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Background: Removable prostheses have seen a fundamental change recently because of advances in polymer materials, allowing improved durability and performance. Despite these advancements, notable differences still occur amongst various polymer materials and processing technologies, requiring a thorough grasp of their mechanical, physical, and therapeutic implications. The compressive strength of dentures manufactured using various technologies will be investigated., Methods: Traditional, injection molding, and additive and subtractive CAD/CAM processing techniques, all utilizing Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the main material, were used to construct complete dentures. The specimens underwent a compressive mechanical test, which reveals the differences in compressive strength., Results: All the specimens broke under the influence of a certain force, rather than yielding through flow, as is characteristic for plastic materials. For each specimen, the maximum force (N) was recorded, as well as the breaking energy. The mean force required to break the dentures for each processing technology is as follows: 4.54 kN for traditional packing-press technique, 17.92 kN for the injection molding technique, 1.51 kN for the additive CAD/CAM dentures, and 5.9 kN for the subtractive CAD/CAM dentures., Conclusions: The best results were obtained in the case of the thermoplastic injection system and the worst results were recorded in the case of 3D printed samples. Another important aspect depicted is the standard deviation for each group, which reveal a relatively unstable property for the thermoplastic injected dentures. Good results here in terms of absolute property and stability of the property can be conferred to CAD/CAM milled group.

Objectives: The goal of endodontic therapy is mechanically cleaning and shaping the root canal system, the removal of organic and inorganic debris followed by sealing with permanent filling materials., Materials and Methods: Therefore, the aim of this in vitro study was to engage three imagistic methods: (i) en face (ef) time domain (TD) optical coherence tomography (OCT), (ii) micro-computed tomography (μCT), and (iii) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in terms of their efficiency in assessing the quality of endodontic fillings. So far, is settled that efOCT images can identify defects∕voids in several of the investigated root canal fillings and identify gaps of 50 μm., Results: The results delivered by μCT technology also showed several imperfections of the endodontic filling but also at the interfaces formed by the sealer and the root canal walls. SEM investigations highlights the complex form of the interface formed the endodontic filling material and the walls of the root canal, as well as shortcomings of the materials from several samples. Gaps of 50 μm are identified with efOCT., Conclusions: The net advantage of OCT technology, in respect to the other two technologies consists in its non-invasiveness. The OCT axial resolution is also sufficient to see the material gaps. Another advantage of efOCT investigations is that they allow real-time imaging of complex arrangement at the interfaces of the filling material with dentinal root.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) antibacterial solution in penetrating the demineralized areas of enamel., Materials and Methods: It was considered a group of four extracted teeth (with no color fading, fissures, decay, or demineralization). Each tooth was sectioned in two equal parts, in mesio-distal direction, using a dental handpiece and a special rounded, flat bur. Each specimen was demineralized, for one minute, with 45% orthophosphoric acid, on occlusal and proximal zones. The specimens were then washed and dried with water-air dental syringe. All the probes were inspected with an optical microscope and enamel thickness was digitally measured. Advantage Arrest (Elevate Oral Care, USA), which contains SDF, was applied on the previous demineralized zones. The penetration of the substance was visually inspected with the optical microscope and electronically measured., Results: It was observed an improvement in remineralizing the white spots on enamel surfaces, the optical microscope being able to detect both demineralization and the penetration of SDF through enamel., Conclusions: Based on our in vitro study, SDF (Advantage Arrest) was capable to induce/increase enamel remineralization, through SDF penetration.

Protecting the root's internal morphology is the first key toward the success of the endodontic treatment. Due to the vast diversity of endodontic space, it is difficult to visualize and to establish the shape and limits of the root canal, especially the morphology of apical area and lateral root canals. Optical microscopy is a classical imagistic investigation method, widely used along classical methods like radiographs that also offer limited information about root morphology and extension of decay. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), a modern imagistic investigation method can provide detailed three-dimensional reconstructions of root canal. Micro-CT is a non-invasive method that has the possibility to offer cross-sectional and axial images of the endodontic space. The success of root canal treatment is based on cleaning and shaping. Beyond these two procedures, sealing the endodontic space by respecting its limits is another prerequisite for long-term success of endodontic therapy. Micro-CT can perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the root canal, root canal filling and can provide accurate images of the endodontic space. The assessment of root morphology can be obtained through imagistic invasive optical microscopy and already mentioned non-invasive methods (micro-CT). The aim of this study is to illustrate and analyze the endodontic space, according to its diversity by using micro-CT, a non-invasive imagistic investigation method an also optical microscopy. The two techniques can also provide the extension of carries or demineralized substance on different levels of the root.