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A 59-year-old male patient with chronic headache was admitted to the emergency department due to cryptococcal meningitis. His past medical history was marked by liver transplant 18 months prior to admission. Induction therapy with amphotericin B deoxycholate was initiated and the patient developed cyanotic Raynaud's phenomenon related to the infusion. The antifungal treatment was switched to liposomal amphotericin B, with complete resolution of the phenomenon.

A 54 year-old man with lymphopenia secondary to lymphatic filariasis was admitted with dry cough, fever and wasting syndrome. He was diagnosed with sarcoidosis and therapy with corticosteroid was initiated. The patient evolved with worsening of the symptoms. Histoplasma species was recovered in lung biopsy tissue, lung tissue culture, and bone marrow aspirate. The authors describe the first case of disseminated histoplasmosis secondary to lymphatic filariasis, followed by a literature review. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A 37-year-old immunocompetent man was admitted to the emergency department due to recurrent pain and oedema of his right knee. Two months earlier, he had undergone surgery to repair his meniscus. Arthroscopic joint lavage was performed and Candida dubliniensis was recovered in culture. The authors describe the first case of septic arthritis caused by Candida dubliniensis.

Introdução: Infecções oportunistas são importantes causas de mortalidade entre pessoas vivendo com HIV (PVHIV). Ensaios de diagnóstico rápido (EDRs) adiantam o tratamento dessas infecções, podendo permitir a redução da mortalidade. Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar a prevalência de histoplasmose, criptococose e tuberculose (TB) usando EDRs em PVHIV com doença avançada pelo HIV e calcular a mortalidade em 30 dias em 5 hospitais referência em HIV no Brasil. Metodologia: Pacientes com diagnóstico de HIV, ou com AIDS, ou CD4