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492 results on '"Neiman, Paul"'

1. Effects of Atmospheric Rivers

Author

Dettinger, Michael D., Lavers, David A., Compo, Gilbert P., Gorodetskaya, Irina V., Neff, William, Neiman, Paul J., Ramos, Alexandre M., Rutz, Jonathan J., Viale, Maximiliano, Wade, Andrew J., White, Allen B., Ralph, F. Martin, editor, Dettinger, Michael D., editor, Rutz, Jonathan J., editor, and Waliser, Duane E., editor

Published
2020
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2. Global and Regional Perspectives

Author

Rutz, Jonathan J., Guan, Bin, Bozkurt, Deniz, Gorodetskaya, Irina V., Gershunov, Alexander, Lavers, David A., Mahoney, Kelly M., Moore, Benjamin J., Neff, William, Neiman, Paul J., Ralph, F. Martin, Ramos, Alexandre M., Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian, Tsukernik, Maria, Valenzuela, Raúl, Viale, Maximiliano, Wernli, Heini, Ralph, F. Martin, editor, Dettinger, Michael D., editor, Rutz, Jonathan J., editor, and Waliser, Duane E., editor

Published
2020
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4. High-Elevation Precipitation Patterns: Using Snow Measurements to Assess Daily Gridded Datasets across the Sierra Nevada, California*

Author

Lundquist, Jessica D, Hughes, Mimi, Henn, Brian, Gutmann, Ethan D, Livneh, Ben, Dozier, Jeff, and Neiman, Paul

Subjects
Atmospheric Sciences, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Gridded spatiotemporal maps of precipitation are essential for hydrometeorological and ecological analyses. In the United States, most of these datasets are developed using the Cooperative Observer (COOP) network of ground-based precipitation measurements, interpolation, and the Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) to map these measurements to places where data are not available. Here, we evaluate two daily datasets gridded at 1/16° resolution against independent daily observations from over 100 snow pillows in California's Sierra Nevada from 1990 to 2010. Over the entire period, the gridded datasets performed reasonably well, with median total water-year errors generally falling within ±10%. However, errors in individual storm events sometimes exceeded 50% for the median difference across all stations, and in many cases, the same underpredicted storms appear in both datasets. Synoptic analysis reveals that these underpredicted storms coincide with 700-hPa winds from the west or northwest, which are associated with post-cold-frontal flow and disproportionately small precipitation rates in low-elevation valley locations, where the COOP stations are primarily located. This atmospheric circulation leads to a stronger than normal valley-to-mountain precipitation gradient and underestimation of actual mountain precipitation. Because of the small average number of storms (

Published
2015

5. ADVANCING SCIENCE AND SERVICES DURING THE 2015/16 EL NIÑO : The NOAA El Niño Rapid Response Field Campaign

Author

Dole, Randall M., Spackman, J. Ryan, Newman, Matthew, Compo, Gilbert P., Smith, Catherine A., Hartten, Leslie M., Barsugli, Joseph J., Webb, Robert S., Hoerling, Martin P., Cifelli, Robert, Wolter, Klaus, Barnet, Christopher D., Gehne, Maria, Gelaro, Ronald, Kiladis, George N., Abbott, Scott, Akish, Elena, Albers, John, Brown, John M., Cox, Christopher J., Darby, Lisa, de Boer, Gijs, DeLuisi, Barbara, Dias, Juliana, Dunion, Jason, Eischeid, Jon, Fairall, Christopher, Gambacorta, Antonia, Gorton, Brian K., Hoell, Andrew, Intrieri, Janet, Jackson, Darren, Johnston, Paul E., Lataitis, Richard, Mahoney, Kelly M., McCaffrey, Katherine, McColl, H. Alex, Mueller, Michael J., Murray, Donald, Neiman, Paul J., Otto, William, Persson, Ola, Quan, Xiao-Wei, Rangwala, Imtiaz, Ray, Andrea J., Reynolds, David, Dellaripa, Emily Riley, Rosenlof, Karen, Sakaeda, Naoko, Sardeshmukh, Prashant D., Slivinski, Laura C., Smith, Lesley, Solomon, Amy, Swales, Dustin, Tulich, Stefan, White, Allen, Wick, Gary, Winterkorn, Matthew G., Wolfe, Daniel E., and Zamora, Robert

Published
2018

6. Fundamental differences in promoter CpG island DNA hypermethylation between human cancer and genetically engineered mouse models of cancer

Author

Diede, Scott J, Yao, Zizhen, Keyes, C Chip, Tyler, Ashlee E, Dey, Joyoti, Hackett, Christopher S, Elsaesser, Katrina, Kemp, Christopher J, Neiman, Paul E, Weiss, William A, Olson, James M, and Tapscott, Stephen J

Subjects
Cancer, Human Genome, Pediatric, Brain Cancer, Rare Diseases, Breast Cancer, Brain Disorders, Genetics, Hematology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Animals, Breast Neoplasms, Burkitt Lymphoma, Cerebellar Neoplasms, CpG Islands, DNA Methylation, Female, Humans, Medulloblastoma, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Experimental, Promoter Regions, Genetic, cancer, DNA methylation, epigenomics, genetically engineered mouse models, medulloblastoma, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Genetic and epigenetic alterations are essential for the initiation and progression of human cancer. We previously reported that primary human medulloblastomas showed extensive cancer-specific CpG island DNA hypermethylation in critical developmental pathways. To determine whether genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of medulloblastoma have comparable epigenetic changes, we assessed genome-wide DNA methylation in three mouse models of medulloblastoma. In contrast to human samples, very few loci with cancer-specific DNA hypermethylation were detected, and in almost all cases the degree of methylation was relatively modest compared with the dense hypermethylation in the human cancers. To determine if this finding was common to other GEMMs, we examined a Burkitt lymphoma and breast cancer model and did not detect promoter CpG island DNA hypermethylation, suggesting that human cancers and at least some GEMMs are fundamentally different with respect to this epigenetic modification. These findings provide an opportunity to both better understand the mechanism of aberrant DNA methylation in human cancer and construct better GEMMs to serve as preclinical platforms for therapy development.

Published
2013

20. Inclusive Communitarianism and Immigration.

Author

Neiman, Paul

Subjects
*COMMUNITARIANISM, *GROUP identity, *EMIGRATION & immigration, *SELF, *COMMUNITIES
Abstract

Inclusive communitarianism focuses on the feeling of home as the source of personal identity and individual well-being. The feeling of home can be disrupted by moving to a new dwelling, community or nation, or by experiencing changes to one's dwelling or community while remaining in place. Immigration can cause both a disruption to the feeling of home for immigrants and for those living in the community immigrants settle in. Traditional communitarianism seeks to protect current members from changes resulting from immigration. Inclusive communitarianism seeks the construction of an inclusive narrative community identity in which all residents can feel at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. Nurses' role model duties for health and COVID-19 pandemic precautions.

Author

Neiman, Paul

Subjects
*OCCUPATIONAL roles, *PRIVACY, *MEDICAL masks, *ROLE models, *NURSES' attitudes, *NURSES, *HEALTH behavior, *MEDICAL ethics, *SOCIAL distancing, *COVID-19 pandemic, *HEALTH promotion
Abstract

Role modelling communicates a standard of behavior to another person. Silent role modelling occurs when this standard can be communicated without articulating reasons for the action; articulate role modelling occurs when it is necessary to articulate reasons in order to effectively role model the standard of behavior, and to avoid misinterpretation. Nurses are role models in virtue of the respect and admiration given to the nursing profession. As such, nurses have role model obligations. This paper examines nurses' role model obligations for healthy behaviors and pandemic precautions. Research often identifies nurses as role models for healthy behavior, despite the fact that nurses are typically no healthier than the general population. This paper argues that nurses do not have a duty to role model healthy behaviors. The ability to adopt healthy behaviors is affected by numerous personal and individual factors. For a nurse to share their struggles to adopt healthy behaviors as articulate 'imperfect' role models violates their right to privacy. By contrast, nurses do have a moral duty to role model pandemic precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as correctly wearing appropriate masks, maintaining social distancing, avoiding gatherings of multiple households when pandemic precautions are not being taken, and staying up to date on vaccination. Nurses' duty to role model pandemic precautions does not involve sharing any personal information. Nurses have a duty to be silent role models when the risk of misinterpretation is low, and a duty to be articulate role models, who explicitly communicate reasons for the role modelled behavior, when necessary to ensure they are not misinterpreted. When articulate role modelling goes beyond the minimal role modelling duty, and imposes a comparative cost to the nurse, articulate role modelling is not obligatory, but supererogatory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. NOAA’S RAPID RESPONSE TO THE HOWARD A. HANSON DAM FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT CRISIS

Author

White, Allen B., Colman, Brad, Carter, Gary M., Ralph, F. Martin, Webb, Robert S., Brandon, David G., King, Clark W., Neiman, Paul J., Gottas, Daniel J., Jankov, Isidora, Brill, Keith F., Zhu, Yuejian, Cook, Kirby, Buehner, Henry E., Opitz, Harold, Reynolds, David W., and Schick, Lawrence J.

Published
2012

27. An Analysis of Coordinated Observations from NOAA's Ronald Brown Ship and G-IV Aircraft in a Landfalling Atmospheric River over the North Pacific During CalWater-2015

Author

Neiman, Paul J, Gaggini, Natalie, Fairall, Christopher W, Aikins, Joshua, Spackman, J. Ryan, Leung, Ruby L, Fan, Jiwen, Hardin, Joseph, Nalli, Nicholas R, and White, Allen B

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Abstract

To gain a more complete observational understanding of atmospheric rivers (ARs) over the data-sparse open ocean, we used a diverse suite of mobile observing platforms deployed on NOAAs Ronald H. Brown (RHB) research vessel and G-IV research aircraft during the CalWater-2015 field campaign to describe the structure and evolution of a long-lived AR modulated by six frontal waves over the northeastern Pacific on 20-25 January 2015. Satellite observations and reanalysis diagnostics provided synoptic-scale context, illustrating the warm, moist southwesterly airstream within the quasi-stationary AR situated between an upper-level trough and ridge. The AR remained offshore of the U.S. West Coast but made landfall across British Columbia where heavy precipitation fell. Forty-seven rawinsondes launched from the RHB provided a comprehensive thermodynamic and kinematic depiction of the AR, including uniquely documenting an upward intrusion of strong water-vapor transport in the low-level moist southwesterly flow during the passage of frontal waves 2 through 6. A collocated 1290-MHz wind profiler showed an abrupt frontal transition from southwesterly to northerly flow below 1 km MSL coinciding with the tail-end of AR conditions. Shipborne radar and disdrometer observations in the AR uniquely captured key microphysical characteristics of shallow warm rain, convection, and deep mixed-phase precipitation. Novel observations of sea-surface fluxes in a midlatitude AR documented persistent ocean-surface evaporation and sensible-heat transfer into the ocean. The G-IV aircraft flew directly over the ship, with dropsonde and radar spatial analyses complementing the temporal depictions of the AR from the RHB. The AR characteristics varied, depending on the location of the cross section relative to the frontal waves.

Published
2017

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