133 results on '"Nayak BK"'
Search Results
2. Authorship in journal articles: A concern
- Author
-
Nayak, BK, primary
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
3. GJCSRO – Going truly global!
- Author
-
Nayak, BK, primary
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. PI3K regulation of the SKP-2/p27 axis through mTORC2
- Author
-
Shanmugasundaram, K, Block, K, Nayak, BK, Livi, CB, Venkatachalam, MA, and Sudarshan, S
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Evaluation of different fungitoxicants against seed discolouration of paddy in vitro
- Author
-
Pratap, DB, primary, Khamari, B, additional, Nayak, BK, additional, and Das, TR, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Trabeculectomy: An Evidence-based Update
- Author
-
Moreker, Sunil, primary, Sahu, Amulya, additional, and Nayak, BK, additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Corneal topography and tomography
- Author
-
Nayak, BK, primary and Dharwadkar, Sachin, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Systematic study of L
- Author
-
Itoh, A, Sakaguchi, H, Uchida, M, Ishikawa, T, Kawabata, T, Murakami, T, Takeda, H, Taki, T, Terashima, S, Tsukahara, N, Yasuda, Y, Yosoi, A, Garg, U, Hedden, M, Kharraja, B, Koss, M, Nayak, BK, Zhu, S., Fujimura, H, Fujiwara, M, Hara, K, Yoshida, HP, Akimune, H, Harakeh, MN, and Volkerts, A more...
- Subjects
INELASTIC ALPHA-SCATTERING ,ENERGY OCTUPOLE RESONANCE ,MONOPOLE RESONANCE ,DEFORMATION ,SN-116 ,Nuclear Theory ,EXCITATION ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,DIPOLE RESONANCE ,PB-208 ,DEFORMED-NUCLEI ,COLLECTIVE STATES - Abstract
Background-free inelastic scattering spectra have been obtained for five Sm isotopes with 386-MeV a particles at forward angles (including 0degrees) to investigate the effect of deformation on the compressional-mode giant resonances. The strength distributions for the Lless than or equal to3 isoscalar giant resonances have been extracted via a multipole decomposition analysis using angular distributions calculated in the framework of the density-dependent single-folding model. We observed a splitting of the giant monopole resonance because of its mixing with the giant quadrupole resonance. For the isoscalar giant dipole resonance, the observed effects of deformation are different for the low- and high-excitation-energy components. Evidence has been obtained for the theoretically predicted mixing between the isoscalar giant dipole resonance and the high energy octupole resonance. more...
- Published
- 2003
9. Observation of double giant dipole resonance in fusion-evaporation reactions
- Author
-
Viesti, Giuseppe, Rizzi, V, Cinausero, N, Gelli, N, Gadea, A, Bazzacco, D, ALGORA PINEDA, A, Appelbee, D, DE ANGELIS, G, Belcari, N, DE POLI, M, Drake, Te, Fabris, D, Farnea, E, Fioretto, E, GALINDO URIBARRI, A, Krolas, W, Kroll, T, Lucarelli, F, Lunardi, Santo, Lunardon, Marcello, Martinez, T, Menegazzo, R, Nayak, Bk, Nebbia, G, Napoli, Dr, Nyako, B, Petrache, C, Podolyak, Z, Prete, G, Alvarez, Cr, Spolaore, P, Ur, C, and Zuber, K. more...
- Published
- 2001
10. Fusion barrier distributions from quasielastic excitation function measurements in O-16,O-18+Sn-120,Sn-124 systems
- Author
-
SINHA, S, PAHLAVANI, MR, VARMA, R, CHOUDHURY, RK, NAYAK, BK, and SAXENA, A
- Subjects
Surface Vibrations ,Subbarrier Fusion ,Signatures ,Channels ,Near-Barrier ,Couplings ,Oblate Target Nuclei ,Heavy-Ion Fusion ,Quasi-Elastic Scattering ,Energies - Abstract
A representation of the fusion barrier distributions has been deduced from the back angle quasielastic scattering cross section data in O-1618+ Sn-12,Sn-124 reactions, measured over a wide range of bombarding energies around the Coulomb barrier. The results have been compared with coupled channel calculations using the CCDEF code to study the effects of projectile and target inelastic excitations and nucleon transfer couplings on the representation of fusion barrier distributions in these systems. The present studies bring out the importance of coupling of 2n pickup in the O-16+ Sn-120,Sn-124 reactions and 2n stripping in the O-18+ Sn-120,Sn-124 reactions in explaining the observed barrier distributions. more...
- Published
- 2001
11. Effect of projectile ground state spin on fission fragment anisotropies in B-10, B-11+Th-232 reactions
- Author
-
NAYAK, BK, THOMAS, RG, CHOUDHURY, RK, SAXENA, A, SAHU, PK, KAPOOR, SS, VARMA, R, and UMAKANTH, D
- Subjects
C-12 ,Fusion-Fission ,Subbarrier Energies ,Angular-Distributions ,F-19+Th-232 Reactions ,O-16 ,Anomalous Peaklike Structure ,Nuclei ,Ion-Induced Fission - Abstract
Fission fragment angular distributions have been measured for B-10(spin=3(+)), B-11(spin=3/2(-))+Th-232 reactions at projectile energies below and above the Coulomb barrier. The fragment anisotropies for the B-11 +Th-232 system are found to be significantly larger than the statistical saddle point model (SSPM) predictions at sub-barrier energies, while for the B-10+Th-232 system the deviations from SSPM predictions are found to be much less. The present results indicate that the ground state spin of the projectile influences the fragment anisotropies at sub-barrier energies in a larger way than predicted by the statistical model with the inclusion of the M-state distributions. Calculations were carried out based on the entrance channel dependent K-states distribution and preequilibrium fission models, with inclusion of ground state spin of the projectiles, which are found to explain the variation of fission fragment anisotropies as a function of bombarding energy for both the systems. more...
- Published
- 2000
12. Measurement of quasielastic and transfer excitation functions in O-16, F-19+Th-232 reactions
- Author
-
SINHA, S, VARMA, R, CHOUDHURY, RK, NAYAK, BK, SAXENA, A, THOMAS, RG, and DINESH, BV
- Subjects
C-12+Th-232 ,Fission-Fragment Anisotropies ,Subbarrier Energies ,Spin Distributions ,Nuclear Orientation ,Collisions ,Large Distances ,Sub-Barrier Fusion ,Heavy-Ion Fusion ,Quasi-Elastic Scattering - Abstract
Quasielastic (QE) and transfer excitation function measurements have been carried out for the O-16, F-19 + Th-232 systems at theta(lab) = 170 degrees over a wide energy range above and below the Coulomb barrier. The data were analyzed to obtain the representation of fusion barrier distributions as well as the mean square compound nuclear spin values ([l(2)]), which are found to compare well with the results of the standard fusion model (CCDEF) calculations. Further, the back-angle transfer cross-section data as a function of the bombarding energy were transformed to give the transfer probabilities as a function of the distance of closest approach for 1p, 2p, 1 alpha, and 1p1 alpha transfer channels. The experimental "slope parameters" derived from these data were compared with the predictions of the semiclassical model calculations. It is found that the results for single nucleon or single cluster transfers are well explained by the semiclassical model, whereas for multinucleon or cluster transfers, the calculations underpredict the transfer probabilities. more...
- Published
- 2000
13. Author's misconduct inviting risk: Duplicate publication
- Author
-
Nayak Bk
- Subjects
Biomedical Research ,business.industry ,Scientific Misconduct ,Library science ,Duplicate publication ,computer.software_genre ,Duplicate Publications as Topic ,Ophthalmology ,Misconduct ,Editorial ,Medicine ,Humans ,Data mining ,business ,computer - Published
- 2009
14. Risk factors for intraocular pressure rise following phacoemulsification
- Author
-
Nayak, BK, primary and Chavan, Prachi, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The enigma of impact factor
- Author
-
Nayak Bk
- Subjects
Publishing ,Biomedical Research ,Impact factor ,business.industry ,India ,Data science ,Ophthalmology ,Text mining ,lcsh:Ophthalmology ,Bibliometrics ,lcsh:RE1-994 ,Medicine ,Humans ,Periodicals as Topic ,business - Published
- 2006
16. Correlation between Heidelberg Retinal Tomography (HRT II) Parameters and Visual Field Indices in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients
- Author
-
Dubey, RenuShukla, primary, Nayak, BK, additional, and Agarwal, Nisheeta, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Comparison of corneal endothelial cell loss during phacoemulsification using continuous anterior chamber infusion versus those using ophthalmic viscosurgical device: Randomized controlled trial
- Author
-
Nayak, BK, primary and Jain, EleshKumar, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Statement on publishing clinical trials in Indian biomedical journals
- Author
-
Satyanarayana, K, primary, Sharma, A, additional, Parikh, P, additional, Vijayan, VK, additional, Sahu, DK, additional, Nayak, BK, additional, Gulati, RK, additional, Parikh, MN, additional, Singh, PP, additional, Bavdekar, SB, additional, Sreehari, U, additional, and Sahni, P, additional more...
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. High Spatial Resolution Analytical Electron Microscopic Investigation of Femtosecond-Laser-Induced Crystallization of a-Si:H Films
- Author
-
Oleshko, VP, primary, Nayak, BK, additional, and Gupta, MC, additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Massive Scalar Field: Source of the Graviton and 'Strong Gravity'
- Author
-
Rao, JR, primary, Tiwari, RN, additional, and Nayak, BK, additional
- Published
- 1976
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Static Charged Dust Distribution in the Brans-Dicke Theory
- Author
-
Nayak, BK, primary
- Published
- 1975
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Spherically Symmetric Charged Dust Distribution in General Relativity. I. General Solution
- Author
-
Nayak, BK, primary
- Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Non-existence of Axially Symmetric Massive Complex Scalar Fields
- Author
-
Rao, JR, primary, Panda, HS, additional, and Nayak, BK, additional
- Published
- 1975
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. The significance of case reports in biomedical publication.
- Author
-
Nayak BK and Nayak, Barun Kumar
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Statement on publishing clinical trials in Indian biomedical journals.
- Author
-
Satyanarayana K, Sharma A, Parikh P, Vijayan VK, Sahu DK, Nayak BK, Gulati RK, Parikh MN, Singh PP, Bavdekar SB, Sreehari U, Sahni P, Satyanarayana, K, Sharma, Anju, Parikh, Purvish, Vijayan, V K, Sahu, D K, Nayak, Barun K, Gulati, R K, and Parikh, Mahendra N more...
- Published
- 2008
26. Investigating the Medicinal Potential of Lavatera cashmeriana Leaf Extract: Phytochemical Profiling and In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities.
- Author
-
Sofi MA, Sofi MA, Nanda A, Thiruvengadam K, and Nayak BK
- Abstract
This study investigated the medicinal potential of Lavatera cashmeriana , a plant traditionally known for its therapeutic properties. The aim was to identify the phytocompounds in L. cashmeriana leaf extract and evaluate its antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was employed to characterize the phytochemical composition of the ethanol extract derived from L. cashmeriana leaves. The antimicrobial potential was assessed through the well diffusion technique, targeting Escherichia coli , Enterococcus faecalis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus , and Candida albicans . The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay was conducted to assess antioxidant capabilities, while cytotoxicity against the A549 cancer cell line was determined via the MTT assay. GC-MS analysis identified ten different compounds, with phytol, 1-Eicosanol, and 2,6,10-trimethyl,14-ethylene-14-pentadecne being the most prevalent. The extract exhibited notable antimicrobial efficacy against all bacteria with MIC values ranging from 62.5 to 250 µ g/mL. However, C. albicans did not respond. The extract exhibited antioxidative properties with an IC
50 value of 86 µ g/mL and cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 69.95 µ g/mL against the A549 cancer cell line. The results derived from this study supported the historical use of L. cashmeriana as a medicinal plant and suggested that it can potentially treat a wide range of medical ailments. The identified phytocompounds and the demonstrated antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects provide scientific evidence for its medicinal properties. However, further investigations are needed to fully understand its safety profile, efficacy, and mechanism of action before recommending it for therapeutic purposes., Competing Interests: The authors state that there are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Mohmmad Ashaq Sofi et al.) more...- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Reducing the environmental impact of rice production in subtropical India by minimising reactive nitrogen loss.
- Author
-
Chatterjee D, Das SR, Mohanty S, Muduli BC, Bhatia A, Nayak BK, Rees RM, Drewer J, Nayak AK, Adhya TK, Parameswaran C, Meher J, Mondal B, Sutton MA, and Pathak H
- Subjects
- Nitrogen analysis, Agriculture methods, Ammonia analysis, Soil, Fertilizers analysis, Nitrous Oxide analysis, Oryza
- Abstract
The future of reactive nitrogen (N) for subtropical lowland rice to be characterised under diverse N-management to develop adequate sustainable practices. It is a challenge to increase the efficiency of N use in lowland rice, as N can be lost in various ways, e.g., through nitrous oxide (N
2 O) or dinitrogen (N2 ) emissions, ammonia (NH3 ) volatilization and nitrate (NO3 - ) leaching. A field study was carried out in the subsequent wet (2021) and dry (2022) seasons to assess the impacts of different N management strategies on yield, N use efficiency and different N losses in a double-cropped rice system. Seven different N-management practices including application of chemical fertilisers, liquid organic fertiliser, nitrification inhibitors, organic nutrient management and integrated nutrient management (INM) were studied. The application of soil test-based neem-coated urea (NCU) during the wet season resulted in the highest economic yield, while integrated nutrient management showed the highest economic yield during the dry season. Total N losses by volatilization of NH3 , N2 O loss and leaching were 0.06-4.73, 0.32-2.14 and 0.25-1.93 kg ha-1 , corresponding to 0.06-5.84%, 0.11-2.20% and 0.09-1.81% of total applied N, respectively. The total N-uptake in grain and straw was highest in INM (87-89% over control) followed by the soil test-based NCU (77-82% over control). In comparison, recovery efficiency of N was maximum from application of NCU + dicyandiamide during both the seasons. The N footprint of paddy rice ranged 0.46-2.01 kg N-eq. t-1 during both seasons under various N management. Ammonia volatilization was the process responsible for the largest N loss, followed by N2 O emissions, and NO3 - leaching in these subtropical lowland rice fields. After ranking the different N management practices on a scale of 1-7, soil test-based NCU was considered the best N management approach in the wet year 2021, while INM scored the best in the dry year 2022., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Activation cross section for the (n,2n) and (n,p) reactions on 103 Rh, 48 Ti and 52 Cr from reaction threshold up to 25 MeV energy region.
- Author
-
Singh RK, Singh NL, Mehta M, Chauhan R, Suryanarayana SV, Makwana R, Nayak BK, Naik H, Varmuza J, and Katovsky K
- Abstract
Activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric methods were used to measure the ground and isomeric state (n,2n) reaction cross section for
103 Rh at two different neutron energies. The standard27 Al (n,α)24 Na reference reaction was used to normalise neutron flux. The proton beam from the 14UD BARC-TIFR Pelletron facility in Mumbai, India, was utilised to create high-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutrons via the7 Li (p,n) reaction. Statistical model calculations including the level density, pre-equilibrium and optical potential model were performed using the TALYS (ver. 1.95) and EMPIRE (ver. 3.2.3) reaction codes. In addition, because of considerable discrepancies in measured data, the literature (n,p) reaction cross section of52 Cr and48 Ti targets were examined theoretically in the present work. The measured cross sections are discussed and compared with the latest evaluated data of the FENDL-3.2b, CENDL-3.2, TENDL-2019, JENDL-5.0, and ENDF/B-VIII.0 libraries, and experimental data based on the EXFOR compilation. The theoretical investigation of the (n,2n) reaction cross section was performed for the ground and isomeric state for the first time from reaction threshold to 25 MeV energies. The experimental data corresponding to the ground, isomeric state and isomeric ratio were reproduced consistently by the theoretical calculations. The present experimental results are good with certain literature data and theoretical values., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: RatanKumar Singh reports financial support was provided by Inter-University Accelerator Centre., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Potential soil organic carbon sequestration vis-a-vis methane emission in lowland rice agroecosystem.
- Author
-
Das SR, Nayak BK, Dey S, Sarkar S, Chatterjee D, Saha S, Sarkar D, Pradhan A, Saha S, and Nayak AK
- Subjects
- Carbon, Carbon Sequestration, Environmental Monitoring, Methane, Soil, Oryza
- Abstract
Mitigating the atmospheric greenhouse effect while enhancing the inherent soil quality and productive capacity is possible through soil carbon (C) sequestration, which has a significant potential to counteract the adverse effects of agroecosystem level C emission through natural and anthropogenic means. Although rice is the most important food in India, feeding more than 60% of the country's population, it is commonly blamed for significant methane (CH
4 ) emissions that accelerate climate change. Higher initial soil organic matter concentrations would create more CH4 under the flooded soil conditions, as reducible soil C is a prerequisite for CH4 generation. In India, rice is generally cultivated in lowlands under continuous flooding. Less extensive organic matter breakdown in lowland rice agroecosystems often significantly impacts the dynamics of soil active and passive C pools. Change from conventional to conservation agriculture might trap a significant quantity of SOC. The study aims to investigate the potential of rice-based soils to sequester C and reduce the accelerated greenhouse effects through modified farming practices, such as crop residue retention, crop rotation, organic farming, varietal selection, conservation agriculture, integrated nutrient management, and water management. Overall, lowland rice agroecosystems can sequester significant amounts of SOC, but this potential must be balanced against the potential for CH4 emissions. Management practices that reduce CH4 emissions while increasing soil C sequestration should be promoted and adopted to maximize the sustainability of rice agroecosystems. This review is important for understanding the effectiveness of the balance between SOC sequestration and CH4 emissions in lowland rice agroecosystems for adopting sustainable agricultural practices in the context of climate change., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.) more...- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Myco-Facilitated Biosynthesis of Nano-Silver From Wasp Nest Fungus, Paecilomyces variotii , and Its Antimicrobial Activity Against MTCC Strains.
- Author
-
Nayak BK, Prabhakar V, and Nanda A
- Abstract
The utility of fungi as stabilizing and reducing agents in the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles is striking due to the production of large quantities of biomolecules of minute toxic residuals. During the current study, sunlight- and dark-assessed silver nanoparticles were synthesized from wasp nest fungus, Paecilomyces variotii , at different pHs. Synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at 6 pH were found to be more prominent than at 7 and 8 pHs. AgNPs were within the 20- to 90-nm range and were polygonal and elongated in shape. FTIR spectra of light-mediated AgNPs showed diverse transmittance bands than the silver nanoparticles synthesized in the dark. The synthesized AgNPs were found with diverse antimicrobial activities against pathogenic MTCC bacterial strains, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus , Vibrio parahaemolyticus , Escherichia coli , Shewanella putrefaciens , and fungus, Candida albicans . Aqueous filtrate and filtrate-mediated AgNPs combined with methanol solvent extract of yeast extract manitol broth (YEMB) had more inhibitory effects on all bacteria and Candida albicans . Furthermore, the combined effect of AgNPs and methanol solvent extract from YEMB culture filtrate was found more effective against E. coli , while AgNPs combined with methanol solvent of aqueous filtrate had inhibitory effects on E. coli and Candida albicans., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Nayak, Prabhakar and Nanda.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. mTOR Activation Initiates Renal Cell Carcinoma Development by Coordinating ERK and p38MAPK.
- Author
-
Wu H, He D, Biswas S, Shafiquzzaman M, Zhou X, Charron J, Wang Y, Nayak BK, Habib SL, Liu H, and Li B
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis, Carcinoma, Renal Cell etiology, Carcinoma, Renal Cell metabolism, Cell Proliferation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Kidney Neoplasms etiology, Kidney Neoplasms metabolism, Kidney Neoplasms pathology, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Phosphorylation, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Carcinoma, Renal Cell pathology, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 physiology, MAP Kinase Kinase 1 physiology, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14 physiology, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein physiology, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 physiology
- Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) mainly originates from renal proximal tubules. Intriguingly, disruption of genes frequently mutated in human RCC samples thus far has only generated RCC originated from other renal tubule parts in mouse models. This hampers our understanding of the pathogenesis of RCC. Here we show that mTOR signaling, often activated in RCC samples, initiates RCC development from renal proximal tubules. Ablation of Tsc1 , encoding an mTOR suppressor, in proximal tubule cells led to multiple precancerous renal cysts. mTOR activation increased MEK1 expression and ERK activation, and Mek1 ablation or inhibition diminished cyst formation in Tsc1 -deficient mice. mTOR activation also increased MKK6 expression and p38MAPK activation, and ablation of the p38α-encoding gene further enhanced cyst formation and led to RCC with clear cell RCC features. Mechanistically, Tsc1 deletion induced p53 and p16 expression in a p38MAPK-dependent manner, and deleting Tsc1 and Trp53 or Cdkn2a (encoding p16) enhanced renal cell carcinogenesis. Thus, mTOR activation in combination with inactivation of the p38MAPK-p53/p16 pathway drives RCC development from renal proximal tubules. Moreover, this study uncovers previously unidentified mechanisms by which mTOR controls cell proliferation and suggests the MEK-ERK axis to be a potential target for treatment of RCC. SIGNIFICANCE: Mouse modeling studies show that mTOR activation in combination with inactivation of the p38MAPK-p53/p16 axis initiates renal cell carcinoma that mimics human disease, identifying potential therapeutic targets for RCC treatment., (©2021 American Association for Cancer Research.) more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. TP63 Is Significantly Upregulated in Diabetic Kidney.
- Author
-
Liang S, Nayak BK, Vogel KS, and Habib SL
- Subjects
- Adenylate Kinase metabolism, Aminoimidazole Carboxamide analogs & derivatives, Aminoimidazole Carboxamide pharmacology, Animals, Blood Glucose metabolism, Cells, Cultured, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental genetics, Diabetic Nephropathies blood, Down-Regulation drug effects, Down-Regulation genetics, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit metabolism, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins genetics, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins metabolism, Kidney Tubules, Proximal pathology, Models, Biological, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Ribonucleotides pharmacology, Signal Transduction drug effects, Trans-Activators metabolism, Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein pharmacology, Up-Regulation drug effects, Diabetic Nephropathies genetics, Trans-Activators genetics, Up-Regulation genetics
- Abstract
The role of tumor protein 63 (TP63) in regulating insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and other downstream signal proteins in diabetes has not been characterized. RNAs extracted from kidneys of diabetic mice (db/db) were sequenced to identify genes that are involved in kidney complications. RNA sequence analysis showed more than 4- to 6-fold increases in TP63 expression in the diabetic mice's kidneys, compared to wild-type mice at age 10 and 12 months old. In addition, the kidneys from diabetic mice showed significant increases in TP63 mRNA and protein expression compared to WT mice. Mouse proximal tubular cells exposed to high glucose (HG) for 48 h showed significant decreases in IRS-1 expression and increases in TP63, compared to cells grown in normal glucose (NG). When TP63 was downregulated by siRNA, significant increases in IRS-1 and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK (p-AMPK-Th
172 )) occurred under NG and HG conditions. Moreover, activation of AMPK by pretreating the cells with AICAR resulted in significant downregulation of TP63 and increased IRS-1 expression. Ad-cDNA-mediated over-expression of tuberin resulted in significantly decreased TP63 levels and upregulation of IRS-1 expression. Furthermore, TP63 knockdown resulted in increased glucose uptake, whereas IRS-1 knockdown resulted in a decrease in the glucose uptake. Altogether, animal and cell culture data showed a potential role of TP63 as a new candidate gene involved in regulating IRS-1 that may be used as a new therapeutic target to prevent kidney complications in diabetes. more...- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Ophthalmology residency trainers' perspective on standardization of residency training in India.
- Author
-
Gogate PM, Biswas P, Honavar SG, Sharma N, Sinha R, Sachdev MS, Verma L, Nayak BK, and Natarajan S
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Clinical Competence, Education, Medical, Graduate, Female, Humans, India, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Standards, Surveys and Questionnaires, Internship and Residency, Ophthalmology education
- Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to study the perception of residency trainers about an optimum residency program., Methods: A survey, using a pre-validated questionnaire, was conducted by the Academic and Research Committee of the All India Ophthalmological Society, in 2019-20 with questions directed to teachers in medical colleges and national board of examination's ophthalmology residency programs on demography, teaching experience, imparting clinical and surgical skills, ideal academic schedule and dissertation in the post-graduate residency program., Results: The response rate in the survey was 47.6%. Valid responses were obtained from 309 residency trainers. Of these, 132 of 309 (42.7%) were females. The mean age was 45.3 ± 9.5 years, range 26-68 years. The trainers believed that on a scale of 0-10, clinical skills teaching should be taught, mean ± SD: slit lamp 9.8 ± 0.7; indirect ophthalmoscopy 9.3 ± 1.3; gonioscopy 9.2 ± 1.5; perimetry 8.9 ± 1.5; OCT 8.4 ± 1.9; applanation tonometry 9.5 ± 1.2 and orthoptic evaluation 8.1 (±1.9). A resident should ideally perform independently surgeries (median, inter-quartile range IQR): SICS 50 (IQR 40-100); phaco 50 (20-60); pterygium excision 20 (10-40); DCR 10 (5-20); chalazion 20 (10-50), trabeculectomy 7 (5-15); strabismus 5 (2-10), LASIK and retinal detachment 0. Ideally there should be four lectures, four seminars, four case presentations, five journal clubs and four wet labs every month., Conclusion: Teachers expected their wards to become competent professionals. There was near unanimity about the content of clinical skills training, non-medical skills and academics, but there was a significant variation on extent of surgical training that should be imparted to the residents., Competing Interests: None more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Intravenous Acetaminophen vs Intravenous Diclofenac Sodium in Management of Skeletal Vaso-occlusive Crisis Among Children with Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Author
-
Panda PC, Mishra NR, Patra CS, Nayak BK, and Panda SK
- Subjects
- Acetaminophen therapeutic use, Child, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Pain Measurement, Single-Blind Method, Anemia, Sickle Cell complications, Anemia, Sickle Cell drug therapy, Diclofenac therapeutic use
- Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy of intravenous acetaminophen and intravenous diclofenac sodium in the management of skeletal vaso-occlusive crisis among children with sickle cell disease., Design: Single blind randomized controlled trial., Setting: Tertiary care hospital., Participants: 104 children with sickle cell disease and skeletal vaso-occlusive crisis., Intervention: Intravenous acetaminophen at 10mg/kg/dose 8 hourly and intravenous diclofenac sodium at 1mg/kg/dose 8 hourly in 1:1 ratio., Main Outcome Measures: Reduction in pain score (50%), number of doses needed to relieve pain after 24 hours of drug administration and decrease in pain score at 1 hour., Results: A 50% reduction in pain score was seen in 35 (77.3%) and 10 (21.7%) children among acetaminophen and diclofenac sodium groups respectively (RR, 95% CI 3.6; 2.02-6.33, P< 0.001). The mean (SD) fall in pain score at 1 hour was significantly higher among intervention arm as compared to control arm [1.51 (0.5) and 1.06 (0.5); P<0.001]. Eight (17.4%) patients developed local phlebitis at the site of infusion among diclofenac group., Conclusions: Intravenous acetaminophen is a better alternative to intravenous diclofenac in children with skeletal vaso-occlusive crisis. more...
- Published
- 2021
35. Infrapatellar plica injury: Magnetic resonance imaging review of a neglected cause of anterior knee pain.
- Author
-
Singh DK, Rajani H, Sinha M, Katyan A, Suman S, Mishra A, and Nayak BK
- Abstract
Synovial plicae are normal remnants of synovial membranes within the knee joint cavity and are usually asymptomatic. Pathological infrapatellar plica, which is mostly due to plica injury, may be a potential cause of anterior knee pain, but is often overlooked and under-reported on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This pictorial review illustrates the MRI findings of infrapatellar plica injury and associated knee injuries, with emphasis on its differentiation from the mimics of plica injury., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (© 2021. The Authors.) more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Response to comments on: Preferred practice guidelines for glaucoma management during COVID-19 pandemic.
- Author
-
Tejwani S, Angmo D, Nayak BK, Sharma N, Sachdev MS, Dada T, and Sinha R
- Subjects
- COVID-19, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Betacoronavirus, Coronavirus Infections, Glaucoma, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral
- Abstract
Competing Interests: None
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Recovering from nonspecific low back pain despair: Ultrasound-guided intervention in iliolumbar syndrome.
- Author
-
Nayak BK, Singh DK, Kumar N, and Jaiswal B
- Abstract
Background: Iliolumbar syndrome is a frequent cause of chronic nonspecific low back pain. The cornerstone of its treatment lies upon the specific diagnosis of the iliolumbar syndrome. The ultrasound guided interventions have the potential for the specific diagnosis and treatment of the iliolumbar syndrome., Objective: To assess the role of ultrasound-guided intervention for the diagnosis and treatment of the iliolumbar syndrome., Materials and Methods: The study comprised of fifty-seven patients of nonspecific low back pain with the clinically suspected iliolumbar syndrome. Two-staged ultrasound-guided interventions were performed: Primary diagnostic and secondary therapeutic interventions. Favorable response after the injection of local anesthetic agent in iliolumbar ligament (defined as VAS score to ≥3) was classified as confirmed Ilio-lumbar syndrome. Clinico radiological efficacy after platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in confirmed iliolumbar syndrome patients was done., Results: Out of 57 patients, 45 (78.95%) were diagnosed with confirmed Iliolumbar syndrome after primary diagnostic intervention. The mean value of VAS at presentation was 8.02 ± 0.72 which was decreased to 3.16 ± 1.63; P < 0.0001. All 45 patients underwent PRP injection in iliolumbar ligament and 42 patients (93.33%) showed reduction in mean VAS score from 8 ± 0.67 (at presentation) to 0.89 ± 1.23 after 6 weeks follow up; P < 0.0001. Iliolumbar ligament thickness was decreased from the day of presentation (2.66 ± 0.22) to 6 weeks after therapeutic intervention (0.91 ± 0.42); P < 0.0001., Conclusion: The ultrasound guided diagnostic and therapeutic intervention were found to result in a specific diagnosis and remarkable recovery in the iliolumbar syndrome group of nonspecific low back pain patients., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2021 Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging.) more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Preferred practice guidelines for glaucoma management during COVID-19 pandemic.
- Author
-
Tejwani S, Angmo D, Nayak BK, Sharma N, Sachdev MS, Dada T, and Sinha R
- Subjects
- COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Disease Management, Humans, Pneumonia, Viral transmission, SARS-CoV-2, Betacoronavirus, Consensus, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Disease Transmission, Infectious prevention & control, Glaucoma therapy, Ophthalmology standards, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has threatened the humanity at a global level to a large extent by the burden of the disease with significant mortality and to a certain extent as a byproduct of the necessary efforts to contain the same. There is a significant impact on the health care system, as we not only have to contain pandemic, but continue to treat our non-COVID-19 patients in a safe and responsible manner. Ophthalmology practice in general and glaucoma in particular needs certain modifications and additional precautions while examining as well as managing these patients keeping their and our safety in mind. As the lockdown relaxations are in vogue we need to learn how to deal with our regular patients as well in addition to emergency care. This paper presents the consensus-based guidelines by an expert panel on how to restart glaucoma practice during this COVID-19 time. These guidelines will be applicable across the country and should help ophthalmologists and glaucoma specialist to restart their practices while safeguarding the patients and their own selves from getting infected., Competing Interests: None more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. A new normal with cataract surgery during COVID-19 pandemic.
- Author
-
Reddy JC, Vaddavalli PK, Sharma N, Sachdev MS, Rajashekar YL, Sinha R, Agarwal A, Porwal A, Chakrabarti A, Nayak BK, Jain BK, Chandrasekhar D, Ramamurthy C, Mehta CK, Bhattacharya D, Luthra G, Aravind H, Bhattacharjee H, Mehta HR, Titiyal JS, Ram J, Bhalla JS, Dasari KK, Mehta KR, Kudlu KP, Prasad RK, Murugesan K, Singh MJ, Rajan M, Rohit OP, Gogate P, Biswas P, Padmanabhan P, Parekh RH, Khanna R, Honavar SG, Murthy SI, Goel S, Ganesh S, and Arora VK more...
- Subjects
- COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Humans, Personal Protective Equipment standards, Pneumonia, Viral transmission, SARS-CoV-2, Betacoronavirus, Cataract Extraction standards, Consensus, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional prevention & control, Ophthalmology, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology
- Abstract
Cataract is the second leading cause of preventable blindness on the globe. Several programs across the country have been running efficiently to increase the cataract surgical rates and decrease blindness due to cataract. The current COVID-19 pandemic has led to a complete halt of these programs and thus accumulating all the elective cataract procedures. At present with the better understanding of the safety precautions among the health care workers and general population the Government of India (GoI) has given clearance for functioning of eye care facilities. In order to facilitate smooth functioning of every clinic, in this paper, we prepared preferred practice pattern based on consensus discussions between leading ophthalmologists in India including representatives from major governmental and private institutions as well as the All India Ophthalmological Society leadership. These guidelines will be applicable to all practice settings including tertiary institutions, corporate and group practices and individual eye clinics. The guidelines include triage, use of personal protective equipment, precautions to be taken in the OPD and operating room as well for elective cataract screening and surgery. These guidelines have been prepared based on current situation but are expected to evolve over a period of time based on the ongoing pandemic and guidelines from GoI., Competing Interests: None more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Approach-based techniques of CT-guided percutaneous vertebral biopsy.
- Author
-
Singh DK, Kumar N, Nayak BK, Jaiswal B, Tomar S, Mittal MK, and Bajaj SK
- Subjects
- Humans, Image-Guided Biopsy, Spine diagnostic imaging, Spine pathology, Radiography, Interventional methods, Spinal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Spinal Neoplasms pathology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods
- Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the characterization of vertebral lesions. Even if latest improvements in MRI permit to understand and suspect the nature of vertebral lesions and positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) gives information about lesion metabolism, biopsy is still needed in most cases. CT-guided percutaneous vertebral biopsy is a minimally invasive, safe and accurate procedure for definitive tissue diagnosis of a vertebral lesion. CT-guided vertebral biopsy is often the best alternative to a surgical biopsy. The purpose of this technical note is to discuss the approach-based techniques for CT-guided percutaneous vertebral biopsy. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Galectin-1 is a new fibrosis protein in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
- Author
-
Al-Obaidi N, Mohan S, Liang S, Zhao Z, Nayak BK, Li B, Sriramarao P, and Habib SL
- Subjects
- Animals, Diabetic Nephropathies etiology, Diabetic Nephropathies metabolism, Diabetic Nephropathies pathology, Fibronectins metabolism, Fibrosis etiology, Fibrosis pathology, Glucose administration & dosage, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents administration & dosage, Insulin administration & dosage, Kidney Tubules, Proximal drug effects, Kidney Tubules, Proximal pathology, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Phosphorylation, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Fibrosis metabolism, Galectin 1 physiology, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Kidney Tubules, Proximal metabolism
- Abstract
Chronic exposure of tubular renal cells to high glucose contributes to tubulointerstitial changes in diabetic nephropathy. In the present study, we identified a new fibrosis gene called galectin-1 (Gal-1), which is highly expressed in tubular cells of kidneys of type 1 and type 2 diabetic mouse models. Gal-1 protein and mRNA expression showed significant increase in kidney cortex of heterozygous Akita
+/- and db/db mice compared with wild-type mice. Mouse proximal tubular cells exposed to high glucose showed significant increase in phosphorylation of Akt and Gal-1. We cloned Gal-1 promoter and identified the transcription factor AP4 as binding to the Gal-1 promoter to up-regulate its function. Transfection of cells with plasmid carrying mutations in the binding sites of AP4 to Gal-1 promoter resulted in decreased protein function of Gal-1. In addition, inhibition of Gal-1 by OTX-008 showed significant decrease in p-Akt/AP4 and protein-promoter activity of Gal-1 and fibronectin. Moreover, down-regulation of AP4 by small interfering RNA resulted in a significant decrease in protein expression and promoter activity of Gal-1. We found that kidney of Gal-1-/- mice express very low levels of fibronectin protein. In summary, Gal-1 is highly expressed in kidneys of type 1 and 2 diabetic mice, and AP4 is a major transcription factor that activates Gal-1 under hyperglycemia. Inhibition of Gal-1 by OTX-008 blocks activation of Akt and prevents accumulation of Gal-1, suggesting a novel role of Gal-1 inhibitor as a possible therapeutic target to treat renal fibrosis in diabetes.-Al-Obaidi, N., Mohan, S., Liang, S., Zhao, Z., Nayak, B. K., Li, B., Sriramarao, P., Habib, S. L. Galectin-1 is a new fibrosis protein in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. more...- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Measurement of 232 Th and 238 U neutron capture cross-sections in the energy range 5-17 MeV.
- Author
-
Mukherjee S, Vansola V, Parashari S, Makwana R, Singh NL, Suryanarayana SV, Sharma SC, Nayak BK, and Naik H
- Abstract
The neutron capture cross sections of
232 Th and238 U at the average neutron energies of 5.08 ± 0.17, 8.96 ± 0.77, 12.47 ± 0.83, and 16.63 ± 0.95 MeV have been measured by using the activation technique and off-line γ-ray spectroscopy. The232 Th and238 U were irradiated with neutrons produced from the7 Li(p, n) reaction using the proton energies of 7, 11, 15 and 18.8 MeV from the 14UD BARC-TIFR Pelletron facility in Mumbai, India. Detailed covariance analysis was also performed to evaluate the uncertainties in the measured cross-sections. The excitation function of the232 Th(n, γ) and238 U(n, γ) reactions were calculated using the theoretical model code TALYS-1.9. The experimental and theoretical results from the present work were compared with the ENDF/B-VII-1 and JENDL-4.0 nuclear data libraries and were found to be in good agreement., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Neutron capture cross-sections for 159 Tb isotope in the energy range of 5 to 17 MeV.
- Author
-
Soni BK, Makwana R, Mukherjee S, Parashari S, Suryanarayana SV, Nayak BK, Naik H, and Mehta M
- Abstract
The neutron capture cross-sections have been measured for the
159 Tb(n, γ)160 Tb reaction at the spectrum average peak neutron energies of 5.08 ± 0.165, 12.47 ± 0.825, and 16.63 ± 0.95 MeV respectively. The experiment has been carried out using the standard neutron activation technique and off-line γ-ray spectrometry. The present measurement has been done for the energies where very few measured results are available in the data library. The results have been compared with ENDF/B-VII.1 and JENDL-4.0 data libraries. The present results have also been supported by theoretical predictions of nuclear model code TALYS 1.9. Detailed covariance analysis was carried out to find the uncertainty and the correlations among the measured cross-sections., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A new drug combination significantly reduces kidney tumor progression in kidney mouse model.
- Author
-
Liang S, Cuellar T, Nowacki M, Nayak BK, Dong L, Li B, Sharma K, and Habib SL
- Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) disease is associated with tumors in many organs, particularly angiomyolipoma (AML) in the kidneys. Loss or inactivation of TSC1/2 results in high levels of HIF-α activity and VEGF expression. mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) and the AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICA)-riboside (AICAR) are currently used separately to treat cancer patients. Here, we investigated the effect of a novel combination of rapamycin and AICAR on tumor progression. Our data show that treatment of AML human cells with drug combinations resulted in 5-7-fold increase in cell apoptosis compared to each drug alone. In addition, drug combinations resulted in 4-5-fold decrease in cell proliferation compared to each drug alone. We found that drug combinations abolished Akt and HIF activity in AML cells. The drug combinations resulted in decrease in cell invasion and cell immigration by 70% and 84%, respectively in AML cells. The combined drugs also significantly decreased the VEGF expression compare to each drug alone in AML cells. Drug combinations effectively abolished binding of HIF-2α to the putative Akt site in the nuclear extracts isolated from AML cells. Treatment TSC mice with drug combinations resulted in 75% decrease in tumor number and 88% decrease in tumor volume compared to control TSC mice. This is first evidence that drug combinations are effective in reducing size and number of kidney tumors without any toxic effect on kidney. These data will provide evidence for initiating a new clinical trial for treatment of TSC patients., Competing Interests: CONFLICTS OF INTEREST No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed. more...
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Biopolymer assisted synthesis of silica-carbon composite by spray drying.
- Author
-
Sarkar D, Sen D, Nayak BK, Bhatt P, Deo MN, and Dutta B
- Subjects
- Desiccation, Diffusion, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Nanocomposites ultrastructure, Nanoparticles ultrastructure, Particle Size, Porosity, Static Electricity, Carbon chemistry, Gum Arabic chemistry, Nanocomposites chemistry, Nanoparticles chemistry, Silicon Dioxide chemistry
- Abstract
Spray drying had been used to synthesize silica-carbon black nanocomposite micrometric granules with a uniform distribution of the two components. This was achieved by hindering the preferential diffusion of hydrophobic carbon and hydrophilic silica particles in the water droplets during evaporative assembly by introducing gum arabic as a stabilizing agent and network former. Both positive and negatively charged silica nanoparticles were used to check the stability of the sol and its effect on the morphology of the spray dried granules. X-ray and neutron scattering, complemented with electron microscopy, were used to investigate the correlation and distribution of the nanoparticles within the granules. Porous silica granules, having surface area of 157 m
2 /g, were obtained after removal of carbon black by calcination. An environment-friendly solar absorbing coating had been prepared using as synthesized granules., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) more...- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. NOX4 functions as a mitochondrial energetic sensor coupling cancer metabolic reprogramming to drug resistance.
- Author
-
Shanmugasundaram K, Nayak BK, Friedrichs WE, Kaushik D, Rodriguez R, and Block K
- Subjects
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Carcinoma, Renal Cell drug therapy, Carcinoma, Renal Cell pathology, Carrier Proteins metabolism, Cells, Cultured, Energy Metabolism drug effects, Etoposide pharmacology, Humans, Kidney drug effects, Kidney metabolism, Kidney Neoplasms drug therapy, Kidney Neoplasms pathology, Male, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Nude, Mitochondria drug effects, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Thyroid Hormones metabolism, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, p300-CBP Transcription Factors metabolism, Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins, Apoptosis drug effects, Carcinoma, Renal Cell metabolism, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Energy Metabolism physiology, Kidney Neoplasms metabolism, Mitochondria metabolism, NADPH Oxidase 4 metabolism
- Abstract
The molecular mechanisms that couple glycolysis to cancer drug resistance remain unclear. Here we identify an ATP-binding motif within the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX4, and show that ATP directly binds and negatively regulates NOX4 activity. We find that NOX4 localizes to the inner mitochondria membrane and that subcellular redistribution of ATP levels from the mitochondria act as an allosteric switch to activate NOX4. We provide evidence that NOX4-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibits P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF)-dependent acetylation and lysosomal degradation of the pyruvate kinase-M2 isoform (PKM2). Finally, we show that NOX4 silencing, through PKM2, sensitizes cultured and ex vivo freshly isolated human-renal carcinoma cells to drug-induced cell death in xenograft models and ex vivo cultures. These findings highlight yet unidentified insights into the molecular events driving cancer evasive resistance and suggest modulation of ATP levels together with cytotoxic drugs could overcome drug-resistance in glycolytic cancers. more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Residency evaluation and adherence design study: Young ophthalmologists' perception of their residency programs - Clinical and surgical skills.
- Author
-
Gogate P, Biswas P, Natarajan S, Ramamurthy D, Bhattacharya D, Golnik K, and Nayak BK
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, India, Male, Ophthalmologists education, Retrospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Clinical Competence, Education, Medical, Graduate methods, Internship and Residency methods, Ophthalmologists standards, Ophthalmology education
- Abstract
Background: Residency training is the basis of good clinical and surgical practice., Purpose: The aim is to know the demographics, training experience, and perception of young ophthalmologists to improve the present residency programs in India., Setting: Young ophthalmologists trained in India., Methods: A survey was conducted by the Academic and Research Committee of the All India Ophthalmology Society, in 2014-2016 of young ophthalmologists (those trained between 2002 and 2012, with 2-10 years' postresidency experience) to gauge teaching of clinical and surgical skills during the postgraduate residency program., Statistical Analysis: Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16., Results: Of the 1005 respondents, 531 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Average age was 32.6 years (standard deviation [SD] 4). On a scale of 0-10, clinical skills teaching was graded as (mean, SD): Slit lamp examination (7.2, SD 2.8), indirect ophthalmoscopy (6.2, SD 3.3), gonioscopy (5.7, SD 3.4), perimetry (6.2, SD 3.2), optical coherence tomography (4.6, SD 4), and orthoptic evaluation (4.3, SD 3.1). The mean (SD) and median of surgeries performed independently was intracapsular cataract extraction 3.0 (14.9), 0; extracapsular cataract extraction 39.9 (53.2), 18; small incision cataract surgery 75.3 (64.4), 55; phacoemulsification 30 (52.6), 1; pterygium excision 31.5 (43.5), 15; dacryocystectomy 20.3 (38.1), 4; dacryocystorhinostomy 11.7 (26.2), 2; chalazion 46.4 (48.3), 30; trabeculectomies 4 (14.9), 0; strabismus correction 1.4 (4.9), 0; laser-assisted in situ Keratomileusis 1.5 (12.2), 0; retinal detachment 1.5 (12.5), 0; vitrectomy 3.0 (17.0), 0; keratoplasty 5.2 (17.8), 0; eyelid surgery 8.6 (18.9), 2 and ocular emergencies 41.7 (52.4), 20. Observed and assisted surgeries were more common. However, the range of grading was 0-10 in all categories., Conclusion: Residency training in India varies considerably from program to program. Standardization is needed to assure all graduates are competent and render consistent quality of service. more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Residency evaluation and adherence design study: Young ophthalmologists' perception of their residency programs II: Academics and Research dissertation.
- Author
-
Gogate PM, Biswas P, Natarajan S, Nayak BK, Gopal S, Shah Y, and Basak SK
- Subjects
- Adult, Biomedical Research, Female, Humans, India, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Academic Dissertations as Topic, Clinical Competence, Education, Pharmacy, Graduate methods, Internship and Residency trends, Ophthalmologists education, Ophthalmology education
- Abstract
Purpose: To know the perception of young ophthalmologists about their dissertation and academics during residency training in order to improve the research output during present residency programs in India., Methods: A survey was conducted by Academic and Research Committee of the All India Ophthalmological Society, the world's second largest ophthalmic professional's organization, in 2014-2016 of young ophthalmologists (those who completed residency between 2005 and 2012) to gauge usefulness of dissertation or thesis during postgraduate residency., Results: There were 1005 respondents, of whom 531 fulfilled inclusion criteria. On a scale of 0-10, residents rated level of supervision of their dissertation as adequate (mean 5.9/10, standard deviation [SD] = 3.1, median = 6). The level of infrastructure available was for dissertation rated as 5.9/10 (median = 7, SD = 3.1), and 6.2/10 was the score that residents said about value added by the dissertation (median = 7). The dissertation was presented at local (33.5%), state (28.1%), national (15.4%), and international (4%) levels. Students, not supervisors, did most of the local and state level presentations. It was published in some forms at local 210 (39.5%), state (140, 26.4%), national (94, 17.7%), and international (39, 7.3%) levels. On a scale of 0-4, seminars (3/4) and case presentations were (3/4) rated higher than didactic lectures (2.2/4), journal clubs (2.2/4), and wet laboratory (1.1/4)., Conclusion: Peer-reviewed publications from Indian residency training dissertations were few. Residents felt dissertation added value to their training, but there was a huge range among the responses. Journal clubs and wet laboratories were not graded high in academic programs, unlike seminars and case presentations. more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. HIF-1 Mediates Renal Fibrosis in OVE26 Type 1 Diabetic Mice.
- Author
-
Nayak BK, Shanmugasundaram K, Friedrichs WE, Cavaglierii RC, Patel M, Barnes J, and Block K
- Subjects
- Animals, Antioxidants pharmacology, Antioxidants therapeutic use, Cell Line, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 drug therapy, Diabetic Nephropathies pathology, Diabetic Nephropathies physiopathology, Diabetic Nephropathies prevention & control, Extracellular Matrix drug effects, Extracellular Matrix metabolism, Extracellular Matrix pathology, Fibrosis, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Glucose Transporter Type 1 antagonists & inhibitors, Glucose Transporter Type 1 genetics, Hyperglycemia prevention & control, Hypoglycemia prevention & control, Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit antagonists & inhibitors, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit genetics, Indazoles pharmacology, Indazoles therapeutic use, Kidney drug effects, Kidney pathology, Kidney physiopathology, Mesangial Cells cytology, Mesangial Cells drug effects, Mesangial Cells metabolism, Mesangial Cells pathology, Mice, Transgenic, NADPH Oxidase 4, NADPH Oxidases antagonists & inhibitors, NADPH Oxidases genetics, Oxidative Stress drug effects, RNA Interference, Recombinant Proteins chemistry, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Renal Insufficiency complications, Renal Insufficiency pathology, Renal Insufficiency prevention & control, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 complications, Diabetic Nephropathies metabolism, Glucose Transporter Type 1 metabolism, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit metabolism, Kidney metabolism, NADPH Oxidases metabolism, Renal Insufficiency metabolism
- Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 mediates hypoxia- and chronic kidney disease-induced fibrotic events. Here, we assessed whether HIF-1 blockade attenuates the manifestations of diabetic nephropathy in a type 1 diabetic animal model, OVE26. YC-1 [3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzyl indazole], an HIF-1 inhibitor, reduced whole kidney glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial matrix expansion, extracellular matrix accumulation, and urinary albumin excretion as well as NOX4 protein expression and NADPH-dependent reactive oxygen species production, while blood glucose levels remained unchanged. The role of NOX oxidases in HIF-1-mediated extracellular matrix accumulation was explored in vitro using glomerular mesangial cells. Through a series of genetic silencing and adenoviral overexpression studies, we have defined GLUT1 as a critical downstream target of HIF-1α mediating high glucose-induced matrix expression through the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX4. Together, our data suggest that pharmacological inhibition of HIF-1 may improve clinical manifestations of diabetic nephropathy., (© 2016 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered.) more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in India: The All India Ophthalmological Society Diabetic Retinopathy Eye Screening Study 2014.
- Author
-
Gadkari SS, Maskati QB, and Nayak BK
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology, Diabetic Retinopathy diagnosis, Female, Humans, India epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Ophthalmology organization & administration, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Societies, Medical statistics & numerical data, Diabetic Retinopathy epidemiology
- Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to ascertain the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetic patients across the nation and attempt to establish history-based risk factors., Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of diabetic patients was conducted as an initiative of the All India Ophthalmological Society from 14th November to 21st November 2014. Known diabetics were evaluated voluntarily by members of the society at 194 centers using a structured protocol provided by the society for examination. The results were evaluated to ascertain the prevalence of DR in the population studied and to establish relation with gender, age, and history-based risk factors such as duration of diabetes, insulin use, and other end-organ disease using the Chi-square test., Results: A total of 6218 known diabetics were screened. Totally, 5130 data entry forms were considered suitable for further evaluation. About 61.2% were males, 88.6% were between 40 and 80 years of age, almost two-thirds of the patients were from the west and south zones, and over half had diabetes more than 5 years. The data set was predominantly urban 84.7% and 46.1% had no family history. DR prevalence in the entire data set was 21.7%. Prevalence was more in males (P = 0.007), diabetics more than 5 years (P = 0.001), those above 40 years (P = 0.01), insulin users (P = 0.001), and history of vascular accidents (P = 0.0014). Significantly 22.18% of patients detected with DR had a vision of 6/18 or better in the worse eye., Conclusion: The study reiterated the findings of earlier regional studies on a pan Indian scale and put data in perspective. more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.