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The Žerotice Formation recognised in a confined area NE–SE of Znojmo represents a basal member of the sedimentary succession of the southwestern margin of the Carpathian Foredeep in Moravia (Czech Republic). Two facies associations were recognised within the formation. The first one mantles the pre-Neogene basement with an irregular unconformity, reflects arid climatic conditions and deposition of episodic shallow, high-energy stream flows and/or mass flows (alluvial to fluvial deposits). The second facies association is interpreted as lagoonal to distal flood plain deposits. The barren unfossiliferous deposits of the Žerotice Formation are covered by nearshore marine Eggenburgian deposits. The boundary between these deposits represents a sequence boundary (i.e. the basal forebulge unconformity). Detailed provenance studies of successive beds below and above this sequence boundary showed differences in the source area and paleodrainage. Both the local primary crystalline rocks (Moravian and Moldanubian Unit, Thaya Batholith) and older sedimentary cover (especially Permo–Carboniferous sedimentary rocks) form the source of the Žerotice Formation. All these geological units are located only a few km away from the preserved areal extent of the deposits of the Žerotice Formation (short transport and a local source). The source areas of the overlying marine Eggenburgian beds are located far more to the W and NW in the Moldanubian and Moravian Units (longer transport, extended source area). Local confined preservation of the Žerotice Formation is preliminarily explained as connected with a tectonically predisposed paleovalley.

Two coarse-grained Gilbert-type deltas in the Lower Badenian deposits along the southern margin of the Western Carpathian Foredeep (peripheral foreland basin) were newly interpreted. Facies characterizing a range of depositional processes are assigned to four facies associations — topset, foreset, bottomset and offshore marine pelagic deposits. The evidence of Gilbert deltas within open marine deposits reflects the formation of a basin with relatively steep margins connected with a relative sea level fall, erosion and incision. Formation, progradation and aggradation of the thick coarse-grained Gilbert delta piles generally indicate a dramatic increase of sediment supply from the hinterland, followed by both relatively continuous sediment delivery and an increase in accommodation space. Deltaic deposition is terminated by relatively rapid and extended drowning and is explained as a transgressive event. The lower Gilbert delta was significantly larger, more areally extended and reveals a more complicated stratigraphic architecture than the upper one. Its basal surface represents a sequence boundary and occurs around the Karpatian/Badenian stratigraphic limit. Two coeval deltaic branches were recognized in the lower delta with partly different stratigraphic arrangements. This different stratigraphic architecture is mostly explained by variations in the sediment delivery and /or predisposed paleotopography and paleobathymetry of the basin floor. The upper delta was recognized only in a restricted area. Its basal surface represents a sequence boundary probably reflecting a higher order cycle of a relative sea level rise and fall within the Lower Badenian. Evidence of two laterally and stratigraphically separated coarse-grained Gilbert deltas indicates two regional/basin wide transgressive/regressive cycles, but not necessarily of the same order. Provenance analysis reveals similar sources of both deltas. Several partial source areas were identified (Mesozoic carbonates of the Northern Calcareous Alps and the Western Carpathians, crystalline rocks of the eastern margin of the Bohemian Massif, older sedimentary infill of the Carpathian Foredeep and/or the North Alpine Foreland Basin, sedimentary rocks of the Western Carpathian/Alpine Flysch Zone).

The Karpatian deposits of the central part of the Carpathian Foredeep in Moravia, which are deeply buried under the Outer Western Carpathians, provide a unique opportunity to reconstruct the former evolutionary stages of this peripheral foreland basin and its paleogeography. A succession of three depositional units characterized by a distinct depositional environment, provenance, and partly also foreland basin depozone, have been identified. The first depositional unit represents a proximal forebulge depozone and consists of lagoon-estuary and barred coastline deposits. The source from the “local” crystalline basement played here an important role. The second depositional unit consists of coastline to shallow marine deposits and is interpreted as a forebulge depozone. Tidalites recognized within this unit represent the only described tide-generated deposits of the Neogene infill of the Carpathian Foredeep basin in Moravia. The source from the basin passive margin (the Bohemian Massif) has been proved. The third depositional unit is formed by offshore deposits and represents a foredeep depozone. The provenance from both passive and active basin margin (Silesian Unit of the Western Carpathian Flysch Zone) has been proved. Thus, both a stepwise migration of the foredeep basin axis and shift of basin depozones outwards/cratonwards were documented, together with forebulge retreat. The shift of the foreland basin depozones more than 50 km cratonward can be assumed. The renewed thrusting along the basin’s active margin finally completely changed the basin shape and paleogeography. The upper part of the infill was deformed outside the prograding thrust front of flysch nappes and the flysch rocks together with a strip of Miocene sediments were superposed onto the inner part of the basin. The width and bathymetric gradient of the entire basin was changed/reduced and the deposition continued toward the platform. The basin evolution and changes in its geometry are interpreted as a consequence of the phases of the thrust-sheet stacking and sediment loading in combination with sea-level change.

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An accumulation of glacial sediments is located near Písečná village in the depression between the Sokol Ridge and Zlaté Hory Highlands NNE of Jeseník town (Eastern Sudetes). The accumulation lies at the lateral side of the mountain valley of the Bělá River and fills a preglacial palaeovalley of this river. Research combining facies analysis of outcrops, ground penetrating radar survey, interpretation drilling survey, and modelling of the preglacial relief was undertaken at the site. According to the results obtained, the upper part of the sedimentary accumulation represents a coarse-grained terminoglacial glaciofluvial delta of the Gilbert type. The development of the accumulation has dominantly been driven by the preglacial morphology. Facies typical for foresets of coarse-grained deltas represented mainly by high-density flows, cohesionless debris flows, debris falls and less common low-density flows were found in the outcrops. The delta near Písečná prograded into a lake dammed by the ice-sheet front in the north. The lake was bounded by the slopes of Sokol Ridge, Zlaté Hory Highlands and Góry Parkowe on other sides. The lake level reached an altitude of up to 430 m a.s.l., as the coarse-grained delta plain base lies at this level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Kroměříž Formation (Miocene, Late Karpatian) is formed by clays, mudstones, sands, sandstones, gravels and conglomerates. This formation was deposited along the active margin of the Carpathian Foredeep in front of the Western Carpathian flysch nappes. The deposits of the Kroměříž Formation are divided into the variegated deposits, and the Holešov conglomerates. The variegated deposits are represented by "pebbly mudstones", and are formed by an admixture of sand and gravel fractions in the clay matrix. The Holešov conglomerates can be described as "marginal clastics" and historically they were labelled with several local names, e.g., Nítkovice gravels and sands or gravels of the Zborovice type. The variegated deposits and the Holešov conglomerates differ from each other not only by lithology and petrography, but also by different source area. The provenance of deposits of the Kroměříž Formation can be specified by the chemistry of detrital garnets. The Holešov conglomerates do not reveal any significantly dominant type of detrital garnets, whereas the variegated deposits are characteristic of significant content of Alm-Prp garnets with pyrope component up to 20 vol. %. To specify the provenance, a statistical comparison of detrital garnets was carried out using the Statistica software. Based on the chemistry of detrital garnets the Silesian and Ždánice and Subsilesian units can be considered as the main source of material for the variegated deposits, and also for the Holešov conglomerates. The older Karpatian deposits (depositional units II and III sensu Francírek - Nehyba 2016) can be regarded as another potential source of the Kroměříž Formation deposits. The similarity of the older Karpatian deposits and the Kroměříž Formation deposits is demonstrated by the statistical comparison. This comparison also shows that the Lower Badenian deposits (locality Lobodice) are similar to the Kroměříž Formation deposits (locality Símře). Both the locality Lobodice and the locality Símře have a source of material from the Western Carpathian flysch nappes, but probably also from the Moravian-Silesian Paleozoic cover of the Bohemian Massif. The statistical comparison allows to distinguish the source of material for the Holešov conglomerates, and the variegated deposits. The Holešov conglomerates were supplied by material from the Ždánice and Subsilesian units (Ždánice-Hustopeče Formation), whereas the material of the variegated deposits was derived from the Silesian Unit (Krosno Formation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]