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1. Enhancement of the priming efficacy of DNA vaccines encoding dendritic cell-targeted antigens by synergistic toll-like receptor ligands

Author

Kornbluth Richard S, Stone Geoffrey W, Nabi Ghulam, Temchura Vladimir, Nchinda Godwin, Tenbusch Matthias, Grossmann Claudius, and Überla Klaus

Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Abstract Background Targeting of protein antigens to dendritic cells (DC) via the DEC205 receptor enhances presentation of antigen-derived peptides on MHC-I and MHC-II molecules and, in the presence of costimulatory signals, antigen-specific immune responses. The immunogenicity and efficacy of DNA vaccination can also be enhanced by fusing the encoded antigen to single chain antibodies directed against DEC205. To further improve this strategy, we evaluated different toll-like receptor ligands (TLR) and CD40 ligands (CD40L) as adjuvants for DNA vaccines encoding a DEC205-single-chain antibody fused to the ovalbumin model antigen or HIV-1 Gag and assessed the priming efficacy of DNA in a DNA prime adenoviral vector boost immunization regimen. Results Mice were primed with the adjuvanted DEC-205 targeted DNA vaccines and boosted with adenoviral vectors encoding the same antigens. CD8+ T cell responses were determined after the adenoviral booster immunization, to determine how well the different DNA immunization regimens prime for the adenoviral boost. In the absence of adjuvants, targeting of DNA-encoded ovalbumin to DCs suppressed CD8+ T-cell responses after the adenoviral booster immunization. CD8+ T-cell responses to the DEC205 targeted DNA vaccines increased only slightly by adding either the TLR-9 ligand CpG, the TLR-3 ligand Poly I:C, or CD40 ligand expression plasmids. However, the combination of both TLR-ligands led to a strong enhancement of CD8+ T-cell responses compared to a non-targeted DNA vaccine. This finding was confirmed using HIV Gag as antigen. Conclusion Although DNA prime adenoviral vector boost immunizations belong to the strongest inducers of cytotoxic T cell responses in different animal models and humans, the CD8+ T cell responses can be further improved by targeting the DNA encoded antigen to DEC205 in the presence of synergistic TLR ligands CpG and Poly I:C.

Published
2009
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3. Characterization of cationic lipid DNA transfection complexes differing in susceptability to serum inhibition

Author

Überla Klaus, Nchinda Godwin, and Zschörnig Olaf

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65
Abstract

Abstract Background Cationic lipid DNA complexes based on DOTAP (1,2-dioleoyl-3-(trimethyammonium) propane) and mixtures of DOTAP and cholesterol (DC) have been previously optimized for transfection efficiency in the absence of serum and used as a non-viral gene delivery system. To determine whether DOTAP and DC lipid DNA complexes could be obtained with increased transfection effciency in the presence of high serum concentrations, the composition of the complexes was varied systematically and a total of 162 different complexes were analyzed for transfection efficiency in the presence and absence of high serum concentrations. Results Increasing the ratio of DOTAP or DC to DNA led to a dose dependent enhancement of transfection efficiency in the presence of high serum concentrations up to a ratio of approximately 128 nmol lipid/μg DNA. Transfection efficiency could be further increased for all ratios of DOTAP and DC to DNA by addition of the DNA condensing agent protamine sulfate (PS). For DOTAP DNA complexes with ratios of ≤ 32 nmol/μg DNA, peak transfection efficiencies were obtained with 4 μg PS/μg DNA. In contrast, increasing the amount of PS of DC complexes above 0.5 μg PS /μg DNA did not lead to significant further increases in transfection efficiency in the presence of high serum concentrations. Four complexes, which had a similar high transfection efficiency in cell culture in the presence of low serum concentrations but which differed largely in the lipid to DNA ratio and the amount of PS were selected for further analysis. Intravenous injection of the selected complexes led to 22-fold differences in transduction efficiency, which correlated with transfection efficiency in the presence of high serum concentrations. The complex with the highest transfection efficiency in vivo consisted of 64 nmol DC/ 16 μg PS/ μg DNA. Physical analysis revealed a predicted size of 440 nm and the highest zeta potential of the complexes analyzed. Conclusions Optimization of cationic lipid DNA complexes for transfection efficiency in the presence of high concentrations of serum led to the identification of a DC complex with high transduction efficiency in mice. This complex differs from previously described ones by higher lipid to DNA and PS to DNA ratios. The stability of this complex in the presence of high concentrations of serum and its high transduction efficiency in mice suggests that it is a promising candidate vehicle for in vivo gene delivery.

Published
2002
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4. Translating Predictions of Zoonotic Viruses for Policymakers.

Author

Judson, Seth D, LeBreton, Matthew, Fuller, Trevon, Hoffman, Risa M, Njabo, Kevin, Brewer, Timothy F, Dibongue, Elsa, Diffo, Joseph, Kameni, Jean-Marc Feussom, Loul, Severin, Nchinda, Godwin W, Njouom, Richard, Nwobegahay, Julius, Takuo, Jean Michel, Torimiro, Judith N, Wade, Abel, and Smith, Thomas B

Subjects
Animals, Animals, Wild, Humans, Zoonoses, Rift Valley Fever, Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean, Lassa Fever, Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola, Marburg Virus Disease, Policy Making, Cameroon, Geographic Mapping, Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Ebola virus, Filoviridae, Hemorrhagic fevers, Risk, Viral, Virus diseases, Viruses, Ecology, Veterinary Sciences, Public Health and Health Services
Abstract

Recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease and Zika virus disease highlight the need for disseminating accurate predictions of emerging zoonotic viruses to national governments for disease surveillance and response. Although there are published maps for many emerging zoonotic viruses, it is unknown if there is agreement among different models or if they are concordant with national expert opinion. Therefore, we reviewed existing predictions for five high priority emerging zoonotic viruses with national experts in Cameroon to investigate these issues and determine how to make predictions more useful for national policymakers. Predictive maps relied primarily on environmental parameters and species distribution models. Rift Valley fever virus and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus predictions differed from national expert opinion, potentially because of local livestock movements. Our findings reveal that involving national experts could elicit additional data to improve predictions of emerging pathogens as well as help repackage predictions for policymakers.

Published
2018

6. Global Assessment of Dengue Virus-Specific CD4+ T Cell Responses in Dengue-Endemic Areas.

Author

Grifoni, Alba, Angelo, Michael, Lopez, Benjamin, ORourke, Patrick, Sidney, John, Cerpas, Cristhiam, Balmaseda, Angel, Silveira, Cassia, Maestri, Alvino, Costa, Priscilla, Durbin, Anna, Diehl, Sean, Phillips, Elizabeth, Mallal, Simon, De Silva, Aruna, Nchinda, Godwin, Nkenfou, Celine, Collins, Matthew, de Silva, Aravinda, Lim, Mei, Macary, Paul, Tatullo, Filippo, Solomon, Tom, Satchidanandam, Vijaya, Desai, Anita, Ravi, Vasanthapram, Coloma, Josefina, Turtle, Lance, Rivino, Laura, Kallas, Esper, Peters, Bjoern, Harris, Eva, Sette, Alessandro, and Weiskopf, Daniela

Subjects
CD4+ T cells, HLA, adaptive immunity, dengue virus, epitope
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Dengue is a major public health problem worldwide. Assessment of adaptive immunity is important to understanding immunopathology and to define correlates of protection against dengue virus (DENV). To enable global assessment of CD4+ T cell responses, we mapped HLA-DRB1-restricted DENV-specific CD4+ T cell epitopes in individuals previously exposed to DENV in the general population of the dengue-endemic region of Managua, Nicaragua. METHODS: HLA class II epitopes in the population of Managua were identified by an in vitro IFNγ ELISPOT assay. CD4+ T cells purified by magnetic bead negative selection were stimulated with HLA-matched epitope pools in the presence of autologous antigen-presenting cells, followed by pool deconvolution to identify specific epitopes. The epitopes identified in this study were combined with those previously identified in the DENV endemic region of Sri Lanka, to generate a megapool (MP) consisting of 180 peptides specifically designed to achieve balanced HLA and DENV serotype coverage. The DENV CD4MP180 was validated by intracellular cytokine staining assays. RESULTS: We detected responses directed against a total of 431 epitopes, representing all 4 DENV serotypes, restricted by 15 different HLA-DRB1 alleles. The responses were associated with a similar pattern of protein immunodominance, overall higher magnitude of responses, as compared to what was observed previously in the Sri Lanka region. Based on these epitope mapping studies, we designed a DENV CD4 MP180 with higher and more consistent coverage, which allowed the detection of CD4+ T cell DENV responses ex vivo in various cohorts of DENV exposed donors worldwide, including donors from Nicaragua, Brazil, Singapore, Sri Lanka, and U.S. domestic flavivirus-naïve subjects immunized with Tetravalent Dengue Live-Attenuated Vaccine (TV005). This broad reactivity reflects that the 21 HLA-DRB1 alleles analyzed in this and previous studies account for more than 80% of alleles present with a phenotypic frequency ≥5% worldwide, corresponding to 92% phenotypic coverage of the general population (i.e., 92% of individuals express at least one of these alleles). CONCLUSION: The DENV CD4 MP180 can be utilized to measure ex vivo responses to DENV irrespective of geographical location.

Published
2017

10. Enhancement of the priming efficacy of DNA vaccines encoding dendritic cell-targeted antigens by synergistic toll-like receptor ligands

Author

Grossmann, Claudius, Tenbusch, Matthias, Nchinda, Godwin, Temchura, Vladimir, Nabi, Ghulam, Stone, Geoffrey W, Kornbluth, Richard S, and Überla, Klaus

Abstract

Abstract Background Targeting of protein antigens to dendritic cells (DC) via the DEC205 receptor enhances presentation of antigen-derived peptides on MHC-I and MHC-II molecules and, in the presence of costimulatory signals, antigen-specific immune responses. The immunogenicity and efficacy of DNA vaccination can also be enhanced by fusing the encoded antigen to single chain antibodies directed against DEC205. To further improve this strategy, we evaluated different toll-like receptor ligands (TLR) and CD40 ligands (CD40L) as adjuvants for DNA vaccines encoding a DEC205-single-chain antibody fused to the ovalbumin model antigen or HIV-1 Gag and assessed the priming efficacy of DNA in a DNA prime adenoviral vector boost immunization regimen. Results Mice were primed with the adjuvanted DEC-205 targeted DNA vaccines and boosted with adenoviral vectors encoding the same antigens. CD8+ T cell responses were determined after the adenoviral booster immunization, to determine how well the different DNA immunization regimens prime for the adenoviral boost. In the absence of adjuvants, targeting of DNA-encoded ovalbumin to DCs suppressed CD8+ T-cell responses after the adenoviral booster immunization. CD8+ T-cell responses to the DEC205 targeted DNA vaccines increased only slightly by adding either the TLR-9 ligand CpG, the TLR-3 ligand Poly I:C, or CD40 ligand expression plasmids. However, the combination of both TLR-ligands led to a strong enhancement of CD8+ T-cell responses compared to a non-targeted DNA vaccine. This finding was confirmed using HIV Gag as antigen. Conclusion Although DNA prime adenoviral vector boost immunizations belong to the strongest inducers of cytotoxic T cell responses in different animal models and humans, the CD8+ T cell responses can be further improved by targeting the DNA encoded antigen to DEC205 in the presence of synergistic TLR ligands CpG and Poly I:C.

Published
2009

13. Toward the elimination of hepatitis B: networking to promote the prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus through population-based interventions and multidisciplinary groups in Africa.

Author

Embola Torimiro, Judith Ndongo, Duri, Kerina, Goumkwa, Nadège M., Atah, Solange M., Ondigui, Juliette-Laure Ndzie, Lobe, Cindy, Bouyou, Marielle, Ndeboko, Bénédicte, Moussa, Ali Mahamat, Police, Camengo, Awoumou, Patrick, Peyonga, Puinta, Djivida, Prisca V., Felix, Assah, Nchinda, Godwin W., Wandji, Brigitte, Simo, Rachel K., Moudourou, Sylvie Agnès, Gutierrez, Ana, and Garcia, Rosi

Published
2024
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18. Filaria specific antibody response profiling in plasma from anti-retroviral naïve Loa loa microfilaraemic HIV-1 infected people

Author

Njambe Priso, Ghislain Donald, Lissom, Abel, NGU, Loveline N., Nji, Nadesh N., Tchadji, Jules Colince, Tchouangueu, Thibau Flaurant, Ambada, Georgia E., Ngane, Carole Stéphanie Sake, Dafeu, Brigitte Laure, Djukouo, Larissa, Nyebe, Inès, Magagoum, Suzanne, Ngoh, Apeh Alfred, Herve, Ouambo Fotso, Garcia, Rosario, Gutiérrez, Anna, Okoli, Arinze S., Esimone, Charles O., Njiokou, Flobert, Park, Chae Gyu, Waffo, Alain Bopda, and Nchinda, Godwin W.

Published
2018
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19. Pattern and prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Genotype Among HBV Discordant Partners in Enugu, Southeastern Nigeria

Author

Ezea, Moses Chukwuemeka, Okechukwu George Chukwuma, Aneke, Christian Chinedu, Ejinaka, Patricia, Nchinda, Godwin W, and Esimone, Charles Okechukwu

Subjects
Hepatitis B Virus, Genotypes, Mixed-infection, Discordant Partners, Concordant partners, Immunoassay
Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to cause significant global health problems despite the presence of a potential vaccine and other clinical approaches. This study was designed to investigate the pattern and spread of HBV genotypes among discordant and concordant partners of hepatitis B virus infection in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study involved a cross-sectional study consisting of 150 subjects (120 discordant and concordant partners of hepatitis B, and 30 controls). HBsAg was screened using a rapid ELISA diagnostic strip and re-screened to reaffirm the result using Ichroma Fluorescence Immunoassay (FIA) analyser. Multiplex nested polymerase chain reaction using type specific primers was used to identify the HBV genotypes. Statistical analysis was performed using Graph Pad Prism. HBV genotype E (75%), A (10%) and a mixed genotype of A and E (mixed infection (15%) were gotten with genotype E being the most predominant. This study has established the high prevalence of genotype E as the most predominant HBV genotype in circulation in Enugu, southeastern Nigeria.

Published
2022
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25. The efficacy of DNA vaccination is enhanced in mice by targeting the encoded protein to dendritic cells

Author

Nchinda, Godwin, Kuroiwa, Janelle, Oks, Margarita, Trumpfheller, Christine, Park, Chae Gyu, Huang, Yaoxing, Hannaman, Drew, Schlesinger, Sarah J., Mizenina, Olga, Nussenzweig, Michel C., Uberla, Klaus, and Steinman, Ralph M.

Subjects
DNA vaccines -- Dosage and administration, Drug targeting -- Methods, Dendritic cells -- Health aspects, Cellular proteins -- Health aspects
Abstract

DNA vaccines promote an immune response by providing antigen-encoding DNA to the recipient, but the efficacy of such vaccines needs improving. Many approaches have considerable potential but currently induce relatively weak immune responses despite multiple high doses of DNA vaccine. Here, we asked whether targeting vaccine antigens to DCs would increase the immunity and protection that result from DNA vaccines. To determine this, we generated a DNA vaccine encoding a fusion protein comprised of the vaccine antigen and a single-chain Fv antibody (scFv) specific for the DC-restricted antigen-uptake receptor DEC205. Following vaccination of mice, the vaccine antigen was expressed selectively by DCs, which were required for the increased efficacy of MHC class I and MHC class II antigen presentation relative to a control scFv DNA vaccine. In addition, a DNA vaccine encoding an HIV gag p41-scFv DEC205 fusion protein induced 10-fold higher antibody levels and increased numbers of IFN-[gamma]--producing [CD4.sup.+] and [CD8.sup.+] T cells. After a single i.m. injection of the DNA vaccine encoding an HIV gag p41-scFv DEC205 fusion protein, mice were protected from an airway challenge with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the HIV gag p41, even with 1% of the dose of nontargeted DNA vaccine. The efficacy of DNA vaccines therefore may be enhanced by inclusion of sequences such as single-chain antibodies to target the antigen to DCs., Introduction DNA vaccination is at the forefront of efforts aimed at developing vaccines against challenging infectious diseases, including HIV AIDS as well as emerging strains of influenza and SARS (reviewed [...]

Published
2008

26. Evaluation of a Collaborative Model for Successful Implementation of a National CD4 Enumeration EQA Program in Cameroon

Author

Bertrand Sagnia, Meyers FA Adrienne, Plews Margot, TAMSIR DIALLO, Kiazyk Sandra, Sosso Samuel Martin, Ambada Georgia, Nji Nadesh, Sandstrom Paul, Ball T Blake, Nchinda Godwin, and Ndjolo Alexis

Abstract

Background: Participation in an EQA program is critical to the quality assurance process. Reliable and precise CD4 T-cells enumeration are essential to improve the clinical management of patients by evaluating the disease progression and by monitoring the effectiveness of ART in HIV-patients.Methods: The CIRCB, CD4 reference laboratory, in collaboration with the Canadian QASI-program, recruited sites, distributed and analyzed CD4-panels in 61 sites across the country. A trend and performance analysis in the pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical phases was performed. Results: Continuous training and corrective actions carried out from 2014 to 2018 increased the number of participating sites from 15 to 61 sites, the number of unacceptable results decreased from 50% to 10%. Specific challenges included errors in pre analytic (17.5%), analytic (77.0%) and post-analytic (5.5%) phases. Conclusion: This EQA requires the application of good laboratory practices, continuous training, application of specific on-site corrective measures, and timely equipment maintenance in order to avoid repetitive errors and to increase laboratory performance. It could be extended to other HIV-1 testing like viral load and EID point-of-care. Partnership with QASI serve as a model for implementation of a successful EQA model for resource limited countries wanting to implement EQA for HIV testing and monitoring in alignment with 90-90-90 targets.

Published
2020
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27. Natural Killer Cells Phenotype in Antiretroviral Naïve HIV-1 Infected People Living in Cameroon

Author

Sake , Carole Stephanie, Tchadji, Jules Colince, Ambada, Georgia, Ngu, Loveline, Lissom, Abel, Tchouangueu, Thibau Flaurant, Djukouo , Larissa, Etoa, François-Xavier, Nchinda, Godwin, Sake , Carole Stephanie, Tchadji, Jules Colince, Ambada, Georgia, Ngu, Loveline, Lissom, Abel, Tchouangueu, Thibau Flaurant, Djukouo , Larissa, Etoa, François-Xavier, and Nchinda, Godwin

Abstract

The impact of antiretroviral naïve HIV-1 infection on the modulation of Natural Killer (NK) cells phenotype has not been fully assessed. This study aimed to define the phenotype of NK cell in the context of antiretroviral naïve HIV-1 infection. A total of 85 ARV naïve HIV-1 infected and 55 healthy individuals were included in the study. Purified NK cells alongside bulk Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) were surface stained with fluorochrome conjugated antibodies and samples were acquired using a BD FACS canto II flow cytometer. A down-regulation of CD56 + /CD16 - and CD56 + /CD16 + NK cells (p= 0.003), and a significant expansion (p= 0.03) of CD56 - /CD16 + NK cells subset was observed in ARV naïve HIV-1 infection. The high expression of both CD38 (p= 0.02) and HLA-DR (p=0.001) in the CD56-/CD16+ NK cells subset, shows the activation status of NK cells from HIV-1 infected people. A reduced expression of activating markers NKp44 and NKp30 and the down regulation of NKG2A was observed  in CD56+/CD16- and CD56+/CD16+ NK cells from HIV-1 infected people (p= 0.006, p= 0.009, respectively).  Antiretroviral naive HIV-1 infected people living in Cameroon show a differential modulation of NK cell phenotype relative to HIV negative controls.

Published
2021

32. Performance Evaluation of the Novel Portable PIMA Point-Of-Care CD4 Analyzer in Comparison with Conventional Flow Cytometer Instruments in Cameroon

Author

Sagnia, Bertrand, primary, Kamgaing, Rachel, additional, Kouanfack, Charles, additional, Kamdem, Georgette, additional, Sosso, Samuel, additional, Temgoua, Edith, additional, Tsomo, Zéphyrin, additional, Zoa, Lucille Mabouli, additional, Tangimpundu, Charlotte, additional, Nchinda, Godwin, additional, and Ndjolo, Alexis, additional

Published
2020
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33. Performance of the BD FACSPresto near to patient Analyzer in comparison with representative conventional CD4 instruments in Cameroon.

Author

Sagnia, Bertrand, primary, Ghomsi, Fabrice MBAKOP, additional, Gutierrez, Ana, additional, SOSSO, Samuel, additional, KAMGAING, Rachel, additional, NANFACK, Aubin Joseph, additional, NJI, Nadesh, additional, AMBADA, GEORGIA, additional, LISSOM, Abel, additional, TCHOUANGUEU, Thibaut Flaurant, additional, Ndengkoh, Loveline Ngu, additional, DOMKAM, Irenée, additional, NCHINDA, Godwin, additional, and NDJOLO, Alexis, additional

Published
2020
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34. Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Genotypes and Haplotypes Contribute to Susceptibility to Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Cameroon

Author

Torimiro, Judith, primary, Yengo, Clauvis Kunkeng, additional, Bimela, Jude Saber, additional, Tiedeu, Atogho Barbara, additional, Lebon, Patrick Awoumou, additional, Sake, Carole Stephanie, additional, Kouanfack, Charles, additional, Nchinda, Godwin, additional, Rowland-Jones, Sarah, additional, and Yindom, Louis-Marie, additional

Published
2020
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35. PS-003: EVIDENCE-INFORMED POLICY MAKING: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Author

Makanga, Michael, Beattie, Pauline, Breugelmans, Gabrielle, Nyirenda, Thomas, Bockarie, Moses, Tanner, Marcel, Volmink, Jimmy, Hankins, Catherine, Walzl, Gerhard, Chegou, Novel, Malherbe, Stephanus, Hatherill, Mark, Scriba, Thomas J., Zak, Daniel E., Barry, Clifton E., Kaufmann, Stefan H.E., Noor, Abdisalan, Strub-Wourgaft, Nathalie, Phillips, Patrick, Munguambe, Khátia, Ravinetto, Raffaella, Tinto, Halidou, Diro, Ermias, Mahendrahata, Yodi, Okebe, Joseph, Rijal, Suman, Garcia, Coralith, Sundar, Shyam, Ndayisaba, Gilles, Sopheak, Thai, Ngoduc, Thang, Loen, Harry Van, Jacobs, Jan, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Boelaert, Marleen, Buvé, Anne, Kamalo, Patrick, Manda-Taylor, Lucinda, Rennie, Stuart, Mokgatla, Boitumelo, Bahati, Prince, Ijsselmuiden, Carel, Afolabi, Muhammed, Mcgrath, Nuala, Kampmann, Beate, Imoukhuede, Egeruan, Alexander, Neal, Larson, Heidi, Chandramohan, Daniel, Bojang, Kalifa, Kasaro, Margaret Phiri, Muluka, Brenda, Kaunda, Kaunda, Morse, Jill, Westfall, Andrew, Kapata, Nathan, Kruuner, Annika, Henostroza, German, Reid, Stewart, Alabi, Abraham, Foguim, Francis, Sankarganesh, Jeyaraj, Bruske, Ellen, Mfoumbi, Arnault, Mevyann, Chester, Adegnika, Ayola, Lell, Bertrand, Kranzer, Katharina, Kremsner, Peter, Grobusch, Martin, Sabiiti, Wilber, Ntinginya, Nyanda, Kuchaka, Davis, Azam, Khalide, Kampira, Elizabeth, Mtafya, Bariki, Bowness, Ruth, Bhatt, Nilesh, Davies, Gerry, Kibiki, Gibson, Gillespie, Stephen, Lejon, Veerle, Ilboudo, Hamidou, Mumba, Dieudonné, Camara, Mamady, Kaba, Dramane, Lumbala, Crispin, Fèvre, Eric, Jamonneau, Vincent, Bucheton, Bruno, Büscher, Philippe, Chisenga, Caroline, Sinkala, Edford, Chilengi, Roma, Chitundu, Hellen, Zyambo, Zude, Wandeler, Gilles, Vinikoor, Michael, Emilie, Dama, Camara, Oumou, Mathurin, Koffi, Guiguigbaza-Kossigan, Dayo, Philippe, Büscher, Regassa, Fikru, Hassane, Sakande, Bienvenu, Somda Martin, Fabrice, Courtin, Ouédraogo, Elie, Kouakou, Lingue, Owusu, Michael, Mensah, Eric, Enimil, Anthony, Mutocheluh, Mohamed, Ndongo, Francis Ateba, Tejiokem, Mathurin Cyrille, Texier, Gaetan, Penda, Calixte, Ndiang, Suzie, Ndongo, Jean-Audrey, Guemkam, Georgette, Sofeu, Casimir Ledoux, Afumbom, Kfutwa, Faye, Albert, Msellati, Philippe, Warszawski, Josiane, Vos, Alinda, Devillé, Walter, Barth, Roos, Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin, Tempelman, Hugo, Venter, François, Coutinho, Roel, Grobbee, Diederick, Ssemwanga, Deogratius, Lyagoba, Frederick, Magambo, Brian, Kapaata, Anne, Kirangwa, Joseph, Nannyonjo, Maria, Nassolo, Faridah, Nsubuga, Rebecca, Yebra, Gonzalo, Brown, Andrew, Kaleebu, Pontiano, Nylén, Hanna, Habtewold, Abiy, Makonnen, Eyasu, Yimer, Getnet, Burhenne, Jürgen, Diczfalusy, Ulf, Aklillu, Eleni, Steele, Duncan, Walker, Richard, Simuyandi, Michelo, Beres, Laura, Bosomprah, Samuel, Ansumana, Rashid, Taitt, C., Lamin, J.M., Jacobsen, K.H., Mulvaney, S.P., Leski, T., Bangura, U., Stenger, D., Vries, Sophie De, Zinsou, Frejus Jeannot, Honkpehedji, J, Dejon, Jean Claude, Loembe, Marguerite Massinga, Bache, Bache, Pakker, Nadine, Leeuwen, Remko Van, Hounkpatin, Aurore Bouyoukou, Yazdanbakhsh, Maria, Bethony, Jeffrey, Hotez, Peter, Diemert, David, Bache, Bache Emmanuel, Fernandes, José F., Mba, Régis M Obiang, Kabwende, Anita L., Grobusch, Martin P., Krishna, Sanjeev, Kremsner, Peter G., Todagbe, Agnandji Selidji, Nambozi, Michael, Kabuya, Jean-Bertin, Hachizovu, Sebastian, Mwakazanga, David, Kasongo, Webster, Buyze, Jozefien, Mulenga, Modest, Geertruyden, Jean-Pierre, Gitaka, Jesse, Chan, Chim, Kongere, James, Kagaya, Wataru, Kaneko, Akira, Kabore, Naomie, Barry, Nouhoun, Kabre, Zachari, Werme, Karidia, Fofana, Aminata, Compaore, Daniel, Nikiema, Frederic, Some, Fabrice, Djimde, Abdoulaye, Zongo, Issaka, Ouedraogo, Bosco, Kone, Aminatou, Sagara, Issaka, Björkman, Anders, Gil, Jose Pedro, Nchinda, Godwin, Bopda, Alain, Nji, Nadesh, Ambada, Georgia, Ngu, Loveline, Tchadji, Jules, Sake, Carol, Magagoum, Suzanne, Njambe, Ghislain D., Lisom, Abel, Park, Chae Gyu, Tait, Dereck, Sibusiso, Hlatjwako, Manda, Olga, Croucher, Kristin, Westhuizen, Anja Van Der, Mshanga, Isaac, Levin, Jonathan, Nanvubya, Annet, Kibengo, Freddie, Jaoko, Walter, Pala, Pietro, Perreau, Matthieu, Namuniina, Annemarie, Kitandwe, Paul, Tapia, Gonzalo, Serwanga, Jennifer, Yates, Nicole, Fast, Pat, Mayer, Bryan, Montefiori, David, Tomaras, Georgia, Robb, Merlin, Lee, Carter, Wagner, Ralf, Sanders, Edward, Kilembe, William, Kiwanuka, Noah, Gilmour, Jill, Kuipers, Hester, Vooij, Dani, Chinyenze, Kundai, Priddy, Frances, Ding, Song, Hanke, Tom, Pantaleo, Giuseppe, Ngasala, Billy, Jovel, Irina, Malmberg, Maja, Mmbando, Bruno, Premji, Zul, Mårtensson, Andreas, Mwaiswelo, Richard, Agbor, Lenshina, Apinjoh, Tobias, Mwanza, Sydney, Chileshe, Justin, Joshi, Sudhaunshu, Malunga, Phidelis, Manyando, Christine, Laufer, Miriam, Dara, Antoine, Niangaly, Amadou, Sinha, Indranil, Brodin, David, Fofana, Bakary, Dama, Souleymane, Dembele, Demba, Sidibe, Bakary, Diallo, Nouhoum, Thera, Mahamadou, Wright, Karin, Gil, Jose, Doumbo, Ogobara, Baraka, Vito, Nabasumba, Carolyn, Francis, Filbert, Lutumba, Pascal, Mavoko, Hypolite, Alifrangis, Michael, Geertruyden, Jean-Pierre Van, Sissoko, Sekou, Sangaré, Cheick, Toure, Sekou, Sanogo, Kassim, Diakite, Hamadoun, Toure, Siaka, Doumbia, Diagassan, Haidara, Kadiatou, Julé, Amélie, Ashurst, Hazel, Merson, Laura, Olliaro, Piero, Marsh, Vicki, Lang, Trudie, Guérin, Philippe, Awuondo, Kennedy, Njenga, Daniel, Nyakarungu, Elizabeth, Titus, Pauline, Sutamihardja, Awalludin, Lowe, Brett, Ogutu, Bernhards, Billingsley, Peter, Soulama, Issiaka, Kaboré, Moïse, Coulibaly, Aboubacar, Ouattara, Maurice, Sanon, Souleymane, Diarra, Amidou, Bougouma, Edith, Ouedraogo, Alphonse, Sombie, Benjamin, Ouedraogo, Amidou, Kargougou, Désiré, Ouattara, Daouda, Issa, Nebie, Tiono, Alfred, Sirima, Sodiomon, Chaponda, Mike, Dabira, Edgard, Dao, François, Dara, Nianwalou, Sidibe, Bouran, Coulibaly, Moctar, Tolo, Allaye, Maiga, Hamma, Ouologuem, Nouhoum, Niangaly, Hamidou, Botchway, Felix, Wilson, Nana, Dickinson-Copeland, Carmen M, Adjei, Andrew A., Wilson, Michael, Stiles, Jonathan K., Hamid, Muzamil Abdel, Awad-Elgeid, Mona, Nasr, Awad, Netongo, Palmer, Kamdem, Séverin, Velavan, Thirumalaisamy, Lasry, Estrella, Diarra, Modibo, Bamadio, Amadou, Traore, Aliou, Coumare, Samba, Soma, Bahonan, Dicko, Yeyia, Sangare, Boubou, Tembely, Aly, Traore, Djibril, Haidara, Aboubecrin, Dicko, Alassane, Diawara, Elisabeth, Beavogui, Abdoul, Camara, Daouda, Sylla, Malick, Yattara, Mohamed, Sow, Amadou, Camara, Gnèpou Camara, Diallo, Saliou, Mombo-Ngoma, Ghyslain, Remppis, Jonathan, Sievers, Moritz, Manego, Rella Zoleko, Endamne, Lilian, Hutchinson, David, Held, Jana, Supan, Christian, Salazar, Carmen L. Ospina, Bonkian, Léa Nadège, Nahum, Alain, Sié, Ali, Abdulla, Salim, Cantalloube, Cathy, Djeriou, Elhadj, Bouyou-Akotet, Marielle, Mordmüller, Benjamin, Siribie, Mohamadou, Sirima, Sodiomon B., Ouattara, San Maurice, Coulibaly, Sam, Kabore, Jean Moïse, Amidou, Diarra, Tekete, Mamadou, Burhenne, Juergen, Traore, Oumar, Haefeli, Walter, Borrmann, Steffen, Kaboré, Naomie, Kabré, Zachari, Nikèma, Fréderic, Compaoré, Daniel, Somé, Fabrice, Djimdé, Abdoulaye, Ouédraogo, Jean, Chalwe, Victor, Miller, John, Diakité, Hamadoun, Greco, Beatrice, Spangenberg, Thomas, Kourany-Lefoll, Elly, Oeuvray, Claude, Mulry, Jim, Tyagarajan, Kamala, Magsaam, Bettina, Barnes, Karen, Hodel, Eva Maria, Humphreys, Georgina, Pace, Cheryl, Banda, C.G, Denti, Paulo, Allen, Elizabeth, Lalloo, David, Mwapasa, Victor, Terlouw, Anja, Mwesigwa, Julia, Achan, Jane, Jawara, Musa, Ditanna, Gian, Worwui, Archibald, Affara, Muna, Koukouikila-Koussounda, Félix, Kombo, Michael, Vouvoungui, Christevy, Ntoumi, Francine, Etoka-Beka, Mandingha Kosso, Deibert, Julia, Poulain, Pierre, Kobawila, Simon, Gueye, Nerly Gampio, Koukouikila-Koussounda, Felix, Seda, Brian, Kwambai, Titus, Jangu, Phelix, Samuels, Aaron, ter Kuile, Feike, Kariuki, Simon, Barry, Aissata, Bousema, Teun, Okech, Brenda, Egwang, Thomas, Corran, Patrick, Riley, Eleanor, Ezennia, Ifeoma, Ekwunife, Obinna, Muleba, Mbanga, Stevenson, Jennifer, Mbata, Keith, Coetzee, Maureen, Norris, Douglas, Moneke-Anyanwoke, Ngozi, Momodou, Jasseh, Clarke, Ed, Scott, Susana, Tijani, Adelani, Djimde, Moussa, Vaillant, Michel, Samouda, Hanen, Mensah, Victorine, Roetynck, Sophie, Kanteh, Ebrima, Bowyer, Georgina, Ndaw, Amy, Oko, Francis, Bliss, Carly, Jagne, Ya Jankey, Cortese, Riccardo, Nicosia, Alfredo, Roberts, Rachel, D'Alessio, Flavia, Leroy, Odile, Faye, Babacar, Cisse, Badara, Gerry, Stephen, Viebig, Nicola, Lawrie, Alison, Ewer, Katie, Hill, Adrian, Nebie, Issa, Tiono, Alfred B, Sanou, Guillaume, Konate, Amadou T, Yaro, Baptiste J, Sodiomon, Sirima, Honkpehedji, Yabo, Agobe, Jean Claude Dejon, Zinsou, Frejus, Mengue, Juliana, Richie, Thomas, Hoffman, Stephen, Nouatin, Odilon, Ngoa, Ulysse Ateba, Edoa, Jean R, Homoet, Andreas, Engelhon, Julie Englhon, Massinga-Louembe, Marguerite, Esen, Meral, Theisen, Michael, Sim, Kim Lee, Luty, Adrian Jf, Moutairou, Kabirou, Dinko, Bismarck, King, Elizabeth, Targett, Geoffrey, Sutherland, Colin, Likhovole, Clement, Ouma, Collins, Vulule, John, Musau, Susan, Khayumbi, Jeremiah, Okumu, Albert, Murithi, Wilfred, Otu, Jacob, Gehre, Florian, Zingue, Dezemon, Kudzawu, Samuel, Forson, Audrey, Mane, Morto, Rabna, Paulo, Diarra, Bassirou, Kayede, Salako, Adebiyi, Emmanuel, Kehinde, Aderemi, Onyejepu, Nneka, Onubogu, Catherine, Idigbe, Emmanuel, Ba, Awa, Diallo, Aissatou, Mboup, Souleymane, Disse, Kodjo, Kadanga, Gerard, Dagnra, Yaotse, Baldeh, Ignatius, Corrah, Tumani, Jong, Bouke De, Antonio, Martin, Musanabaganwa, Clarisse, Musabyimana, Jean Pierre, Karita, Etienne, Diop, Blondin, Nambajimana, Abidan, Dushimiyimana, Valentine, Karame, Prosper, Russell, Jim, Ndoli, Jules, Hategekimana, Theobald, Sendegeya, Augustin, Condo, Jeannine, Binagwaho, Agnes, Okonko, Iheanyi, Okerentugba, Phillip, Opaleye, Oluyinka, Awujo, Ezinwanne, Frank-Peterside, Nnenna, Moyo, Sikhulile, Kotokwe, Kenanao, Mohammed, Terence, Boleo, Coretah, Mupfumi, Lucy, Chishala, Samuel, Gaseitsiwe, Simani, Tsalaile, Lesedi, Bussmann, Herman, Makhema, Joseph, Baum, Marianna, Marlink, Richard, Engelbretch, Susan, Essex, Max, Novitsky, Vladimir, Saka, Emmanuel, Kalipalire, Zex, Bhairavabhotla, Ravikiran, Midiani, Dalitso, Sherman, Judith, Mgode, Georgies, Cox, Christophe, Bwana, Dickens, Mtui, Leah, Magesa, Daniel, Kahwa, Amos, Mfinanga, Godfrey, Mulder, Christiaan, Borain, Nick, Petersen, Lizette, Plessis, Julianne Du, Theron, Grant, Holm-Hansen, Carol, Tekwu, Emmanuel Mouafo, Sidze, Larissa Kamgue, Assam, Jean Paul Assam, Eyangoh, Sarah, Niemann, Stefan, Beng, Veronique Penlap, Frank, Matthias, Atiadeve, Samuel, Hilmann, Doris, Awoniyi, Dolapo, Baumann, Ralf, Kriel, Belinda, Jacobs, Ruschca, Kidd, Martin, Loxton, Andre, Kaempfer, Susanne, Singh, Mahavir, Mwanza, Winnie, Milimo, Deborah, Moyo, Maureen, Kasese, Nkatya, Cheeba-Lengwe, Maina, Munkondya, Stembiso, Ayles, Helen, Haas, Petra De, Muyoyeta, Monde, Namuganga, Anna Ritah, Kizza, Harriet Mayanja, Mendy, Alieu, Tientcheu, Leopold, Ayorinde, Abigail, Coker, Edward, Egere, Uzochukwu, Coussens, Anna, Naude, Celeste, Chaplin, George, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Martineau, Adrian, Jablonski, Nina, Wilkinson, Robert, Ouedraogo, Henri Gautier, Matteelli, Alberto, Regazzi, Mario, Tarnagda, Grissoum, Villani, Paola, Sulis, Giorgia, Diagbouga, Serge, Roggi, Alberto, Giorgetti, Francesco, Kouanda, Seni, Bidias, Amel, Ndjonka, Dieudonné, Olemba, Clémence, Souleymanou, Arabo, Mukonzo, Jackson, Kuteesa, Ronald, Ogwal-Okeng, Jasper, Gustafsson, Lars L., Owen, Joel, Bassi, Peter, Gashau, Wadzani, Olaf, Klungel, Dodoo, Alexander, Okonkwo, Prosper, Kanki, Phyllis, Maruapula, Dorcas, Seraise, Boitumelo, Einkauf, Kevin, Reilly, Amanda, Rowley, Christopher, Musonda, Rosemary, Framhein, Anna, Mpagama, Stella, Semvua, Hadija, Maboko, Leonard, Hoelscher, Michael, Heinrich, Norbert, Mulenga, Lloyd, Kaayunga, Callistus, Davies, Mary-Ann, Egger, Matthias, Musukuma, Kalo, Dambe, Rosalia, Usadi, Benjamin, Ngari, Moses, Thitiri, Johnstone, Mwalekwa, Laura, Fegan, Greg, Berkley, James, Nsagha, Dickson, Munamunungu, Virginia, Bolton, Carolyn, Siyunda, Alice, Shilimi, Jacinta, Bucciardini, Raffaella, Fragola, Vincenzo, Abegaz, Teshome, Lucattini, Stefano, Halifom, Atakilt, Tadesse, Eskedar, Berhe, Micheal, Pugliese, Katherina, Castro, Paola De, Terlizzi, Roberta, Fucili, Luca, Gregorio, Massimiliano Di, Mirra, Marco, Zegeye, Teame, Binelli, Andrea, Vella, Stefano, Abraham, Loko, Godefay, Hagos, Rakotoarivelo, Rivo, Raberahona, Mihaja, Randriamampionona, Njary, Andriamihaja, Rabezanahary, Rasamoelina, Tahinamandranto, Cornet, Muriel, Randria, Mamy Jean De Dieu, Benet, Thomas, Vanhems, Philippe, Andrianarivelo, Mala Rakoto, Chirwa, Uchizi, Michelo, Charles, Hamoonga, Raymond, Wandiga, Steve, Oduor, Patience, Agaya, Janet, Sharma, Aditya, Cavanaugh, Sean, Cain, Kevin, Mukisa, John, Mupere, Ezekiel, Worodria, William, Ngom, Justice Trésor, Koro, Francioli, Godwe, Celestin, Adande, Clemence, Ateugieu, Romaric, Onana, Tatiana, Ngono, Annie, Kamdem, Yannick, Ngo-Niobe, Sara, Etoa, François-Xavier, Kanengoni, Muchineripi, Ruzario, Sithembile, Ndebele, Paul, Shana, Melody, Tarumbiswa, Fadzai, Musesengwa, Rosemary, Gutsire, Rutendo, Fisher, Kevin, Thyagarajan, Bargavi, Akanbi, Olusola, Binuyo, Michael, Ssengooba, Willy, Respeito, Durval, Mambuque, Edson, Blanco, Silvia, Mandomando, Inacio, Cobelens, Frank, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto, Tamene, Ayele, Topp, Stephanie, Mwamba, Chanda, Padian, Nancy, Sikazwe, Izukanji, Geng, Elvin, Holmes, Charles, Sikombe, Kombatende, Hantuba, Cardinal, Czaicki, Nancy, Simbeza, Sandra, Somwe, Paul, Umulisa, Michele, Ilo, Jennifer, Kestelyn, Evelyne, Uwineza, Mireille, Agaba, Stephen, Delvaux, Therese, Wijgert, Janneke, Gethi, Dickson, Odeny, Lazarus, Tamandjou, Cynthia, Kaindjee-Tjituka, Francina, Brandt, Laura, Cotton, Mark, Nel, Etienne, Preiser, Wolfgang, Andersson, Monique, Adepoju, Abiola, Magana, Musa, Etsetowaghan, Andrew, Chilikwazi, Mutinta, Sutcliffe, Catherine, Thuma, Philip, Sinywimaanzi, Kathy, Matakala, Hellen, Munachoonga, Passwell, Moss, William, Masenza, Issa Sabi, Geisenberger, Otto, Agrea, Peter, Rwegoshora, France, Mahiga, Hellen, Olomi, Willyhelmina, Kroidl, Arne, Kayode, Gbenga, Amoakoh-Coleman, Mary, Ansah, Evelyn, Uthman, Olalekan, Fokam, Joseph, Santoro, Maria-Mercedes, Musolo, Chrissie, Chimbiri, Isabel, Chikwenga, Gloria, Deula, Ruth, Massari, Riccardo, Lungu, Agness, Perno, Carlo-Federico, Ndzengue, Georgia, Loveline, Ngu, Lissom, Abel, Flaurent, Tchouangueu, Sosso, Samuel, Essomba, Claudine, Kpeli, Grace, Otchere, Isaac, Lamelas, Araceli, Buultjens, Andrew, Bulach, Dieter, Baines, Sarah, Seemann, Torsten, Giulieri, Stefano, Nakobu, Zuliehatu, Aboagye, Samuel, Owusu-Mireku, Evelyn, Danso, Emelia, Hauser, Julia, Hinic, Vladimira, Pluschke, Gerd, Stinear, Timothy, Yeboah-Manu, Dorothy, Elshayeb, Ayman, Siddig, Marmar El, Ahmed, Abdel Azim, Hussien, Adil El, Kabwe, Mwila, Tembo, John, Chilukutu, Lophina, Chilufya, Moses, Ngulube, Francis, Lukwesa, Chileshe, Enne, Virve, Wexner, Hannah, Mwananyanda, Lawrence, Hamer, Davidson, Sinyangwe, Sylvester, Ahmed, Yusuf, Klein, Nigel, Maeurer, Markus, Zumla, Ali, Bates, Matthew, Beyala, Landry, Etienne, Guenou, Anthony, Njimbia, Benjamin, Azike, Ateudjieu, Jerome, Chibwe, Bertha, Ojok, David, Tarr, Christine Attia, Perez, Guillermo Martinez, Omeonga, Senga, Kibungu, Fanta, Meyer, Ana, Lansana, Peter, Mayor, Alfredo, Onyango, Peter, Loggerenberg, François Van, Furtado, Tamzin, Boggs, Liam, Segrt, Alexis, Dochez, Carine, Burnett, Rosemary, Mphahlele, M. Jeffrey, Miiro, George, Mbidde, Edward, Peshu, Norbert, Kivaya, Esther, Ngowi, Bernard, Kavishe, Reginald, Maowia, Mukhtar, Sandstrom, Eric, Ayuo, Elizabeth, Mmbaga, Blandina, Leisegang, Cordelia, Thorpe, Marie, Batchilly, Elizabeth, N'Guessan, Jean-Pierre, Kanteh, Dembo, Søfteland, Solrun, Sebitloane, Motshedisi, Vwalika, Bellington, Taylor, Myra, Galappaththi-Arachchige, Hashini, Holmen, Sigve, Gundersen, Svein Gunnar, Ndhlovu, Patricia, Kjetland, Eyrun Floerecke, Kombe, Francis, Toohey, Jacintha, Pienaar, Elizabeth, Kredo, Tamara, Cham, Pa Modou, Abubakar, Ismaela, Dondeh, Bai Lamin, Vischer, Nerina, Pfeiffer, Constanze, Burri, Christian, Musukwa, Kalo, Zürcher, Samuel, Mwandu, Temwani, Bauer, Sophie, Adriko, Moses, Mwaura, Peter, Omolloh, Kevin, Jones, Clarer, Malecela, Mwelecele, Hamidu, Buhari Adamu, Jenner, Tettevi Edward, Asiedu, Larbi John, Osei-Atweneboana, Mike, Afeke, Innocent, Addo, Phyllis, Newman, Mercy, Durnez, Lies, Eddyani, Miriam, Ammisah, Nana, Abas, Mona, Quartey, Maxwell, Ablordey, Anthony, Akinwale, Olaoluwa, Adeneye, Adeniyi, Ezeugwu, Sylvanus, Olukosi, Yetunde, Adewale, Babatunde, Sulyman, Medinat, Mafe, Margaret, Okwuzu, Jane, Gyang, Pam, Nwafor, Timothy, Henry, Uzoma, Musa, Bilkisu, Ujah, Innocent, Agobé, Jean Claude Dejon, Grau-Pujol, Berta, Sacoor, Charfudin, Nhabomba, Augusto, Casellas, Aina, Quintó, Llorenç, Subirà, Carme, Giné, Ricard, Valentín, Antònia, Muñoz, Jose, Nikiema, Marguerite, Ky-Ba, Absatou, Comapore, Kiswendsida Abdou Muller, Traore, Alfred, Sangare, Lassana, Oluremi, Adeolu, Michel, Mandro, Camara, Yaya, Sanneh, Bakary, Cuamba, Inocencia, Gutiérrez, Jose, Lázaro, Carlota, Mejia, Rojelio, Adedeji, Abimbola, Folorunsho, Sola, Demehin, Pelumi, Akinsanya, Bamidele, Cowley, Giovanna, Silva, Eunice Teixeira Da, Nabicassa, Meno, Barros, Pedrozinho Duarte Pereira De, Blif, Milena Mbote, Bailey, Robin, Last, Anna, Mahendradhata, Yodi, Gotuzzo, Eduardo, Nys, Kateljine De, Casteels, Minnes, Nona, Sylvie Kwedi, Lumeka, Kabwende, Todagbe, Agnandji, Djima, Mariam Mama, Ukpong, Morenike, Sagay, Atiene, Khamofu, Hadiza, Torpey, Kwasi, Afiadigwe, Evaristus, Anenih, James, Ezechi, Oliver, Nweneka, Chidi, Idoko, John, Muhumuza, Simon, Katahoire, Anne, Nuwaha, Fred, Olsen, Annette, Okeyo, Seth, Omollo, Raymond, Kimutai, Robert, Ochieng, Michael, Egondi, Thaddaeus, Moonga, Clement, Chileshe, Chisele, Magwende, George, Anumudu, Chiaka, Onile, Olugbenga, Oladele, Victoria, Adebayo, Adewale, Awobode, Henrietta, Oyeyemi, Oyetunde, Odaibo, Alexander, Kabuye, Emily, Lutalo, Tom, Njua-Yafi, Clarisse, Nkuo-Akenji, Theresa, Anchang-Kimbi, Judith, Mugri, Regina, Chi, Hanesh, Tata, Rolland, Njumkeng, Charles, Dodoo, Daniel, Achidi, Eric, Fernandes, José, Bache, Emmanuel B., Matakala, Kalumbu, Searle, Kelly, Greenman, Michelle, and Rainwater-Lovett, Kaitlin

Subjects
Abstracts of Poster Presentations, Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Author Index, Abstracts of Presentations in Plenary Sessions, Article, Abstracts of the Eighth Edctp Forum, 6–9 November 2016
Published
2017

36. Additional file 1 of Performance of the BD FACSPresto near to patient analyzer in comparison with representative conventional CD4 instruments in Cameroon

Author

Sagnia, Bertrand, Ghomsi, Fabrice Mbakop, Gutierrez, Ana, Sosso, Samuel, Kamgaing, Rachel, Nanfack, Aubin Joseph, Nadesh Nji, Ambada, Georgia, Lissom, Abel, Tchouangueu, Thibaut Flaurant, Loveline Ngu Ndengkoh, Irenée Domkam, Nchinda, Godwin, and Ndjolo, Alexis

Abstract

Additional file 1. Summary of various CD4+ T cells enumeration techniques.

Published
2020
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38. Dengue virus serological markers among potential blood donors: an evidence of asymptomatic dengue virus transmission in Cameroon

Author

Tchuandom, Salomon Bonsi, primary, Lissom, Abel, additional, Mimfoumou Ateba, Ghislaine Haverie, additional, Tchouangueu, Thibau Flaurant, additional, Tchakounte, Constantin, additional, Ayuk, Agbor Rolland, additional, Atabonkeng, Etienne Philemon, additional, Ngong, Ankiambom Innocent, additional, Nchinda, Godwin, additional, and Kuiate, Jules-Roger, additional

Published
2020
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39. PO 8590 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF IGG RESPONSES TO RECOMBINANT Qβ PHAGE DISPLAYED MSP3 AND UBO5 IN DUAL HIV/MALARIA-CO-INFECTED ADULTS

Author

Nchinda, Godwin, primary, Lissom, Abel, additional, Ouambo, Herve, additional, Okeke, Malachy I, additional, Tchouangueu, Thibeau F, additional, Tchouangueu, Loveline N, additional, Okoli, Arinze S, additional, Achidi, Eric, additional, Mbacham, Wilfred, additional, Kaptue, Lazare, additional, Esimone, Charles O, additional, Leke, Rose F, additional, and Waffo, Alain B, additional

Published
2019
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40. Efficacy and safety of Syferol-IHP for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease: a pilot, double-blind randomized trial

Author

Eleje,George Uchenna, Ogbunugafor,Henrietta Aritetsoma, Emegoakor,Chiemelu Dickson, Okoye,Ebere Innocent, Ezejiofor,Ogochukwu Ifeanyi, Chukwurah,Shirley Nneka, Ikechebelu,Joseph Ifeanyichukwu, Nchinda,Godwin W., Ugochukwu,Chidozie Godwin, Nnaji-Ihedinmah,Lucy Ijeoma, Okoye,Festus Basden C., Eneh,Frank Uchenna, Onwukamuche,Michael Emeka, Esimone,Charles Okechukwu, Eleje,George Uchenna, Ogbunugafor,Henrietta Aritetsoma, Emegoakor,Chiemelu Dickson, Okoye,Ebere Innocent, Ezejiofor,Ogochukwu Ifeanyi, Chukwurah,Shirley Nneka, Ikechebelu,Joseph Ifeanyichukwu, Nchinda,Godwin W., Ugochukwu,Chidozie Godwin, Nnaji-Ihedinmah,Lucy Ijeoma, Okoye,Festus Basden C., Eneh,Frank Uchenna, Onwukamuche,Michael Emeka, and Esimone,Charles Okechukwu

Abstract

George Uchenna Eleje,1,2 Henrietta Aritetsoma Ogbunugafor,1,3 Chiemelu Dickson Emegoakor,1,4 Ebere Innocent Okoye,1,5 Ogochukwu Ifeanyi Ezejiofor,6 Shirley Nneka Chukwurah,7 Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu,1,2 Godwin W Nchinda,8 Chidozie Godwin Ugochukwu,3 Lucy Ijeoma Nnaji-Ihedinmah,9 Festus Basden C Okoye,1,10 Frank Uchenna Eneh,3 Michael Emeka Onwukamuche,11 Charles Okechukwu Esimone1,12 1Biomedicine Research Group, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; 2Effective Care Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; 3Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; 4Department of General Surgery, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; 5Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; 6Department of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; 7Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria; 8Laboratory of Vaccinology/Biobanking, CIRCB BP 3077, Messa Yaounde, Cameroon; 9Department of Chemical Pathology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria; 10Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; 11Department of Histopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria; 12Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria Background: To our knowledge, there is no prior randomized study on the utility of Syferol-IHP (blend of virgin coconut oil and Ocimum sanctum oil) when coadministered with a triple therapy schedule.Aim: This study determined the efficacy and safety of Syferol-IHP as adjunct to conventional triple therapy for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD).Methods: A pilot double-blind randomized trial was conducted in patients with confirmed diagnosis (endoscopy-guided biopsy) of PUD. Eligible patients were

Published
2019

41. Efficacy and safety of Syferol-IHP for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease: a pilot, double-blind randomized trial

Author

Eleje, George Uchenna, primary, Ogbunugafor, Henrietta Aritetsoma, additional, Emegoakor, Chiemelu Dickson, additional, Okoye, Ebere Innocent, additional, Ezejiofor, Ogochukwu Ifeanyi, additional, Chukwurah, Shirley Nneka, additional, Ikechebelu, Joseph Ifeanyichukwu, additional, Nchinda, Godwin W., additional, Ugochukwu, Chidozie Godwin, additional, Nnaji-Ihedinmah, Lucy Ijeoma, additional, Okoye, Festus Basden C., additional, Eneh, Frank Uchenna, additional, Onwukamuche, Michael Emeka, additional, and Esimone, Charles Okechukwu, additional

Published
2019
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42. Comparative analysis of IgG Responses to recombinant Qβ phage displayed MSP3 and UB05 in Dual HIV-malaria infected adults living in areas differing in Malaria transmission intensities

Author

Lissom, Abel, primary, Ouambo, Herve F., additional, Megnekou, Rosette, additional, Okeke, Malachy I., additional, Ngu, Loveline N., additional, Netongo, Palmer M., additional, Ngoh, Apeh A., additional, Sanders, Carrie A., additional, Bawage, Swapnil, additional, Tchouangueu, Thibau F., additional, Tchadji, Colince J., additional, Okoli, Arinze S., additional, Priso, Ghislain D. Njambe, additional, Garcia, Rosario, additional, Gutiérrez, Anna, additional, Chukwuma, George O., additional, Esimone, Charles O., additional, Achidi, Eric A., additional, Mbacham, Wilfred F., additional, Kaptue, Lazare, additional, Leke, Rose FG, additional, Park, Chae Gyu, additional, Waffo, Alain Bopda, additional, and Nchinda, Godwin W., additional

Published
2018
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43. Surface Engineering of the RNA Coliphage Q? to Display Plasmodium Falciparum Derived Asexual Blood Stage Antigens UB05 and Merozoite Surface Protein 3

Author

Waffo, Alain Bopda, primary, Lissom, Abel, additional, Ouambo, Herve F, additional, Ngu, Loveline N, additional, Ngoh, Apeh A, additional, Sanders, Carrie A, additional, Bawage, Swapnil, additional, Tchadji, Colince J, additional, Assob, Jules N C, additional, Okoli, Arinze S, additional, Takoua, Doline, additional, Ambada, Georgia, additional, Njambe Priso, Ghislain D, additional, Garcia, Rosario, additional, Gutierrez, Anna, additional, Ndjonka, Dieudonne, additional, Chukwuma, George O, additional, Okeke, Malachy I, additional, Megnekou, Rosette, additional, Esimone, Charles O, additional, Achidi, Eric A, additional, Mbacham, Wilfred N, additional, Kaptue, Lazare, additional, Park, Chae Gyu, additional, and Nchinda, Godwin W, additional

Published
2018
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45. Translating Predictions of Zoonotic Viruses for Policymakers

Author

Judson, Seth D., primary, LeBreton, Matthew, additional, Fuller, Trevon, additional, Hoffman, Risa M., additional, Njabo, Kevin, additional, Brewer, Timothy F., additional, Dibongue, Elsa, additional, Diffo, Joseph, additional, Kameni, Jean-Marc Feussom, additional, Loul, Severin, additional, Nchinda, Godwin W., additional, Njouom, Richard, additional, Nwobegahay, Julius, additional, Takuo, Jean Michel, additional, Torimiro, Judith N., additional, Wade, Abel, additional, and Smith, Thomas B., additional

Published
2017
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46. Dendritic cell targeted HIV‐1 gag protein vaccine provides help to a recombinant Newcastle disease virus vectored vaccine including mobilization of protective CD8 + T cells

Author

Ngu, Loveline N., primary, Nji, Nadesh N., additional, Ambada, Georgia, additional, Ngoh, Apeh A., additional, Njambe Priso, Ghislain D., additional, Tchadji, Jules C., additional, Lissom, Abel, additional, Magagoum, Suzanne H., additional, Sake, Carol N., additional, Tchouangueu, Thibau F., additional, Chukwuma, George O., additional, Okoli, Arinze S., additional, Sagnia, Bertrand, additional, Chukwuanukwu, Rebecca, additional, Tebit, Denis M., additional, Esimone, Charles O., additional, Waffo, Alain B., additional, Park, Chae G., additional, Überla, Klaus, additional, and Nchinda, Godwin W., additional

Published
2017
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47. Global Assessment of Dengue Virus-Specific CD4+ T Cell Responses in Dengue-Endemic Areas

Author

Grifoni, Alba, primary, Angelo, Michael A., additional, Lopez, Benjamin, additional, O’Rourke, Patrick H., additional, Sidney, John, additional, Cerpas, Cristhiam, additional, Balmaseda, Angel, additional, Silveira, Cassia G. T., additional, Maestri, Alvino, additional, Costa, Priscilla R., additional, Durbin, Anna P., additional, Diehl, Sean A., additional, Phillips, Elizabeth, additional, Mallal, Simon, additional, De Silva, Aruna D., additional, Nchinda, Godwin, additional, Nkenfou, Celine, additional, Collins, Matthew H., additional, de Silva, Aravinda M., additional, Lim, Mei Qiu, additional, Macary, Paul A., additional, Tatullo, Filippo, additional, Solomon, Tom, additional, Satchidanandam, Vijaya, additional, Desai, Anita, additional, Ravi, Vasanthapram, additional, Coloma, Josefina, additional, Turtle, Lance, additional, Rivino, Laura, additional, Kallas, Esper G., additional, Peters, Bjoern, additional, Harris, Eva, additional, Sette, Alessandro, additional, and Weiskopf, Daniela, additional

Published
2017
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49. The Effect of Antiretroviral Naïve HIV-1 Infection on the Ability of Natural Killer Cells to Produce IFN-γ upon Exposure to Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes

Author

Sake, Carole Stéphanie, primary, Ngu, Loveline, additional, Ambada, Georgia, additional, Chedjou, Jean Paul, additional, Nji, Nadesh, additional, Tchadji, Jules Colince, additional, Lissom, Abel, additional, Tchouangueu, Thibau Flaurant, additional, Djukouo, Larissa, additional, Njambe, Ghislain, additional, Garcia, Rosario, additional, Gutierrez, Anna, additional, Bopda Waffo, Alain, additional, Park, Chae Gyu, additional, Mbacham, Wilfried, additional, Etoa, François-Xavier, additional, and Nchinda, Godwin W., additional

Published
2017
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50. In vivo targeting of protein antigens to dendritic cells using anti‐DEC‐205 single chain antibody improves HIV Gag specific CD4 + T cell responses protecting from airway challenge with recombinant vaccinia‐gag virus

Author

Ngu, Loveline N., primary, Nji, Nadesh N., additional, Ambada, Georgia E., additional, Sagnia, Bertrand, additional, Sake, Carol Ngane, additional, Tchadji, Jules Colinc, additional, Njambe Priso, Ghislain Donald, additional, Lissom, Abel, additional, Tchouangueu, Thibau Flaurant, additional, Manga Tebit, Denis, additional, Waffo, Alain Bopda, additional, Park, Chae Gyu, additional, Steinman, Ralph M., additional, Überla, Klaus, additional, and Nchinda, Godwin W., additional

Published
2017
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