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Simple Summary Biological collections are a valuable source of genetic information. Museomics in combination with morphological analysis is useful for systematic studies. Eriopis is a genus of ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) that lives in South America. This study presents Eriopis patagonia, a new species of ladybird beetle discovered with two old specimens collected in Patagonia at least 100 years ago and deposited in a natural history collection. DNA was extracted from the specimens by a non-destructive method, allowing the specimens to be preserved again. The total gDNA was sequenced using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies. The genetic information obtained allows us to reconstruct and describe its mitochondrial genome and examine its phylogenetic position. Abstract Natural history collections house an important source of genetic data from yet unexplored biological diversity. Molecular data from museum specimens remain underexploited, which is mainly due to the degradation of DNA from specimens over time. However, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology can now be used to sequence “old” specimens. Indeed, many of these specimens are unique samples of nomenclatural types and can be crucial for resolving systematic or biogeographic scientific questions. Two ladybird beetle specimens from Patagonia corresponding to a new species of the genus Eriopis Mulsant were found in the collections of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris. Here, we describe Eriopis patagonia Salazar, sp. nov. Total DNA of one of the two specimens was sequenced by NGS using a paired-end Illumina approach. We reconstruct and characterize the mitochondrial genome of this species (16,194 bp). Then, the protein-coding genes (PCGs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) were used to infer by maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference the phylogenetic position of E. patagonia among 27 representatives of Coccinellidae. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the position of Eriopis as sister group to Cycloneda Crotch. Hence, we highlight the high potential of sequencing technology for extracting molecular information from old specimens, which are used here for the systematic study of a genus, while demonstrating the importance of preserving biological collections.

International audience; This article presents an intriguing new cricket species of the tribe Xenogryllini discovered in Northern Malawi. This is the first case of mute and deaf species in the subfamily Eneopterinae; it shows no stridulatory apparatus on short male forewings and no tympana on either side of fore tibiae in both sexes. We introduce the new species and its complete mitogenome and assess phylogenetic relationships based on molecular data obtained from next-generation sequencing genome skimming method. Phylogenetic analyses place the new species within the genus Pseudolebinthus in Xenogryllini, as the sister species of Pseudolebinthus gorochovi Robillard. We describe Pseudolebinthus lunipterus sp. nov., provide illustrations of main morphology, male and female genitalia, photographs of living specimens and information about habitat and update the identification key for species of genus Pseudolebinthus. We discuss the differences between the new species and related taxa and the striking loss of acoustic communication in this cricket.

International audience; We assembled and annotated the first complete mitochondrial genome of a species from the subfamily Microweiseinae, Coccidophilus cariba Gordon, a predator of scale insect pest. The circular mitogenome consists of 15,343 bp in length, including 13 PCGs, 22 tRNA, and 2 rRNA genes, and exhibits the typical ladybird mitogenome structure. A phylogenetic analysis with the published mitogenomes of other 12 ladybirds is presented, which confirms the position of Microweiseinae as a sister group of Coccinellinae. The C. cariba mitogenome could be a useful source to future studies in the relationships inside the subfamily and the genus.

We assembled and annotated the first complete mitochondrial genome of a species from the subfamily Microweiseinae, Coccidophilus cariba Gordon, a predator of scale insect pest. The circular mitogenome consists of 15,343 bp in length, including 13 PCGs, 22 tRNA, and 2 rRNA genes, and exhibits the typical ladybird mitogenome structure. A phylogenetic analysis with the published mitogenomes of other 12 ladybirds is presented, which confirms the position of Microweiseinae as a sister group of Coccinellinae. The C. cariba mitogenome could be a useful source to future studies in the relationships inside the subfamily and the genus.

International audience; For a long time, New Caledonia was considered a continental island, a fragment of Gondwana harbouring old clades that originated by vicariance and so were thought to be locally ancient. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies dating diversification and geological data indicating important events of submergence during the Paleocene and Eocene (until 37 Ma) brought evidence to dismiss this old hypothesis. In spite of this, some authors still insist on the idea of a local permanence of a Gondwanan biota, justifying this assumption through a complex scenario of survival by hopping to and from nearby and now-vanished islands. Based on a comprehensive review of the literature, we found 40 studies dating regional clades of diverse organisms and we used them to test the hypothesis that New Caledonian and inclusive Pacific island clades are older than 37 Ma. The results of this meta-analysis provide strong evidence for refuting the hypothesis of a Gondwanan refuge with a biota that originated by vicariance. Only a few inclusive Pacific clades (6 out of 40) were older than the oldest existing island. We suggest that these clades could have extinct members either on vanished islands or nearby continents, emphasizing the role of dispersal and extinction in shaping the present-day biota. Island biology has spurred scientific innovation and has been crucial to the formulation of new paradigms since the early days of evolutionary biology 1-6. More recently, it stimulated a methodological discussion on molecular phylogenetic dating and the nature of biogeographical events 7-9. Central to this discussion is the case of large Gondwanan islands, such as Madagascar 10 , and some islands that are traditionally considered to be continental, but which are probably oceanic, such as New Zealand 11 and New Caledonia. The biogeographical paradigm for the origin of the New Caledonian biota has been profoundly revisited over the last ten years e.g. refs 12-15. The traditional perspective considers the main island Grande Terre (hereafter NC) to be a small piece of the Gondwanan continent that separated from Australia 80 million years ago. This view mainly relies on NC's old geological basement and the local occurrence of relicts 16-19. In fact, as summarized in recent reviews 13, 20 , geological studies have concluded that the island has a very complex sedimentary and tectonic history with several long episodes of submergence and a final emergence dated at 37 (±3) Ma 21-26. Despite the progressive accumulation of independent phylogenetic evidence for post-emergence colonization (reviewed in refs 13, 27 and 28), some authors are still reticent to adopt this new view, as epitomized by M. Heads 7. This author argued that i) molecular dating could be corrupted by poor calibrations and ii) lineages could be considered to be locally permanent if they hopped between neighbouring islands. Methodological as well as theoretical discussions in defence of molecular dating have been recently addressed 8, 9. We will not discuss here the ways of testing dating hypotheses, which is a rich and generally well-understood subject. The second statement refers to a less commonly broached topic which needs to be clearly formulated in order to be subjected to a more rigorous hypothesis testing. Island-hopping, there and back, is not equivalent to permanence on the same piece of land. It actually implies multiple short-distance dispersal events between nearby and temporary islands or other

Menochilus duodecimpunctatus (Fauvel) Cheilomenes duodecimpunctata Fauvel, 1866: 209. Chilomenes polynesiae Crotch, 1874: 181 ���synonymized by Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1982: 146. This species was described by Fauvel based on a single specimen from Lifou in 1867. It was described in the genus Chilomenes which was transferred to Menochilus by Pope (1988). The validity of this taxon is still challenged. Fauvel (1903) claimed to have sent the type specimen to Crotch, who supposedly redescribed the species under Chilomenes polynesiae. Iablokoff-Khnzorian (1982) examined the type specimen of C. polynesiae Crotch, 1874 (coll. Crotch, Cambridge University; type locality: Fiji) and considered it as a junor synonym of M. duodecimpunctatus. This specimen is obviously a female belonging to Menochilus, but the locality label did not match with Fauvel���s specimen, and therefore with the type specimen of M. duodecimpunctatus. As pointed out by Iablokoff-Khnzorian (1982), Fauvel���s type specimen has been lost. On Lifou Island, from where M. duodecimpunctatus was described, there is another common Menochilus, M. sexmaculatus. This taxon matches with Fauvel���s original description, but exhibits various color morphs. Based on this information and state of knowledge, we conclude that Menochilus duodecimpunctatus appears very doubtful and should be removed from the New Caledonian coccinellid checklist., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 322, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Fauvel, A. (1866) Catalogue des coleopteres de la Nouvelle Caledonie et dependances avec descriptions, notes et synonymies nouvelles. Bulletin de la Societe Linneenne de Normandie, 2, 172 - 290.","Crotch, G. R. (1874) A Revision of the Coleopterous Family Coccinellidae. E. W. Janson, London, xv + 311 pp.","Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1982) Les coccinelles, Coleopteres Coccinellidae. Tribu Coccinellini des regions Palearctiques et Orientale. Boubee, Paris, 568 pp.","Pope, R. D. (1988) A revision of the Australian Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part 1. Subfamily Coccinellinae. Invertebrate Systematics, 2, 633 - 735.","Fauvel, A. (1903) Faune analytique des Coleopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Revue d'Entomologie, 22, 203 - 379."]}

Henosepilachna blanchardi (Fauvel) Epilachna blanchardi Fauvel, 1862: 175. Henosepilachna blanchardi: Bielawski 1972: 560. Bielawski (1963, 1972) redescribed this endemic species. This taxon has been cited from Canala (east coast) and from the west coast (Noum��a to Kon��). There are no host plant records in the literature. Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Mt Rembai, 1921. i. 1977 (J. Balogh rec.) (ONNC). Literature records. NEW CALEDONIA: Noum��a, �� Kon�� (Delauney rec.) (coll. A. Fauvel in IRSNB); Kanala (coll. A. Fauvel in IRSNB) (Bielawski 1972)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 314, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Fauvel, A. (1862) Coleopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, recueillis par M. E. Deplanche, chirurgien de la marine imperiale (1858 - 59 - 60). Bulletin de la Societe Linneenne de Normandie, 7, 120 - 185.","Bielawski, R. (1972) The Epilachninae (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of New Caledonia. Bulletin de l'Academie polonaise des sciences. Serie des sciences biologiques, 20, 557 - 561.","Bielawski, R. (1963) Monographie der Epilachninae (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) der Australischen Region. Annales Zoologici, 21, 295 - 461."]}

Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant Cryptolaemus Montrousieri Mulsant, 1853: 268. Cryptolaemus simplex Blackburn, 1888: 1506 ���synonymized by Booth & Pope 1986: 708. Cryptolemus montrouzieri: Bielawski 1961: 2. Cryptolaemus montrouzieri is widespread in New Caledonia and adjacent islands. It was described from Woodlark Island by Mulsant from a specimen sent by Montrouzier, but its actual range encompasses the whole Australasian region, up to Sulawesi and several islands in the Pacific region (Vanuatu, Solomon, Fiji, Micronesia, Cook, Samoa, Wallis & Futuna, French Polynesia and Hawaii). It has been introduced for biocontrol control programs against scale and mealybug insects (Coccidae, Pseudococcidae), and is an occasional aphid (Aphididae) feeder, in North America (recorded from California, Florida, Indiana, Missouri), South Africa, south of Europe and Great Britain. It has also been recorded to feed on eggs from Spodoptera mauritia (Boisduval) in Hawaii (Leeper 1975). Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Bourail, Gouaro, 68m, 08.i. 2001 (S. Caz��res rec.) (CXMNC); Sarram��a, Col d'Amieu, 20.vi. 2008 (CXMNC); Boulouparis, Mont Do, 1029m, 07.xii. 2006 (J-P. Kataoui rec.) (CXMNC); I. Walpole, 1934 (E. Aubert de la R��e rec.) (MNHN); Environ de Noum��a, 1934 (E. Aubert de la Rue rec.) (MNHN); Noum��a, 15.xii. 1981 (R. Catala rec.) (MNHN); Monts Koghi, 15.xii. 1981 (R. Catala rec.) (MNHN); Noum��a, 4.i. 1951 (MNHN)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 318, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Mulsant, E. (1853) Supplement a la monographie des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales de la Societe linneenne de Lyon, 1, 129 - 333.","Booth, R. G. & Pope, R. D. (1986) A review of the genus Cryptolaemus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) with particular reference to the species resembling C. montrouzieri Mulsant. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 76, 701 - 717.","Bielawski, R. (1961) Materialien zur Kenntnis Coccinellidae (Col.) Melanesien's. Niponius, 1 (13), 1 - 9.","Leeper, J. R. (1975) A review of the Hawaiian Coccinellidae. Island Ecosystems, Integrated Research Program, Ecosystem Analysis Studies, International Biological Program (IBP) Reports, 53, 1 - 54."]}

Rodolia pronuba Chazeau Rodolia pronuba Chazeau, 1991: 157. Endemic to New Caledonia, this species is only known by the type specimen (from La Comboui Valley). It has been recorded feeding on ensign scale insects (Hemiptera: Ortheziidae). Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Vall��e de la Comboui, environs c��te, maquis haut 210m, xi. 1985 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 317, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980

Diomus notescens (Blackburn) Scymnus notescens Blackburn, 1888: 196. Diomus rusticus Weise, 1895: 145. Diomus notescens: Weise 1908: 13. This is the most widespread Diomus in Australia, where it has been reared on coccids from the genus Eriococcus (Slipinski 2007). In the last 30 years, it has been caught regularly on New Caledonian west coast (Port-Laguerre, Pa��ta County) and the Central Range (Mt Kaala) (Chazeau, pers. obs.). This ladybug is also recorded from New Zealand and has been deliberately introduced to Hawaii (Leeper 1975). This species appears as a recent migrant (natural spread or accidental introduction) in New Caledonia (Chazeau, pers. obs.). No biological data are available, except feeding habit on pseudococcids and aphids. Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Boulouparis, Mont Do, 21 �� 45 ' 26.75 ''S / 165 �� 59 ' 58.68 ������E / 920m, 22.xi. 2007 (S. Caz��res rec.) (CXMNC); Pouembout chez M. Soury-Lavergne, COL /ins/ 255 -14, 01.viii. 2014 (C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC); Boulouparis, Mont Do, 21.75394 ��S / 161.99994 ��E / 1029m, 06.x. 2004 (S. Caz��res & C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC); La Foa, Nili, 21.70408 ��S / 165.81785 ��E / 34m, 21.xi. 2010 (C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 313, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Slipinski, A. (2007) Australian Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Their Biology and Classification. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, xviii + 286 pp.","Leeper, J. R. (1975) A review of the Hawaiian Coccinellidae. Island Ecosystems, Integrated Research Program, Ecosystem Analysis Studies, International Biological Program (IBP) Reports, 53, 1 - 54."]}

Parastethorus histrio (Chazeau, Etienne and F��rsch) Stethorus incompletus Whitehead, 1967: 1564 ���synonymized by Chazeau 1979: 296 (nomen nudum). Stethorus histrio Chazeau, Etienne and F��rsch 1974: 269. There are some nomenclatural issues regarding name validity (whether the senior name is valid or a nomen nudum) which have been exposed by Houston (1990) and Chazeau (1979, 1995). Recorded from Australia, New Zealand, La R��union, Chile and Mexico, it is regularly collected from open areas including orchards and secondary shrubs. In New Caledonia, according to Chazeau (1979), this is a specialist feeder on Tetranychidae mites, such as Oligonychus thelytokus Gutierrez, Tetranychus neocaledonicus Andr�� and Schizotetranychus fauveli Gutierrez. Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Noum��a, 1973 (P. Cochereau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Trianon, 20.x. 1975 (J. Gutierrez rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Trianon, ix. 1976 (J. Gutierrez rec.) (MNHN); Noum��a, Ouen Toro, 23.vi. 1977 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Ouen Toro, 27.x. 1977 (J. Fainika rec.) (ONNC)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 320, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Whitehead, V. B. (1967) The Validity of the Higher Taxonomic Categories in the Tribe Scymnini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Ph. D. thesis, University of California, 312 pp.","Chazeau, J. (1979) Mise au point sur le genre Stethorus en oceanie et description de deux especes nouvelles de Melanesie [Col., Coccinellidae]. Entomophaga, 24, 295 - 303.","Chazeau, J., Etienne, J. & Fursch, H. (1974) Les Coccinellidae de l'ile de la Reunion (Insecta Coleoptera). Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Section A: Zoologie, 210, 265 - 297.","Houston, K. J. (1990) The New Zealand species of Stethorus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 17, 271 - 278.","Chazeau, J., Bonnet de Larborgne, L. & Guilbert, E. (1995) Complements a l'etude des Stethorini neo-caledoniens (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Revue francaise d'entomologie, 17, 121 - 124."]}

Stethorus silvestris Chazeau Stethorus silvestris Chazeau, 1995: 123. Endemic to New Caledonia, recorded from the west coast and southern part of Grande Terre, it has been collected in canopy of both rain forest on ultramafic soils (Rivi��re Bleue) and sclerophyllous forest (Mt Nondou��) (Chazeau et al. 1995). Mite prey items are unknown. Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Mt Nondou��, Pa��ta, 110 m, 28.iv. 1993 (J. Chazeau, E. Guilbert, L. Bonnet de Larbogne rec.) (MNHN)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 320, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Chazeau, J., Bonnet de Larborgne, L. & Guilbert, E. (1995) Complements a l'etude des Stethorini neo-caledoniens (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Revue francaise d'entomologie, 17, 121 - 124."]}

Orcus australasiae (Boisduval) Coccinella australasiae Boisduval, 1835: 593. Orcus australasiae var. quadrinotatus Lea 1902: 491. This species was quoted from New Caledonia by Korschefsky (1931). This Australian species, distinctive by its large size and coloration, has apparently never been collected from New Caledonia. Specimens from the Montrouzier collection had Sydney as locality (Laczynski & Tomaszewska 2009). We consider this record as an erroneous one and the species should be deleted from the New Caledonian checklist., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 323, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Boisduval, J. D. (1835) Voyage de Decouvertes de l'Astrolabe Execute par l'Ordre du Roi, Pendant les Annees 1826 - 1827 - 1828 - 1829, de M. Dumont d'Urville. Faune Entomologique de l'Ocean Pacifique, avec l'Illustration des Insectes Nouveaux Recueillis Pendant le Voyage. Deuxieme partie. Coleopteres et autres ordres. J. Tastu, Paris, vii + 716 pp.","Lea, A. M. (1902) Descriptions of new species of Australian Coleoptera. Part VI. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 26, 481 - 513.","Korschefsky, R. (1931) Pars 118: Coccinellidae I. In: Junk, W. (Ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus. W. Junk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 224.","Laczynski, P. & Tomaszewska, W. (2009) Revision of the genus Orcus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Chilocorini). Annales Zoologici, 59, 585 - 611."]}

Henosepilachna vigintisexpunctata (Boisduval) Coccinella vigintisexpunctata Boisduval, 1835: 590. Coccinella doryca Boisduval, 1835: 597 ���synonymized by Richards 1983: 25. Epilachna philippinensis Dieke, 1947: 40 ���synonymized by Richards 1983: 25. Henosepilachna sparsa vigintisexpunctata: Bielawski 1972: 557. Henosepilachna vigintisexpunctata: Jadwiszczak & Wegrzynowicz 2003: 180. This is an agricultural and horticultural pest species, widely distributed on both coasts in New Caledonia, where it has spread via roadways into valleys in the Central Range. There are still nomenclatural issues with this taxon (Li 1993). Host plants are Solanaceae, including cultivated, weedy and wild species. This phytophagous ladybug has been recorded from Australia, Papua New Guinea (including New Britain and New Ireland), Solomon Islands, Fiji Islands, Samoa, Philippines and Vietnam. Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Bourail, Belv��d��re de la Roche Perc��e, 23.vii. 1988 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Canala, 23.viii. 1977 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Canala, vi. 1979 (F. Kohler rec.) (ONNC); Col de la Pirogue, 18.vi. 1987 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Col de Temala, 20.ix. 1988 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Kaavatch, 11.v. 1979 (B. Sall��e rec.) (ONNC); Ile Walpole, 1115. viii. 1988 (A. Renevier rec.) (ONNC); La Crouen, xi. 1983 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Mt Oua Tilou (Voh), 510m, for��t s��che sur ultrabasique, x. 1988 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Anse Vata (IF0), ix. 1964 (ONNC); Noum��a, 26.iv. 1966 (P. Cochereau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, 10.xii. 1967 (P. Cochereau rec.) (ONNC); Poindimi��, x. 1988 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Port-Laguerre (environs), 29.i. 1978 (A. Delobel rec.) (ONNC); Port-Laguerre, 1824. iii. 1977 (A. Delobel rec.) (ONNC); Sarram��a, S��questre japonais, 22.ii. 1977 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Sarram��a, S��questre japonais, 29.x. 1988 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Port-Laguerre (environs), 29.i. 1978 (A. Delobel rec.) (ONNC); St Gabriel (Yat��), 0200m, xi. 1986 (N.L.H. Krauss rec.) (ONNC); Tao (J. Enwood), 15.xii. 1983 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Tontouta, 16.v. 1975 (J. Gutierrez rec.) (ONNC); Vall��e de la Karaka (Col de Nassirah), 12.v. 1988 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Vall��e de la Hiengh��ne, 21.iii. 1983 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Moindou, Tangui, 12.x. 2006 (R-M. M'Boueri rec.) (CXMNC); La Foa, M��ar��, 21 �� 42 ' 52.57 "S / 165 �� 51 '03.31������E / 24m, 16.i. 2007 (R-M. M'Boueri rec.) (CXMNC); La Foa, Pocquereux, 21 �� 44 ���S / 165 �� 54 ���E / 28m, 07.viii. 2001 (J. Brinon rec.) (CXMNC); La Foa, Pocquereux, 21 �� 44 ���S / 165 �� 54 ���E / 28m, 10.viii. 2001 (J. Brinon rec.) (CXMNC); La Foa, Pocquereux, 21 �� 44 ���S / 165 �� 54 ���E / 28m, 05.vi. 2001 (J. Brinon rec.) (CXMNC); La Foa, Pocquereux, 21 �� 44 ���S / 165 �� 54 ���E / 28m, 20 /iv. 2001 (J. Brinon rec.) (CXMNC); La Foa, 21 �� 43 ���S / 165 �� 49 ���E, 21.i. 1998 (J. & J. Chiffaud rec.) (CXMNC); Bourail, Gouaro, 21.58113 ��S / 165.42045 ��E / 68m, 14.iii. 1998 (S. Caz��res rec.) (CXMNC); Mar��, 28.xi. 2002 (C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC); Ouv��a, T��outa-ounes, COL /ins/ 87 -14, 20�� 24 ' 40 ''S / 166 �� 36 ' 20 ''E, 14.iii. 2014 (C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC); Pouembout chez M. Soury-Lavergne, COL /ins/ 254 -14, 01.viii. 2014 (C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC); Pouembout chez M. Soury- Lavergne, 11.vii. 2013 (C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC); Thio, tribu de Koua, COL /ins/ 28 -14, 18.iii. 2013 (R-M. M'Boueri rec.) (CXMNC); La Foa, Nili, 21.70408 ��S / 165.81785 ��E / 34m, 14.xii. 2008 (C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC); Boulouparis, Ouenghi, 21 �� 53 ' 51.61 "S / 166 ��06' 49.62 ������E / 7m, 10.ii. 2012 (C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC); Pouembout, 19.iv. 2012 (C. Mille rec.) (CXMNC)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 315, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Boisduval, J. D. (1835) Voyage de Decouvertes de l'Astrolabe Execute par l'Ordre du Roi, Pendant les Annees 1826 - 1827 - 1828 - 1829, de M. Dumont d'Urville. Faune Entomologique de l'Ocean Pacifique, avec l'Illustration des Insectes Nouveaux Recueillis Pendant le Voyage. Deuxieme partie. Coleopteres et autres ordres. J. Tastu, Paris, vii + 716 pp.","Richards, A. M. (1983) The Epilachna vigintioctopunctata complex (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). International Journal of Entomology, 25, 11 - 41.","Dieke, G. H. (1947) Ladybeetles of the genus Epilachna (sens. lat.) in Asia, Europe, and Australia. Smithsonian miscellaneous collections, 106, 1 - 183.","Bielawski, R. (1972) The Epilachninae (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of New Caledonia. Bulletin de l'Academie polonaise des sciences. Serie des sciences biologiques, 20, 557 - 561.","Jadwiszczak, A. S. & Wegrzynowicz, P. (2003) World catalogue of Coccinellidae Part I - Epilachninae. Mantis, Olsztyn, 264 pp.","Li, C. S. (1993) Review of the Australian Epilachninae (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Australian Journal of Entomology, 32, 209 - 224."]}

Chilocorus nigrita (Fabricius) Coccinella nigrita Fabricius, 1798: 79. Chilocorus nigritus: Mulsant 1850: 463. Chilocorus nigrita: Booth 1998: 362. This species was recorded as an introduction during the early 1980 s (Chazeau 1981 b), and further spread across New Caledonia. It is now widespread from west coast of the Grande Terre and Loyalty Islands (Chazeau, pers. obs.). Its arrival appears to be a probable self-introduction from Vanuatu, where this species is widespread (Chazeau 1981 b). It is a diaspid predator, especially Aspidiotini on coconut trees (Chazeau 1981 b; Omkar & Pervez 2003; Ponsonby 2009). This is a widespread and largely promoted species for biocontrol programs of Aspidiotus destructor Signoret (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), especially in coconut palm plantations (Omkar & Pervez 2003). It is widely distributed from India to Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Madagascar, La R��union, Mauritius, Seychelles, Chagos Islands, Malaysia, Indonesia, Oman, Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Brazil; but also in the Pacific: Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Fiji Islands, Kiribati, Tuvalu, Samoa, French Polynesia and Hawaii (Booth 1998; Chazeau 1983). Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Bouloupari, 20.iv. 1988 (Brizard rec.) (ONNC); Bouloupari, 20.iv. 1988 (Brizard rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Vallon du Gaz, 11.iv. 1981 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Baie de la Moselle, 20.vi. 1987 (ONNC); Pou��bo (around), 23.xi. 1987 (J.P. Morin rec.) (ONNC); Bourak��, 17.viii. 2008 (H. Jourdan rec.) (ONNC)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on pages 302-303, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1798) Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafniae, iv + 572 pp.","Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des coleopteres trimeres securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, 2, XV - 1104.","Booth, R. G. (1998) A review of the species resembling Chilocorus nigrita (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): potential agents for biological control. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 88, 361 - 367.","Chazeau, J. (1981 b) La lutte biologique contre la cochenille transparente du cocotier Temnaspidiotus destructor (Signoret) aux Nouvelles-Hebrides (Homoptere Diaspididae). Cahiers ORSTOM. Serie Biologie: Phytopathologie et Zoologie Appliquee, 44, 11 - 22.","Omkar, O. & Pervez, A. (2003) Ecology and biocontrol potential of a scale-predator, Chilocorus nigritus. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 13, 379 - 390.","Ponsonby, D. J. (2009) Factors affecting utility of Chilocorus nigritus (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) as a biocontrol agent. CAB Reviews: Perspectives in Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources, 4, 1 - 20.","Chazeau, J. (1983) The biogeography of Coccinellidae in the Pacific area. GeoJournal, 7, 527 - 532."]}

Rhyzobius nigripennis Fauvel Rhizobius nigripennis Fauvel, 1903: 322. Rhyzobius nigripennis Bielawski 1973: 387. This is an endemic species which was first documented by two specimens from Noum��a (Fauvel Collection in IRSNB in Brussels). This taxon was subsequently reviewed by Bielawski (1973) and Tomaszewska (2010). This last author identified it from numerous localities all over New Caledonia, mostly from rain forest areas, on both ultramafic (Mt Do, Canala) and non-ultramafic soils (Mt Aoupini��, Mts Koghi, Thoven) on both the east and west coasts, but also from maquis shrubland in the South (Chutes de la Madeleine, Col de Mouirange). From field observations, we documented this Rhyzobius as a predator of diaspidids belonging to the genera Pinnaspis and Aspidiotus. Literature records. NEW CALEDONIA: Noum��a, Bougier (A. Fauvel rec.) (ISNB); Aoupini��, road to summit, 780-820 m, 21.11 ��S, 16.17 ��E, 8.ii. 2004 (M. Wanat rec.) (ANIC); Aoupini��, meteo st.���summit, 950-1000 m, 21.11 ��S, 165.16 ��E, 8.ii. 2004 (M. Wanat rec.) (ANIC); Aoupinie, road to sawmill, 420-530 m, 21.09 ��S, 165.19 ��E, 7.ii. 2004 (M. Wanat rec.) (ANIC); Kavatch, near Hiengh��ne, 150 m, 28.x. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (NZAC); Mt. Rembai, 800 m, 17.x. 1978 (J.C. Watt rec.) (NZAC); Col de Mouirande, 11.x. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (NZAC); Mt. Do, 900-1000 m, 31.x. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (NZAC); Mts Koghi, base 300 m, 22.11 ��S, 166.30 ��E, 13.ii. 2004 (M. Wanat rec.) (ANIC); Chute de la Madeleine maquis, 270m, 22.14 ��S, 166.52 ��E, 13.ii. 2004 (M. Wanat rec.) (MIZ); Thoven near Tiendanite forest, 450 m, 20.47 ��S, 164.53 ��E, 5.ii. 2004 (M. Wanat rec.) (ANIC); Mt Koghis, 500m, 7.x. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (MIZ); Table Unio, 550-1000 m, 16.x. 1978 (J.C. Watt rec.) (MIZ); Canala, 1.vii. 1914 (P.D. Montague rec.) (NHM); Houa��lou, 30.x. 1914 (P.D. Montague rec.) (NHM)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 312, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Fauvel, A. (1903) Faune analytique des Coleopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Revue d'Entomologie, 22, 203 - 379.","Bielawski, R. (1973) Rhyzobiini, Stethorini, Scymnini et Pharini (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) de Nouvelle Caledonie. Annales Zoologici, 30, 387 - 409.","Tomaszewska, W. (2010) Rhyzobius Stephens, 1829 (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), a revision of the world species. Fauna Mundi, Vol. 2, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, 475 pp."]}

Stethorus vagans (Blackburn) Scymnus vagans Blackburn, 1892: 248. Stethorus vagans: Weise 1908: 13. This ladybug is widespread in open areas, from secondary shrubs to agricultural lands (orchards, gardens). It has been recorded from Australia including Tasmania, and Vanuatu. Predation has been recorded by Chazeau (1979) on several Tetranychidae mites: Bryobia pretiosa Koch, Oligonychus thelytokus Gutierrez, Tetranychus lambi Prittchard & Baker, T. marianae McGregor, T. neocaledonicus Andr��, T. urticae Koch. A female specimen was falsely assigned by Bielawski (1973) to S. bifidus Kapur. This was corrected by Chazeau (1979). Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Noum��a, x. 1966 (P. Cochereau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Trianon, 29.v. 1975 (J. Gutierrez rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Anse Vata, 1.iv. 1977 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Anse Vata, 4.vi. 1977 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Anse Vata, 15.v. 1978 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Ouen Toro, 23.vi. 1977 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Baie de l'Orphelinat, 1.iii.1977, 9.v. 1978 (J. Gutierrez rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, 9.v. 1978 (J. Gutierrez rec.) (ONNC)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 321, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Blackburn, T. (1892) Further notes on Australian Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 15, 207 - 261.","Chazeau, J. (1979) Mise au point sur le genre Stethorus en oceanie et description de deux especes nouvelles de Melanesie [Col., Coccinellidae]. Entomophaga, 24, 295 - 303.","Bielawski, R. (1973) Rhyzobiini, Stethorini, Scymnini et Pharini (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) de Nouvelle Caledonie. Annales Zoologici, 30, 387 - 409."]}

Sticholotis ruficeps Weise Sticholotis ruficeps Weise, 1902: 511. Sticholotis madagassa Weise, 1909: 124 ���synonymized by Escalona & Ślipiński 2010: 310. Sticholotis punctatus Fullaway, 1920: 243 ���synonymized by Leeper 1975: 47 (misidentification). Mesopilo soufrierensis Duverger, 2001: 96 ���synonymized by Escalona & Ślipiński 2010: 310. This species was originally described from Malaysia. It was collected for the first time in Noum��a during 1966 (Bielawski 1973). It appears to have been an accidental introduction. Since then, it has been recorded from various localities from both the east and west coasts (Escalona & Slipinski 2010). It is a species that has been used as a biocontrol agent against scale and mealybug insects (Diaspididae, Eriococcidae, Pseudococcidae) in Hawaii, Cook Islands, Florida and India. It is also widely recorded from Japan, China, Micronesia, Indonesia, Singapore, Vietnam, Seychelles, La R��union, Madagascar and Guadeloupe Island. Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Noum��a, IFO, vi. 1966 (P. Cochereau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, viii. 1966 (P. Cochereau rec.) (ONNC); Noum��a, Trianon, xi. 1967 (P. Cochereau rec.) (ONNC); Port-Laguerre, iiiv. 1977 (A. Delobel rec.) (ONNC)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 321, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Weise, J. (1902) Coccinelliden aus der Sammlung des Ungarischen National-Museums. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek, 25, 489 - 520.","Weise, J. (1909) Hispinen und Coccinelliden aus Madagaskar. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte Band I, 75, 111 - 125.","Escalona, H. E. & Slipinski, A. (2010) Sticholotis ruficeps Weise: new synonymies and description of its mature larva (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Sticholotidini). Annales Zoologici, 60, 309 - 318.","Fullaway, D. T. (1920) Natural Control of Scale Insects in Hawaii. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 4, 237 - 246.","Leeper, J. R. (1975) A review of the Hawaiian Coccinellidae. Island Ecosystems, Integrated Research Program, Ecosystem Analysis Studies, International Biological Program (IBP) Reports, 53, 1 - 54.","Duverger, C. H. (2001) Un nouveau genre et une nouvelle espece de Sticholotidinae (Coleoptere Coccinellidae) pour les Caraibes. Bulletin de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux, 29, 95 - 97.","Bielawski, R. (1973) Rhyzobiini, Stethorini, Scymnini et Pharini (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) de Nouvelle Caledonie. Annales Zoologici, 30, 387 - 409."]}

Nephus rufidorsis (Fauvel) Scymnus rufidorsis Fauvel, 1903: 323. Scymnus (Nephus) rufidorsis: Bielawski 1973: 404. Endemic to New Caledonia, this species is only known from the type specimen (Noum��a). No information is available on their biology and ecology., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 319, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Fauvel, A. (1903) Faune analytique des Coleopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Revue d'Entomologie, 22, 203 - 379.","Bielawski, R. (1973) Rhyzobiini, Stethorini, Scymnini et Pharini (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) de Nouvelle Caledonie. Annales Zoologici, 30, 387 - 409."]}

EPILACHNINI Mulsant, 1846 This tribe is diverse and numerous in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Epilachnini are phytophagous ladybugs. Taxonomy of this tribe is complex and controversial. There is still debate between authors on the validity of Henosepilachna Li, 1961, and its possible synonymy with Epilachna Chevrolat in Dejean, 1836. But recent molecular phylogenetic analysis of Epilachnini from both genera confirmed that they belong to distinct groups (Kobayashi et al. 2009; Szawaryn et al. 2015). Our present note does not intend to resolve this nomenclatural question. So we follow the nomenclatural decisions of Bielawski (1972) regarding New Caledonian Epilachnini., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 313, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Mulsant, E. (1846) Histoire naturelle des Coleopteres de France. Sulcicolles-Securipalpes. Maison, Paris, 280 pp.","Li, C. S. & Cook, E. F. (1961) The Epilachninae of Taiwan (Col.: Coccinellidae). Pacific Insects, Honolulu, 3, 31 - 91.","Kobayashi, N., Ohta, Y., Katoh, T., Kahono, S., Hartini, S. & Katakura, H. (2009) Molecular phylogenetic analysis of three groups of Asian epilachnine ladybird beetles recognized by the female internal reproductive organs and modes of sperm transfer. Journal of Natural History, 43, 1637 - 1649.","Szawaryn, K., Bocak, L., Slipinski, A., Escalona, H. E. & Tomaszewska, W. (2015) Phylogeny and evolution of phytophagous ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini), with recognition of new genera. Systematic Entomology, 40, 547 - 569.","Bielawski, R. (1972) The Epilachninae (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of New Caledonia. Bulletin de l'Academie polonaise des sciences. Serie des sciences biologiques, 20, 557 - 561."]}

Harmonia conformis (Boisduval) Coccinella conformis Boisduval, 1835: 604. Leis conformis: Mulsant 1850: 261. Harmonia conformis: Timberlake 1943: 17. This species appears to be an erroneous record from New Caledonia. Fauvel (1903) did not consider this species in his New Caledonian faunal synopsis, where he stated that the specimen from Deplanche (Fauvel 1862) seems to have been collected from Sydney. None of us have collected any specimen from either Grande Terre or the Loyalty Islands., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 322, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Boisduval, J. D. (1835) Voyage de Decouvertes de l'Astrolabe Execute par l'Ordre du Roi, Pendant les Annees 1826 - 1827 - 1828 - 1829, de M. Dumont d'Urville. Faune Entomologique de l'Ocean Pacifique, avec l'Illustration des Insectes Nouveaux Recueillis Pendant le Voyage. Deuxieme partie. Coleopteres et autres ordres. J. Tastu, Paris, vii + 716 pp.","Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des coleopteres trimeres securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, 2, XV - 1104.","Timberlake, P. H. (1943) The Coccinellidae or Ladybeetles of the Koebele Collection. Part 1. Hawaiian Sugar Planter's Association, Honolulu, 67 pp.","Fauvel, A. (1903) Faune analytique des Coleopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Revue d'Entomologie, 22, 203 - 379.","Fauvel, A. (1862) Coleopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, recueillis par M. E. Deplanche, chirurgien de la marine imperiale (1858 - 59 - 60). Bulletin de la Societe Linneenne de Normandie, 7, 120 - 185."]}

Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) Coccinella sexmaculata Fabricius, 1781: 96. Coccinella quadriplagiata Sch��nherr, 1808: 195 ���synonymized by Nakane & Araki 1959: 50. Cheilomenes sexmaculata: Dejean 1833: 435. Orcus mollipes Oliff, 1895: 30 ���synonymized by Pope 1988: 646. Chilomenes hiugaensis Takizawa, 1917: 221 ���synonymized by Sasaji 1971: 285. Menochilus sexmaculatus: Timberlake 1943: 40. In New Caledonia, it is known from Loyalty Islands (Lifou, Mar��) and a few localities on Grande Terre, where it has been recorded from Tao area (northeast coast). It is a widespread species from India to Japan, Western Australia and also Lord Howe and was introduced in North America. This is a beneficial ladybug, known to have a prey range of various aphids (Agarwala & Yasuda 2000; Gautam 1989; Veeravel & Baskaran 1997), a few coccids, a psyllid and a Lepidoptera (Chilozonellus) (Agarwala et al. 2001). According to its diet preferences and wide distribution, we consider it an introduced species in New Caledonia. Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Iles Loyaut��, Mar�� (ONNC); Iles Loyaut��, Lifou (ONNC); Tao, 29.xi. 1986 (J. Chazeau rec.) (ONNC)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 308, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1781) Species Insectorum; Exhibentes Eorum Differentias Specificas, Synonyma, Auctorum, Loca Natalia, Metamorphosin Ediectis Observationibus, Descriptionibus. Vol. 1. Carol. Ernest. Bohnii, Hamburgi & Kilonii, VIII + 552 pp.","Schonherr, C. J. (1808) Synonymia Insectorum, oder: Versuch einer Synonymie Aller bisher bekannten Insecten, nach Fabricii Systema Eleutheratorum & c. geordnet. Erster Band. Eleutherata oder Kafer. Zweiter Theil. Spercheus. Cryptocephalus. Marquard, Stockholm, ix + 424 pp.","Nakane, T. & Araki, M. (1959) Entomological results from the scientific survey of the Tokara Islands. VI. Coleoptera: Coccinellidae. Scientific Reports of Kyoto Prefectural University (Natural and Living Science) A, 3, 45 - 52.","Dejean, P. F. (1833) Catalogue des Coleopteres de la Collection de M. Le Comte Dejean. Mequignon-Marvis Pere et Fils, Paris, xiv`+ 503 pp.","Oliff, S. (1895) Entomological notes-a new friendly ladybird. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales, 6, 30 - 31.","Pope, R. D. (1988) A revision of the Australian Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part 1. Subfamily Coccinellinae. Invertebrate Systematics, 2, 633 - 735.","Takizawa, M. (1917) Some new species of Coccinellidae in Japan. I. Transactions of the Sapporo Natural History Society, 6, 220 - 224.","Sasaji, H. (1971) Fauna Japonica. Coccinellidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). Academic Press of Japan, Location, 340 pp.","Timberlake, P. H. (1943) The Coccinellidae or Ladybeetles of the Koebele Collection. Part 1. Hawaiian Sugar Planter's Association, Honolulu, 67 pp.","Agarwala, B. K. & Yasuda, H. (2000) Competitive ability of ladybird predators of aphids: a review of Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) with a worldwide checklist of prey. Journal of Aphidology, 14, 1 - 20.","Gautam, R. D. (1989) Influence of different hosts on the adults of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Journal of Biological Control, 3, 90 - 92.","Veeravel, R. & Baskaran, P. (1997) Functional and numerical responses of Coccinella transversalis Fab. and Cheilomenes sexmaculatus Fab. feeding on the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glov. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 17, 335 - 339.","Agarwala, B. K., Bardhanroy, P., Yasuda, H. & Takizawa, T. (2001) Prey consumption and oviposition of the aphidophagous predator Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in relation to prey density and adult size. Environmental Entomology, 30, 1182 - 1187."]}

Rhyzobius bielawskii Tomaszewska Rhyzobius bielawskii Tomaszewska, 2010: 71. Close morphologically to R. nigripennis Fauvel, it is easily distinguished by its smaller size and lack of spurs on the tibiae (Tomaszewska 2010). This endemic species has been recorded from various localities in New Caledonia along the Central Range from north to south of Grande Terre (Tomaszewska 2010), especially at high altitude (Mont Mou, Mont Do, Plateau de Dogny, Mont Pani��). It has been recorded from both ultramafic and nonultramafic soils. Its biology is unknown, but it may be predaceous against coccids according to diet preference recorded for other Rhyzobius (Tomaszewska 2010). Literature records. NEW CALEDONIA: Mt. Rembai, 700m, 18.x. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (MIZ); Mt. Rembai, 700m, 20.x. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (NZAC); Mt. Mou, 700m, 2.xi. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (NZAC); Mt. Do, 1000m, 31.x. 1978 (J.C. Watt rec.) (NZAC); Mt. Do, 900-1030 m, 22.x. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (MIZ); Mt. Do, 900-1000 m, 31.x. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (NZAC); Col des Roussettes, 400m, 26.x. 1978 (G. Kuschel rec.) (NZAC); Plateau de Dogny, 450 m, 10.iv. 1973 (J.L. Gressit rec.) (BPBM); Col d���Amieu (1 km W of), 400 m, 21.37 S, 165.49 E, 10.ii. 2004 (M. Wanat rec.) (ANIC & MIZ); Mts Koghi, 500-550 m, 22.11 S, 166.30 E, 21.i. 2004 (M. Wanat rec.) (ANIC); Mont Pani��, near refuge hut, 1300m, 20.33 S, 164.46 E, 2.ii. 2004 (M. Wanat rec.) (ANIC) (Tomaszewska 2010)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 311, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Tomaszewska, W. (2010) Rhyzobius Stephens, 1829 (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), a revision of the world species. Fauna Mundi, Vol. 2, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, 475 pp."]}

SCYMNINI Mulsant, 1846 The biology of most New Caledonian ladybugs recorded from this tribe is unknown. They are all considered to be aphid specialists or scale insect feeders, and have potential as important biocontrol agents.

Curinus coeruleus (Mulsant) Orcus coeruleus Mulsant, 1850: 472. Curinus coeruleus: Crotch 1874: 190. This coccinellid has been introduced twice, once in 1991 and again in 1992, in various localities on the west coast of New Caledonia (Noum��a, Pa��ta, Bouloupari, Koumac), in an attempted classical biological control program against the invasive psyllid Heteropsylla cubana. The introduced population came from Thailand (Chazeau et al. 1992). The natural range encompasses Central and South America (Mexico, Guatemala, Brazil, Chile, and Cuba) and it is also recorded from Hawaii, Indonesia and Thailand following introductions for biocontrol. Further postrelease evaluations failed to document the establishment of this species in the wild (Gatimel 2005). We conclude that it is not established, because of unsuitable climatic conditions., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on pages 321-322, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des coleopteres trimeres securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, 2, XV - 1104.","Crotch, G. R. (1874) A Revision of the Coleopterous Family Coccinellidae. E. W. Janson, London, xv + 311 pp.","Chazeau, J., Capart, I. & Bonnet de Larbogne, L. (1992) Biological control of the Leucaena psyllid in New Caledonia: the introduction of Curinus coeruleus (Coccinellidae). Leucaena Research Reports, 13, 59 - 61.","Gatimel, B. (2005) Inventaire critique et perspectives des introductions d'especes realisees a des fins de lutte biologique en Nouvelle-Caledonie: applications aux cas de la mineuse des agrumes (Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton) et du psylle du fauxmimosa (Heteropsylla cubana Crawford). Master of Science (MSc), Ecology & Biodiversity Management, Universite Montpellier 2, 30 pp."]}

Diomus sexualis (Fauvel) Scymnus sexualis Fauvel, 1903: 323. Scymnus (Diomus) sexualis: Bielawski 1973: 399. Described by Fauvel (1903), this endemic species was reviewed by Bielawski (1973). It is only known from southern New Caledonia (Noum��a, Mont-Dore, Saint-Louis area). No information is available on its biology and trophic preferences. Material examined. NEW CALEDONIA: Noum��a (Delauney rec.) (MNHN)., Published as part of Nattier, Romain, Jourdan, Herv��, Mille, Christian & Chazeau, Jean, 2015, An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) from New Caledonia, pp. 301-331 in Zootaxa 4058 (3) on page 313, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236980, {"references":["Fauvel, A. (1903) Faune analytique des Coleopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Revue d'Entomologie, 22, 203 - 379.","Bielawski, R. (1973) Rhyzobiini, Stethorini, Scymnini et Pharini (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) de Nouvelle Caledonie. Annales Zoologici, 30, 387 - 409."]}