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Teacher performance is influenced by several factors, both internal and external factors, one of which is the principal's interpersonal communication. This article discusses the results of research on the relationship of principal interpersonal communication with the performance of teachers majoring in Office Administration of Private Vocational High Schools in Cimahi City. The method used is an explanatory survey method with a quantitative approach, while the instrument used is a questionnaire distributed to 66 teachers as respondents. The correlation analysis for both variables is ordinal using the Spearman Rank Correlation data analysis technique. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the principal's interpersonal communication and the performance of teachers majoring in office administration at Private Vocational High Schools in Cimahi City.ABSTRAKKinerja guru dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, baik faktor internal maupun eksternal yang salah satunya adalah komunikasi interpersonal kepala sekolah. Artikel ini membahas hasil penelitian tentang hubungan komunikasi interpersonal kepala sekolah dengan kinerja guru jurusan Otomatisasi dan Tata Kelola Perkantoran Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Swasta di Kota Cimahi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey ekspalanasi (eksplanatory survey) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, sementara instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket yang disebarkan kepada 66 orang guru sebagai responden. Analisis korelasi untuk kedua variabel sama-sama ordinal menggunakan Teknik analisis data Korelasi Rank Spearman, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan positif dan signifikan dari komunikasi interpersonal kepala sekolah dengan kinerja guru jurusan Otomatisasi dan Tata Kelola Perkantoran Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Swasta di Kota Cimahi.

Las Dalias (Dahlia spp.) son flores nativas de Mesoamérica y endémicas de México. Su consumo como alimento es una práctica antigua, en la actualidad es escasa la información y reglamentación sanitaria para su comercialización y consumo. Al respecto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar morfológica, bioquímica y molecularmente, bacterias de origen entérico asociadas con flores de Dalia. Los resultados de la caracterización morfológica revelaron la predominancia de bacilos cortos Gram negativos. A partir de la observación de la morfología colonial en medios de cultivo selectivos y diferenciales se identificaron como Escherichia coli y Salmonella spp. Sin embargo, el uso de un método comercial automatizado los clasifica como Enterobacter cancerogenus. Debido a que ambas pruebas arrojaron resultados distintos en cuanto a la identidad del microorganismo aislado, no fueron concluyentes. Por lo tanto, se recurrió a la caracterización molecular para la identificación del aislado bacteriano. La bacteria predominante en flores de Dalia, correspondió a Pantoea vagans (Número de acceso CP002206). Éste es el primer reporte de Pantoea vagans aislada de flores de Dalia.

Human Resource division is the mix of all HR that is vital or important to contribute its part in accomplishing the association objective. The human Resource office is one of the underestimated division, particularly in the instructive area. Indeed, even the exercises given by the division are vital for the prosperity of the association recommended that because of expansion in the opposition and appropriation of innovation by the business to accomplish the upper hand it is vital for the associations presently to get change the association culture to receive the innovation and contend with the opposition. Henceforth, this change can just oversee by the human asset office. As it is one of the divisions that give every one of the exercises, for example, preparing and advancement program, pay and remuneration, rights and order, execution and examination, and so forth These all exercises are vital to set up the representatives to manage the coming change. The human asset office assists with bringing the specific abilities and information that are needed by the representatives to manage the fulfilment. The college nowadays has begun understanding the significance of human asset division for the instructive area too. As they additionally need to manage the worldwide rivalry. In this way, they likewise required certain abilities and information to deal with the global norm of the college. Henceforth, the Human Resource division is perhaps the main office to colleges also. The study has provided research on the topic of The impact of Human resource activities on organizational change. For this study, the qualitative approach has been chosen. The instrument of data collection for this study is the close-handed questionnaires. The questionnaires have been sent to the 384 respondents. The data has been collected and the reliability and validity have been checked as well. For this four variables have been tested that are performance appraisal, training and development, rights and discipline, and compensation/incentives. The study is quantitative-based and questionnaires have been chosen for the collection of the data. The 384 respondents have been targeted to collect the data from Kirkuk University. 70% of the data has been used in the analysis process. The result has been made based on the sig value of the multiple regression analysis and the correlation analysis. The study has compared the results of the research with the past work presented by the other researchers and concluded that human resource activities have a positive relationship with organizational change.

Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr. is a popular seasoning species. During its production, there are losses of up to 50% due to anthracnose caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ethanolic extracts on the in vitro and in vivo control of isolated Colletotrichum spp. Allspice. Extracts of leaves of P. dioica, Piper auritum, Plectranthus amboinicus and Psidium guajava were chemically characterized by gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Several monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, organic acids, alkaloids and monoterpenoid phenols were identified among other organic compounds. Alpha-ocimene in P. dioica; alpha-thujene and isosafrole in P. auritum; kumatakenin, cirsilineol, taxifolin and retusin in P. amboinicus are reported for the first time. The extracts of P. amboinicus and P. dioica inhibited mycelial growth, spore germination in Colletotrichum spp. at concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL, while the extracts of P. guajava and P. auritum did so at concentrations of 30 and 40 mg/mL. The extracts of P. amboinicus, P. dioica and P. auritum modified the size of the spores, caused degradation and formation of vacuoles in the spores of C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides. The incidences in fruit inoculated with C. boninense and treated with the extracts of P. amboinicus and P. dioica were of 12% and 4% respectively. The severity was 1.5% with the extract of P. amboinicus and 0% with P. dioica. The results show the richness of bioactive compounds present in the extracts and their possible application to develop biotechnological products against phytopathogenic fungi.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the structure, chemical composition and biological activity of nanoparticles composed of chitosan (CNPs) and chitosan with Byrsonima crassifolia extract (CENPs), with which two EC, edible nanochitosan coatings (ENC) and edible nanochitosan extract coatings (ENEC) were elaborated, respectively. These coatings were sprayed on bell pepper during the pre-harvest stage and microbiological activity was determined. After harvesting the quality of bell pepper was evaluated for the following variables: weight loss, firmness, color change, respiration, ethylene production, total carotenoids, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and microbiological activity. The result indicated that the volatile fraction of Byrsonima crassifolia extract is 94% composed of α pinene, camphene, and eucalyptol. The CNPs had a higher size distribution 420 nm than the CENPs 312 nm and a potential Zeta of −40 mV. The CNPs and CENPs decreased the in vitro growth of Alternaria alternata up to 100%. During the cultivation of the fruit, both EC reduced the microbiological activity by 80%. In the postharvest stage some changes were observed in the fruit treated with the EC, for instance: 1) the fruit showed a 30% the weight loss and 15% the change of color after 21 d of storage, 2) the phenolic content, carotenoids and reducing capacity were increased by 18% and 3) the microbiological activity was reduced by 85%. In conclusion, the application of ENC and ENEC during the cultivation and postharvest storage of bell pepper preserved the physicochemical quality, improved microbiological quality and increased their antioxidant content.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of a chitosan biodegradable coating (BC), functionalized with cinnamon essential oil and aqueous extract of Roselle calyces, on the quality, respiratory rate, anthocyanin content and antioxidant capacity using the ABTS radical. Figs ‘Black Mission’ of two maturity stages were used. The first maturity stage included purple fruits (14% SST), referred to as “ripe figs”. The second stage was unripe figs, which presented a green color in 25% of its surface (11% SST). Five treatments were applied for each fig maturity stage. 150 g of figs was kept into clamshells packaging at 5 °C for 0, 4, 10, 15 and 21 days, before being transferred to room temperature (20 °C) for 2 more days. The BC structure was evaluated with the use of SEM. Furthermore, quality of this fruits as a result of the use BC and the different storage conditions was determined. The incidence and severity of rotting caused byA. alternatawas quantified. The matrix of the BC was porous and heterogeneous. The unripe figs treated with BC and preventive treatments showed a lower weight loss, color change, respiration rate, and anthocyanin content than the control group. Meanwhile, the ripe figs receiving the preventive, curative and coated treatments, only showed the smallest color changes compared to the remaining treatments, but the remaining variables were similar to those of the control group. Finally,A. alternatadid not grow at 5 °C in unripe figs but only in the ripe ones. The BC preserved the physicochemical and microbiological quality of unripe figs at 5 °C for 21 days.

Bell peppers are susceptible to postharvest diseases caused by the fungus Alternaria alternata that limit its commercialization. Nowadays, nanotechnology allows encapsulation of natural components such as terpenes. The objective of this work was to develop chitosan nanoparticles with α-pinene (P-CSNPs) and a nanostructured edible coating (EC-P-CSNPs). The P-CSNPs were characterized by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) and ζ potential. The P-CSNPs and the EC-P-CSNPs were applied to the bell peppers inoculated with A. alternata under cold storage for either 0, 7, 14 and 21 days at 12 ± 2 °C followed by a shelf-life period of 5 days at 20 ± 2 °C to assess their post-harvest quality. Nanoparticles size was 3.9 ± 0.5 nm and the ζ potential value was between 13.4 and 14.9 mV. The incorporation of α-pinene was corroborated by FTIR. Significant changes in weight loss were obtained for P-CSNPs and EC-P-CSNPs at percentage of 3 and 6% compared to the control. For firmness, color, total soluble solids, titratable acids, maturity index, total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity, no differences were found. Total carotenes were higher in bell peppers without A. alternata. The chitosan nanoparticles and edible coating inhibited A. alternata during the cold storage period of bell pepper and preserved the physicochemical quality.

Road accident has turned out to be one of the severe nuisances in Bangladesh. The main reason behind these accidents is the carelessness and reckless driving of the drivers. In this paper, an IoT based system is proposed to ensure the continuous monitoring of the parameters of a running vehicle like vehicle speed, number of hard brakes, and rolling of the vehicle, which can be a measure of the ‘quality of driving'. The parameters will be uploaded to a server every instant so that the bus authority can directly observe the driver's performance, which will increase the responsibility of the driver to avoid reckless driving. Whenever the vehicle speed exceeds the safe calculated threshold speed, the system will alert the driver by playing sound on the buzzer. Besides, the system has also a button. In case of an accident, if this button is pressed, the system will send SMS instantly to proper authority with the location information. In this way, this system can speed up the rescue operation, minimize the casualties after the accident, and numerous important human lives can be spared.

In this study, chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and chitosan nanoparticles- botanical extracts: EEA-CSNPs (ethanolic blueberry extract added chitosan nano-particles) and EMN-CSNPs (extract methanol of nanche added chitosan nano-particles) were characterized and evaluated in vitro ongrowth of Alternaria alternata isolated from Fig and Rosemary and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from Papaya and Soursop. From particle size distribution characteriza-tion, the size of nanoparticles increased after EEA incorporation. On the other hand, the smallest value of Z-average particle size was for the EMN-CSNPs. Zeta potential value decreased for CSNPs and EEA-CSNPs. However, when EMN is incorporated to CSNPs, the value is increased. From the results, it can be seen that the most stable suspension was EMN-CSNPs. After incorporation of Byrsonima crassifolia to CSNPs, no changes were observed in characteristic absorption bands for the FTIR spectra. However, after Vaccinium corymbosum incorporation to the CSNPs, changes were seen. For in vitro evaluation, CSNPs without EEA caused the total germination and sporulation inhibition of A. alternata from Rosemary. Incorporation of EMN to CSNPs improved the control of C. gloeosporioides with amycelial growth inhibition of 79% isolated from papaya and 82% isolated from soursop. In both isolated there were total germination inhibition. Overall, a synergistic effect between the chitosan and EMN was observed.

Current concerns about the use of synthetic pesticides for preserving horticultural commodities have triggered the search for environmentally friendly packaging. In this regard, this study evaluated the effect of chitosan nanoparticle and chitosan-Byrsonima crassifolia nanoparticle coatings on the postharvest quality of tomato and on the incidence of Pectobacterium carotovorum after 19 days of storage. Thickness and swelling properties as well as the quality and physiological variables, and antimicrobial activity were determined. From the results, confocal laser scanning micrographs showed the interaction between the tomato and the coating containing the rhodamine-labeled chitosan nanoparticles. Changes in chroma and hue angle values as well as for firmness, with an increase in ascorbic acid content and lower CFU (colony-forming units) for the tomatoes coated with chitosan nanoparticles at a concentration of 30% were observed. The weight loss values were less than 13%. There was a decrease in CO2 and ethylene production at the end of the storage period. Chitosan-based nanostructured coating represents an alternative for preserving tomatoes against P. carotovorum.

Los residuos generados durante la producción del higo constituyen una alternativa novedosa para elaborar biofungicidas. Los polifenoles están presentes en la piel de los frutos de higo y poseen actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana, por lo que este desecho fue utilizado para cuantificar fenoles, antocianinas y actividad antioxidante, además para determinar su efecto sobre la Tasa de Crecimiento (TC), la Inhibición del Crecimiento Micelial (ICM), la esporulación y la germinación de las esporas de los hongos fitopatógenos Colletotrichum acutatum, Fusarium solani, Penicillium oxallicum y Rhizopus stolonifer, a concentraciones de 2.5 a 50 mg mL-1. Los resultados fueron analizados por ANOVA y prueba de Tukey. La concentración de los polifenoles totales y antocianinas fueron mayores en la piel del higo, comparadas con las del extracto etanólico. En contraste la capacidad antioxidante del extracto fue mayor 32.9 µmol g-1 comparada con la piel de higo 21.7 µmol g-1. En general los hongos presentaron TC similares al control y baja ICM de 23 a 30%. No se observó esporulación en F. solani a concentraciones de 7.5 a 25 mg mL-1. El porcentaje de germinación de esporas en R. stolonifer fue de 0 % a 50 mg mL-1.

Purpose In patients suffering from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (iPAH), cardiac function can be impaired in the early postoperative phase after lung transplantation as the chronically untrained left ventricle is prone to fail. Thus, restrictive fluid management is pivotal to unload the left heart. In our institution, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is implemented liberally, whenever a patient cannot be balanced negatively. It remains unclear whether such strategy impairs long-term kidney function. Methods iPAH patients transplanted between 2000 and 2018 were included in this retrospective study. The influence of hemofiltration in the peri-operative phase on long-term outcomes was investigated. Results A total of 87 iPAH lung transplant recipients were included in this analysis. In 38 patients (44%) CRRT was started in the early postoperative period for a median of 16 days (3-45). In this group, urine production had significantly decreased and patients began to acquire a positive fluid balance, however, hemostatic functions of the kidney were still preserved at the time of CRRT initiation. All patients were successfully weaned from CRRT and fully recovered their kidney function at the time of hospital discharge (Figure 1). No difference in kidney function was found between CRRT and non-CRRT patients at 1, 3, and 5 years. Long-term survival was excellent with 10-year survival rates of 75%. Conclusion Early implementation of CRRT for perioperative volume management does not impair long-term kidney function in iPAH recipients. Our data suggest that such a strategy leads to excellent long-term outcomes.

The edible coatings (EC) of nanostructured chitosan (CNCh) and chitosan (CCh) functionalized with cinnamon essential oil (CEO) or trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) improve the postharvest quality of cucumber and antifungal activity against Fusarium solani. Were measured physicochemical, physiological and microbiological parameters of the fruit during storage. The morphology of nanoparticles of chitosan was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size distribution and Zeta potential were measured. By TEM the chitosan nanoparticles (NCh) and nanoparticles (NChCEO) had a particle size of 5 nm and 8 nm, respectively. The NCh particle size distribution showed a diameter of 4.68 nm, for NChCEO was 4.34 nm and for NChTCA was of 4.86 nm. The Zeta potential was of −1.94 mV, −1.32 mV, and −2.48 mV respectively. With the EC some changes were observed; The fruit treated with CCh and CNCh showed a weight loss of 5.49% and 8.47%. In the fruit with EC and nanoparticles, the total chlorophyll content was higher at the end of storage. The colony forming units (CFU) of fungi and yeasts were effectively inhibited with ECs. The CCh and CNCh showed the lowest severity. The EC evaluated are a technological alternative to preserve the quality of the cucumber.

"El quitosano tiene importancia en agricultura debido a sus propiedades antimicrobianas, a su abundancia en la naturaleza y su no toxicidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la capacidad antifungica de nanoparticulas de quitosano y nanoparticulas de quitosano con extracto de arandano in vitro contra Colletotrichum fragariae e in situ en fresas almacenadas a temperatura de 5 °C y a temperatura ambiente. El ensayo in vitro se realizo por el método de dilución en agar, se determino el crecimieno micelial y se uso un diseño estadistico completamente al azar. El efecto de las nanopartículas sobre frutos de fresa almacenadas se evaluo sobre variables fisiologicas (respiración, perdida de peso, fenoles) y de calidad (color, firmeza, acidez y SST) bajo un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial.Para la infección (incidencia y severidad ) se aplico un diseño estadistico completamente al azar. In vitro ambas nanoparticulas llegaron aproximadamente hasta el 100% de inibicion del crecimiento miceliar. En ambas temperaturas las nanoparticulas no influyeron sobre la mayoria de las variables, pero subieron la respiración en el caso de la temperatura de 5°C, adelantó la maduración y el desarollo de la infección. A temperatura ambiente las nanoparticulas bajaron la infección. La temperatura de almacenamiento por lo tanto puede influir sobre el efecto de las nanoparticulas. Palabras claves adicionales: fungico, nanopartículas, Colletotrichum fragariae, extractos botanicos Antifungal potential of chitosan nanoparticles and cranberry extract against Colletotrichum fragariae in Strawberry."