Author: "National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary)" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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205 results on '"National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary)"'

1. Changes in Plaque Characteristics After Short-term Statin Therapy As Assessed with Coronary CT (INTENSE)

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungary and Prof. Maurovich-Horvat Pál, Head of Clinic for Medical Imaging
Published: 2024

2. The Anti-inflammatory Effects of Harkány Medicinal Water

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungary and Harkány Spa Hospital, Hungary
Published: 2020

3. A kinetic finite volume discretization of the multidimensional PIDE model for gene regulatory networks

Author: Xunta de Galicia, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72], Vághy, Mihály A., Otero-Muras, Irene, Pájaro, Manuel, Szederkényi, Gábor, Xunta de Galicia, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72], Vághy, Mihály A., Otero-Muras, Irene, Pájaro, Manuel, and Szederkényi, Gábor
Abstract: In this paper, a finite volume discretization scheme for partial integro-differential equations (PIDEs) describing the temporal evolution of protein distribution in gene regulatory networks is proposed. It is shown that the obtained set of ODEs can be formally represented as a compartmental kinetic system with a strongly connected reaction graph. This allows the application of the theory of nonnegative and compartmental systems for the qualitative analysis of the approximating dynamics. In this framework, it is straightforward to show the existence, uniqueness and stability of equilibria. Moreover, the computation of the stationary probability distribution can be traced back to the solution of linear equations. The discretization scheme is presented for one and multiple dimensional models separately. Illustrative computational examples show the precision of the approach, and good agreement with previous results in the literature.
Published: 2024

4. The CMS Fast Beam Condition Monitor for HL-LHC

Author: European Organization for Nuclear Research, German Research Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Helmholtz Association, National Science Foundation (US), Department of Energy (US), Auzinger, Georg, Delannoy, Andres G., Gómez, Gervasio, Karacheban, Olena, Pásztor, Gabriella, European Organization for Nuclear Research, German Research Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Helmholtz Association, National Science Foundation (US), Department of Energy (US), Auzinger, Georg, Delannoy, Andres G., Gómez, Gervasio, Karacheban, Olena, and Pásztor, Gabriella
Abstract: The high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC brings unprecedented requirements for real-time and precision bunch-by-bunch online luminosity measurement and beam-induced background monitoring. A key component of the CMS Beam Radiation, Instrumentation and Luminosity system is a stand-alone luminometer, the Fast Beam Condition Monitor (FBCM), which is fully independent from the CMS central trigger and data acquisition services and able to operate at all times with a triggerless readout. FBCM utilizes a dedicated front-end application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to amplify the signals from CO2-cooled silicon-pad sensors with a timing resolution of a few nanoseconds, which enables the measurement of the beam-induced background. FBCM uses a modular design with two half-disks of twelve modules at each end of CMS, with four service modules placed close to the outer edge to reduce radiation-induced aging. The electronics system design adapts several components from the CMS Tracker for power, control and read-out functionalities. The dedicated FBCM23 ASIC contains six channels and adjustable shaping time to optimize the noise with regards to sensor leakage current. Each ASIC channel outputs a single binary high-speed asynchronous signal carrying time-of-arrival and time-over-threshold information. The chip output signal is digitized, encoded, and sent via a radiation-hard gigabit transceiver and an optical link to the back-end electronics for analysis. This paper reports on the updated design of the FBCM detector and the ongoing testing program.
Published: 2024

5. Incidence of the Brownian Relaxation Process on the Magnetic Properties of Ferrofluids

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Vajtai, Lili, Nemes, N. M., Morales, M. P., Molnár, Kolos, Pinke, Balázs Gábor, Simon, Ferenc, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Vajtai, Lili, Nemes, N. M., Morales, M. P., Molnár, Kolos, Pinke, Balázs Gábor, and Simon, Ferenc
Abstract: Ferrofluids containing magnetic nanoparticles represent a special class of magnetic materials due to the added freedom of particle tumbling in the fluids. We studied this process, known as Brownian relaxation, and its effect on the magnetic properties of ferrofluids with controlled magnetite nanoparticle sizes. For small nanoparticles (below 10 nm diameter), the Néel process is expected to dominate the magnetic response, whereas for larger particles, Brownian relaxation becomes important. Temperature- and magnetic-field-dependent magnetization studies, differential scanning calorimetry, and AC susceptibility measurements were carried out for 6 and 13.5 nm diameter magnetite nanoparticles suspended in water. We identify clear fingerprints of Brownian relaxation for the sample of large-diameter nanoparticles as both magnetic and thermal hysteresis develop at the water freezing temperature, whereas the samples of small-diameter nanoparticles remain hysteresis-free down to the magnetic blocking temperature. This is supported by the temperature-dependent AC susceptibility measurements: above 273 K, the data show a low-frequency Debye peak, which is characteristic of Brownian relaxation. This peak vanishes below 273 K.
Published: 2024

6. Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands

Author: European Commission, Generalitat Valenciana, Hermon Slade Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Asia Foundation, Northern Arizona University, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Ministerio de Universidades (España), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Alcántara, Julio M. [0000-0002-8003-7844], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Davila, Yvonne C. [0000-0002-5144-5742], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], von Heßberg, Andreas [0009-0007-0303-3624], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, O., Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Sáiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Tielbörger, Katja, Torres Robles, Silvia, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Gozalo, Beatriz, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Yuanming, Zhang, Zhou, Xiaobing, Maestre, Fernando T., Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza de Carlos, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, L. H., Gaitán, Juan J., Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hölzel, Norbert, Mendes Hughes, Frederic, Jadán, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Low, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, Ana, Rey, P.J., Reyes Gómez, Víctor Manuel, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., Le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., European Commission, Generalitat Valenciana, Hermon Slade Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Asia Foundation, Northern Arizona University, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Ministerio de Universidades (España), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Alcántara, Julio M. [0000-0002-8003-7844], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Davila, Yvonne C. [0000-0002-5144-5742], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], von Heßberg, Andreas [0009-0007-0303-3624], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, O., Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Sáiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Tielbörger, Katja, Torres Robles, Silvia, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Gozalo, Beatriz, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Yuanming, Zhang, Zhou, Xiaobing, Maestre, Fernando T., Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza de Carlos, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, L. H., Gaitán, Juan J., Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hölzel, Norbert, Mendes Hughes, Frederic, Jadán, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Low, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, Ana, Rey, P.J., Reyes Gómez, Víctor Manuel, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., Le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, and Stephens, Colton R. A.
Abstract: Perennial plants create productive and biodiverse hotspots, known as fertile islands, beneath their canopies. These hotspots largely determine the structure and functioning of drylands worldwide. Despite their ubiquity, the factors controlling fertile islands under conditions of contrasting grazing by livestock, the most prevalent land use in drylands, remain virtually unknown. Here we evaluated the relative importance of grazing pressure and herbivore type, climate and plant functional traits on 24 soil physical and chemical attributes that represent proxies of key ecosystem services related to decomposition, soil fertility, and soil and water conservation. To do this, we conducted a standardized global survey of 288 plots at 88 sites in 25 countries worldwide. We show that aridity and plant traits are the major factors associated with the magnitude of plant effects on fertile islands in grazed drylands worldwide. Grazing pressure had little influence on the capacity of plants to support fertile islands. Taller and wider shrubs and grasses supported stronger island effects. Stable and functional soils tended to be linked to species-rich sites with taller plants. Together, our findings dispel the notion that grazing pressure or herbivore type are linked to the formation or intensification of fertile islands in drylands. Rather, our study suggests that changes in aridity, and processes that alter island identity and therefore plant traits, will have marked effects on how perennial plants support and maintain the functioning of drylands in a more arid and grazed world.
Published: 2024

7. Isolation and genome characterization of Lloviu virus from Italian Schreibers’ bent-winged bats

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), National Institutes of Health (US), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Gábor E. Tóth [0000-0002-7201-9646], Adam J. Hume [0000-0001-8454-3472], Ellen L. Suder [0000-0001-9466-9204], Safia Zeghbib [0000-0001-9603-7489], Zsófia Lanszki [0000-0003-3116-4633], Zsaklin Varga [0000-0002-0432-3654], Fanni Földes [000-0002-4693-9406], Brigitta Zana [0000-0002-3503-8901], Dino Scaravelli [0000-0002-0733-8480], Scicluna, Maria Teresa [0000-0001-8081-5530], Pereswiet-Soltan, Andrea [0000-0002-2083-0648], Tamás Görföl [0000-0002-1910-4024], Calogero Terregino [0000-0002-7727-3336], De Benedictis, Paola [0000-0001-6760-1933], García-Dorival, Isabel [0000-0002-5654-5662], Alonso Martí, Covadonga [0000-0002-0862-6177], Jakab, Ferenc [0000-0002-3913-0430], Mühlberger, Elke [0000-0003-3547-9376], Leopardi, Stefania [0000-0003-2835-492X], Kemenesi, Gábor [0000-0001-9775-3065], Gábor E. Tóth, Adam J. Hume, Ellen L. Suder, Safia Zeghbib, Ágota Ábrahám, Zsófia Lanszki, Zsaklin Varga, Zsófia Tauber, Fanni Földes, Brigitta Zana, Dino Scaravelli, Scicluna, Maria Teresa, Pereswiet-Soltan, Andrea, Tamás Görföl, Calogero Terregino, De Benedictis, Paola, García-Dorival, Isabel, Alonso Martí, Covadonga, Jakab, Ferenc, Mühlberger, Elke, Leopardi, Stefania, Kemenesi, Gábor, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), National Institutes of Health (US), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Gábor E. Tóth [0000-0002-7201-9646], Adam J. Hume [0000-0001-8454-3472], Ellen L. Suder [0000-0001-9466-9204], Safia Zeghbib [0000-0001-9603-7489], Zsófia Lanszki [0000-0003-3116-4633], Zsaklin Varga [0000-0002-0432-3654], Fanni Földes [000-0002-4693-9406], Brigitta Zana [0000-0002-3503-8901], Dino Scaravelli [0000-0002-0733-8480], Scicluna, Maria Teresa [0000-0001-8081-5530], Pereswiet-Soltan, Andrea [0000-0002-2083-0648], Tamás Görföl [0000-0002-1910-4024], Calogero Terregino [0000-0002-7727-3336], De Benedictis, Paola [0000-0001-6760-1933], García-Dorival, Isabel [0000-0002-5654-5662], Alonso Martí, Covadonga [0000-0002-0862-6177], Jakab, Ferenc [0000-0002-3913-0430], Mühlberger, Elke [0000-0003-3547-9376], Leopardi, Stefania [0000-0003-2835-492X], Kemenesi, Gábor [0000-0001-9775-3065], Gábor E. Tóth, Adam J. Hume, Ellen L. Suder, Safia Zeghbib, Ágota Ábrahám, Zsófia Lanszki, Zsaklin Varga, Zsófia Tauber, Fanni Földes, Brigitta Zana, Dino Scaravelli, Scicluna, Maria Teresa, Pereswiet-Soltan, Andrea, Tamás Görföl, Calogero Terregino, De Benedictis, Paola, García-Dorival, Isabel, Alonso Martí, Covadonga, Jakab, Ferenc, Mühlberger, Elke, Leopardi, Stefania, and Kemenesi, Gábor
Abstract: Lloviu cuevavirus (LLOV) was the first identified member of Filoviridae family outside the Ebola and Marburgvirus genera. A massive die-off of Schreibers’ bent-winged bats (Miniopterus schreibersii) in the Iberian Peninsula in 2002 led to its discovery. Studies with recombinant and wild-type LLOV isolates confirmed the susceptibility of human-derived cell lines and primary human macrophages to LLOV infection in vitro. Based on these data, LLOV is now considered as a potential zoonotic virus with unknown pathogenicity to humans and bats. We examined bat samples from Italy for the presence of LLOV in an area outside of the currently known distribution range of the virus. We detected one positive sample from 2020, sequenced the complete coding sequence of the viral genome and established an infectious isolate of the virus. In addition, we performed the first comprehensive evolutionary analysis of the virus, using the Spanish, Hungarian and the Italian sequences. The most important achievement of this article is the establishment of an additional infectious LLOV isolate from a bat sample using the SuBK12-08 cells, demonstrating that this cell line is highly susceptible to LLOV infection. These results further confirms the role of these bats as the host of this virus, possibly throughout their entire geographic range. This is an important result to further understand the role of bats as the natural hosts for zoonotic filoviruses.
Published: 2023

8. An extended mtDNA phylogeography for the alpine newt illuminates the provenance of introduced populations

Author: Slovenian Research Agency, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Robbemont, Jody, van Veldhuijzen, Sam, Allain, Steven J.R., Ambu, Johanna, Boyle, Ryan, Canestrelli, Daniele, Ó Cathasaigh, Éinne, Cathrine, Chris, Chiocchio, Andrea, Cogalniceanu, Dan, Cvijanovic, Milena, Dufresnes, Christophe, Ennis, Collie, Gandola, Rob, Jablonski, Daniel, Julian, Angela, Kranželic, Daria, Lukanov, Simeon, Martínez-Solano, Íñigo, Montgomery, Ryan, Naumov, Borislav, O'Neill, Matthew, North, Alexandra, Pabijan, Maciej, Pushendorf, Robert, Salvi, Daniele, Schmidt, Bruno, Sotiropoulos, Konstantinos, Stanescu, Florina, Stankovic, David, Stapleton, Sarah, Šunje, Emina, Szabolcs, Márton, Vacheva, Emiliya, Willis, David, Zimic, Adnan, France, James, Meilink, Willem R.M., Stark, Tariq, Struijk, Richard P.J.H., Theodoropoulos, Anagnostis, de Visser, Manon C., Wielstra, Ben, Slovenian Research Agency, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Robbemont, Jody, van Veldhuijzen, Sam, Allain, Steven J.R., Ambu, Johanna, Boyle, Ryan, Canestrelli, Daniele, Ó Cathasaigh, Éinne, Cathrine, Chris, Chiocchio, Andrea, Cogalniceanu, Dan, Cvijanovic, Milena, Dufresnes, Christophe, Ennis, Collie, Gandola, Rob, Jablonski, Daniel, Julian, Angela, Kranželic, Daria, Lukanov, Simeon, Martínez-Solano, Íñigo, Montgomery, Ryan, Naumov, Borislav, O'Neill, Matthew, North, Alexandra, Pabijan, Maciej, Pushendorf, Robert, Salvi, Daniele, Schmidt, Bruno, Sotiropoulos, Konstantinos, Stanescu, Florina, Stankovic, David, Stapleton, Sarah, Šunje, Emina, Szabolcs, Márton, Vacheva, Emiliya, Willis, David, Zimic, Adnan, France, James, Meilink, Willem R.M., Stark, Tariq, Struijk, Richard P.J.H., Theodoropoulos, Anagnostis, de Visser, Manon C., and Wielstra, Ben
Abstract: Many herpetofauna species have been introduced outside of their native range. MtDNA barcoding is regularly used to determine the provenance of such populations. The alpine newt has been introduced across the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Ireland. However, geographical mtDNA structure across the natural range of the alpine newt is still incompletely understood and certain regions are severely undersampled. We collect mtDNA sequence data of over seven hundred individuals, from both the native and the introduced range. The main new insights from our extended mtDNA phylogeography are that 1) haplotypes from Spain do not form a reciprocally monophyletic clade, but are nested inside the mtDNA clade that covers western and eastern Europe; and 2) haplotypes from the northwest Balkans form a monophyletic clade together with those from the Southern Carpathians and Apuseni Mountains. We also home in on the regions where the distinct mtDNA clades meet in nature. We show that four out of the seven distinct mtDNA clades that comprise the alpine newt are implicated in the introductions in the Netherlands, United Kingdom and Ireland. In several introduced localities, two distinct mtDNA clades co-occur. As these mtDNA clades presumably represent cryptic species, we urge that the extent of genetic admixture between them is assessed from genome-wide nuclear DNA markers. We mobilized a large number of citizen scientists in this project to support the collection of DNA samples by skin swabbing and underscore the effectiveness of this sampling technique for mtDNA barcoding.
Published: 2023

9. Electrically driven singlet-triplet transition in triangulene spin-1 chains

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Principado de Asturias, Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martínez-Carracedo, Gabriel, Oroszlány, László, García-Fuente, Amador, Szunyogh, László, Ferrer, Jaime, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Principado de Asturias, Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martínez-Carracedo, Gabriel, Oroszlány, László, García-Fuente, Amador, Szunyogh, László, and Ferrer, Jaime
Abstract: Recently, graphene triangulene chains have been synthesized, and their magnetic response has been analyzed by scanning tunneling microscopy methods by Mishra et al. [Nature (London) 598, 287 (2021)]. Motivated by this study, we determine the exchange bilinear and biquadratic constants of the triangulene chains by calculating two-spin rotations in the spirit of the magnetic force theorem. We then analyze open-ended, odd-numbered chains, whose edge states pair up forming a triplet ground state. We propose three experimental approaches that enable us to trigger and control a singlet-triplet spin transition. Two of these methods are based on applying a mechanical distortion to the chain. We finally show that the transition can be controlled efficiently by the application of an electric field.
Published: 2023

10. Environmental, geographical and time-related impacts on avian malaria infections in native and introduced populations of house sparrows (Passer domesticus), a globally invasive species

Author: Junta de Extremadura, Junta de Andalucía, European Commission, Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ferraguti, Martina, Magallanes, Sergio, Jiménez-Peñuela, Jéssica, Martínez de la Puente, Josué, Garcia-Longoria, Luz, Figuerola, Jordi, Muriel, Jaime, Marzal, Alfonso, Junta de Extremadura, Junta de Andalucía, European Commission, Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ferraguti, Martina, Magallanes, Sergio, Jiménez-Peñuela, Jéssica, Martínez de la Puente, Josué, Garcia-Longoria, Luz, Figuerola, Jordi, Muriel, Jaime, and Marzal, Alfonso
Abstract: [Aim] The increasing spread of vector-borne diseases has resulted in severe health concerns for humans, domestic animals and wildlife, with changes in land use and the introduction of invasive species being among the main possible causes for this increase. We explored several ecological drivers potentially affecting the local prevalence and richness of avian malaria parasite lineages in native and introduced house sparrows (Passer domesticus) populations., [Location] Global., [Time period] 2002–2019., [Major taxa studied] Avian Plasmodium parasites in house sparrows., [Methods] We analysed data from 2,220 samples from 69 localities across all continents, except Antarctica. The influence of environment (urbanization index and human density), geography (altitude, latitude, hemisphere) and time (bird breeding season and years since introduction) were analysed using generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) and random forests., [Results] Overall, 670 sparrows (30.2%) were infected with 22 Plasmodium lineages. In native populations, parasite prevalence was positively related to urbanization index, with the highest prevalence values in areas with intermediate urbanization levels. Likewise, in introduced populations, prevalence was positively associated with urbanization index; however, higher infection occurred in areas with either extreme high or low levels of urbanization. In introduced populations, the number of parasite lineages increased with altitude and with the years elapsed since the establishment of sparrows in a new locality. Here, after a decline in the number of parasite lineages in the first 30 years, an increase from 40 years onwards was detected., [Main conclusions] Urbanization was related to parasite prevalence in both native and introduced bird populations. In invaded areas, altitude and time since bird introduction were related to the number of Plasmodium lineages found to be infecting sparrows.
Published: 2023

11. The multichord stellar occultation by the centaur Bienor on January 11, 2019

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, European Research Council, European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel, Fernández Valenzuela, Estela del Mar, Morales, Nicolás, Vara-Lubiano, M., Ortiz, José Luis, Kretlow, M., Santos Sanz, Pablo, Alvarez-Candal, A., Duffard, René D., Casanova, V., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Trigo-Rodríguez, Josep María, Bretton, M., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, European Research Council, European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel, Fernández Valenzuela, Estela del Mar, Morales, Nicolás, Vara-Lubiano, M., Ortiz, José Luis, Kretlow, M., Santos Sanz, Pablo, Alvarez-Candal, A., Duffard, René D., Casanova, V., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Trigo-Rodríguez, Josep María, and Bretton, M.
Abstract: Within our program of physical characterization of trans-Neptunian objects and centaurs, we predicted a stellar occultation by the centaur (54598) Bienor to occur on January 11, 2019, with good observability potential. We obtained high accuracy astrometric data to refine the prediction, resulting in a shadow path favorable for the Iberian Peninsula. This encouraged us to carry out an occultation observation campaign that resulted in five positive detections from four observing sites. This is the fourth centaur for which a multichord (more than two chords) stellar occultation has been observed so far, the other three being (2060) Chiron, (10199) Chariklo, and (95626) 2002 GZ32. From the analysis of the occultation chords, combined with the rotational light curve obtained shortly after the occultation, we determined that Bienor has an area-equivalent diameter of 150 ± 20 km. This diameter is ~30 km smaller than the one obtained from thermal measurements. The position angle of the short axis of the best fitting ellipse obtained through the analysis of the stellar occultation does not match that of the spin axis derived from long-term photometric models. We also detected a strong irregularity in one of the minima of the rotational light curve that is present no matter the aspect angle at which the observations were done. We present different scenarios to reconcile the results from the different techniques. We did not detect secondary drops related to potential rings or satellites. Nonetheless, similar rings in size to that of Chariklo's cannot be discarded due to low data accuracy.
Published: 2023

12. Scaling slowly rotating asteroids with stellar occultations

Author: National Science Centre (Poland), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Junta de Andalucía, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), European Research Council, Marciniak, A., Duffard, René D., Morales, Nicolás, National Science Centre (Poland), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Junta de Andalucía, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), European Research Council, Marciniak, A., Duffard, René D., and Morales, Nicolás
Abstract: Context. As evidenced by recent survey results, the majority of asteroids are slow rotators (spin periods longer than 12 h), but lack spin and shape models because of selection bias. This bias is skewing our overall understanding of the spins, shapes, and sizes of asteroids, as well as of their other properties. Also, diameter determinations for large (>60 km) and medium-sized asteroids (between 30 and 60 km) often vary by over 30% for multiple reasons. Aims. Our long-term project is focused on a few tens of slow rotators with periods of up to 60 h. We aim to obtain their full light curves and reconstruct their spins and shapes. We also precisely scale the models, typically with an accuracy of a few percent. Methods. We used wide sets of dense light curves for spin and shape reconstructions via light-curve inversion. Precisely scaling them with thermal data was not possible here because of poor infrared datasets: large bodies tend to saturate in WISE mission detectors. Therefore, we recently also launched a special campaign among stellar occultation observers, both in order to scale these models and to verify the shape solutions, often allowing us to break the mirror pole ambiguity. Results. The presented scheme resulted in shape models for 16 slow rotators, most of them for the first time. Fitting them to chords from stellar occultation timings resolved previous inconsistencies in size determinations. For around half of the targets, this fitting also allowed us to identify a clearly preferred pole solution from the pair of two mirror pole solutions, thus removing the ambiguity inherent to light-curve inversion. We also address the influence of the uncertainty of the shape models on the derived diameters. Conclusions. Overall, our project has already provided reliable models for around 50 slow rotators. Such well-determined and scaled asteroid shapes will, for example, constitute a solid basis for precise density determinations when coupled with mass information. Sp
Published: 2023

13. Climate, host and geography shape insect and fungal communities of trees

Author: Swiss National Science Foundation, Federal Office for the Environment (Switzerland), European Commission, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, Slovak Research and Development Agency, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Estonian Research Council, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia), Franić, Iva [0000-0002-3352-0956], Allan, Eric [0000-0001-9641-9436], Prospero, Simone [0000-0002-9129-8556], Adamson, K. [0000-0002-8810-8838], Attorre, Fabio [0000-0002-7744-2195], Auger-Rozenberg, Marie-Anne [0000-0002-2455-2438], Avtzis, Dimitrios [0000-0002-7772-6892], Baert, Wim [0009-0003-2767-3053], Barta, Marek [0000-0003-2450-1769], Bauters, Kenneth [0000-0003-3356-0306], Bellahirech, Amani [0000-0002-5801-6051], Boroń, P. [0000-0002-8581-6759], Bragança, H. [0000-0002-7957-5493], Brestovanská, Tereza [0000-0003-4907-2542], Brurberg, May Bente [0000-0002-1293-1916], Burgess, Treena [0000-0002-7962-219X], Burokienė, Daiva [0000-0001-5965-5210], Cleary, M. [0000-0002-0318-5974], Corley, Juan [0000-0002-8032-2223], Coyle, David [0000-0003-3074-0440], Csóka, György [0000-0001-9132-4825], Černý, Karel [0000-0003-3492-0940], Davydenko, Kateryna [0000-0001-6077-8533], de Groot, Maarten [0000-0002-5721-6676], Díez, Julio Javier [0000-0003-0558-8141], Doǧmuş-Lehtijärvi, Hatice T. [0000-0002-1050-8823], Edwards, Jacqueline [0000-0003-0310-7236], Elsafy, Mohammed [0000-0002-2008-5182], Eötvös, Csaba Béla [0000-0001-5534-4597], Falko, Roman [0000-0003-2270-9216], Fan, G. [0000-0003-4154-3143], Feddern, Nina [0000-0002-5104-1473], Fürjes-Mikó, Ágnes [0009-0007-5250-7574], Gossner, Martin M. [0000-0003-1516-6364], Grad, Bartłomiej [0000-0001-6600-9348], Hartmann, Martin [0000-0001-8069-5284], Havrdova, Ludmila [0000-0003-3330-1857], Kádasi Horáková, Miriam [0000-0003-1310-8451], Hrabětová, Markéta [0000-0003-1866-2785], Justesen, Mathias Just [0000-0002-5252-7045], Kacprzyk, Magdalena [0000-0001-9679-5423], Kenis, Marc [0000-0002-3179-0872], Kirichenko, Natalia [0000-0002-7362-6464], Kovač, Marta [0000-0002-0116-7545], Kramarets, Volodymyr [0000-0002-5978-3711], Lacković, Nikola [0000-0003-3739-1220], Lantschner, Maria Victoria [0000-0002-2012-1366], Lazarević, Jelena [0000-0002-9460-7342], Li, Hongmei [0000-0001-6509-400X], Madsen, Corrie Lynne [0000-0002-3796-399X], Matošević, Dinka [0000-0001-7380-688X], Matsiakh, Iryna [0000-0003-2249-1296], May, Tom W. [0000-0003-2214-4972], Nikolov, Christo [0000-0003-1126-459X], O'Hanlon, Richard [0000-0002-0595-0246], Oskay, F. [0000-0002-8918-5595], Paap, Trudy [0000-0003-1364-4350], Parpan, Taras [0000-0002-8459-0479], Piškur, B. [0000-0002-9914-4930], Ravn, Hans Peter [0000-0001-5090-3273], Richard, John [0000-0002-9146-530X], Ronse, Anne [0000-0001-7446-9205], Roques, Alain [0000-0002-3734-3918], Ruffner, Beat [0000-0001-9848-2500], Santini, Alberto [0000-0002-7955-9207], Sivickis, Karolis [0000-0003-2304-130X], Soliani, Carolina [0000-0003-0388-2291], Talgø, Venche [0000-0002-2146-9938], Tomoshevich, Maria [0000-0002-0307-5919], Uimari, Anne [0000-0001-7136-685X], Ulyshen, Michael [0000-0001-6614-1242], Vettraino, A. M. [0000-0003-0797-3297], Villari, C. [0000-0003-3259-9866], Wang, Yongjun [0000-0002-8488-3423], Witzell, Johanna [0000-0003-1741-443X], Zlatković, Milica [0000-0003-4514-3980], Eschen, René [0000-0002-0464-6680], Franić, Iva, Allan, Eric, Prospero, Simone, Adamson, K., Attorre, Fabio, Auger-Rozenberg, Marie-Anne, Augustin, Sylvie, Avtzis, Dimitrios, Baert, Wim, Barta, Marek, Bauters, Kenneth, Bellahirech, Amani, Boroń, P., Bragança, H., Brestovanská, Tereza, Brurberg, May Bente, Burgess, Treena, Burokienė, Daiva, Cleary, M., Corley, Juan, Coyle, David, Csóka, György, Černý, Karel, Davydenko, Kateryna, de Groot, Maarten, Díez, Julio Javier, Doǧmuş-Lehtijärvi, Hatice T., Drenkhan, R., Edwards, Jacqueline, Elsafy, Mohammed, Eötvös, Csaba Béla, Falko, Roman, Fan, G., Feddern, Nina, Fürjes-Mikó, Ágnes, Gossner, Martin M., Grad, Bartłomiej, Hartmann, Martin, Havrdova, Ludmila, Kádasi Horáková, Miriam, Hrabětová, Markéta, Justesen, Mathias Just, Kacprzyk, Magdalena, Kenis, Marc, Kirichenko, Natalia, Kovač, Marta, Kramarets, Volodymyr, Lacković, Nikola, Lantschner, Maria Victoria, Lazarević, Jelena, Leskiv, Marianna, Li, Hongmei, Madsen, Corrie Lynne, Malumphy, Chris, Matošević, Dinka, Matsiakh, Iryna, May, Tom W., Meffert, Johan, Migliorini, Duccio, Nikolov, Christo, O'Hanlon, Richard, Oskay, F., Paap, Trudy, Parpan, Taras, Piškur, B., Ravn, Hans Peter, Richard, John, Ronse, Anne, Roques, Alain, Ruffner, Beat, Santini, Alberto, Sivickis, Karolis, Soliani, Carolina, Talgø, Venche, Tomoshevich, Maria, Uimari, Anne, Ulyshen, Michael, Vettraino, A. M., Villari, C., Wang, Yongjun, Witzell, Johanna, Zlatković, Milica, Eschen, René, Swiss National Science Foundation, Federal Office for the Environment (Switzerland), European Commission, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, Slovak Research and Development Agency, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Estonian Research Council, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia), Franić, Iva [0000-0002-3352-0956], Allan, Eric [0000-0001-9641-9436], Prospero, Simone [0000-0002-9129-8556], Adamson, K. [0000-0002-8810-8838], Attorre, Fabio [0000-0002-7744-2195], Auger-Rozenberg, Marie-Anne [0000-0002-2455-2438], Avtzis, Dimitrios [0000-0002-7772-6892], Baert, Wim [0009-0003-2767-3053], Barta, Marek [0000-0003-2450-1769], Bauters, Kenneth [0000-0003-3356-0306], Bellahirech, Amani [0000-0002-5801-6051], Boroń, P. [0000-0002-8581-6759], Bragança, H. [0000-0002-7957-5493], Brestovanská, Tereza [0000-0003-4907-2542], Brurberg, May Bente [0000-0002-1293-1916], Burgess, Treena [0000-0002-7962-219X], Burokienė, Daiva [0000-0001-5965-5210], Cleary, M. [0000-0002-0318-5974], Corley, Juan [0000-0002-8032-2223], Coyle, David [0000-0003-3074-0440], Csóka, György [0000-0001-9132-4825], Černý, Karel [0000-0003-3492-0940], Davydenko, Kateryna [0000-0001-6077-8533], de Groot, Maarten [0000-0002-5721-6676], Díez, Julio Javier [0000-0003-0558-8141], Doǧmuş-Lehtijärvi, Hatice T. [0000-0002-1050-8823], Edwards, Jacqueline [0000-0003-0310-7236], Elsafy, Mohammed [0000-0002-2008-5182], Eötvös, Csaba Béla [0000-0001-5534-4597], Falko, Roman [0000-0003-2270-9216], Fan, G. [0000-0003-4154-3143], Feddern, Nina [0000-0002-5104-1473], Fürjes-Mikó, Ágnes [0009-0007-5250-7574], Gossner, Martin M. [0000-0003-1516-6364], Grad, Bartłomiej [0000-0001-6600-9348], Hartmann, Martin [0000-0001-8069-5284], Havrdova, Ludmila [0000-0003-3330-1857], Kádasi Horáková, Miriam [0000-0003-1310-8451], Hrabětová, Markéta [0000-0003-1866-2785], Justesen, Mathias Just [0000-0002-5252-7045], Kacprzyk, Magdalena [0000-0001-9679-5423], Kenis, Marc [0000-0002-3179-0872], Kirichenko, Natalia [0000-0002-7362-6464], Kovač, Marta [0000-0002-0116-7545], Kramarets, Volodymyr [0000-0002-5978-3711], Lacković, Nikola [0000-0003-3739-1220], Lantschner, Maria Victoria [0000-0002-2012-1366], Lazarević, Jelena [0000-0002-9460-7342], Li, Hongmei [0000-0001-6509-400X], Madsen, Corrie Lynne [0000-0002-3796-399X], Matošević, Dinka [0000-0001-7380-688X], Matsiakh, Iryna [0000-0003-2249-1296], May, Tom W. [0000-0003-2214-4972], Nikolov, Christo [0000-0003-1126-459X], O'Hanlon, Richard [0000-0002-0595-0246], Oskay, F. [0000-0002-8918-5595], Paap, Trudy [0000-0003-1364-4350], Parpan, Taras [0000-0002-8459-0479], Piškur, B. [0000-0002-9914-4930], Ravn, Hans Peter [0000-0001-5090-3273], Richard, John [0000-0002-9146-530X], Ronse, Anne [0000-0001-7446-9205], Roques, Alain [0000-0002-3734-3918], Ruffner, Beat [0000-0001-9848-2500], Santini, Alberto [0000-0002-7955-9207], Sivickis, Karolis [0000-0003-2304-130X], Soliani, Carolina [0000-0003-0388-2291], Talgø, Venche [0000-0002-2146-9938], Tomoshevich, Maria [0000-0002-0307-5919], Uimari, Anne [0000-0001-7136-685X], Ulyshen, Michael [0000-0001-6614-1242], Vettraino, A. M. [0000-0003-0797-3297], Villari, C. [0000-0003-3259-9866], Wang, Yongjun [0000-0002-8488-3423], Witzell, Johanna [0000-0003-1741-443X], Zlatković, Milica [0000-0003-4514-3980], Eschen, René [0000-0002-0464-6680], Franić, Iva, Allan, Eric, Prospero, Simone, Adamson, K., Attorre, Fabio, Auger-Rozenberg, Marie-Anne, Augustin, Sylvie, Avtzis, Dimitrios, Baert, Wim, Barta, Marek, Bauters, Kenneth, Bellahirech, Amani, Boroń, P., Bragança, H., Brestovanská, Tereza, Brurberg, May Bente, Burgess, Treena, Burokienė, Daiva, Cleary, M., Corley, Juan, Coyle, David, Csóka, György, Černý, Karel, Davydenko, Kateryna, de Groot, Maarten, Díez, Julio Javier, Doǧmuş-Lehtijärvi, Hatice T., Drenkhan, R., Edwards, Jacqueline, Elsafy, Mohammed, Eötvös, Csaba Béla, Falko, Roman, Fan, G., Feddern, Nina, Fürjes-Mikó, Ágnes, Gossner, Martin M., Grad, Bartłomiej, Hartmann, Martin, Havrdova, Ludmila, Kádasi Horáková, Miriam, Hrabětová, Markéta, Justesen, Mathias Just, Kacprzyk, Magdalena, Kenis, Marc, Kirichenko, Natalia, Kovač, Marta, Kramarets, Volodymyr, Lacković, Nikola, Lantschner, Maria Victoria, Lazarević, Jelena, Leskiv, Marianna, Li, Hongmei, Madsen, Corrie Lynne, Malumphy, Chris, Matošević, Dinka, Matsiakh, Iryna, May, Tom W., Meffert, Johan, Migliorini, Duccio, Nikolov, Christo, O'Hanlon, Richard, Oskay, F., Paap, Trudy, Parpan, Taras, Piškur, B., Ravn, Hans Peter, Richard, John, Ronse, Anne, Roques, Alain, Ruffner, Beat, Santini, Alberto, Sivickis, Karolis, Soliani, Carolina, Talgø, Venche, Tomoshevich, Maria, Uimari, Anne, Ulyshen, Michael, Vettraino, A. M., Villari, C., Wang, Yongjun, Witzell, Johanna, Zlatković, Milica, and Eschen, René
Abstract: Non-native pests, climate change, and their interactions are likely to alter relationships between trees and tree-associated organisms with consequences for forest health. To understand and predict such changes, factors structuring tree-associated communities need to be determined. Here, we analysed the data consisting of records of insects and fungi collected from dormant twigs from 155 tree species at 51 botanical gardens or arboreta in 32 countries. Generalized dissimilarity models revealed similar relative importance of studied climatic, host-related and geographic factors on differences in tree-associated communities. Mean annual temperature, phylogenetic distance between hosts and geographic distance between locations were the major drivers of dissimilarities. The increasing importance of high temperatures on differences in studied communities indicate that climate change could affect tree-associated organisms directly and indirectly through host range shifts. Insect and fungal communities were more similar between closely related vs. distant hosts suggesting that host range shifts may facilitate the emergence of new pests. Moreover, dissimilarities among tree-associated communities increased with geographic distance indicating that human-mediated transport may serve as a pathway of the introductions of new pests. The results of this study highlight the need to limit the establishment of tree pests and increase the resilience of forest ecosystems to changes in climate.
Published: 2023

14. Early cellular and synaptic changes in dopaminoceptive forebrain regions of juvenile mice following gestational exposure to valproate

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Finszter, Cintia Klaudia, Kemecsei, Róbert, Zachar, Gergely, Holtkamp, Sophie, Echevarría, Diego, Adorján, István, Ádám, Ágota, Csillag, András, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Finszter, Cintia Klaudia, Kemecsei, Róbert, Zachar, Gergely, Holtkamp, Sophie, Echevarría, Diego, Adorján, István, Ádám, Ágota, and Csillag, András
Abstract: Gestational exposure of mice to valproic acid (VPA) is one currently used experimental model for the investigation of typical failure symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the present study we hypothesized that the reduction of dopaminergic source neurons of the VTA, followed by perturbed growth of the mesotelencephalic dopamine pathway (MT), should also modify pattern formation in the dopaminoceptive target regions (particularly its mesoaccumbens/mesolimbic portion). Here, we investigated VPA-evoked cellular morphological (apoptosis-frequency detected by Caspase-3, abundance of Ca-binding proteins, CaBP), as well as synaptic proteomic (western blotting) changes, in selected dopaminoceptive subpallial, as compared to pallial, regions of mice, born to mothers treated with 500 mg/kg VPA on day 13.5 of pregnancy. We observed a surge of apoptosis on VPA treatment in nearly all investigated subpallial and pallial regions; with a non-significant trend of similar increase the nucleus accumbens (NAc) at P7, the age at which the MT pathway reduction has been reported (also supplemented by current findings). Of the CaBPs, calretinin (CR) expression was decreased in pallial regions, most prominently in retrosplenial cortex, but not in the subpallium of P7 mice. Calbindin-D 28K (CB) was selectively reduced in the caudate-putamen (CPu) of VPA exposed animals at P7 but no longer at P60, pointing to a potency of repairment. The VPA-associated overall increase in apoptosis at P7 did not correlate with the abundance and distribution of CaBPs, except in CPu, in which the marked drop of CB was negatively correlated with increased apoptosis. Abundance of parvalbumin (PV) at P60 showed no significant response to VPA treatment in any of the observed regions we did not find colocalization of apoptotic (Casp3+) cells with CaBP-immunoreactive neurons. The proteomic findings suggest reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase in the crude synaptosome fraction of NAc, but not in t
Published: 2023

15. Relativistic magnetic interactions from nonorthogonal basis sets

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Principado de Asturias, Fundación para el Fomento en Asturias de la Investigación Científica Aplicada y la Tecnología, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Martínez-Carracedo, Gabriel, Oroszlány, László, García-Fuente, Amador, Nyári, Bendegúz, Udvardi, László, Szunyogh, László, Ferrer, Jaime, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Principado de Asturias, Fundación para el Fomento en Asturias de la Investigación Científica Aplicada y la Tecnología, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Martínez-Carracedo, Gabriel, Oroszlány, László, García-Fuente, Amador, Nyári, Bendegúz, Udvardi, László, Szunyogh, László, and Ferrer, Jaime
Abstract: We propose a method to determine the magnetic exchange interaction and onsite anisotropy tensors of extended Heisenberg spin models from density functional theory including relativistic effects. The method is based on the Liechtenstein-Katsnelson-Antropov-Gubanov torque formalism, whereby energy variations upon infinitesimal rotations are performed. We assume that the Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian is expanded in a nonorthogonal basis set of pseudoatomic orbitals. We define local operators that are both Hermitian and satisfy relevant sum rules. We demonstrate that in the presence of spin-orbit coupling a correct mapping from the density functional total energy to a spin model that relies on the rotation of the exchange field part of the Hamiltonian can not be accounted for by transforming the full Hamiltonian. We derive a set of sum rules that pose stringent validity tests on any specific calculation. We showcase the flexibility and accuracy of the method by computing the exchange and anisotropy tensors of both well-studied magnetic nanostructures and of recently synthesized two-dimensional magnets. Specifically, we benchmark our approach against the established Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green's function method and show that they agree well. Finally, we demonstrate how the application of biaxial strain on the two-dimensional magnet T−CrTe2 can trigger a magnetic phase transition.
Published: 2023

16. Mapping immune correlates and surfaceome genes in BRAF mutated colorectal cancers

Author: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación CRIS contra el Cáncer, Diputación de Albacete, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), National Innovation Office (Hungary), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Cabañas Morafraile, Esther [0000-0003-0929-6058], Saiz-Ladera, Cristina [0000-0001-8094-5992], Nieto-Jiménez, Cristina [0000-0002-3463-1439], Győrffy, Balázs [0000-0002-5772-3766], Velasco, Guillermo [0000-0002-1994-2386], Pérez-Segura, Pedro [0000-0001-5049-7199], Ocaña, Alberto [0000-0002-1067-9630], Cabañas Morafraile, Esther, Saiz-Ladera, Cristina, Nieto-Jiménez, Cristina, Győrffy, Balázs, Nagy, Adám, Velasco, Guillermo, Pérez-Segura, Pedro, Ocaña, Alberto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación CRIS contra el Cáncer, Diputación de Albacete, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), National Innovation Office (Hungary), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Cabañas Morafraile, Esther [0000-0003-0929-6058], Saiz-Ladera, Cristina [0000-0001-8094-5992], Nieto-Jiménez, Cristina [0000-0002-3463-1439], Győrffy, Balázs [0000-0002-5772-3766], Velasco, Guillermo [0000-0002-1994-2386], Pérez-Segura, Pedro [0000-0001-5049-7199], Ocaña, Alberto [0000-0002-1067-9630], Cabañas Morafraile, Esther, Saiz-Ladera, Cristina, Nieto-Jiménez, Cristina, Győrffy, Balázs, Nagy, Adám, Velasco, Guillermo, Pérez-Segura, Pedro, and Ocaña, Alberto
Abstract: Despite the impressive results obtained with immunotherapy in several cancer types, a significant fraction of patients remains unresponsive to these treatments. In colorectal cancer (CRC), B-RafV600 mutations have been identified in 8-15% of the patients. In this work we interrogated a public dataset to explore the surfaceome of these tumors and found that several genes, such as GP2, CLDN18, AQP5, TM4SF4, NTSR1, VNN1, and CD109, were upregulated. By performing gene set enrichment analysis, we also identified a striking upregulation of genes (CD74, LAG3, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DRB5, HLA-DMA, HLA-DMB, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DOA, FCGR2B, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DPA1) associated with antigen processing and presentation via MHC class II. Likewise, we found a strong correlation between PD1 and PD(L)1 expression and the presence of genes encoding for proteins involved in antigen presentation such as CD74, HLA-DPA1, and LAG3. Furthermore, a similar association was observed for the presence of dendritic cells and macrophages. Finally, a low but positive relationship was observed between tumor mutational burden and neoantigen load. Our findings support the idea that a therapeutic strategy based on the targeting of PD(L)1 together with other receptors also involved in immuno-modulation, such as LAG3, could help to improve current treatments against BRAF-mutated CRC tumors.
Published: 2023

17. The ß-decay of 71Kr: Precise measurement of the half-life

Author: RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, University of Tokyo, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Ministry of Human Capacities (Hungary), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Vitéz-Sveiczer, A., Algora, Alejandro, Kiss, G.G., Rubio, Berta, Morales, A. I., Sarriguren, Pedro, Angelis, G. de, Recchia, F., Nishimura, S., Agramunt, Jorge, Guadilla Gómez, Víctor, Montaner-Pizá, A., Orrigo, S. E. A., Horváth, Á., Napoli, D., Lenzi, S., Boso, A., Phong, V., Wu, J., Söderström, P.-A., Sumikama, T., Suzuki, H., Takeda, H., Ahn, D.S., Baba, H., Doornenbal, P., Fukuda, N., Inabe, N., Isobe, T., Kubo, T., Kubono, S., Sakurai, H., Shimizu, Y., Sidong, C., Blank, B., Ascher, P., Gerbaux, M., Goigoux, T., Giovinazzo, J., Grévy, S., Kurtukián Nieto, T., Magron, C., Gelletly, W., Dombrádi, Zs., Fujita, Y., Tanaka, M., Aguilera, P., Molina, F., Eberth, J., Diel, F., Lubos, D., Borcea, C., Ganioglu, E., Nishimura, D., Oikawa, H., Takei, Y., Yagi, S., Korten, W., France, G. de, Davies, P., Liu, J., Lee, J., Lokotko, T., Kojouharov, I., Kurz, N., Shaffner, H., Petrovici, A., RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, University of Tokyo, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Ministry of Human Capacities (Hungary), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Vitéz-Sveiczer, A., Algora, Alejandro, Kiss, G.G., Rubio, Berta, Morales, A. I., Sarriguren, Pedro, Angelis, G. de, Recchia, F., Nishimura, S., Agramunt, Jorge, Guadilla Gómez, Víctor, Montaner-Pizá, A., Orrigo, S. E. A., Horváth, Á., Napoli, D., Lenzi, S., Boso, A., Phong, V., Wu, J., Söderström, P.-A., Sumikama, T., Suzuki, H., Takeda, H., Ahn, D.S., Baba, H., Doornenbal, P., Fukuda, N., Inabe, N., Isobe, T., Kubo, T., Kubono, S., Sakurai, H., Shimizu, Y., Sidong, C., Blank, B., Ascher, P., Gerbaux, M., Goigoux, T., Giovinazzo, J., Grévy, S., Kurtukián Nieto, T., Magron, C., Gelletly, W., Dombrádi, Zs., Fujita, Y., Tanaka, M., Aguilera, P., Molina, F., Eberth, J., Diel, F., Lubos, D., Borcea, C., Ganioglu, E., Nishimura, D., Oikawa, H., Takei, Y., Yagi, S., Korten, W., France, G. de, Davies, P., Liu, J., Lee, J., Lokotko, T., Kojouharov, I., Kurz, N., Shaffner, H., and Petrovici, A.
Abstract: The very proton-rich 71Kr isotope was produced through the in-flight fragmentation of 78Kr on a beryllium target at RIKEN ¿ Nishina Center in order to study its ß-decay properties. A stack of double-sided silicon strip detectors, called WAS3ABi, was used as the decay station, where the detection of ion implants, ß-decays and ß-delayed protons took place. Beta-delayed ¿-rays were measured using a system of 84 HPGe detectors, called EURICA, surrounding the decay station. The main goal of the present study was the precise measurement of the half-life of 71Kr, as in the literature there is an almost 10 ¿ difference between the most precise independent results. Implant¿ß time correlations, implant¿proton time correlations and implant¿ß¿¿ time correlations were all used to derive the half-life value, followed by a thorough investigation of systematic uncertainties for each method. As these values were found to be consistent, the weighted average t1/2 = 94.40+19ms is reported as a new half-life value in this work. Furthermore a total of 26 previously unreported ¿ following the ß-decay of 71Kr were also identified in the analysis.
Published: 2023

18. Topological superconductivity from first principles. II. Effects from manipulation of spin spirals: Topological fragmentation, braiding, and quasi-Majorana bound states

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Education and Culture (Hungary), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Lászlóffy, András, Nyári, Bendegúz, Csire, Gábor, Szunyogh, László, Újfalussy, Balázs, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Education and Culture (Hungary), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Lászlóffy, András, Nyári, Bendegúz, Csire, Gábor, Szunyogh, László, and Újfalussy, Balázs
Abstract: Recent advances in electron spin resonance techniques have allowed the manipulation of the spin of individual atoms, making magnetic atomic chains on superconducting hosts one of the most promising platform where topological superconductivity can be engineered. Motivated by this progress, we provide a detailed, quantitative description of the effects of manipulating spins in realistic nanowires by applying a first-principles-based computational approach to a recent experiment: an iron chain deposited on top of an Au/Nb heterostructure. As a continuation of the preceding paper, experimentally relevant computational experiments are performed in spin spiral chains that shed light on several concerns about practical applications and add new aspects to the interpretation of recent experiments. We explore the stability of topological zero-energy states, the formation and distinction of topologically trivial and nontrivial zero energy edge states, the effect of local changes in the exchange fields, the emergence of topological fragmentation, and the shift of Majorana zero modes along the superconducting nanowires, opening avenues toward the implementation of a braiding operation.
Published: 2023

19. Topological superconductivity from first principles. I. Shiba band structure and topological edge states of artificial spin chains

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Education and Culture (Hungary), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Nyári, Bendegúz, Lászlóffy, András, Csire, Gábor, Szunyogh, László, Újfalussy, Balázs, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Education and Culture (Hungary), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Nyári, Bendegúz, Lászlóffy, András, Csire, Gábor, Szunyogh, László, and Újfalussy, Balázs
Abstract: Magnetic chains on superconductors hosting Majorana zero modes (MZMs) have attracted a great deal of interest due to their possible applications in fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, this is hindered by the lack of a detailed, quantitative understanding of these systems. As a significant step forward, we present a first-principles computational approach based on a microscopic relativistic theory of inhomogeneous superconductors applied to an iron chain on the top of Au-covered Nb(110) to study the Shiba band structure and the topological nature of the edge states. Contrary to contemporary considerations, our method enables the introduction of quantities indicating band inversion without fitting parameters in realistic experimental settings, holding thus the power to determine the topological nature of zero-energy edge states in an accurate ab initio based description of the experimental systems. We confirm that ferromagnetic Fe chains on an Au/Nb(110) surface do not support any separated MZM; however, a broad range of spin-spirals can be identified with robust zero-energy edge states displaying signatures of MZMs. For these spirals, we explore the structure of the superconducting order parameter, shedding light on the internally antisymmetric triplet pairing hosted by MZMs. We also reveal a twofold effect of spin-orbit coupling: although it tends to enlarge the topological phase regarding spin spiraling angles, it also extends the localization of MZMs. Due to the presented predictive power, our work fills a big gap between experimental efforts and theoretical models while paving the way for engineering platforms for topological quantum computation.
Published: 2023

20. New insights on Celtic migration in Hungary and Italy through the analysis of non-metric dental traits

Author: Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Piccirilli, Erica, Sorrentino, Rita, Lugli, Federico, Bortolini, Eugenio, Silvestrini, Sara, Cavazzuti, Claudio, Conti, Sara, Czifra, Szabolcs, Gyenesei, Katalin, Köhler, Kitti, Tankó, Károly, Vazzana, Antonino, Jerem, Erzsébet, Cipriani, Anna, Gottarelli, Antonio, Belcastro, Maria Giovanna, Hajdu, Tamás, Benazzi, Stefano, Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Piccirilli, Erica, Sorrentino, Rita, Lugli, Federico, Bortolini, Eugenio, Silvestrini, Sara, Cavazzuti, Claudio, Conti, Sara, Czifra, Szabolcs, Gyenesei, Katalin, Köhler, Kitti, Tankó, Károly, Vazzana, Antonino, Jerem, Erzsébet, Cipriani, Anna, Gottarelli, Antonio, Belcastro, Maria Giovanna, Hajdu, Tamás, and Benazzi, Stefano
Abstract: The Iron Age is characterized by an extended interweaving of movements by Celts in Europe. Several waves of Celts from Western and Central Europe migrated southeast and west from the core area of the La Téne culture (between Bourgogne and Bohemia). Through the analysis of non-metric dental traits, this work aims to understand the biological relationship among Celtic groups arrived in Italy and the Carpathian Basin, as well as between local populations and Celtic newcomers. A total of 10 non-metric dental traits were analyzed to evaluate biological affinities among Celts (Sopron-Krautacker and Pilismarót-Basaharc) and Scythians-related populations from Hungary (Tápiószele), Celts from continental Europe (Switzerland and Austria), two Iron Age Etruscan-Celtic sites from northern Italy (Monterenzio Vecchio and Monte Bibele), 13 Iron Age central-southern Italic necropolises, and the northern Italian Bronze Age necropolis of Scalvinetto. Strontium isotopes were measured on individuals from the necropolis of Monte Bibele to infer their local or non-local origin. Results highlight the existence of statistically significant differences between Celts and autochthonous Italian groups. Celtic groups from Hungary and Italy (i.e., non-local individuals of Monterenzio Vecchio and Monte Bibele) share a similar biological background, supporting the historical records mentioning a common origin for Celts migrated to the eastern and southern borders of today’s Europe. The presence of a supposed Steppean ancestry both in Celts from Hungary and Celts from northern Italy corroborates the hypothesis of the existence of a westward migration of individuals and genes from the Steppe towards northern Italy during the Bronze and Iron Age, which contributed to the biological variability of pre-Celtic and later Celtic populations, respectively. Conversely, individuals from central-southern Italy show an autochthonous pre-Iron Age background. Lastly, this work supports the existence of Celtic mi
Published: 2023

21. Heterogenity of graphite oxide particles obtained with wet oxidative exfoliation

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Villar Rodil, Silvia [0000-0002-5832-9971], Díez Tascón, Juan Manuel [0000-0001-9219-7266], Farah, Shereen, Gyarmati, Benjámin, Madarász, János, Villar Rodil, Silvia, Díez Tascón, Juan Manuel, László, Krisztina, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Villar Rodil, Silvia [0000-0002-5832-9971], Díez Tascón, Juan Manuel [0000-0001-9219-7266], Farah, Shereen, Gyarmati, Benjámin, Madarász, János, Villar Rodil, Silvia, Díez Tascón, Juan Manuel, and László, Krisztina
Abstract: Wet oxidative exfoliation of graphite is one of the most frequently applied techniques to obtain aqueous dispersions of hydrophilic graphene derivatives as required, e.g., in 3D printing, wet spinning or film casting. Due to the harsh conditions of the process, the resulting suspension is a mixture of particles with a wide distribution range both of physical dimensions and chemical properties. An aqueous graphite oxide suspension was obtained by an improved Hummers method and separated into five fractions by controlled centrifugation. The fractions were characterized and compared by various methods, revealing their diversity in size, chemical properties and application-related viscosity. The characterization methods (powder XRD, Raman spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, XPS, potentiometric titration, rheology) exhibited subtle but measurable differences that exceeded the standard deviation of the techniques employed, but no systematic trend was found across the fractions in any of the properties investigated. The conditions of our centrifugal separation hardly meet the constrains of the ideal of Stokes's law, the polydispersity of the high aspect ratio particles as well as their concentration close to the percolation limit challenge the independent sedimentation of the platelets.
Published: 2023

22. Effects of charge density on spread hyperbranched polyelectrolyte/surfactant films at the air/water interface

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Eusko Jaurlaritza, Carrascosa-Tejedor, Javier, Tummino, Andrea, Fehér, Bence, Kardos, Attila, Efstratiou, Marina, Skoda, Maximilian W. A., Gutfreund, Philipp, Maestro, Armando, Lawrence, M. Jayne, Campbell, Richard A., Varga, Imre, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Eusko Jaurlaritza, Carrascosa-Tejedor, Javier, Tummino, Andrea, Fehér, Bence, Kardos, Attila, Efstratiou, Marina, Skoda, Maximilian W. A., Gutfreund, Philipp, Maestro, Armando, Lawrence, M. Jayne, Campbell, Richard A., and Varga, Imre
Abstract: The interfacial structure and morphology of films spread from hyperbranched polyethylene imine/sodium dodecyl sulfate (PEI/SDS) aggregates at the air/water interface have been resolved for the first time with respect to polyelectrolyte charged density. A recently developed method to form efficient films from the dissociation of aggregates using a minimal quantity of materials is exploited as a step forward in enhancing understanding of the film properties with a view to their future use in technological applications. Interfacial techniques that resolve different time and length scales, namely, ellipsometry, Brewster angle microscopy, and neutron reflectometry, are used. Extended structures of both components are formed under a monolayer of the surfactant with bound polyelectrolytes upon film compression on subphases adjusted to pH 4 or 10, corresponding to high and low charge density of the polyelectrolyte, respectively. A rigid film is related to compact conformation of the PEI in the interfacial structure at pH 4, while it is observed that aggregates remain embedded in mobile films at pH 10. The ability to compact surfactants in the monolayer to the same extent as its maximum coverage in the absence of polyelectrolyte is distinct from the behavior observed for spread films involving linear polyelectrolytes, and intriguingly evidence points to the formation of extended structures over the full range of surface pressures. We conclude that the molecular architecture and charge density can be important parameters in controlling the structures and properties of spread polyelectrolyte/surfactant films, which holds relevance to a range of applications, such as those where PEI is used, including CO2 capture, electronic devices, and gene transfection.
Published: 2023

23. Effector-mediated relocalization of a maize lipoxygenase protein triggers susceptibility to Ustilago maydis

Author: European Commission, Austrian Science Fund, Austrian Academy of Sciences, German Research Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Saado, Indira [0000-0002-3462-0983], Chia, Khong-Sam [0000-0002-4995-795X], Betz, Ruben [0000-0002-4928-6519], Alcântara, André [0000-0003-2340-5927], Pettkó-Szandtner, Aladár [0000-0002-9145-4686], Navarrete, Fernando [0000-0003-1971-441X], D'Auria, John C. [0000-0002-4865-3938], Kolomiets, Michael V. [0000-0003-1038-9534], Melzer, Michael [0000-0002-5213-4030], Feussner, Ivo [0000-0002-9888-7003], Djamei, Armin [0000-0002-8087-9566], Saado, Indira, Chia, Khong-Sam, Betz, Ruben, Alcântara, André, Pettkó-Szandtner, Aladár, Navarrete, Fernando, D'Auria, John C., Kolomiets, Michael V., Melzer, Michael, Feussner, Ivo, Djamei, Armin, European Commission, Austrian Science Fund, Austrian Academy of Sciences, German Research Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Saado, Indira [0000-0002-3462-0983], Chia, Khong-Sam [0000-0002-4995-795X], Betz, Ruben [0000-0002-4928-6519], Alcântara, André [0000-0003-2340-5927], Pettkó-Szandtner, Aladár [0000-0002-9145-4686], Navarrete, Fernando [0000-0003-1971-441X], D'Auria, John C. [0000-0002-4865-3938], Kolomiets, Michael V. [0000-0003-1038-9534], Melzer, Michael [0000-0002-5213-4030], Feussner, Ivo [0000-0002-9888-7003], Djamei, Armin [0000-0002-8087-9566], Saado, Indira, Chia, Khong-Sam, Betz, Ruben, Alcântara, André, Pettkó-Szandtner, Aladár, Navarrete, Fernando, D'Auria, John C., Kolomiets, Michael V., Melzer, Michael, Feussner, Ivo, and Djamei, Armin
Abstract: As the gall-inducing smut fungus Ustilago maydis colonizes maize (Zea mays) plants, it secretes a complex effector blend that suppresses host defense responses, including production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and redirects host metabolism to facilitate colonization. We show that the U. maydis effector ROS burst interfering protein 1 (Rip1), which is involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered suppression of host immunity, is functionally conserved in several other monocot-infecting smut fungi. We also have identified a conserved C-terminal motif essential for Rip1-mediated PAMP-triggered suppression of the ROS burst. The maize susceptibility factor lipoxygenase 3 (Zmlox3) bound by Rip1 was relocalized to the nucleus, leading to partial suppression of the ROS burst. Relocalization was independent of its enzymatic activity, revealing a distinct function for ZmLox3. Most importantly, whereas Zmlox3 maize mutant plants showed increased resistance to U. maydis wild-type strains, rip1 deletion strains infecting the Zmlox3 mutant overcame this effect. This could indicate that Rip1-triggered host resistance depends on ZmLox3 to be suppressed and that lox3 mutation-based resistance of maize to U. maydis requires functional Rip1. Together, our results reveal that Rip1 acts in several cellular compartments to suppress immunity and that targeting of ZmLox3 by Rip1 is responsible for the suppression of Rip1-dependent reduced susceptibility of maize to U. maydis.
Published: 2022

24. The Critical Role of Spreading Depolarizations in Early Brain Injury: Consensus and Contention

Author: Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), European Commission, German Research Foundation, Andrew, R.D., Hartings, Jed A., Ayata, C., Brennan, K. C., Dawson-Scully, K.D., Farkas, E., Herreras, Óscar, Kirov, S. A., Müller, M., Ollen-Bittle, N., Reiffurth, Clemens, Revah, O., Robertson, R.M., Shuttleworth, C.W., Ullah, G., Dreier, Jens P., Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), European Commission, German Research Foundation, Andrew, R.D., Hartings, Jed A., Ayata, C., Brennan, K. C., Dawson-Scully, K.D., Farkas, E., Herreras, Óscar, Kirov, S. A., Müller, M., Ollen-Bittle, N., Reiffurth, Clemens, Revah, O., Robertson, R.M., Shuttleworth, C.W., Ullah, G., and Dreier, Jens P.
Abstract: Background: When a patient arrives in the emergency department following a stroke, a traumatic brain injury, or sudden cardiac arrest, there is no therapeutic drug available to help protect their jeopardized neurons. One crucial reason is that we have not identified the molecular mechanisms leading to electrical failure, neuronal swelling, and blood vessel constriction in newly injured gray matter. All three result from a process termed spreading depolarization (SD). Because we only partially understand SD, we lack molecular targets and biomarkers to help neurons survive after losing their blood flow and then undergoing recurrent SD. Methods: In this review, we introduce SD as a single or recurring event, generated in gray matter following lost blood flow, which compromises the Na/K pump. Electrical recovery from each SD event requires so much energy that neurons often die over minutes and hours following initial injury, independent of extracellular glutamate. Results: We discuss how SD has been investigated with various pitfalls in numerous experimental preparations, how overtaxing the Na/K ATPase elicits SD. Elevated K or glutamate are unlikely natural activators of SD. We then turn to the properties of SD itself, focusing on its initiation and propagation as well as on computer modeling. Conclusions: Finally, we summarize points of consensus and contention among the authors as well as where SD research may be heading. In an accompanying review, we critique the role of the glutamate excitotoxicity theory, how it has shaped SD research, and its questionable importance to the study of early brain injury as compared with SD theory.
Published: 2022

25. Questioning Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Acute Brain Damage: The Importance of Spreading Depolarization

Author: Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), European Commission, Dutch Research Council, Andrew, R.D., Farkas, E., Hartings, Jed A., Brennan, K. C., Herreras, Óscar, Müller, M., Kirov, S. A., Ayata, C., Ollen-Bittle, N., Reiffurth, Clemens, Revah, O., Robertson, R.M., Dawson-Scully, K.D., Ullah, Dreier, Jens P., Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), European Commission, Dutch Research Council, Andrew, R.D., Farkas, E., Hartings, Jed A., Brennan, K. C., Herreras, Óscar, Müller, M., Kirov, S. A., Ayata, C., Ollen-Bittle, N., Reiffurth, Clemens, Revah, O., Robertson, R.M., Dawson-Scully, K.D., Ullah, and Dreier, Jens P.
Abstract: Background: Within 2 min of severe ischemia, spreading depolarization (SD) propagates like a wave through compromised gray matter of the higher brain. More SDs arise over hours in adjacent tissue, expanding the neuronal damage. This period represents a therapeutic window to inhibit SD and so reduce impending tissue injury. Yet most neuroscientists assume that the course of early brain injury can be explained by glutamate excitotoxicity, the concept that immediate glutamate release promotes early and downstream brain injury. There are many problems with glutamate release being the unseen culprit, the most practical being that the concept has yielded zero therapeutics over the past 30 years. But the basic science is also flawed, arising from dubious foundational observations beginning in the 1950s Methods: Literature pertaining to excitotoxicity and to SD over the past 60 years is critiqued. Results: Excitotoxicity theory centers on the immediate and excessive release of glutamate with resulting neuronal hyperexcitation. This instigates poststroke cascades with subsequent secondary neuronal injury. By contrast, SD theory argues that although SD evokes some brief glutamate release, acute neuronal damage and the subsequent cascade of injury to neurons are elicited by the metabolic stress of SD, not by excessive glutamate release. The challenge we present here is to find new clinical targets based on more informed basic science. This is motivated by the continuing failure by neuroscientists and by industry to develop drugs that can reduce brain injury following ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, or sudden cardiac arrest. One important step is to recognize that SD plays a central role in promoting early neuronal damage. We argue that uncovering the molecular biology of SD initiation and propagation is essential because ischemic neurons are usually not acutely injured unless SD propagates through them. The role of glutamate excitotoxicity theory and how it has shaped
Published: 2022

26. Polyelectrolyte/surfactant films: from 2D to 3D structural control

Author: Institut Laue-Langevin, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, Carrascosa-Tejedor, Javier, Santamaria, Andreas, Tummino, Andrea, Varga, Imre, Efstratiou, Marina, Lawrence, M. Jayne, Maestro, Armando, Campbell, Richard A., Institut Laue-Langevin, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, Carrascosa-Tejedor, Javier, Santamaria, Andreas, Tummino, Andrea, Varga, Imre, Efstratiou, Marina, Lawrence, M. Jayne, Maestro, Armando, and Campbell, Richard A.
Abstract: Reversible control of the 3D structure of polyelectrolyte/surfactant films at the air/water interface is showcased. A recently discovered mechanism is exploited to form highly efficient, stable and biocompatible films by spreading aggregates composed of poly-L-lysine and sodium dodecyl sulfate on the surface of water. Reversible control of: (1) the surface monolayer coverage, (2) the switching on or off discrete extended structures, and (3) the extended structure coverage is demonstrated for the first time. The intricacy by which the film structures can be controlled is unprecedented and opens exciting potential to optimize film properties by chemical design for novel biomedical transfer applications.
Published: 2022

27. Ancillary science with Ariel: feasibility and scientific potential of young stellar object observations

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Gyürüs, B., Kiss, C., Morales, Juan Carlos, Nakhjiri, Nariman, Marton, Gábor, Ábrahám, P., Kóspál, Á., Moór, A., Szabó, Gyula M., Szabó, Robert, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Gyürüs, B., Kiss, C., Morales, Juan Carlos, Nakhjiri, Nariman, Marton, Gábor, Ábrahám, P., Kóspál, Á., Moór, A., Szabó, Gyula M., and Szabó, Robert
Abstract: To investigate the feasibility of ancillary target observations with ESA’s Ariel mission, we compiled a list of potentially interesting young stars: FUors, systems harbouring extreme debris discs and a larger sample of young stellar objects showing strong near/mid-infrared excess. These objects can be observed as additional targets in the waiting times between the scheduled exoplanet transit and occultation observations. After analyzing the schedule for Ariel an algorithm was constructed to find the optimal target to be observed in each gap. The selection was mainly based on the slew and stabilization time needed to observe the selected YSO, but it also incorporated the scientific importance of the targets and whether they have already been sufficiently measured. After acquiring an adequately large sample of simulation data, it was concluded that approximately 99.2% of the available – at least one hour long – gaps could be used effectively. With an average slewing and stabilization time of about 16.7 minutes between scheduled exoplanet transits and ancillary targets, this corresponds to an additional 2881 ± 56 hours of active data gathering. When this additional time is used to observe our selected 200 ancillary targets, a typical signal-to-noise ratio of ∼ 1 0 can be achieved along the whole spectral window covered by Ariel.
Published: 2022

28. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Author: European Research Council, Croatian Science Foundation, Ministry of Culture (Czech Republic), Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Leverhulme Trust, Culture Vannin, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Šefčáková, Alena, Curtis, Elizabeth, Sheridan, Alison, Glenis Tavarez Maria, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Brunning, Richard, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F., Lawson, Ann Marie, Fowler, Chris, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, González Morales, Manuel R., Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Budd, Chelsea, Fox, Allison, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, González-Rabanal, Borja, Zaninović, Joško, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Gallina, Zsolt, Žitňan, Andrej, McSweeney, Kathleen, Burmaz, Josip, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Hernu, Bénédicte, Green, Adrian, Lillie, Malcolm, Lazaridis, Iosif, Rohland, Nadin, Canet, Sylvain, Fernandes, Daniel M, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Hey, Gill, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Habermehl, Diederick, Meijlink, Bernard, Harris, James, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Horňák, Milan, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Mende, Balazs G., Amkreutz, Luc, Skae, Sabine, Hajdu, Tamás, Ilon, Gábor, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Menđušić, Marko, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Stephens, Mark, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Bonsall, Clive, Hamilton, Derek, Bradley, Pippa, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Metlička, Milan, Coppa, Alfredo, Istvánovits, Eszter, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Hayden, Chris, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, Meyer, Sophie, Milasinovic, Lidija, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Somogyi, Krisztina, Dobisíková, Miluše, Altena, Eveline, Domboróczki, László, Pinhasi, Ron, Mihovilić, Kristina, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Jones, Andy M, Fokkens, Harry, Callan, Kimberly, Hendriks, Joep, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Bernardos, Rebecca, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Armit, Ian, Tabor, Jonathan, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Brace, Selina, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Reich, David, Loe, Louise, Brittain, Marcus, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Foody, M George B, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Maxted, Andy, Minnitt, Steve, McIntyre, Lauren, Szeniczey, Tamás, McKinley, Jacqueline, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Freilich, Suzanne, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Candilio, Francesca, Brookes, Alison, Demetz, Lea, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Goodchild, Helen, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Brown, Fraser, Pilling, Zoltán, Gamble, Michelle, Culleton, Brendan, Kearns, Aisling, Price, T. Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Brown, Lisa, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Gyenesei, Katalin, Tankó, Károly, European Research Council, Croatian Science Foundation, Ministry of Culture (Czech Republic), Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Leverhulme Trust, Culture Vannin, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Šefčáková, Alena, Curtis, Elizabeth, Sheridan, Alison, Glenis Tavarez Maria, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Brunning, Richard, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F., Lawson, Ann Marie, Fowler, Chris, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, González Morales, Manuel R., Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Budd, Chelsea, Fox, Allison, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, González-Rabanal, Borja, Zaninović, Joško, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Gallina, Zsolt, Žitňan, Andrej, McSweeney, Kathleen, Burmaz, Josip, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Hernu, Bénédicte, Green, Adrian, Lillie, Malcolm, Lazaridis, Iosif, Rohland, Nadin, Canet, Sylvain, Fernandes, Daniel M, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Hey, Gill, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Habermehl, Diederick, Meijlink, Bernard, Harris, James, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Horňák, Milan, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Mende, Balazs G., Amkreutz, Luc, Skae, Sabine, Hajdu, Tamás, Ilon, Gábor, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Menđušić, Marko, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Stephens, Mark, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Bonsall, Clive, Hamilton, Derek, Bradley, Pippa, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Metlička, Milan, Coppa, Alfredo, Istvánovits, Eszter, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Hayden, Chris, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, Meyer, Sophie, Milasinovic, Lidija, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Somogyi, Krisztina, Dobisíková, Miluše, Altena, Eveline, Domboróczki, László, Pinhasi, Ron, Mihovilić, Kristina, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Jones, Andy M, Fokkens, Harry, Callan, Kimberly, Hendriks, Joep, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Bernardos, Rebecca, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Armit, Ian, Tabor, Jonathan, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Brace, Selina, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Reich, David, Loe, Louise, Brittain, Marcus, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Foody, M George B, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Maxted, Andy, Minnitt, Steve, McIntyre, Lauren, Szeniczey, Tamás, McKinley, Jacqueline, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Freilich, Suzanne, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Candilio, Francesca, Brookes, Alison, Demetz, Lea, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Goodchild, Helen, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Brown, Fraser, Pilling, Zoltán, Gamble, Michelle, Culleton, Brendan, Kearns, Aisling, Price, T. Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Brown, Lisa, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Gyenesei, Katalin, and Tankó, Károly
Abstract: Present-day people from England and Wales have more ancestry derived from early European farmers (EEF) than did people of the Early Bronze Age1. To understand this, here we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and western and central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of people of England and Wales from the Iron Age, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to the Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange2-6. There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and the independent genetic trajectory in Britain is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to approximately 50% by this time compared to approximately 7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period.
Published: 2022

29. Investigation into the effect of ZnO nanorod coating on the thermal-mechanical and dielectric properties of ITO coated PET

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Papp, Ibolya Zita, Alegría, Ángel, Kónya, Zoltán, Kukovecz, Ákos, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Papp, Ibolya Zita, Alegría, Ángel, Kónya, Zoltán, and Kukovecz, Ákos
Abstract: ITO coated PET films are promising substrates for flexible, wearable sensors. The sensor functionality can be added by depositing a semiconductor layer on the ITO coating. This study investigates if such functionalization affects the basic thermomechanical properties of the substrate material. ZnO nanorods were grown directly on the ITO/PET surface from pre-made ZnO nanoparticle seeds. The samples were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffractometry. Their thermomechanical properties such as thermal degradation profile, glass transition temperature, as well as melting and crystallization transitions were studied by thermogravimetric analysis, modulated differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. Our findings indicate that even though the thermomechanical properties are clearly affected by the presence of the ZnO nanorod coating to some extent, the sensor substrate material remains usable because the original characteristics of the ITO/PET substrate do not deteriorate significantly.
Published: 2022

30. Rapidly rotating stars and their transiting planets: KELT-17b, KELT-19Ab, and KELT-21b in the CHEOPS and TESS era

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Slovak Academy of Sciences, Garai, Z., Pribulla, T., Kovács, J., Szabó, Gyula M., Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Komžík, R., Kundra, E., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Slovak Academy of Sciences, Garai, Z., Pribulla, T., Kovács, J., Szabó, Gyula M., Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Komžík, R., and Kundra, E.
Abstract: Rapidly rotating early-type main-sequence stars with transiting planets are interesting in many aspects. Unfortunately, several astrophysical effects in such systems are not well understood yet. Therefore, we performed a photometric mini-survey of three rapidly rotating stars with transiting planets, namely KELT-17b, KELT-19Ab, and KELT-21b, using the Characterising Exoplanets Satellite (CHEOPS), complemented with Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data, and spectroscopic data. We aimed at investigating the spin-orbit misalignment and its photometrical signs, therefore the high-quality light curves of the selected objects were tested for transit asymmetry, transit duration variations, and orbital precession. In addition, we performed transit time variation analyses, obtained new stellar parameters, and refined the system parameters. For KELT-17b and KELT-19Ab, we obtained significantly smaller planet radius as found before. The gravity-darkening effect is very small compared to the precision of CHEOPS data. We can report only on a tentative detection of the stellar inclination of KELT-21, which is about 60 deg. In KELT-17b and KELT-19Ab, we were able to exclude long-term transit duration variations causing orbital precession. The shorter transit duration of KELT-19Ab compared to the discovery paper is probably a consequence of a smaller planet radius. KELT-21b is promising from this viewpoint, but further precise observations are needed. We did not find any convincing evidence for additional objects in the systems. © 2022 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.
Published: 2022

31. Functional Traits Drive Dispersal Interactions Between European Waterfowl and Seeds

Author: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Almeida, Bia A., Lukács, Balázs A., Lovas-Kiss, Ádám, Reynolds, Chevonne, Green, Andy J., Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), Almeida, Bia A., Lukács, Balázs A., Lovas-Kiss, Ádám, Reynolds, Chevonne, and Green, Andy J.
Abstract: Endozoochory by waterfowl is important for a broad range of angiosperms, most of which lack a fleshy fruit. This dispersal function contributes to the formation and maintenance of plant communities and may allow range shifts for plant species under global change. However, our current understanding of what seed or plant traits are important for this dispersal mechanism, and how they relate to variation in waterbird traits, is extremely limited. We addressed this question using a unique dataset identifying the plant species whose seeds are ingested by 31 different waterfowl species in Europe. We used RLQ and fourth-corner analyses to explore relationships between (1) bird morphological and foraging strategy traits, and (2) plant traits related to seed morphology, environmental preferences, and growth form. We then used Generalized Additive Models to identify relationships between plant/seed traits and the number of waterfowl species that disperse them. Although many waterfowl feed intentionally on seeds, available seed trait data provided little explanation for patterns compared to plant traits such as Ellenberg indicators of habitat preference and life form. Geese were associated with terrestrial plants, ingesting seeds as they graze on land. Diving ducks were associated with strictly aquatic plants, ingesting seeds as they feed at greater depths. Dabbling ducks ingest seeds from plants with high light and temperature requirements, especially shoreline and ruderal species growing in or around the dynamic and shallow microhabitats favored by these birds. Overall, the number of waterfowl vector species (up to 13 per plant species) increases for plants with greater soil moisture requirements and salinity tolerance, reflecting the inclination of most waterfowl species to feed in coastal wetlands. Our findings underline the importance of waterfowl dispersal for plants that are not strictly aquatic, as well as for plants associated with high salinities. Furthermore, our re
Published: 2022

32. Transcriptomic mapping of non-small cell lung cancer K-RAS p.G12C mutated tumors: identification of surfaceome targets and immunologic correlates

Author: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación CRIS contra el Cáncer, Acepain Albacete, Diputación de Albacete, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Alcaraz-Sanabria, Ana [0000-0003-0524-4736], Cabañas, Esther [0000-0003-0929-6058], Fernández-Hinojal, Gonzalo [0000-0001-7452-9183], Velasco, Guillermo [0000-0002-1994-2386], Pérez-Segura, Pedro [0000-0001-5049-7199], Pandiella, Atanasio [0000-0002-4704-8971], Győrffy, Balázs [0000-0002-5772-3766], Ocaña, Alberto [0000-0002-1067-9630], Alcaraz-Sanabria, Ana, Cabañas, Esther, Fernández-Hinojal, Gonzalo, Velasco, Guillermo, Pérez-Segura, Pedro, Pandiella, Atanasio, Győrffy, Balázs, Ocaña, Alberto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación CRIS contra el Cáncer, Acepain Albacete, Diputación de Albacete, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Alcaraz-Sanabria, Ana [0000-0003-0524-4736], Cabañas, Esther [0000-0003-0929-6058], Fernández-Hinojal, Gonzalo [0000-0001-7452-9183], Velasco, Guillermo [0000-0002-1994-2386], Pérez-Segura, Pedro [0000-0001-5049-7199], Pandiella, Atanasio [0000-0002-4704-8971], Győrffy, Balázs [0000-0002-5772-3766], Ocaña, Alberto [0000-0002-1067-9630], Alcaraz-Sanabria, Ana, Cabañas, Esther, Fernández-Hinojal, Gonzalo, Velasco, Guillermo, Pérez-Segura, Pedro, Pandiella, Atanasio, Győrffy, Balázs, and Ocaña, Alberto
Abstract: Targeting K-RAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with novel inhibitors has shown promising results with the recent approval of sotorasib in this indication. However, progression to this agent is expected, as it has previously been observed with other inhibitors. Recently, new immune therapeutics, including vectorized compounds with antibodies or modulators of the host immune response, have demonstrated clinical activity. By interrogating massive datasets, including TCGA, we identified genes that code for surface membrane proteins that are selectively expressed in K-RAS mutated NSCLC and that could be used to vectorize novel therapies. Two genes, CLDN10 and TMPRSS6, were selected for their clear differentiation. In addition, we discovered immunologic correlates of outcome that were clearly de-regulated in this particular tumor type and we matched them with immune cell populations. In conclusion, our article describes membrane proteins and immunologic correlates that could be used to better select and optimize current therapies.
Published: 2022

33. biomonitoR: an R package for managing ecological data and calculating biomonitoring indices

Author: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Loughborough University, European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Bruno, Daniel [0000-0003-3976-9354], Laini, Alex, Guareschi, Simone, Bolpagni, Rossano, Burgazzi, Gemma, Bruno, Daniel, Gutiérrez-Cánovas, Cayetano, Miranda, Rafael, Mondy, Cédric, Várbíró, Gábor, Cancellario, Tommaso, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Loughborough University, European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Bruno, Daniel [0000-0003-3976-9354], Laini, Alex, Guareschi, Simone, Bolpagni, Rossano, Burgazzi, Gemma, Bruno, Daniel, Gutiérrez-Cánovas, Cayetano, Miranda, Rafael, Mondy, Cédric, Várbíró, Gábor, and Cancellario, Tommaso
Abstract: The monitoring of biological indicators is required to assess the impacts of environmental policies, compare ecosystems and guide management and conservation actions. However, the growing availability of ecological data has not been accompanied by concomitant processing tools able to facilitate data handling and analysis. Multiple common challenges limit the usefulness of biomonitoring information across ecosystems and biological groups. Biomonitoring data analysis is currently constrained by time-consuming steps for data preparation and a data processing environment with limited integration in terms of software, biological groups, and protocols. We introduce biomonitoR, a package for the R programming language that addresses technical challenges for the management of ecological data and metrics calculation. biomonitoR implements most of the biological indices currently used or proposed in different fields of ecology and water resource management. Its combination of customizable functions aims to support a transferable and comprehensive biomonitoring workflow in a user-friendly environment. biomonitoR represents a versatile toolbox with five main assets: (i) it checks taxonomic information against reference datasets allowing for customization of trait and sensitivity scores; (ii) it supports heterogeneous taxonomic resolution allowing computations at multiple taxonomic levels; (iii) it calculates multiple biological indices, including metrics for both broad and stressorspecific ecological assessments; (iv) it enables user-friendly data visualization, helping both decision-making processes and data interpretation; and (v) it allows working with an interactive web application straight from R. Overall, biomonitoR can benefit the wide biomonitoring community, including environmental private consultants, ecologists and natural resource managers.
Published: 2022

34. Effects of gravity and kinematic constraints on muscle synergies in arm cycling

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), European Commission, Botzheim, L., Laczko, Jozsef, Torricelli, Diego, Mravcsik, M., Pons Rovira, José Luis, Barroso, Filipe O., National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), European Commission, Botzheim, L., Laczko, Jozsef, Torricelli, Diego, Mravcsik, M., Pons Rovira, José Luis, and Barroso, Filipe O.
Abstract: Arm cycling is a bimanual motor task used in medical rehabilitation and in sports training. Understanding how muscle coordination changes across different biomechanical constraints in arm cycling is a step toward improved rehabilitation approaches. This exploratory study aims to get new insights on motor control during arm cycling. To achieve our main goal, we used the muscle synergies analysis to test three hypotheses: 1) body position with respect to gravity (sitting and supine) has an effect on muscle synergies; 2) the movement size (crank length) has an effect on the synergistic behavior; 3) the bimanual cranking mode (asynchronous and synchronous) requires different synergistic control. Thirteen able-bodied volunteers performed arm cranking on a custom-made device with unconnected cranks, which allowed testing three different conditions: body position (sitting vs. supine), crank length (10cm vs. 15cm), and cranking mode (synchronous vs. asynchronous). For each of the eight possible combinations, subjects cycled for 30s while electromyography of eight muscles (four from each arm) were recorded: biceps brachii, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, and posterior deltoid. Muscle synergies in this eight-dimensional muscle space were extracted by nonnegative matrix factorization. Four synergies accounted for over 90% of muscle activation variances in all conditions. Results showed that synergies were affected by body position and cranking mode but practically unaffected by movement size. These results suggest that the central nervous system may employ different motor control strategies in response to external constraints such as cranking mode and body position during arm cycling. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Recent studies analyzed muscle synergies in lower limb cycling. Here, we examine upper limb cycling and specifically the effect of body position with respect to gravity, movement size, and cranking mode on muscle coordination during arm cranking tasks. We show that altered bod
Published: 2021

35. Investigation of the ground-state spin inversion in the neutron-rich isotopes

Author: RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, European Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology of Vietnam, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Helmholtz International Center for FAIR, Croatian Science Foundation, German Research Foundation, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Energy (US), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US), University of Leicester, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Linh, B.D., Corsi, A., Gillibert, A., Obertelli, A., Doornenbal, P., Barbieri, C., Chen, S., Chung, L.X., Duguet, Thomas, Gómez-Ramos, M., Holt, J.D., Moro, A., Navrátil, P., Ogata, K., Phuc, N.T.T., Shimizu, N., Somà, V., Utsuno, Y., Achouri, N.L., Baba, H., Browne, F., Calvet, D., Château, F., Chiga, N., Cortés, M.L., Delbart, A., Gheller, J.M., Giganon, A., Hilaire, C., Isobe, T., Kobayashi, T., Kubota, Y., Lapoux, V., Liu, H. N., Motobayashi, T., Murray, I., Otsu, H., Panin, V., Paul, N., Rodriguez, W., Sakurai, H., Sasano, M., Steppenbeck, D., Stuhl, L., Sun, Y.L., Togano, Y., Uesaka, T., Wimmer, K., Yoneda, K., Vaquero, Victor, RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, European Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology of Vietnam, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Helmholtz International Center for FAIR, Croatian Science Foundation, German Research Foundation, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Energy (US), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US), University of Leicester, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Linh, B.D., Corsi, A., Gillibert, A., Obertelli, A., Doornenbal, P., Barbieri, C., Chen, S., Chung, L.X., Duguet, Thomas, Gómez-Ramos, M., Holt, J.D., Moro, A., Navrátil, P., Ogata, K., Phuc, N.T.T., Shimizu, N., Somà, V., Utsuno, Y., Achouri, N.L., Baba, H., Browne, F., Calvet, D., Château, F., Chiga, N., Cortés, M.L., Delbart, A., Gheller, J.M., Giganon, A., Hilaire, C., Isobe, T., Kobayashi, T., Kubota, Y., Lapoux, V., Liu, H. N., Motobayashi, T., Murray, I., Otsu, H., Panin, V., Paul, N., Rodriguez, W., Sakurai, H., Sasano, M., Steppenbeck, D., Stuhl, L., Sun, Y.L., Togano, Y., Uesaka, T., Wimmer, K., Yoneda, K., and Vaquero, Victor
Abstract: A first -ray study of spectroscopy was performed at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory with projectiles at 217 MeV/nucleon, impinging on the liquid hydrogen target of the MINOS device. Prompt deexcitation rays were measured with the NaI(Tl) array DALI2. Through the one-proton knockout reaction , a spin assignment could be determined for the low-lying states of from the momentum distribution obtained with the SAMURAI spectrometer. A spin-parity is deduced for the ground state of , similar to the recently studied isotope . The evolution of the energy difference is compared to state-of-the-art theoretical predictions.
Published: 2021

36. High-precision photometry with Ariel

Author: Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Szabó, Gyula M., Kálmán, Szilárd, Pribulla, Theodor, Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Mugnai, Lorenzo V., Pascale, Enzo, Waltham, Dave, Borsato, Luca, Garai, Zoltán, Szabó, Róbert, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Szabó, Gyula M., Kálmán, Szilárd, Pribulla, Theodor, Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Mugnai, Lorenzo V., Pascale, Enzo, Waltham, Dave, Borsato, Luca, Garai, Zoltán, and Szabó, Róbert
Abstract: In this paper we describe the photometry instruments of Ariel, consisting of the VISPhot, FGS1 and FGS2 photometers in the visual and mid-IR wavelength. These photometers have their own cadence, which can be independent from each other and the cadence of the spectral instruments. Ariel will be capable to do high cadence and high precision photometry in independent bands. There is also a possibility for synthetic Jsynth, Hsynth, and wide-band thermal infrared photometry from spectroscopic data. Although the cadence of the synthetic bands will be identical to that of the spectrographs, the precision of synthetic photometry in the suggested synthetic bands will be at least as precise as the optical data. We present the accuracy of these instruments. We also review selected fields of new science which will be opened up by the possibility of high cadence multiband space photometry, including stellar rotation, spin-orbit misalignment, orbital precession, planetary rotation and oblateness, tidal distortions, rings, and moons. © 2021, The Author(s).
Published: 2021

37. Ecological differentiation of Carex species coexisting in a wet meadow: Comparison of pot and field experiments

Author: Czech Science Foundation, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Tempus Public Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Tammaru, Keily, Košnar, Jan, Abbas, Amira Fatime, Barta, Karola Anna, de Bello, Francesco, Harrison, Stefan, Degli, Emilia Innocenti, Kiss, Réka, Lukács, Katalin, Neumann, Szilvia Márta, Wagia, Hayden, Puy, J., Lepš, J., Czech Science Foundation, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Tempus Public Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Tammaru, Keily, Košnar, Jan, Abbas, Amira Fatime, Barta, Karola Anna, de Bello, Francesco, Harrison, Stefan, Degli, Emilia Innocenti, Kiss, Réka, Lukács, Katalin, Neumann, Szilvia Márta, Wagia, Hayden, Puy, J., and Lepš, J.
Abstract: Competitive exclusion is to be expected between phylogenetically similar species that share traits and resources. However, species may overcome this, either through differentiation of their responses to biotic and abiotic conditions, or by trait differentiation, thus enabling their coexistence. We identified differences in phenotypic traits between seven coexisting Carex species and their responses to competition and fertilization in pot experiments, before using long-term field experiments to generate responses of the Carex species to fertilization and mowing and to illustrate temporal variability between species. Finally, we assessed how effective the results of the pot experiment were at predicting species responses in the field. In pot experiments, we found that species responded more to competition than to fertilization. Notably, all species showed similar responses to these factors in the pot experiments. Fertilization decreased the root:shoot ratio, whilst competition decreased growth-related characteristics such as total biomass, irrespective of the species. Differences among species were only found in their clonal response to competition, namely rhizome production and generation rate of new ramets. These findings support the idea that different clonal growth strategies may facilitate niche partitioning of Carex species. Species responses measured from pot experiments were poor predictors of their responses in the field experiment. Nevertheless, we confirmed the prediction that, over time, Carex species with lower growth rates in pot experiments showed more stable biomass production than in the field. We suggest that differences in clonal traits and temporal dynamics support the ability of Carex species to avoid competitive exclusion, enabling their coexistence.
Published: 2021

38. Sinking microplastics in the water column: simulations in the Mediterranean Sea

Author: European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Govern de les Illes Balears, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), CSIC - Unidad de Recursos de Información Científica para la Investigación (URICI), Fuente Marañón, Rebeca de la, Drótos, Gábor, Hernández-García, Emilio, López, Cristóbal, van Sebille, E., European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Govern de les Illes Balears, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), CSIC - Unidad de Recursos de Información Científica para la Investigación (URICI), Fuente Marañón, Rebeca de la, Drótos, Gábor, Hernández-García, Emilio, López, Cristóbal, and van Sebille, E.
Abstract: We study the vertical dispersion and distribution of negatively buoyant rigid microplastics within a realistic circulation model of the Mediterranean sea. We first propose an equation describing their idealized dynamics. In that framework, we evaluate the importance of some relevant physical effects (inertia, Coriolis force, small-scale turbulence and variable seawater density), and we bound the relative error of simplifying the dynamics to a constant sinking velocity added to a large-scale velocity field. We then calculate the amount and vertical distribution of microplastic particles on the water column of the open ocean if their release from the sea surface is continuous at rates compatible with observations in the Mediterranean. The vertical distribution is found to be almost uniform with depth for the majority of our parameter range. Transient distributions from flash releases reveal a non-Gaussian character of the dispersion and various diffusion laws, both normal and anomalous. The origin of these behaviors is explored in terms of horizontal and vertical flow organization.
Published: 2021

39. Local characterization of transient chaos on finite times in opensystems

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Drótos, Gábor [0000-0002-0900-5188], Hernández-García, Emilio [0000-0002-9568-8287], López, Cristóbal [0000-0002-3445-4284], Drótos, Gábor, Hernández-García, Emilio, López, Cristóbal, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Drótos, Gábor [0000-0002-0900-5188], Hernández-García, Emilio [0000-0002-9568-8287], López, Cristóbal [0000-0002-3445-4284], Drótos, Gábor, Hernández-García, Emilio, and López, Cristóbal
Abstract: To characterize local finite-time properties associated with transient chaos in open dynamicalsystems, we introduce an escape rate and fractal dimensions suitable for this purpose in acoarse-grained description. We numerically illustrate that these quantifiers have a considerablespread across the domain of the dynamics, but their spatial variation, especially on long butnon-asymptotic integration times, is approximately consistent with the relationship that wasrecognized by Kantz and Grassberger for temporally asymptotic quantifiers. In particular,deviations from this relationship are smaller than differences between various locations, whichconfirms the existence of such a dynamical law and the suitability of our quantifiers to representunderlying dynamical properties in the non-asymptotic regime.
Published: 2021

40. Nonlinear Forced Change and Nonergodicity: The Case of ENSO-Indian Monsoon and Global Precipitation Teleconnections

Author: Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Govern de les Illes Balears, Department of Energy (US), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US), Bódai, Tamás, Drótos, Gábor, Ha, Kyung-Ja, Lee, June-Yi, Chung, Eui-Seok, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Govern de les Illes Balears, Department of Energy (US), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US), Bódai, Tamás, Drótos, Gábor, Ha, Kyung-Ja, Lee, June-Yi, and Chung, Eui-Seok
Abstract: We study the forced response of the teleconnection between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (IM) in the Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble, a set of Earth system ensemble simulations under historical and Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) forcing. The forced response of the teleconnection, or a characteristic of it, is defined as the time dependence of a correlation coefficient evaluated over the ensemble. We consider the temporal variability of spatial averages and that with respect to dominant spatial modes in the sense of Maximal Covariance Analysis, Canonical Correlation Analysis and Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis across the ensemble. A further representation of the teleconnection that we define here takes the point of view of the predictability of the spatiotemporal variability of the Indian summer monsoon. We find that the strengthening of the ENSO-IM teleconnection is robustly or consistently featured in view of various teleconnection representations, whether sea surface temperature (SST) or sea level pressure (SLP) is used to characterize ENSO, and both in the historical period and under the RCP8.5 forcing scenario. It is found to be associated dominantly with the principal mode of ENSO variability. Concerning representations that involve an autonomous characterisation of the Pacific, in terms of a linear regression model, the main contributor to the strengthening is the regression coefficient, which can outcompete even a declining ENSO variability when it is represented by SLP. We also find that the forced change of the teleconnection is typically nonlinear by 1) formally rejecting the hypothesis that ergodicity holds, i.e., that expected values of temporal correlation coefficients with respect to the ensemble equal the ensemble-wise correlation coefficient itself, and also showing that 2) the trivial contributions of the forced changes in means and standard deviations are insignificant here. We also pro
Published: 2021

41. The 2017 May 20 stellar occultation by the elongated centaur (95626) 2002 GZ32

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, European Research Council, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, University of Florida, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Slovak Research and Development Agency, CSIC - Unidad de Recursos de Información Científica para la Investigación (URICI), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Santos Sanz, Pablo, Ortiz, José Luis, Morales, Nicolás, Duffard, René D., Vara-Lubiano, M., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, European Research Council, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, University of Florida, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Slovak Research and Development Agency, CSIC - Unidad de Recursos de Información Científica para la Investigación (URICI), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Santos Sanz, Pablo, Ortiz, José Luis, Morales, Nicolás, Duffard, René D., and Vara-Lubiano, M.
Abstract: We predicted a stellar occultation of the bright star Gaia DR1 4332852996360346368 (UCAC4 385-75921) (mV = 14.0 mag) by the centaur 2002 GZ32 for 2017 May 20. Our latest shadow path prediction was favourable to a large region in Europe. Observations were arranged in a broad region inside the nominal shadow path. Series of images were obtained with 29 telescopes throughout Europe and from six of them (five in Spain and one in Greece) we detected the occultation. This is the fourth centaur, besides Chariklo, Chiron, and Bienor, for which a multichord stellar occultation is reported. By means of an elliptical fit to the occultation chords, we obtained the limb of 2002 GZ32 during the occultation, resulting in an ellipse with axes of 305 ± 17 km × 146 ± 8 km. From this limb, thanks to a rotational light curve obtained shortly after the occultation, we derived the geometric albedo of 2002 GZ32 (pV = 0.043 ± 0.007) and a 3D ellipsoidal shape with axes 366 km × 306 km × 120 km. This shape is not fully consistent with a homogeneous body in hydrostatic equilibrium for the known rotation period of 2002 GZ32. The size (albedo) obtained from the occultation is respectively smaller (greater) than that derived from the radiometric technique but compatible within error bars. No rings or debris around 2002 GZ32 were detected from the occultation, but narrow and thin rings cannot be discarded. © 2020 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.
Published: 2021

42. Stressed tadpoles mount more efficient glucocorticoid negative feedback in anthropogenic habitats due to phenotypic plasticity

Author: National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Fulbright Commission, Bókony, Veronika, Ujhegyi, Nikolett, Hamow, Kamirán Á., Bosch, Jaime, Thumsová, Barbora, Vörös, Judit, Aspbury, Andrea S., Gabor, Caitlin R., National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Fulbright Commission, Bókony, Veronika, Ujhegyi, Nikolett, Hamow, Kamirán Á., Bosch, Jaime, Thumsová, Barbora, Vörös, Judit, Aspbury, Andrea S., and Gabor, Caitlin R.
Abstract: Coping with anthropogenic environmental change is among the greatest challenges faced by wildlife, and endocrine flexibility is a potentially crucial coping mechanism. Animals may adapt to anthropogenic environments by dampening their glucocorticoid stress response, but empirical tests of this hypothesis have provided mixed evidence. An alternative hypothesis is that a non-attenuated stress response and efficient negative feedback are favored in anthropogenic habitats. To test this idea, we non-invasively sampled corticosterone release rates of common toad (Bufo bufo) tadpoles in agricultural, urban, and natural habitats, and quantified their stress response and negative feedback by a standardized stress-and-recovery protocol. We repeated the same sampling with tadpoles raised from eggs from the same ponds in a common-garden experiment to infer if the differences observed between populations in different habitats were due to individual phenotypic plasticity rather than microevolution or transgenerational effects. We found that, compared to tadpoles in natural ponds, urban tadpoles had higher baseline and stressed corticosterone release rates, and tadpoles in agricultural ponds had similar corticosterone release rates but greater stress-induced change, indicating stronger stress responses in both types of anthropogenic habitats. As predicted, tadpoles in both agricultural and urban ponds showed more efficient negative feedback than did tadpoles in natural ponds. Water pollution levels, as indicated by the concentrations of carbamazepine and corticoid-disrupting compounds in pond water, contributed to elevating the stress response regardless of land use. Infection by neither Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis nor Ranavirus was detected in free-living tadpoles. No habitat-related glucocorticoid differences persisted in the common-garden experiment. These results suggest that toad tadpoles in anthropogenic habitats increased their glucocorticoid flexibility via phenotypic p
Published: 2021

43. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1284-1382

Author: Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment (New Zealand), Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Charles University (Czech Republic), European Commission, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), Research Foundation - Flanders, Russian Science Foundation, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Universidad de Alcalá, Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación (Chile), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Estonian Research Council, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Swedish Taxonomy Initiative, Australian Biological Resources Study, Croatian Science Foundation, Fundación Séneca, National Science Foundation (US), New York Botanical Garden, National Science Centre (Poland), Russian Academy of Sciences, Crous, P. W., Osieck, E. R., Jurjević, Željko, Boers, J., Iperen, A. L. van, Starink-Willemse, M., Dima, B., Balashov, S., Bulgakov, T. S., Johnston, P. R., Morozova, O. V., Barreto, R. W., Baseia, I. G., Miller, A. N., Bellanger, J.-M., Berraf-Tebbal, Akila, Biketova, A. Yu., Malysheva, V. F, Bukharova, N. V., Burgess, T. I., Cabero, J., Navarro-Ródenas, A., Câmara, M. P. S., Cano-Lira, J. F., Ceryngier, P., Mironova, P., Chávez, R., Cowan, D. A., Lima, A. F. de, Oliveira, R. L., Martín, B., Denman, S., Nel, W. J., Dang, Q. N., Dovana, F., Duarte, I. G., Eichmeier, Ales, Pinruan, U., Erhard, A., Esteve-Raventós, F., Fellin, A., Ferisin, G., Ferreira, Renato Juciano, Zhao, L., Martín, María P., Ferrer, A., Finy, P., Gaya, E., Geering, A. D. W., Moreau, Pierre-Arthur, Gil-Durán, C., Glässnerová, K., Glushakova, A. M., Gramaje, David, Nguyen, T. H., Guard, F. E., Guarnizo, A.L., Matočec, N., Haelewaters, D., Halling, R. E., Hill, R., Morte, A., Hirooka, Y., Hubka, V., Iliushin, V. A., Nóbrega, T. F., Ivanova, D. D., Ivanushkina, N. E., Jangsantear, P., Justo, A., McTaggart, Alistair R., Kachalkin, A.V., Kato, S., Müller, K., Khamsuntorn, P., Kirtsideli, I. Y., Noordeloos, M. E., Knapp, D. G., Kochkina, G. A., Koukol, O., Kovács, G. M., Kruse, J., Kumar, T. K. A., Mehrabi-Koushki, M., Kušan, I., Nagy, L. G., Læssøe, T., Sommai, S., Larsson, E., Lebeuf, R., Levicán, G., Loizides, M., Marinho, P., Luangsa-Ard, J. J., Lukina, E. G., Magaña-Dueñas, V., Mešić, A., Nanu, S., Olariaga, I., Maggs-Kölling, G., Overton, B. E., Ozerskaya, S. M., Angelini, C., Palani, P., Pancorbo, F., Papp, V., Abdollahzadeh, J., Pawłowska, J., Pham, T. Q., Phosri, C., Popov, E. S., Alvarado, P., Portugal, A., Antonín, V., Pošta, A., Reschke, K., Reul, M., Ricci, G. M., Abrinbana, M., Rodríguez, A., Romanowski, J., Ruchikachorn, N., Saar, I., Safi, A., Malysheva, E. F., Decock, Cony A., Sakolrak, B., Salzmann, F., Sandoval-Denis, M., Sangwichein, E., Ageev, D. V., Sanhueza, L., Sato, T., Sastoque, A., Senn-Irlet, B., Arenas, F., Shibata, A., Siepe, K., Lebel, T., Somrithipol, S., Spetik, M., Sridhar, P., Akhmetova, G., Stchigel, A. M., Stuskova, Katerina, Suwannasai, N., Asselman, P., Tan, Y. P., Thangavel, R., Tiago, I., Tiwari, S., McMullan-Fisher, S., Tkalčec, Z., Tomashevskaya, M. A., Alexandrova, A. V., Tonegawa, C., Tran, H. X., Badali, F., Tran, N. T., Trovão, J., Trubitsyn, V. E., Wyk, J. van, Vieira, Willie A. S., Vila, J., Moreno, G., Visagie, C. M., Altés, A., Vizzini, Alfredo, Baghela, A., Volobuev, S. W., Vu, D. T., Wangsawat, N., Yaguchi, T., Ercole, E., Ferreira, B. W., Souza, A. P. de, Vieira, B. S., Shivas, R. G., Amaral, A. G. G., Bañares, Ángel, Groenewald, J. Z., Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment (New Zealand), Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Charles University (Czech Republic), European Commission, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), Research Foundation - Flanders, Russian Science Foundation, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Universidad de Alcalá, Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación (Chile), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Estonian Research Council, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Swedish Taxonomy Initiative, Australian Biological Resources Study, Croatian Science Foundation, Fundación Séneca, National Science Foundation (US), New York Botanical Garden, National Science Centre (Poland), Russian Academy of Sciences, Crous, P. W., Osieck, E. R., Jurjević, Željko, Boers, J., Iperen, A. L. van, Starink-Willemse, M., Dima, B., Balashov, S., Bulgakov, T. S., Johnston, P. R., Morozova, O. V., Barreto, R. W., Baseia, I. G., Miller, A. N., Bellanger, J.-M., Berraf-Tebbal, Akila, Biketova, A. Yu., Malysheva, V. F, Bukharova, N. V., Burgess, T. I., Cabero, J., Navarro-Ródenas, A., Câmara, M. P. S., Cano-Lira, J. F., Ceryngier, P., Mironova, P., Chávez, R., Cowan, D. A., Lima, A. F. de, Oliveira, R. L., Martín, B., Denman, S., Nel, W. J., Dang, Q. N., Dovana, F., Duarte, I. G., Eichmeier, Ales, Pinruan, U., Erhard, A., Esteve-Raventós, F., Fellin, A., Ferisin, G., Ferreira, Renato Juciano, Zhao, L., Martín, María P., Ferrer, A., Finy, P., Gaya, E., Geering, A. D. W., Moreau, Pierre-Arthur, Gil-Durán, C., Glässnerová, K., Glushakova, A. M., Gramaje, David, Nguyen, T. H., Guard, F. E., Guarnizo, A.L., Matočec, N., Haelewaters, D., Halling, R. E., Hill, R., Morte, A., Hirooka, Y., Hubka, V., Iliushin, V. A., Nóbrega, T. F., Ivanova, D. D., Ivanushkina, N. E., Jangsantear, P., Justo, A., McTaggart, Alistair R., Kachalkin, A.V., Kato, S., Müller, K., Khamsuntorn, P., Kirtsideli, I. Y., Noordeloos, M. E., Knapp, D. G., Kochkina, G. A., Koukol, O., Kovács, G. M., Kruse, J., Kumar, T. K. A., Mehrabi-Koushki, M., Kušan, I., Nagy, L. G., Læssøe, T., Sommai, S., Larsson, E., Lebeuf, R., Levicán, G., Loizides, M., Marinho, P., Luangsa-Ard, J. J., Lukina, E. G., Magaña-Dueñas, V., Mešić, A., Nanu, S., Olariaga, I., Maggs-Kölling, G., Overton, B. E., Ozerskaya, S. M., Angelini, C., Palani, P., Pancorbo, F., Papp, V., Abdollahzadeh, J., Pawłowska, J., Pham, T. Q., Phosri, C., Popov, E. S., Alvarado, P., Portugal, A., Antonín, V., Pošta, A., Reschke, K., Reul, M., Ricci, G. M., Abrinbana, M., Rodríguez, A., Romanowski, J., Ruchikachorn, N., Saar, I., Safi, A., Malysheva, E. F., Decock, Cony A., Sakolrak, B., Salzmann, F., Sandoval-Denis, M., Sangwichein, E., Ageev, D. V., Sanhueza, L., Sato, T., Sastoque, A., Senn-Irlet, B., Arenas, F., Shibata, A., Siepe, K., Lebel, T., Somrithipol, S., Spetik, M., Sridhar, P., Akhmetova, G., Stchigel, A. M., Stuskova, Katerina, Suwannasai, N., Asselman, P., Tan, Y. P., Thangavel, R., Tiago, I., Tiwari, S., McMullan-Fisher, S., Tkalčec, Z., Tomashevskaya, M. A., Alexandrova, A. V., Tonegawa, C., Tran, H. X., Badali, F., Tran, N. T., Trovão, J., Trubitsyn, V. E., Wyk, J. van, Vieira, Willie A. S., Vila, J., Moreno, G., Visagie, C. M., Altés, A., Vizzini, Alfredo, Baghela, A., Volobuev, S. W., Vu, D. T., Wangsawat, N., Yaguchi, T., Ercole, E., Ferreira, B. W., Souza, A. P. de, Vieira, B. S., Shivas, R. G., Amaral, A. G. G., Bañares, Ángel, and Groenewald, J. Z.
Abstract: Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antartica, Cladosporium austrolitorale from coastal sea sand. Australia, Austroboletus yourkae on soil, Crepidotus innuopurpureus on dead wood, Curvularia stenotaphri from roots and leaves of Stenotaphrum secundatum and Thecaphora stajsicii from capsules of Oxalis radicosa. Belgium, Paraxerochrysium coryli (incl. Paraxerochrysium gen. nov.) from Corylus avellana. Brazil, Calvatia nordestina on soil, Didymella tabebuiicola from leaf spots on Tabebuia aurea, Fusarium subflagellisporum from hypertrophied floral and vegetative branches of Mangifera indica and Microdochium maculosum from living leaves of Digitaria insularis. Canada, Cuphophyllus bondii fromagrassland. Croatia, Mollisia inferiseptata from a rotten Laurus nobilis trunk. Cyprus, Amanita exilis oncalcareoussoil. Czech Republic, Cytospora hippophaicola from wood of symptomatic Vaccinium corymbosum. Denmark, Lasiosphaeria deviata on pieces of wood and herbaceousdebris. Dominican Republic, Calocybella goethei among grass on a lawn. France (Corsica) , Inocybe corsica onwetground. France (French Guiana) , Trechispora patawaensis on decayed branch of unknown angiosperm tree and Trechispora subregularis on decayed log of unknown angiosperm tree. [...]
Published: 2021

44. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1182-1283

Author: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Swedish Taxonomy Initiative, German Research Foundation, LOEWE Center for Insect Biotechnology & Bioresources, Russian Government, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, University of Warsaw, European Commission, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Russian Science Foundation, Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (Australia), Department of Agriculture and Water Resources (Australia), Croatian Science Foundation, Department of Science and Technology (India), International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Bulgarian National Science Fund, Universidad de Alcalá, Charles University (Czech Republic), Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic, Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre, University of Oslo, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Fundación Séneca, Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, Crous, P. W., Cowan, D. A., Maggs-Kölling, G., Yilmaz, N., Thangavel, R., Wingfield, M. J., Noordeloos, M. E., Dima, B., Brandrud, T. E., Jansen, G. M., Morozova, O. V., Cunnington, J. H., Biketova, A. Yu., Blomquist, C. L., Boekhout, T., Boertmann, D., Bulyonkova, T. M., Burgess, T. I., Cruz, M. O. da, Damm, U., Davoodian, N., Matočec, N., Santiago, A. L. C. M. de A., Dearnaley, J., Freitas, L. W. S., Mahamedi, A. E., Dhileepan, K., Dimitrov, R., Di Piazza, S., Fatima, S., Fuljer, F., Galera, H., Kušan, I., Ghosh, A., Giraldo, A., Glushakova, A. M., Gorczak, M., Malysheva, V. F, Gouliamova, D. E., Gramaje, David, Groenewald, M., Gunsch, C. K., Gutierrez-Aguirregabiria, A., Lad, S., Holdom, D., Houbraken, J., Ismailov, A. B., Istel, Ł., Iturriaga, T., Mateos, A., Jeppson, M., Jurjević, Željko, Kalinina, L. B., Kapitonov, V. I., Læssøe, T., Kautmanová, I., Khalid, Abdul Nasir, Kiran, M., Kiss, L., Kovács, A., Kurose, D., Lee, H. B., Luangsa-Ard, J. J., Lynch, M., Mešić, A., Miller, A. N., Mongkolsamrit, S., Bishop-Hurley, S., Moreno, G., Morte, A., Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, R., Vila, J., Naseer, Arooj, Navarro-Ródenas, A., Nguyen, T. T. T., Noisripoom, W., Ntandu, J. E., Nuytinck, J., Volobuev, S. V., Ostrý, V., Pankratov, T. A., Pawłowska, J., Pečenka, Jakub, Shivas, R. G., Pham, T. H. G., Polhorský, A., Pošta, A., Raudabaugh, D. B., Reschke, K., Weill, A., Rodríguez, A., Romero, M., Rooney-Latham, S., Roux, J., Sandoval-Denis, M., Tan, Y. P., Smith, M. Th., Steinrucken, T. V., Svetasheva, T. Y., Tkalčec, Z., Wrzosek, M., Linde, E. J. van der, Vegte, M., Vauras, J., Verbeken, A., Visagie, C. M., Vitelli, J. S., Zmitrovich, I. V., Zvyagina, E. A., Groenewald, J. Z., Lacey, E., Marney, T. S., Larsson, K.-H., Carnegie, A. J., Le Floch, G, Lombard, L., Nodet, P., Hubka, V., Alvarado, P., Berraf-Tebbal, Akila, Reyes, J. D., Delgado, Gregorio, Eichmeier, Ales, Jordal, J. B., Cobo-Díaz, José F., Kachalkin, A.V., Kubátová, A., Maciá-Vicente, José G., Malysheva, E. F., Papp, V., Rajeshkumar, Kunhiraman C., Sharma, A., Spetik, M., Szabóová, D., Tomashevskaya, M. A., Corriol, G., Abad, J. A., Abad, Z. G., Alexandrova, A. V., Anand, G., Arenas, F., Ashtekar, N., Balashov, S., Bañares, Ángel, Baroncelli, R., Bera, I., Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Swedish Taxonomy Initiative, German Research Foundation, LOEWE Center for Insect Biotechnology & Bioresources, Russian Government, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, University of Warsaw, European Commission, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Russian Science Foundation, Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (Australia), Department of Agriculture and Water Resources (Australia), Croatian Science Foundation, Department of Science and Technology (India), International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Bulgarian National Science Fund, Universidad de Alcalá, Charles University (Czech Republic), Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic, Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Hungary), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre, University of Oslo, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Fundación Séneca, Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, Crous, P. W., Cowan, D. A., Maggs-Kölling, G., Yilmaz, N., Thangavel, R., Wingfield, M. J., Noordeloos, M. E., Dima, B., Brandrud, T. E., Jansen, G. M., Morozova, O. V., Cunnington, J. H., Biketova, A. Yu., Blomquist, C. L., Boekhout, T., Boertmann, D., Bulyonkova, T. M., Burgess, T. I., Cruz, M. O. da, Damm, U., Davoodian, N., Matočec, N., Santiago, A. L. C. M. de A., Dearnaley, J., Freitas, L. W. S., Mahamedi, A. E., Dhileepan, K., Dimitrov, R., Di Piazza, S., Fatima, S., Fuljer, F., Galera, H., Kušan, I., Ghosh, A., Giraldo, A., Glushakova, A. M., Gorczak, M., Malysheva, V. F, Gouliamova, D. E., Gramaje, David, Groenewald, M., Gunsch, C. K., Gutierrez-Aguirregabiria, A., Lad, S., Holdom, D., Houbraken, J., Ismailov, A. B., Istel, Ł., Iturriaga, T., Mateos, A., Jeppson, M., Jurjević, Željko, Kalinina, L. B., Kapitonov, V. I., Læssøe, T., Kautmanová, I., Khalid, Abdul Nasir, Kiran, M., Kiss, L., Kovács, A., Kurose, D., Lee, H. B., Luangsa-Ard, J. J., Lynch, M., Mešić, A., Miller, A. N., Mongkolsamrit, S., Bishop-Hurley, S., Moreno, G., Morte, A., Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, R., Vila, J., Naseer, Arooj, Navarro-Ródenas, A., Nguyen, T. T. T., Noisripoom, W., Ntandu, J. E., Nuytinck, J., Volobuev, S. V., Ostrý, V., Pankratov, T. A., Pawłowska, J., Pečenka, Jakub, Shivas, R. G., Pham, T. H. G., Polhorský, A., Pošta, A., Raudabaugh, D. B., Reschke, K., Weill, A., Rodríguez, A., Romero, M., Rooney-Latham, S., Roux, J., Sandoval-Denis, M., Tan, Y. P., Smith, M. Th., Steinrucken, T. V., Svetasheva, T. Y., Tkalčec, Z., Wrzosek, M., Linde, E. J. van der, Vegte, M., Vauras, J., Verbeken, A., Visagie, C. M., Vitelli, J. S., Zmitrovich, I. V., Zvyagina, E. A., Groenewald, J. Z., Lacey, E., Marney, T. S., Larsson, K.-H., Carnegie, A. J., Le Floch, G, Lombard, L., Nodet, P., Hubka, V., Alvarado, P., Berraf-Tebbal, Akila, Reyes, J. D., Delgado, Gregorio, Eichmeier, Ales, Jordal, J. B., Cobo-Díaz, José F., Kachalkin, A.V., Kubátová, A., Maciá-Vicente, José G., Malysheva, E. F., Papp, V., Rajeshkumar, Kunhiraman C., Sharma, A., Spetik, M., Szabóová, D., Tomashevskaya, M. A., Corriol, G., Abad, J. A., Abad, Z. G., Alexandrova, A. V., Anand, G., Arenas, F., Ashtekar, N., Balashov, S., Bañares, Ángel, Baroncelli, R., and Bera, I.
Abstract: Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Algeria, Phaeoacremonium adelophialidum from Vitis vinifera. Antarctica, Comoclathris antarctica from soil. Australia, Coniochaeta salicifolia as endophyte from healthy leaves of Geijera salicifolia, Eremothecium peggii in fruit of Citrus australis, Microdochium ratticaudae from stem of Sporobolus natalensis, Neocelosporium corymbiae on stems of Corymbia variegata, Phytophthora kelmanii from rhizosphere soil of Ptilotus pyramidatus, Pseudosydowia backhousiae on living leaves of Backhousia citriodora, Pseudosydowia indoor oopillyensis, Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae and Pseudosydowia queenslandica on living leaves of Eucalyptus sp. Brazil, Absidia montepascoalis from soil. Chile, Ilyonectria zarorii from soil under Maytenus boaria. Costa Rica, Colletotrichum filicis from an unidentified fern. Croatia, Mollisia endogranulata on deteriorated hardwood. Czech Republic, Arcopilus navicularis from tea bag with fruit tea, Neosetophoma buxi as endophyte from Buxus sempervirens, Xerochrysium bohemicum on surface of biscuits with chocolate glaze and filled with jam. France, Entoloma cyaneobasale on basic to calcareous soil, Fusarium aconidiale from Triticum aestivum, Fusarium juglandicola from buds of Juglans regia. Germany, Tetraploa endophytica as endophyte from Microthlaspi perfoliatum roots. India, Castanediella ambae on leaves of Mangifera indica, Lactifluus kanadii on soil under Castanopsis sp., Penicillium uttarakhandense from soil. Italy, Penicillium ferraniaense from compost. Namibia, Bezerromyces gobabebensis on leaves of unidentified succulent, Cladosporium stipagrostidicola on leaves of Stipagrostis sp., Cymostachys euphorbiae on leaves of Euphorbia sp., Deniquelata hypolithi from hypolith under a rock, Hysterobrevium walvisbayicola on leaves of unidentified tree, Knufia hypolithi and Knufia walvisbayicola from hypolith under a rock, Lapidomyces stipagrostidicola on leave
Published: 2021

45. Properties of slowly rotating asteroids from the Convex Inversion Thermophysical Model

Author: National Science Centre (Poland), European Commission, Czech Science Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Marciniak, A., Duffard, René D., Morales, Nicolás, National Science Centre (Poland), European Commission, Czech Science Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Marciniak, A., Duffard, René D., and Morales, Nicolás
Abstract: Context. Recent results for asteroid rotation periods from the TESS mission showed how strongly previous studies have underestimated the number of slow rotators, revealing the importance of studying those targets. For most slowly rotating asteroids (those with P > 12 h), no spin and shape model is available because of observation selection effects. This hampers determination of their thermal parameters and accurate sizes. Also, it is still unclear whether signatures of different surface material properties can be seen in thermal inertia determined from mid-infrared thermal flux fitting. Aims. We continue our campaign in minimising selection effects among main belt asteroids. Our targets are slow rotators with low light-curve amplitudes. Our goal is to provide their scaled spin and shape models together with thermal inertia, albedo, and surface roughness to complete the statistics. Methods. Rich multi-apparition datasets of dense light curves are supplemented with data from Kepler and TESS spacecrafts. In addition to data in the visible range, we also use thermal data from infrared space observatories (mainly IRAS, Akari and WISE) in a combined optimisation process using the Convex Inversion Thermophysical Model. This novel method has so far been applied to only a few targets, and therefore in this work we further validate the method itself. Results. We present the models of 16 slow rotators, including two updated models. All provide good fits to both thermal and visible data.The obtained sizes are on average accurate at the 5% precision level, with diameters found to be in the range from 25 to 145 km. The rotation periods of our targets range from 11 to 59 h, and the thermal inertia covers a wide range of values, from 2 to <400 J m-2 s-1/ 2 K-1, not showing any correlation with the period. Conclusions. With this work we increase the sample of slow rotators with reliable spin and shape models and known thermal inertia by 40%. The thermal inertia values of our sample
Published: 2021

46. Nuclear structure of Te isotopes beyond neutron magic number N=82

Author: RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, University of Tokyo, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Moon, B., Jungclaus, Andrea, Naïdja, H., Gargano, A., Lozeva, R., Moon, C.B., Odahara, A., Simpson, G. S., Nishimura, S., Browne, F., Doornenbal, P., Gey, G., Keatings, J., Lorusso, G., Patel, Z., Rice, S., Si, M., Sinclair, L., Söderström, P. A., Sumikama, T., Taprogge, J., Watanabe, H., Wu, J., Xu, Z. Y., Yagi, A., Ahn, D. S., Baba, H., Bello Garrote, F. L., Bönig, S., Daido, R., Daugas, J.M., Didierjean, F., Drouet, F., Fang, Y., Fukuda, N., Gernhäuser, R., Hong, B., Ideguchi, E., Ilieva, S., Inabe, N., Ishigaki, T., Isobe, T., Jung, H. S., Kameda, D., Kojouharov, I., Komatsubara, T., Kröll, T., Kubo, T., Kurz, N., Kwon, Y. K., Lee, C. S., Lee, P., Li, Z., Montaner-Pizá, A., Morimoto, S., Moschner, K., Mücher, D., Murai, D., Niikura, M., Nishibata, H., Nishizuka, I., Orlandi, R., Sakurai, H., Schaffner, H., Shimizu, Y., Steiger, K., Suzuki, H., Takeda, H., Tshoo, K., Vajta, Zs, Wendt, A., Yokoyama, R., Yoshinaga, K., RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, University of Tokyo, Institute for Basic Science (South Korea), National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Moon, B., Jungclaus, Andrea, Naïdja, H., Gargano, A., Lozeva, R., Moon, C.B., Odahara, A., Simpson, G. S., Nishimura, S., Browne, F., Doornenbal, P., Gey, G., Keatings, J., Lorusso, G., Patel, Z., Rice, S., Si, M., Sinclair, L., Söderström, P. A., Sumikama, T., Taprogge, J., Watanabe, H., Wu, J., Xu, Z. Y., Yagi, A., Ahn, D. S., Baba, H., Bello Garrote, F. L., Bönig, S., Daido, R., Daugas, J.M., Didierjean, F., Drouet, F., Fang, Y., Fukuda, N., Gernhäuser, R., Hong, B., Ideguchi, E., Ilieva, S., Inabe, N., Ishigaki, T., Isobe, T., Jung, H. S., Kameda, D., Kojouharov, I., Komatsubara, T., Kröll, T., Kubo, T., Kurz, N., Kwon, Y. K., Lee, C. S., Lee, P., Li, Z., Montaner-Pizá, A., Morimoto, S., Moschner, K., Mücher, D., Murai, D., Niikura, M., Nishibata, H., Nishizuka, I., Orlandi, R., Sakurai, H., Schaffner, H., Shimizu, Y., Steiger, K., Suzuki, H., Takeda, H., Tshoo, K., Vajta, Zs, Wendt, A., Yokoyama, R., and Yoshinaga, K.
Abstract: Newly observed decay schemes of the nuclei Sb137 and Sb138 are reported. The neutron-rich Sb isotopes were produced by the in-flight fragmentation of a U238 primary beam with an energy of 345 MeV/nucleon. Several new excited states of Te137 with tentatively assigned spin-parities of (5/2-), (9/2-), and (7/2) have been established which play an important role in the evolution of neutron levels beyond N=82. The study of the ß decay of Sb138 led to a considerable extension of the level scheme of Te138 including the identification of several nonyrast states. The structure of Te137 and Te138 is discussed on the basis of large-scale shell-model calculations performed using two different effective interactions.
Published: 2021

47. Isomeric states in neutron-rich nuclei around $N = 40$

Author: RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, University of Tokyo, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), German Research Foundation, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), National Research Foundation of Korea, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Human Capacities (Hungary), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Wimmer, K., Recchia, F., Lenzi, Silvia M., Riccetto, S., Davinson, T., Estrade, A., Griffin, C.J., Nishimura, S., Phong, V., Söderström, P. -A., Aktas, O., Al-Aqeel, M., Ando, T., Baba, H., Bae, S., Choi, S., Doornenbal, P., Ha, J., Harkness-Brennan, L.J., Isobe, T., John, P.R., Kahl, D., Kiss, G., Kojouharov, I., Kurz, N., Labiche, M., Matsui, K., Momiyama, S., Napoli, D.R., Niikura, M., Nita, C., Saito, Y., Sakurai, H., Schaffner, H., Schrock, P., Stahl, C., Sumikama, T., Werner, V., Witt, W., Woods, P.J., RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, University of Tokyo, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), German Research Foundation, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), National Research Foundation of Korea, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry of Human Capacities (Hungary), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Wimmer, K., Recchia, F., Lenzi, Silvia M., Riccetto, S., Davinson, T., Estrade, A., Griffin, C.J., Nishimura, S., Phong, V., Söderström, P. -A., Aktas, O., Al-Aqeel, M., Ando, T., Baba, H., Bae, S., Choi, S., Doornenbal, P., Ha, J., Harkness-Brennan, L.J., Isobe, T., John, P.R., Kahl, D., Kiss, G., Kojouharov, I., Kurz, N., Labiche, M., Matsui, K., Momiyama, S., Napoli, D.R., Niikura, M., Nita, C., Saito, Y., Sakurai, H., Schaffner, H., Schrock, P., Stahl, C., Sumikama, T., Werner, V., Witt, W., and Woods, P.J.
Abstract: Neutron-rich nuclei in the vicinity of the $N=40$ island of inversion are characterized by shell evolution and exhibit deformed ground states. In several nuclei isomeric states have been observed and attributed to excitations to the intruder neutron $1g_{9/2}$ orbital. In the present study we searched for isomeric states in nuclei around $N=40$, $Z=22$ produced by projectile fragmentation at RIBF. Delayed $\gamma$ rays were detected by the EURICA germanium detector array. High statistics data allowed for an updated decay scheme of $^{60}$V. The lifetime of an isomeric state in $^{64}$V was measured for the first time in the present experiment. A previously unobserved isomeric state was discovered in $^{58}$Sc. The measured lifetime suggests a parity changing transition, originating from an odd number of neutrons in the $1g_{9/2}$ orbital. The nature of the isomeric state in $^{58}$Sc is thus different from isomers in the less exotic V and Sc nuclei.
Published: 2021

48. Bees increase seed set of wild plants while the proportion of arable land has a variable effect on pollination in European agricultural landscapes

Author: European Commission, Office of Science, Technology and Higher Education (Switzerland), Ministry of Education and Research (Estonia), Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine (Ireland), Irish Research Council, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Mount Allison University, Herbertsson, L., Ekroos, J., Albrecht, Matthias, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Batáry, Péter, Bommarco, Riccardo, Caplat, Paul, Diekötter, Tim, Eikestam, Jenny M., Entling, Martin H., Farbu, Sunniva, Farwig, Nina, González-Varo, Juan P., Hass, Annika L., Holzschuh, Andrea, Hopfenmüller, Sebastian, Jakobsson, Anna, Jauker, Birgit, Kovács-Hostyánszki, Aniko, Kleve, Wera, Kunin, William E., Lindström, Sandra A. M., Mullen, Sarah, Öckinger, Erik, Petanidou, Theodora, Potts, Simon G., Power, Eileen F., Rundlöf, Maj, Seibel, Kathrin, Söderman, Annika, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Stout, Jane C., Teder, Tiit, Tscharntke, Teja, Smith, Henrick G., European Commission, Office of Science, Technology and Higher Education (Switzerland), Ministry of Education and Research (Estonia), Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine (Ireland), Irish Research Council, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Mount Allison University, Herbertsson, L., Ekroos, J., Albrecht, Matthias, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Batáry, Péter, Bommarco, Riccardo, Caplat, Paul, Diekötter, Tim, Eikestam, Jenny M., Entling, Martin H., Farbu, Sunniva, Farwig, Nina, González-Varo, Juan P., Hass, Annika L., Holzschuh, Andrea, Hopfenmüller, Sebastian, Jakobsson, Anna, Jauker, Birgit, Kovács-Hostyánszki, Aniko, Kleve, Wera, Kunin, William E., Lindström, Sandra A. M., Mullen, Sarah, Öckinger, Erik, Petanidou, Theodora, Potts, Simon G., Power, Eileen F., Rundlöf, Maj, Seibel, Kathrin, Söderman, Annika, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Stout, Jane C., Teder, Tiit, Tscharntke, Teja, and Smith, Henrick G.
Abstract: Background and aims – Agricultural intensification and loss of farmland heterogeneity have contributed to population declines of wild bees and other pollinators, which may have caused subsequent declines in insect-pollinated wild plants. Material and methods – Using data from 37 studies on 22 pollinator-dependent wild plant species across Europe, we investigated whether flower visitation and seed set of insect-pollinated plants decline with an increasing proportion of arable land within 1 km. Key results – Seed set increased with increasing flower visitation by bees, most of which were wild bees, but not with increasing flower visitation by other insects. Increasing proportion of arable land had a strongly variable effect on seed set and flower visitation by bees across studies. Conclusion – Factors such as landscape configuration, local habitat quality, and temporally changing resource availability (e.g. due to mass-flowering crops or honey bee hives) could have modified the effect of arable land on pollination. While our results highlight that the persistence of wild bees is crucial to maintain plant diversity, we also show that pollen limitation due to declining bee populations in homogenized agricultural landscapes is not a universal driver causing parallel losses of bees and insect-pollinated plants.
Published: 2021

49. Role of iodine oxoacids in atmospheric aerosol nucleation

Author: European Organization for Nuclear Research, Academy of Finland, European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Austrian Science Fund, Swiss National Science Foundation, National Science Foundation (US), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Estonian Research Council, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), He, Xu-Cheng, Tham, Yee Jun, Dada, Lubna, Wang, Mingyi, Finkenzeller, Henning, Stolzenburg, D., Iyer, S., Simon, Mario, Kürten, A., Shen, Jiali, Rörup, Birte, Volkamer, Rainer, Kirkby, Jasper, Worsnop, Douglas R., Sipilä, Mikko, Rissanen, Matti, Schobesberger, Siegfried, Baalbaki, Rima, Wang, Dongyo S., Koenig, T.K., Jokinen, Tuija, Sarnela, Nina, Beck, Lisa J., Almeida, João, Amanatidis, Stavros, Amorim, António, Ataei, F., Baccarini, Andrea, Bertozzi, Barbara, Bianchi, Federico, Brilke, Sophia, Caudillo, Lucía, Chen, Dexian, Chiu, Randall, Chu, Biwu, Dias, A., Ding, Aijun, Dommen, J., Duplissy, Jonathan, El Haddad, I., González Carracedo, Loïc, Granzin, Manuel, Hansel, A., Heinritzi, Martin, Hofbauer, Victoria, Junninen, Heikki, Kangasluoma, Juha, Kemppainen, Deniz, Kim, Changyuk, Kong, Weimeng, Krechmer, Jordan E., Kvashin, Aleksander, Laitinen, Totti, Lamkaddam, Houssni, Lee, Chuan Ping, Lehtipalo, Katrianne, Leiminger, Markus, Li, Zijun, Makhmutov, Vladimir, Manninen, Hanna E., Marie, Guillaume, Marten, Ruby, Mathot, Serge, Mauldin, Roy L., Mentler, Bernhard, Möhler, Ottmar, Müller, Tatjana, Nie, Wei, Onnela, Antti, Petäjä, Tuukka, Pfeifer, Joschka, Philippov, Maxim, Ranjithkumar, Ananth, Saiz-Lopez, A., Salma, Imre, Scholz, Wiebke, Schuchmann, S., Schulze, Benjamin, Steiner, Gerhard, Stozhkov, Yuri, Tauber, Christian, Tomé, António, Thakur, Roseline C., Väisänen, Olli, Vazquez-Pufleau, Miguel, Wagner, Andrea C., Wang, Yonghong, Weber, Stefan K., Winkler, Paul M., Wu, Yusheng, Xiao, Mao, Yan, Chao, Ye, Qing, Ylisirniö, Arttu, Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel, Zha, Qiaozhi, Zhou, Putian, Flagan, Richard C., Curtius, Joachim, Baltensperger, Urs, Kulmala, Markku, Kerminen, Veli Matti, Kurtén, Theo, Donahue, Neil M., European Organization for Nuclear Research, Academy of Finland, European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Austrian Science Fund, Swiss National Science Foundation, National Science Foundation (US), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Estonian Research Council, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), He, Xu-Cheng, Tham, Yee Jun, Dada, Lubna, Wang, Mingyi, Finkenzeller, Henning, Stolzenburg, D., Iyer, S., Simon, Mario, Kürten, A., Shen, Jiali, Rörup, Birte, Volkamer, Rainer, Kirkby, Jasper, Worsnop, Douglas R., Sipilä, Mikko, Rissanen, Matti, Schobesberger, Siegfried, Baalbaki, Rima, Wang, Dongyo S., Koenig, T.K., Jokinen, Tuija, Sarnela, Nina, Beck, Lisa J., Almeida, João, Amanatidis, Stavros, Amorim, António, Ataei, F., Baccarini, Andrea, Bertozzi, Barbara, Bianchi, Federico, Brilke, Sophia, Caudillo, Lucía, Chen, Dexian, Chiu, Randall, Chu, Biwu, Dias, A., Ding, Aijun, Dommen, J., Duplissy, Jonathan, El Haddad, I., González Carracedo, Loïc, Granzin, Manuel, Hansel, A., Heinritzi, Martin, Hofbauer, Victoria, Junninen, Heikki, Kangasluoma, Juha, Kemppainen, Deniz, Kim, Changyuk, Kong, Weimeng, Krechmer, Jordan E., Kvashin, Aleksander, Laitinen, Totti, Lamkaddam, Houssni, Lee, Chuan Ping, Lehtipalo, Katrianne, Leiminger, Markus, Li, Zijun, Makhmutov, Vladimir, Manninen, Hanna E., Marie, Guillaume, Marten, Ruby, Mathot, Serge, Mauldin, Roy L., Mentler, Bernhard, Möhler, Ottmar, Müller, Tatjana, Nie, Wei, Onnela, Antti, Petäjä, Tuukka, Pfeifer, Joschka, Philippov, Maxim, Ranjithkumar, Ananth, Saiz-Lopez, A., Salma, Imre, Scholz, Wiebke, Schuchmann, S., Schulze, Benjamin, Steiner, Gerhard, Stozhkov, Yuri, Tauber, Christian, Tomé, António, Thakur, Roseline C., Väisänen, Olli, Vazquez-Pufleau, Miguel, Wagner, Andrea C., Wang, Yonghong, Weber, Stefan K., Winkler, Paul M., Wu, Yusheng, Xiao, Mao, Yan, Chao, Ye, Qing, Ylisirniö, Arttu, Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel, Zha, Qiaozhi, Zhou, Putian, Flagan, Richard C., Curtius, Joachim, Baltensperger, Urs, Kulmala, Markku, Kerminen, Veli Matti, Kurtén, Theo, and Donahue, Neil M.
Abstract: Iodic acid (HIO) is known to form aerosol particles in coastal marine regions, but predicted nucleation and growth rates are lacking. Using the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets) chamber, we find that the nucleation rates of HIOparticles are rapid, even exceeding sulfuric acid-ammonia rates under similar conditions. We also find that ion-induced nucleation involves IOand the sequential addition of HIOand that it proceeds at the kinetic limit below +10°C. In contrast, neutral nucleation involves the repeated sequential addition of iodous acid (HIO) followed by HIO, showing that HIOplays a key stabilizing role. Freshly formed particles are composed almost entirely of HIO, which drives rapid particle growth at the kinetic limit. Our measurements indicate that iodine oxoacid particle formation can compete with sulfuric acid in pristine regions of the atmosphere.
Published: 2021

50. The tumour suppressor brain tumour (Brat) regulates linker histone dBigH1 expression in the Drosophila female germline and the early embryo

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry for National Economy (Hungary), Climent-Cantó, Paula, Carbonell, Albert, Tamirisa, Srividya, Henn, Laszlo, Pérez-Montero, Salvador, Boros, Imre M., Azorin, Fernando, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministry for National Economy (Hungary), Climent-Cantó, Paula, Carbonell, Albert, Tamirisa, Srividya, Henn, Laszlo, Pérez-Montero, Salvador, Boros, Imre M., and Azorin, Fernando
Abstract: Linker histones H1 are essential chromatin components that exist as multiple developmentally regulated variants. In metazoans, specific H1s are expressed during germline development in a tightly regulated manner. However, the mechanisms governing their stage-dependent expression are poorly understood. Here, we address this question in Drosophila, which encodes for a single germline-specific dBigH1 linker histone. We show that during female germline lineage differentiation, dBigH1 is expressed in germ stem cells and cystoblasts, becomes silenced during transit-amplifying (TA) cystocytes divisions to resume expression after proliferation stops and differentiation starts, when it progressively accumulates in the oocyte. We find that dBigH1 silencing during TA divisions is post-transcriptional and depends on the tumour suppressor Brain tumour (Brat), an essential RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA translation and stability. Like other oocyte-specific variants, dBigH1 is maternally expressed during early embryogenesis until it is replaced by somatic dH1 at the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). Brat also mediates dBigH1 silencing at MZT. Finally, we discuss the situation in testes, where Brat is not expressed, but dBigH1 is translationally silenced too.
Published: 2021

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