with the possibilities of the use of offshore financial centres within Czech non-profit organizations' activities. The work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to the description of non-profit sector in the Czech Republic and its development, as well as to the main types of non-governmental non-profit organizations and the issues of their profit taxation. The second chapter deals with offshore financial centres with the concentration on the opportunities offered to the Czech non-profit organizations. The final chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the decision-making process while choosing the locality for founding an offshore foundation by a specific Czech non-profit organization. In this chapter the states of Panama, Liechtenstein and Austria are compared.

This thesis deals with the letter of credit and its position during recent economic crisis. In the first chapter the term "letter of credit" is explained and the main aspects of the letter of credit, its availability, the letter of credit process and the relationships among parties of this process are described. In the second chapter, the core of this work, the influence of the recent financial and economic crisis on the use of letters of credit is analyzed, as well as the attitude of banks towards letters of credit in the time of crisis.

The bachelor's thesis monitors development and current condition of the officially supported export financing in the Czech Republic in connection with international trade situation. The offer of the official supported financing is described by the offer of Czech export bank.

The bachelor thesis deals with one of the alternative methods of export financing -- forfaiting, which means the purchase mainly of medium term and long term secured receivables on a non-resource basis. First part of the thesis specifies this method, pays attention to its history, kinds, costs, benefits and drawbacks, process of forfaiting operation and describes also international forfaiting organizations. The second part is aimed at possibilities of receivables securing, defines securing instruments and specifies their form, which is important for forfaiters. The target of the last part is description of current situation on Czech market in providing forfaiting, familiarization with forfaiting institutions and products, they provide.

The purpose of this thesis is to give complete information about customs system within European Union. It contains explanation of general principals and legal regulations on which international trade is based. The thesis provides detailed introduction into the basic regulations of the Combined Nomenclature and leads us through the process of classifying of the goods in the Combined Nomenclature.

The first chapter summarises basic characteristics of the export credit insurance, particularly focusing on the export credit insurance with state support. The second chapter summarises the issue of export credit insurance as a tool of export-oriented politics. The third one describes international organisations and international regulations affecting export credit insurance with state support. Tha last chapter summarises developement of export credit insurance from the beginning to the present time including contemporary economic crisis.

This bachelor thesis on the theme The role of the cheques in the international system of payment is divided into five chapters. The first chapter defines basic terms and institutes associated with the cheques. The second chapter devides the world into two areas each with a different cheques legislation. There is a list of the countries that are subsumed to these areas. The third chapter includes historical perspective. There is described the development of the bills of exchange and the development of the cheques. The fourth chapter deals with the frequency of use of the cheques. It compares the instruments of noncash payment system in the selected countries representing the diverse areas defined in the second chapter. The data for this chapter is provided by the Bank for International Settlements and the European Central Bank. The final chapter is devoted to the role of the cheques in the Czech Republic. It includes historical perspective, current position of the cheques amongst the other noncash payment instruments and research of scales of several banks operating in the Czech Republic.

The first part of the thesis deals with methods of export financing of capital goods, pre-export financing, supplier's credit, buyer's credit and export leasing. In the next part of the theisis is described financing exports of capital goods with state support. Here is characterized pro-export policy and the Consensus OECD, as well as the emphasis on two major institutions to promote exports in the Czech Republic - EGAP and CEB. The last part is devoted to project financing and financing through PPP.

Small and medium sized enterprises(SME) play a crucial role in Slovak economy. However, Slovak market is relatively small, therefore SMEs are forced to penetrate international markets. If they want to succeed, they have to offer cheaper or better goods than their foreign competitors. Authors offer many solutions how to improve competitiveness. Thats why I decided to analyse main factors which directly or indirectly have an impact on companies'export performance.

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to contradict or to prove a statement that payment morale of Czech companies has deteriorated because of the current financial crisis. First chapter characterizes a trade credit and risks associated with it. It provides a procedure to lower risks using credit management in order to prevent bad debts. Bad debts always result in higher costs for companies and threaten their stability, payment morale as well as its competitiveness. Second chapter describes institutions which examine payment morale of companies in the world. Based on their research, payment morale of Czech companies is evaluated in comparison with neighbouring and European countries. It also examines changes in credit management of companies during the crisis as one of the factors that influences their payment discipline.

The bachelor thesis analyzes a wide range of possible employment of bank guarantees used in order to avoid risks in international trade. The first chapter generally characterises bank guarantees and principles of their functioning. Then it presents the internationally recognized rules that effectively regulate any kind of bank guarantee. Furthermore, it is concerned with the main interests of contracting parties. In the second chapter, various types of bank guarantees are distinguished. The fundamental division recognizes independent and accessory guarantees, direct and indirect gurantees, payment and finally non-payment guarantees that receive the most attention. The last chapter is practically aimed at the governmental support of Czech export and introduces preferential conditions for issue of bank guarantees by Czech Export Bank and related insurance offered by Export and Guarantee Insurance Corporation.