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Background: Yoga, particularly Hatha Yoga, has been studied for its potential benefits on physical and mental health. However, its specific impact on cardiovascular parameters has yet to be fully elucidated in controlled studies. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Hatha Yoga on selected cardiovascular parameters in adults. Methods: A total of 140 participants were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial at a yoga training center. The study spanned six months, assessing the effects of a structured Hatha Yoga regimen on cardiovascular health. Participants meeting the inclusion criteria (aged 20-60, no chronic cardiovascular or respiratory conditions) were randomly assigned to either the yoga practice group or a control group. Cardiovascular parameters including heart rate, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness were measured at baseline and post-intervention. Results: Preliminary data indicate significant improvements in heart rate variability and systolic blood pressure among the yoga group compared to the control group. Conclusions: The findings suggest that regular Hatha Yoga practice may enhance cardiovascular health by improving heart rate variability and reducing blood pressure. Further studies with larger sample sizes and diverse populations are recommended to corroborate these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common, chronic disorder resulting from the inflammation of pilosebaceous unit, present with clinically various forms. It is usually prevalent in adolescent may persist in adulthood. This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in patients suffering from the acne vulgaris. Material And Methods: Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in 100 patients attending outpatient department of dermatology at a tertiary care hospital in south western part (Saurashtra region) of Gujrat. Dermatology life quality index (DLQI) questionnaire was used to observe the effect of acne among patients.Result And Conclusion: Total numbers of patients enrolled were 100(71 females.29 males). Maximum patients were of the age group 21-30 years with the 52(52%) individuals, followed by 25 (25%) in the age group older than 31 years, and 23 (23%) in the age group younger than 20 years. In general, grade 2 acne was the most common kind of acne. The vast majority had a “very large effect’’ on QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A leg ulcer is a disruption in the epithelial integrity of the skin, typically located between the knee and malleoli, characterized by partial or complete loss of the epidermis and dermis, occasionally extending into the subcutaneous adipose tissue. The incidence of leg ulceration is increasing, due to risk factors such as advancing age and increasing prevalence of risk factors like smoking, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Without timely intervention, these ulcers may recur and precipitate severe complications, imposing substantial economic burdens on patients. Material And Methods: In this observational study, 32 patients with leg ulcer attending the dermatology OPD at P.D.U. medical college, Rajkot, Gujarat were enrolled after obtaining their consent. Detailed history of each patient was recorded. Routine investigations and biopsy were done to detect associated risk factors and histopathological correlation. Result: Among the 32 patients,21 (65.62%) were male and 11 (34.38%) were female, predominantly in the age group of >50 years, trophic ulcers(31.25%) was predominant followed by by pyoderma gangrenosum (25%), venous ulcers (18.75%), vasculitic ulcers (15.62%), diabetic ulcers (6.25%), and malignancy-related ulcers (3.12%). History of sensory neuropathy due to leprosy (33.33%), obesity (21.88%), hypertension (18.75%), diabetes (18.75%), and malignancy (3.12%) were the common risk factors in leg ulcer patients. Conclusion: Due to the complex nature of these ulcers, a thorough diagnostic approach and adherence to treatment plans are essential for successful management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vesiculobullous disorders represent a heterogeneous group of dermatoses with protean manifestations usually associated with fluid filled skin lesions. They usually occur as a part of the spectrum of various infectious, drug-induced, genetic, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Material And Methods: It was a cross-sectional study of 300 patients with Vesiculobullous Disorders including all age groups attending a tertiary care centre over a span of 2 years. The diagnosis was made mainly by Clinical findings, Tznack smear and Histopathology. Result: In Vesiculobullous group of disorders, there were 137(45.67%) cases of infections, 111(37%) cases of immune-bullous disorders, 11(3.67%) cases of spongiotic disorders, 5(1.67%) cases of metabolic disorders, 3(1%) cases of genetic disorders, 16(5.33%) cases of bullous drug reaction, 15(5%) cases of inflammatory disorders, 1(0.33%) case of friction blister and of environmental disorder each. The highest incidence of Vesiculobullous disorders was found in age group 51-60 years (17.67%) followed by 21-30 years (16%). Incidence of Vesiculobullous disorders were more common in males (60.33%) and M: F ratio was 1.51:1. Conclusion: Correct diagnosis plays an important role in treatment and counselling about type, duration and prognosis of disease, maintaining remission and avoidance of aggravating or causative factors like drugs in cases of bullous drug reaction and stress in autoimmune Vesiculobullous group. Overcrowding, poor hygiene, low socioeconomic class, favourable environmental factors were mainly responsible for infections being most common in our study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the most common, rampant infectious diseases in developing countries. Cutaneous Tuberculosis describes dermatological manifestations of TB caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The precise diagnosis is often overlooked, due to clinical presentation as those of cutaneous disease with different etiology and relative paucity of pathogens in the lesion. The objective of the study was to describe various clinical presentations of cutaneous TB, their epidemiology, clinical features and histopathology. Material And Methods: All patients with clinical diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis attending outpatient department of dermatology in P.D.U Govt. Medical College Hospital Rajkot from march 2020 to November 2022 were included in the study after a detailed history taking, thorough clinical examination, routine blood investigations, biopsy and montoux test. Result: 20 patients of cutaneous TB were included in this study. Most common age group affected was in 30-50 years. 11(55%) patients were male and 9(45%)patients were female. The predominant presentation was lupus vulgaris in 11(55%) cases followed by tuberculosis verrucosa cutis in 5(25%) cases and 4(20%) cases as scrofuloderma. Conclusion: Cutaneous TB has varied presentation. Lupus vulgaris was found to be the most common variant in this study. Interestingly, occurrence of scrofuloderma over uncommon site (abdomen) was reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases (AICTDs) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders having overlapping clinical features. Skin is often involved and it may be the earliest sign of the systemic disease. Aims: This study highlights the various cutaneous manifestations of common AICTDs. Material and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out for a period of two years on 120 patients of AICTDs in dermatology OPD/ward at tertiary care hospital. Detailed history taking, examination and relevant laboratory tests were performed. Results: Majority of the patients had lupus erythematosus (LE) (41.67%) followed by, mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) (28.33%), systemic sclerosis (SSc) (12.5%) and morphea (10.83%). Overall, the most common presentation was photosensitivity (39.16%) followed by raynaud's phenomenon (33.33%), oral lesions (29.16%), hide bound skin (29.16%), discoid rash (29.16%) and malar rash (25.83%). Among LE patients, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (18.33%) was the commonest variant and malar rash (77.27%) and photosensitivity (77.27%) were the commonest presentations. Hide bound skin, microstomia and sclerodactyly were seen in most patients of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Antinuclear antibodies were positive in 100% excluding morphea, DLE and DDLE patients. Anti-dsDNA and anti-Sm antibodies were positive in 68.18% and 40.9% of SLE patients, anti-Scl 70 antibody was positive in 53.33% of SSc patients. Conclusion: A deep thorough understanding of cutaneous manifestations of AICTDs is necessary for early diagnosis and efficient management, hence better prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The skin serves as a window for clinicians to understand, diagnose and monitor endocrine diseases. Endocrine disorders are known to involve all organ systems of the body, including the skin. These cutaneous symptoms can sometimes be the presenting symptoms or can even be pathognomonic of the underlying endocrine condition. Aims and objectives is to assess the various cutaneous manifestations of endocrine disorders and to help in early diagnosis of the underlying endocrine disorders so as to prevent morbidity. Material and Methods: A retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 patients with endocrine disorders with mucocutaneous lesions who were receiving treatment at a tertiary care hospital. After receiving informed consent, a thorough history of the onset, progression, and triggering causes for the mucocutaneous lesions was recorded, along with the relevant laboratory tests. Results: Overall, most common age group affected was 31-40 years (31%). Female:male ratio was 1.7:1. Most common endocrine entity encountered in our study was diabetes mellitus(DM)(60%) followed by thyroid disorder (28%) and hyperandrogenism (11%). Most common dermatoses observed in DM were infections (51.4%) {fungal (28.6%), bacterial (17.8%), viral (5%)}. Among thyroid disorders 48 patients had hypothyroidism and 8 patients had hyperthyroidism. In hypothyroidism, commonest cutaneous manifestation was diffuse hair fall (70.8%). In hyperthyroidism, diffuse hair loss and pruritus were most common in (37.5%) patients each. Androgen excess in total 22 patients, in which 10 patients of acne vulgaris, 7 patients of hirsutism and 5 patients of PCOS. Conclusion: Cutaneous alterations might represent internal metabolic changes, therapeutic status or treatment -related side effects. Knowledge of the related skin lesions aids in the early detection of underlying endocrine abnormalities and hence timely treatment for the prevention of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Morphea is thickening and hardening of the skin and subcutaneous tissue due to excessive collagen deposition. It may have range of manifestations varying from a very small plaque involving only the skin to disease causing functional and cosmetic deformities. We hereby report case series of 57 morphea patients with wide variety of clinical entities. Material And Methods: Retrospective study of 57 patients with clinical diagnosis of morphea attending dermatology department of P.D.U govt. medical college and hospital Rajkot between 2014 to 2022. Result: Out of 57 patients, 37(65%) were females and 20(35%) were males (figure 1) with Male to female ratio being1:1.9. Commonest age group affected was 11 to 40 years 45(78%) patients. Most common type of morphea observed was localized morphea 23(40%) followed by generalized morphea 18(31%), linear morphea 10(18%), deep morphea 4(7%) and atrophoderma pasini and pierini 2(4%). Conclusion: Morphea is rare inflammatory immune mediated disease commonly affecting the females and young individuals. Certain predisposing factors like trauma, burn and radiation can precede morphea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]