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5. Geographic Information Systems in Spatial Epidemiology: Unveiling New Horizons in Dental Public Health

Author

Nayak, Prajna Pramod, Pai, Jagadeesha B, Singla, Nishu, Somayaji, Krishnaraj S, and Kalra, Dheeraj

Subjects
geographic information systems, Environmental health, spatial analysis, public health, medical topography, Review Article
Abstract

Objectives: Research on the role of environment and place in various aspects of dental public health using geographic information systems (GIS) is escalating rapidly. Yet, the understanding of GIS and the analytical tools that it offers are still vaguely understood. This narrative review therefore draws from the utilization of GIS in the dental public health research. Materials and Methods: Electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PUBMED, and Scopus were searched using terms “spatial epidemiology,” “GIS,” “geographic information systems,” “health geography,” “environment public health tracking,” “spatial distribution,” “disease mapping,” “geographic correlation studies,” “cartography,” “big data,” and “disease clustering” through December 2019. Results: This review builds upon the prospects of GIS application in various aspects of dental public health. Studies were classified as: (1) GIS for mapping of disease, population at risk, and risk factors; (2) GIS in geographic correlation studies; (3) GIS for gauging healthcare accessibility and spatial distribution of healthcare providers. We also identified the commonly used GIS analytical techniques in oral epidemiology. Conclusions: We anticipate that this review will spur advancement in the utilization of spatial analytical techniques and GIS in the dental public health research.

Published
2021

8. Interprofessional education – a case for Gerodontology training.

Author

Shigli, Kamal, Nayak, Sushma S, Sharma, Shimpa, Nayak, Veena, Nayak, Prajna Pramod, Kulkarni, Pradeep, and Manivasakan, Shivasakthy

Subjects
GERIATRICS, COMMUNICATION, INTERPROFESSIONAL relations, INTERDISCIPLINARY education
Abstract

Increasing life expectancy, concepts of patient well-being, and the multiplicity of needs of the geriatric population, demand contribution, and collaboration of physicians, dentists, psychologists, pharmacists, and other allied health disciplines, to provide quality care to patients. Interprofessional education (IPE) is an approach to education that improves collaboration among health professionals and it can aid in better management of geriatric patients. Communication and cooperation affect health care performance and hence, influence patient outcomes. Currently, each of the disciplines mentioned has customized undergraduate and/or postgraduate training in geriatric care. Though a uni-disciplinary educational approach increases knowledge and skills of individual professions separately, IPE offers significant advantages. IPE seeks to have students learning together, as well as from each other to develop exemplary collaborative practice. The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed that IPE will ensure optimum health care. However, IPE is yet to find its proper place in dental education. It would help dental students to develop a positive attitude toward geriatric patients and increase their empathy and efficiency in the management of these patients. This manuscript seeks to highlight the concept of interprofessional education (IPE) in gerodontology and develop recommendations for implementation of IPE in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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