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441 results on '"Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah"'

12. Male Circumcision and HIV

Author

Boyle, Gregory J., Denniston, George C., Hill, George, Agot, Kawango E., Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah O., Kreiss, Joan K., and Weiss, Noel S.

Published
2004

29. Studies of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Mucosal Viral Shedding and Transmission in Kenya

Author

Overbaugh, Julie, Kreiss, Joan, Poss, Mary, Lewis, Paul, Mostad, Sara, John, Grace, Nduati, Ruth, Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy, Martin, Harold, Richardson, Barbra, Jackson, Stephanie, Neilson, Joel, Long, E. Michelle, Panteleeff, Dana, Welch, Mary, Rakwar, Joel, Jackson, Denis, Chohan, Bhavna, Lavreys, Ludo, Mandaliya, Kishorchandra, Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah, and Bwayo, Job

Published
1999

31. Use of Nonoxynol-9 and Changes in Vaginal Lactobacilli

Author

Richardson, Barbra A., Martin, Harold L., Stevens, Claire E., Hillier, Sharon L., Mwatha, Anthony K., Chohan, Bhavna H., Nyange, Patrick M., Mandaliya, Kishorchandra, Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah, and Kreiss, Joan K.

Published
1998

42. Higher set point plasma viral load and more-severe acute HIV type 1 (HIV-1) illness predict mortality among high-risk HIV-1-infected African women

Author

Lavreys, Ludo, Baeten, Jared M., Chohan, Varsha, McClelland, R. Scott, Hassan, Wisal M., Richardson, Barbra A., Mandaliya, Kishorchandra, Ndinya-achola, Jeckoniah O., and Overbaugh, Julie

Subjects
HIV patients -- Prognosis, Mortality -- Kenya, Mortality -- Risk factors, Women, Black -- Health aspects, Women, Black -- Research, Viremia -- Measurement, Viremia -- Analysis, Health, Health care industry
Published
2006

43. A comparison of genital HIV-1 shedding and sexual risk behavior among Kenyan women based on eligibility for initiation of HAART according to WHO guidelines

Author

McClelland, R. Scott, Baeten, Jared M., Richardson, Barbra A., Lavreys, Ludo, Emery, Sandra, Mandaliya, Kishorchundra, Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah O., and Overbaugh, Julie

Subjects
Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Patient outcomes, Sex -- Research, Health, World Health Organization -- Standards
Abstract

An evaluation of genital HIV-1 shedding and sexual risk behavior among Kenyan women stratified by WHO criteria for initiating antiretroviral therapy is presented. The spread of HIV-1 through sexual partnerships is dependent on the duration of infection, the transmissibility of the virus, and the rate of partner change and antiretroviral therapy could influence all 3 of these factors by prolonging survival, decreasing genital HIV-1 concentrations, and possibly resulting in increased sexual risk behavior.

Published
2006

44. Micronutrients supplementation increases genital tract shedding of HIV-1 in women: Results of a randomized

Author

McClelland, R. Scott, Overbaugh, Julie, Mandaliya, Kishorchandra, Lavreys, Ludo, Bankson, Daniel D., Baeten, Jared M., Richardson, Barbra A., Emery, Sandra, Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah O., Kreiss, Joan K., and Bwayo, Job J.

Subjects
Multivitamins -- Health aspects, HIV infection -- Care and treatment, HIV infection -- Nutritional aspects, Health
Abstract

The hypothesis: that micronutrient supplementation decreases genital HIV-1 shedding. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 6 weeks of multivitamin plus selenium supplementation vs. placebo was conducted among 400 HIV-1-seropositive, nonpregnant, antiretroviral-native women in Mombasa, Kenya. The potential benefit of micronutrient supplementation in HIV-1-seropositive women should be considered in relation to the potential for increased infectivity.

Published
2004

46. Vitamin A deficiency and the acute phase response among HIV-1-infected and -uninfected women in Kenia

Author

Baeten, Jared M., McClelland, R. Scott, Richardson, Barbara A., Bankson, Daniel D., Lavreys, Ludo, Wener, Mark H., Overbaugh, Julie, Mandaliya, Kishorchandra, Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah O., Bwayo, Job J., and Kreiss, Joan K.

Subjects
Epidemiology -- Statistics, Epidemiology -- Research, HIV patients -- Demographic aspects, HIV patients -- Health aspects, HIV patients -- Care and treatment, HIV infection -- Demographic aspects, HIV infection -- Prevention, HIV infection -- Research, HIV infection -- Health aspects, Vitamin A deficiency -- Health aspects, Women -- Demographic aspects, Women -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Research has been conducted on the vitamin A deficiency among HIV-infected and -uninfected women in Kenya. The relationship between serum vitamin A concentration and HIV-1 status, disease state and acute phase response markers has been investigated and the details are reported.

Published
2002

48. Morbidity and mortality in breastfed and formula-fed infants of HIV-1-infected women: A randomized clinical trial. (ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION)

Author

Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy, Nduati, Ruth, John, Grace, Reilly, Marie, Richardson, Barbra, Mwatha, Anthony, Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah, Bwayo, Job, and Kreiss, Joan

Subjects
HIV infection in children -- Prevention, Infant formulas -- Usage, Infants (Newborn) -- Food and nutrition
Abstract

HIV-infected women in developing countries should be encouraged to use infant formula provided a clean source of water is available to prepare it. This will reduce the risk of the mother transmitting the virus to her baby in breast milk., Context Breastfeeding among women infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is associated with substantial risk of HIV-1 transmission, but little is known about the morbidity risks associated with formula feeding in infants of HIV-1-infected women in resource-poor settings. Objective To compare morbidity, nutritional status, mortality adjusted for HIV-1 status, and cause of death among formula-fed and breastfed infants of HIV-1-infected women. Design Randomized clinical trial conducted between 1992 and 1998. Setting Four antenatal clinics in Nairobi, Kenya. Participants Of 401 live-born, singleton, or first-born twin infants of randomized HIV-1--seropositive mothers, 371 were included in the analysis of morbidity and mortality. Interventions Mothers were randomly assigned either to use formula (n=186) or to breastfeed (n=185) their infants. Main Outcome Measures Mortality rates, adjusted for HIV-1 infection status; morbidity; and nutritional status during the first 2 years of life. Results Two-year estimated mortality rates among infants were similar in the formula-feeding and breastfeeding arms (20.0% vs 24.4%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.8; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 0.5-1.3), even after adjusting for HIV-1 infection status (HR, 1.1;95% Cl, 0.7-1.7). Infection with HIV-1 was associated with a 9.0-fold increased mortality risk (95% Cl, 5.3-15.3). The incidence of diarrhea during the 2 years of follow-up was similar in formula and breastfeeding arms (155 vs 149 per 100 person-years, respectively). The incidence of pneumonia was identical in the 2 groups (62 per 100 person-years), and there were no significant differences in incidence of other recorded illnesses. Infants in the breastfeeding arm tended to have better nutritional status, significantly so during the first 6 months of life. Conclusions In this randomized clinical trial, infants assigned to be formula fed or breastfed had similar mortality rates and incidence of diarrhea and pneumonia during the first 2 years of life. However, HIV-1--free survival at 2 years was significantly higher in the formula arm. With appropriate education and access to clean water, formula feeding can be a safe alternative to breastfeeding for infants of HIV-1--infected mothers in a resource-poor setting.

Published
2001

49. Selenium deficiency is associated with shedding of HIV-1-infected cells in the female genital tract

Author

Baeten, Jared M., Mostad, Sara B., Hughes, Martin P., Overbaugh, Julie, Bankson, Daniel D., Mandaliya, Kishorchandra, Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah O., Bwayo, Job J., and Kreiss, Joan K.

Subjects
HIV infection in women, Selenium in human nutrition -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Selenium deficiency can triple an HIV-infected woman's risk of shedding the virus in vaginal secretions, according to a study of 318 HIV-infected women in Kenya. This indicates that proper nutrition might make HIV-infected women less infectious.

Published
2001

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