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27 results on '"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE)"'

1. Resistance to Second-Line Anti-TB Drugs in Cambodia: A Phenotypic and Genetic Study

Author: Anne-Laure Bañuls, Sokleaph Cheng, Thi Van Anh Nguyen, Sophan Sam, Mallorie Hide, Sok Heng Pheng, Tan Eang Mao, Gauthier Delvallez, Alexandra Kerleguer, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Ministry of Health [Phnom Penh], Unité de biologie médicale - Medical biology unit [Phnom Penh, Cambodia], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Du gène à l'écosystème (MIVEGEC-GeneSys), Pathogènes, Environnement, Santé Humaine (EPATH), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre de Recherche en Ecologie et Evolution de la Santé (CREES), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control [Phnom Penh, Cambodia] (CENAT), Cambodian Health Committee, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), and This study was funded by the project of the International Joint Laboratory on Drug Resistance in South-East Asia (LMI DRISA), the French Embassy in Cambodia, the Cambodian Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MoEYS) and the PHC Lotus project 'Application of DNA chip technology for the development of diagnostic kits for rapid detection of drug‐resistant tuberculosis in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia (2014–2018)' granted by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) and the French Embassy, Vietnam. Sokleaph Cheng, PhD, was funded by the IRD PhD Grant program, ARTS.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Population, Biology, fluoroquinolone, pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Genotype, medicine, extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, education, Original Research, second-line injectable drugs, Pharmacology, education.field_of_study, Strain (biology), Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, Pyrazinamide, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Phenotype, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Infection and Drug Resistance, Pre-Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, medicine.drug
Abstract: Sokleaph Cheng,1– 3 Mallorie Hide,3– 5 Sok Heng Pheng,6 Alexandra Kerléguer,2 Gauthier Delvallez,2 Sophan Sam,7 Tan Eang Mao,6 Thi Van Anh Nguyen,3,8 Anne-Laure Bañuls3– 5 1Institut Pasteur du Cambodge and Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; 2Medical Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; 3LMI Drug Resistance in South East Asia, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; 4MIVEGEC, University of Montpellier, Institute of Research for Development, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France; 5CREES (Centre de Recherche En Écologie Et Évolution de la Santé), Montpellier, France; 6National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; 7Cambodian Health Committee, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; 8Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Martinique, VietnamCorrespondence: Sokleaph ChengInstitut Pasteur du Cambodge, No. 5, Monivong Boulevard, Phnom Penh 120210, CambodiaTel +855 12 222 684Email csokleaph@pasteur-kh.orgBackground: Due to the emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) clinical isolates resistant to most potent first-line drugs (FLD), second-line drugs (SLD) are being prescribed more frequently. We explore the genetic characteristics and molecular mechanisms of M.tb isolates phenotypically resistant to SLD, including pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates.Methods: Drug-resistant (DR) M.tb isolates collected from 2012 to 2017 were tested using sequencing and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing. Genotypes were determined to explore their links with SLD resistance patterns.Results: Of the 272 DR M.tb isolates, 6 non-multidrug resistant (non-MDR) isolates were fluoroquinolones (FQ)-resistant, 3 were XDR and 16 were pre-XDR (14 resistant to FQ and 2 to second-line injectable drugs). The most frequent mutations in FQ-resistant and second-line injectable drugs resistant isolates were gyrA D94G (15/23) and rrs a1401g (3/5), respectively. Seventy-five percent of pre-XDR isolates and 100% of XDR isolates harbored mutations conferring resistance to pyrazinamide. All XDR isolates belonged to the Beijing genotype, of which one, named XDR+, was resistant to all drugs tested. One cluster including pre-XDR and XDR isolates was observed.Conclusion: This is the first description of SLD resistance in Cambodia. The data suggest that the proportion of XDR and pre-XDR isolates remains low but is on the rise compared to previous reports. The characterization of the XDR+ isolate in a patient who refused treatment underlines the risk of transmission in the population. In addition, genotypic results show, as expected, that the Beijing family is the main involved in pre-XDR and XDR isolates and that the spread of the Beijing pre-XDR strain is capable of evolving into XDR strain. This study strongly indicates the need for rapid interventions in terms of diagnostic and treatment to prevent the spread of the pre-XDR and XDR strains and the emergence of more resistant ones.Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, fluoroquinolone, second-line injectable drugs
Published: 2021

2. Dried blood spots perform well to identify patients with active HCV infection in Vietnam

Author: Thai Minh Nguyen, Binh T. Nguyen, Yoann Madec, Fabien Taieb, Trang Thi Thu Nguyen, Tram Thi Phuong Pham, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Hong Thi Bich Mai, Tram Tran, Mohand Ait-Ahmed, Huong Thi Thu Phan, Nhan Thi Do, Hien Ba Pham, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Nam Tu Liem District Medical Center [Hanoi], Dong Da General Hospital [Hanoi], Ministry of Health [Hanoi], Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science (CRT), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), We would like to thank Abbott Molecular Inc. for providing Abbott RealTime HCV assay reagents, consumables and funding for the study., Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)
Subjects: hepatitis C virus, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatitis C virus, specificity, Hepacivirus, medicine.disease_cause, Antiviral Agents, Sensitivity and Specificity, Gastroenterology, Specimen Handling, Central laboratory, Limited access, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, Internal medicine, Need treatment, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Dried blood, Hepatology, business.industry, virus diseases, Venous blood, sensitivity, Hepatitis C, digestive system diseases, Confidence interval, viral load, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, RNA, Viral, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Dried Blood Spot Testing, business, Viral load
Abstract: International audience; Recently, treatment advances in direct-acting antivirals have radically changed the management of HCV patients. However, in resource-limited countries, identification of patients with active HCV infection is still challenging in remote settings due to the limited access to laboratories able to measure HCV viral load. This study evaluated whether dried blood spots (DBS) transferred to a central laboratory could overcome this challenge. A total of 315 HCV-infected patients, naïve to anti-HCV treatment, provided each three type of samples: plasma, DBS with calibrated quantities of venous blood and DBS with uncalibrated quantities of capillary blood. Qualitative comparison was conducted in terms of detection of HCV viral load on DBS as opposed to plasma to estimate sensitivity and specificity. Quantitative comparisons were conducted by means of correlation estimation. Of the 250 patients with detected plasma HCV viral load, 245 also had detectable DBS HCV viral load (capillary or venous) leading to a sensitivity of 98.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 95.4%-99.3%); importantly, all measurements with a plasma HCV viral load >118 IU/mL were also detected in DBS. When HCV was not detected in plasma, it was also not detected in DBS resulting in 100% specificity (95% CI: 94.5%-100%). Quantitative HCV viral load results were very similar when utilizing plasma or DBS sample types as illustrated by correlations >0.99. In conclusion, DBS sample types, with either uncalibrated capillary blood or calibrated venous blood, performed well to distinguish patients with active HCV infection, and who therefore need treatment, from other patients.
Published: 2020

3. Taxonomical insights and ecology of sandfly (Diptera, Psychodidae) species in six provinces of Northern Vietnam

Author: Vu Sinh Nam, Tran Hai Son, Tran Vu Phong, Tran Cong Tu, Tran Nhu Duong, Dang Duc Anh, Nguyen Thi Yen, Vu Thi Lieu, Ngo Khanh Phuong, Nguyen Viet Hoang, Hoàng Ngọc Anh, Cassan Cécile, Prudhomme Jorian, Depaquit Jérôme, Rahola Nil, Bañuls Anne-Laure, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Transmission Vectorielle et Épidémiosurveillance de Maladies Parasitaires - EA 4688 (VECPAR), SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)
Subjects: Male, Veterinary (miscellaneous), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Leishmaniasis risk, 030308 mycology & parasitology, 03 medical and health sciences, Dogs, 0302 clinical medicine, Animals, Spatial distribution, Sandfly, Leishmaniasis, 0303 health sciences, Northern Vietnam, Ecology, Sergentomyia, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, Insect Science, Phlebotomus, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Parasitology, Psychodidae, Research Article
Abstract: We studied sandfly (Diptera: Psychodidae) populations in six provinces of Vietnam. This work explores the diversity of sandfly species according to the province, as well as environment, and updated information on public health since leishmaniasis cases were reported in two provinces. Sandflies were collected using 428 CDC light traps from May 30 to October 13, 2016 and identified based on the morphology of the cibarium, pharynx and/or male genitalia or female spermathecae. A total of 2585 sandflies belonging to five genera and 13 identified species were collected. The main species were: the Sergentomyia barraudi group (12.53%), Se. sylvatica (9.63%) and Phlebotomus stantoni (3.95%). In all, 294 Sergentomyia specimens classified as Se. sp2 and Se. sp3 and a heterogeneous group, herein called Se. und_sp., showed unknown morphological characteristics requiring further studies. We provide detailed comments about morphological description and taxonomical identification in order to help standardization of sandfly classification in Southeast Asia. We observed differentiation according to the provinces in terms of density and species richness, with Lang Son having the highest density and Ninh Binh having the highest species richness. The majority of specimens were collected in rock caves and outdoors, suggesting mainly cavernicolous and exophilic characters of sandfly species in Northern Vietnam. However, specimens were also collected in intra- and peri-domiciliary sites. It is worth noting that Ph. stantoni was the main species found in dog sheds and indoors, and in particular in a leishmaniasis patient's house.Aperçu taxonomique et écologie des espèces de phlébotomes (Diptera, Psychodidae) dans six provinces du nord du Vietnam.Nous avons étudié les populations de phlébotomes (Diptera : Psychodidae) dans six provinces du Vietnam. Ce travail explore la diversité des espèces de phlébotomes selon les provinces, les environnements et les informations mises à jour sur la santé publique depuis que des cas de leishmanioses ont été signalés dans deux provinces. Des phlébotomes ont été collectés à l’aide de 428 pièges lumineux CDC du 30 mai au 13 octobre 2016 et identifiés sur la base de la morphologie du cibarium, du pharynx et/ou des organes génitaux des mâles ou des spermathèques des femelles. Au total, 2585 phlébotomes, appartenant à cinq genres et 13 espèces identifiées, ont été collectés. Les principales espèces étaient : le groupe Sergentomyia barraudi (12,53 %), Se. sylvatica (9,63 %) et Phlebotomus stantoni (3,95 %). 294 spécimens de Sergentomyia classés comme Se. sp2 et Se. sp3 et un groupe hétérogène ici appelé Se. und_sp. ont montré des caractéristiques morphologiques inconnues nécessitant des études complémentaires. Nous fournissons des commentaires détaillés sur la description morphologique et l’identification taxonomique afin d’aider à la normalisation de la classification des phlébotomes en Asie du Sud-Est. Nous avons observé une différenciation selon les provinces en termes de densité et de richesse en espèces, avec Lang Son ayant la plus forte densité et Ninh Binh ayant la plus grande richesse en espèces. La majorité des spécimens ont été collectés dans des grottes rocheuses et à l’extérieur, suggérant principalement des caractères cavernicoles et exophiles des espèces de phlébotomes du nord du Vietnam. Cependant, des spécimens ont également été collectés dans des sites intra et péri-domiciliaires. Il convient de noter que Ph. stantoni était la principale espèce trouvée dans les abris pour chiens et à l’intérieur, notamment dans la maison d’un patient atteint de leishmaniose.
Published: 2021

4. Current vector research challenges in the greater Mekong subregion for dengue, Malaria, and Other Vector-Borne Diseases: A report from a multisectoral workshop March 2019

Author: Stephen S. Whitehead, Jessica E. Manning, Sazaly AbuBakar, Jesus G. Valenzuela, Jeffrey Hii, Kobporn Boonnak, Bruce A. Wilcox, Daniel M. Parker, Rekol Huy, Rebecca C. Christofferson, Vu Sinh Nam, Thomas E. Wellems, Hans J. Overgaard, Tho Sochantha, Leang Rithea, Gregor J. Devine, Sébastien Boyer, Louisiana State University (LSU), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), PMI VectorLink Project [Cambodia], PMI VectorLink Project, U.S. President's Malaria Initiative [Atlanta, GA,]-U.S. President's Malaria Initiative [Atlanta, GA,], QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Mahidol University [Bangkok], National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre [Kuala Lumpur] (TIDREC), University of Malaya [Kuala Lumpur, Malaisie], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control [Phnom Penh, Cambodia] (CNM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Phnom Penh, Cambodia] (NIAID), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), and Dinglasan, Rhoel Ramos
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, History, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], RC955-962, MESH: Dengue, Disease Vectors, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mosquitoes, Medical and Health Sciences, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Dengue transmission, Medicine and Health Sciences, Public and Occupational Health, MESH: Animals, Malaria epidemiology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Vaccines, Eukaryota, Biological Sciences, Vaccination and Immunization, 3. Good health, Insects, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Health Priorities, MESH: Mekong Valley, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Pathogens, Mekong Valley, Infectious Disease Control, Arthropoda, 030231 tropical medicine, Immunology, MESH: Malaria, MESH: Insect Vectors, 03 medical and health sciences, Malaria transmission, Tropical Medicine, Vaccine Development, medicine, Parasitic Diseases, Animals, Humans, Symposium, MESH: Humans, Extramural, Health Priorities, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Congresses as Topic, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, Invertebrates, Malaria, Insect Vectors, Vector-Borne Diseases, MESH: Vaccines, Species Interactions, 030104 developmental biology, Good Health and Well Being, Vector (epidemiology), Current vector, Preventive Medicine, Humanities, MESH: Congresses as Topic
Abstract: Author(s): Christofferson, Rebecca C; Parker, Daniel M; Overgaard, Hans J; Hii, Jeffrey; Devine, Gregor; Wilcox, Bruce A; Nam, Vu Sinh; Abubakar, Sazaly; Boyer, Sebastien; Boonnak, Kobporn; Whitehead, Stephen S; Huy, Rekol; Rithea, Leang; Sochantha, Tho; Wellems, Thomas E; Valenzuela, Jesus G; Manning, Jessica E
Published: 2020

5. Delamanid resistance: update and clinical management

Author: Van Anh Thi Nguyen, Dinh Hoa Vu, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Thi Thu Huyen Cao, Nhung Viet Nguyen, Thi Van Anh Nguyen, Jan-Willem C. Alffenaar, Richard M. Anthony, Du gène à l'écosystème (MIVEGEC-GeneSys), Pathogènes, Environnement, Santé Humaine (EPATH), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire d'Automatique, de Mécanique et d'Informatique industrielles et Humaines - UMR 8201 (LAMIH), Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Treatment outcome, Antitubercular Agents, Clinical settings, Drug resistance, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, Oxazoles, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, business.industry, Drug susceptibility, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Rapid acquisition, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Nitroimidazoles, Delamanid, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Delamanid, a-first-in-class bicyclic nitroimidazole, was recently approved for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment. Pitted against the hope for improving treatment outcomes is the threat of the rapid resistance emergence. This review provides information on the mechanisms of action, resistance emergence, and drug susceptibility testing (DST) for delamanid. Delamanid resistance has already been reported in both in vitro experiments and clinical settings. Although mutations conferring delamanid resistance have been identified in fbiA, fbiB, fbiC, ddn, and fgd1 genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, knowledge about the molecular resistance mechanisms is limited, and there remains no standardized DST method. The rapid acquisition of delamanid resistance emphasizes the need for optimal use of new drugs, the need for drug resistance surveillance, and a comprehensive understanding of drug resistance mechanisms. Further studies are necessary to investigate genetic and phenotypic changes that determine clinically relevant delamanid resistance to help develop a rapid delamanid DST.
Published: 2020

6. Feasibility of dried blood spots for HIV viral load monitoring in decentralized area in North Vietnam in a test-and-treat era, the MOVIDA project

Author: Tuan Anh Nguyen, Tram Hong Tran, Binh Thanh Nguyen, Tram Thi Phuong Pham, Nhung Thi Hong Le, Dung Viet Ta, Huong Thi Thu Phan, Long Hoang Nguyen, Mohand Ait-Ahmed, Hien Thi Ho, Fabien Taieb, Yoann Madec, MOVIDA 2 study group, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Hanoi University of Public Health (HUPH), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses (TransVIHMI), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Universtié Yaoundé 1 [Cameroun]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Ministry of Health [Hanoi], Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science (CRT), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), The study was funded by the Global Fund to figth AIDS malaria and tuberculosis and by the Ministry of Health of Vietnam. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., Institut Pasteur [Paris], and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)
Subjects: RNA viruses, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Research Facilities, Time Factors, Physiology, Epidemiology, HIV Infections, Drug resistance, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geographical Locations, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Immunodeficiency Viruses, Interquartile range, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, Public and Occupational Health, Prospective Studies, Treatment Failure, 030212 general & internal medicine, Dried blood, Prospective cohort study, Multidisciplinary, Viral Load, Middle Aged, Vaccination and Immunization, Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Body Fluids, 3. Good health, Clinical Laboratories, Blood, Vietnam, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Medical Microbiology, HIV epidemiology, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, Female, Pathogens, Anatomy, Research Laboratories, Viral load, HIV drug resistance, Research Article, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Asia, Science, Immunology, Antiretroviral Therapy, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Antiviral Therapy, Diagnostic Medicine, Virology, Retroviruses, Drug Resistance, Viral, Humans, Microbial Pathogens, business.industry, Lentivirus, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, HIV, 030112 virology, People and Places, Emergency medicine, HIV-1, Feasibility Studies, Observational study, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Preventive Medicine, Dried Blood Spot Testing, business, Viral Transmission and Infection, Government Laboratories
Abstract: International audience; Background: Access to HIV viral load is crucial to efficiently monitor patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART) and prevent HIV drug resistance acquisition. However, in some remote settings, access to viral load monitoring is still complex due to logistical and financial constraints. Use of dried blood spots (DBS) for blood collection could overcome these difficulties. This study aims to describe feasibility and operability of DBS use for routine viral load monitoring.Methods: From June 2017 to April 2018, HIV-infected adults who initiated ART were enrolled in a prospective cohort in 43 clinical sites across 6 provinces in North Vietnam. Following national guidelines, the first viral load monitoring was planned 6 months after ART initiation. DBS were collected at the clinical site and sent by post to a central laboratory in Hanoi for viral load measurement.Results: Of the 578 patients enrolled, 537 were still followed 6 months after ART initiation, of which DBS was collected for 397 (73.9%). The median (inter quartile range) delay between DBS collection at site level and reception at the central laboratory was 8 (6–19) days and for 70.0% viral load was measured ≤30 days after blood collection. The proportion of patients with viral load ≥1000 copies/mL at the 6 month evaluation was 15.9% (n = 59). Of these, a DBS was collected again to confirm virological failure in 15 (24.4%) of which virological failure was confirmed in 11 (73.3%).Conclusion: Delay of DBS transfer to the central laboratory was acceptable and most viral loads were measured in ≤30 days, in-line with routine follow-up. However, the level of DBS coverage and the proportion of patients in failure for whom a confirmatory viral load was available were suboptimal, indicating that integration of viral load monitoring in the field requires, among other things, careful training and strong involvement of the local teams. The proportion of patients experiencing virological failure was in line with other reports; interestingly those who reported being non-adherent and those with a low BMI were more at risk of failure
Published: 2020

7. Distribution of influenza virus types by age using case-based global surveillance data from twenty-nine countries, 1999-2014

Author: François G. Schellevis, Raquel Guiomar, Zhibin Peng, Phuong Vu Mai Hoang, Brechla Moreno, Juan Yang, Cheryl Cohen, Lynnette Brammer, Jenny Lara, Hongjie Yu, Mai thi Quynh Le, Joshua A. Mott, Rodrigo Fasce, Gabriela Kusznierz, Simona Puzelli, Doménica de Mora, Leticia Castillo, Selim Badur, Akerke Ospanova, Vernon J. Lee, Liza Lopez, Richard Njouom, Douglas M. Fleming, Coulibaly Daouda, Nurhayati, Juan Manuel Rudi, Clotilde El-Guerche Séblain, Li Wei Ang, Joseph S. Bresee, Celina de Lozano, Sonam Gyeltshen, Maria Zambon, Maria Luisa Matute, Norosoa Harline Razanajatovo, Saverio Caini, Amal Barakat, Marie-Astrid Vernet, Alla Mironenko, Angel Balmaseda, Alexey Clara, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de Almeida, Richard Pebody, Herman Kosasih, Cláudio Maierovitch Pessanha Henriques, Marietjie Venter, Caterina Rizzo, Meral Akcay Ciblak, Olha Holubka, Gideon O. Emukule, Fatima el Falaki, Winston Andrade, Herve A. Kadjo, Alfredo Bruno, Kate Pennington, Lyazzat Kiyanbekova, Ana Paula Rodrigues, Rhonda Owen, John Paget, Peter Spreeuwenberg, Sue Q. Huang, Jean-Michel Heraud, Sonam Wangchuk, Luzhao Feng, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias 'Dr. Emilio Coni', Department of Health and Ageing, Influenza Surveillance Section, Surveillance Branch, Office of Health Protection (DHAISS), Department of Health and Ageing, Influenza Surveillance Section, Surveillance Branch, Office of Health Protection, Woden, ACT, Australia, Office of Health Protection, Woden, ACT, Australia (DHAISS), Ministry of Health [Bhoutan], Ministry of Health [Brasília, Brazil], Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISP), Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health [Costa Rica], Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública [Guayaquil, Ecuador] (INSPI), Ministerio de Salud de El Salvador (MINSAL), Public Health England [London], Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social [Guatemala] (MSPAS), US Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health [Honduras] (SESAL), US Naval Medical Research Unit n°2, Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, Institut National d'Hygiène Publique [Côte d'Ivoire] (INHP), Astana Center of Sanitary Epidemiology Expertise, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Kenya], U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS), Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Ministry of Health [Morocco], Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR), Ministry of Health [Nicaragua] (MINSA), National Influenza Center, Instituto Nacional de Saùde Dr Ricardo Jorge [Portugal] (INSA), Ministry of Health [Singapore], Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, University of Pretoria [South Africa], University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg] (NICD), Istanbul University, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Chercheur indépendant, Sanofi Pasteur [Lyon, France], VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], The Global Influenza B Study is funded by an unrestricted research grant from Sanofi Pasteur., The Global Influenza B Study group also includes the following members: Binay Thapa 4, Sangay Zangmo 4, Guy Vernet 6, Patricia Bustos 7, Patricio Loyola 7, Joanna Ellis 12, Antonino Bella 19, Maria Rita Castrucci 18, Gulzhan Muratbayeva 45, Julia Guillebaud 26, Laurence Randrianasolo 46, Ausenda Machado 47, Pedro Pechirra 32, Jeffery Cutter 34, Raymond Tzer Pin Lin 34. 45 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Central Asia Regional Office, Almaty, Kazakhstan 46 Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur of Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar 47 National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal, APH - Quality of Care, APH - Aging & Later Life, and General practice
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Databases, Factual, Distribution (economics), CHILDREN, Global Health, 0302 clinical medicine, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, 1108 Medical Microbiology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 subtype, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Child, POPULATION, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Age Factors, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Global Influenza B Study group, Infectious Diseases, INFECTIONS, Influenza A virus, Child, Preschool, H3N2 Subtype, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, BURDEN, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Age distribution, 0605 Microbiology, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Surveillance data, Adolescent, Population, UNITED-STATES, Microbiology, Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Age Distribution, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, H1N1 Subtype, COHORT, lcsh:RC109-216, education, Disease burden, METAANALYSIS, Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, Public health, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, Infant, Newborn, Infant, 1103 Clinical Sciences, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Estados de Saúde e de Doença, Influenza B Virus, Influenza, Influenza B virus, Meta-analysis, 030104 developmental biology, H1N1 subtype, Virus type, RISK-FACTORS, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Demography
Abstract: The database of the Global Influenza B Study was created by collecting surveillance datasets from each of the participating countries. These national datasets are owned by the participating countries, and thus cannot be shared publicly. Researchers interested in obtaining the country-specific datasets may contact the individuals listed below for further details regarding data access.Argentina (Santa Fe Province): Gabriela Kusznierz (labconi@yahoo.com.ar)Australia: Kate Pennington (kate.pennington@health.gov.au)Bhutan: Sonam Wangchuk (swangchuk@health.gov.bt)Brazil: Cláudio Maierovitch Pessanha Henriques (claudio.henriques@saude.gov.br)Cameroon: Guy Vernet (vernet@pasteur-yaounde.org)Chile: Rodrigo Fasce (rfasce@ispch.cl)China: Feng Luzhao (fenglz@chinacdc.cn)Costa Rica: Alexey W. Clara (wclara@cdc.gov)Ecuador: Alfredo Bruno (alfredobruno@yahoo.es)El Salvador: Alexey W. Clara (wclara@cdc.gov)England: Maria Zambon (maria.zambon@phe.gov.uk)Guatemala: Alexey W. Clara (wclara@cdc.gov)Honduras: Alexey W. Clara (wclara@cdc.gov)Indonesia: Herman Kosasih (hermaninarespond@gmail.com)Italy: Caterina Rizzo (caterina.rizzo@iss.it)Ivory Coast: Herve A. Kadjo (hervekadjo@pasteur.ci)Kazakhstan: Gulzhan Muratbayeva (hnv2@cdc.gov)Kenya: Joshua Mott (zud9@cdc.gov)Madagascar: Jean-Michel Heraud (jmheraud@pasteur.mg)Morocco: Amal Barakat (amal.barakat@yahoo.fr)New Zealand: Sue Huang (sue.huang@esr.cri.nz)Nicaragua: Alexey W. Clara (wclara@cdc.gov)Panama: Alexey W. Clara (wclara@cdc.gov)Portugal: Ana Paula Rodrigues (ana.rodrigues@insa.min-saude.pt)Singapore: Vernon Lee (vernonljm@hotmail.com)South Africa: Cheryl Cohen (cherylc@nicd.ac.za)Turkey: Meral Akcay Ciblak (ciblakm@yahoo.com)Ukraine: Alla Mironenko (miralla@ukr.net)Viet Nam: Le Thi Quinh Mai (lom9@hotmail.com); International audience; BACKGROUND:Influenza disease burden varies by age and this has important public health implications. We compared the proportional distribution of different influenza virus types within age strata using surveillance data from twenty-nine countries during 1999-2014 (N=358,796 influenza cases).METHODS:For each virus, we calculated a Relative Illness Ratio (defined as the ratio of the percentage of cases in an age group to the percentage of the country population in the same age group) for young children (0-4 years), older children (5-17 years), young adults (18-39 years), older adults (40-64 years), and the elderly (65+ years). We used random-effects meta-analysis models to obtain summary relative illness ratios (sRIRs), and conducted meta-regression and sub-group analyses to explore causes of between-estimates heterogeneity.RESULTS:The influenza virus with highest sRIR was A(H1N1) for young children, B for older children, A(H1N1)pdm2009 for adults, and (A(H3N2) for the elderly. As expected, considering the diverse nature of the national surveillance datasets included in our analysis, between-estimates heterogeneity was high (I2>90%) for most sRIRs. The variations of countries' geographic, demographic and economic characteristics and the proportion of outpatients among reported influenza cases explained only part of the heterogeneity, suggesting that multiple factors were at play.CONCLUSIONS:These results highlight the importance of presenting burden of disease estimates by age group and virus (sub)type.
Published: 2018

8. Bedaquiline Resistance

Author: Thi Van Anh Nguyen, Richard M Anthony, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Dinh Hoa Vu, Jan-Willem C Alffenaar, Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Laboratoire Mixte International Drug Resistance in Southeast Asia (LMI DRISA), Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU)-Fondation Mérieux-University of sciences and technologies of hanoi (USTH)-Center of Infectiology Lao-Christophe Mérieux [Vientiane] (CILM), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Hanoi University of Pharmacy, and University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, drug susceptibility testing, DELAMANID, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Antitubercular Agents, Drug resistance, CROSS-RESISTANCE, THERAPY, Treatment failure, Clofazimine, resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, TMC207, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Humans, Tuberculosis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Diarylquinolines, bedaquiline, CLOFAZIMINE, Intensive care medicine, Antituberculosis drug, DRUG-RESISTANCE, mechanisms, Resistance development, ATP SYNTHASE, business.industry, Mechanism (biology), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, TB, chemistry, MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS, Delamanid, Bedaquiline, business, medicine.drug, ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE
Abstract: International audience; Bedaquiline, a new antituberculosis drug, has already been used in >50 countries. The emergence of bedaquiline resistance is alarming, as it may result in the rapid loss of this new drug. This article aims to review currently identified mechanisms of resistance and the emergence of bedaquiline resistance, and discuss strategies to delay the resistance acquisition. In vitro and clinical studies as well as reports from compassionate use have identified the threat of bedaquiline resistance and cross-resistance with clofazimine, emphasizing the crucial need for the systematic surveillance of resistance. Currently known mechanisms of resistance include mutations within the atpE, Rv0678, and pepQ genes. The development of standardized drug susceptibility testing (DST) for bedaquiline is urgently needed. Understanding any target and non-target-based mechanisms is essential to minimize resistance development and treatment failure and help to develop appropriate DST for bedaquiline and genetic-based resistance screening.
Published: 2018

9. Diversity and Ecology of Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae), Potential Vectors of Leishmania in the Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam

Author: Cécile Cassan, Lieu Thi Vu, Anh Duc Dang, Chau Van Nguyen, Yen T. Nguyen, Phong Vu Tran, Duong N. Tran, Nam Sinh Vu, Nil Rahola, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Son Hai Tran, Hoang Viet Nguyen, Tu Cong Tran, Phuong Khanh Ngo, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology [Hanoi] (NIMPE), and This study was performed within the framework of a Nafosted project (Ecology of sand fly species in remote areas of Northern Vietnam and risk of Leishmania transmission in human communities, project No: 106-YS.05-2015.42).
Subjects: Male, 030231 tropical medicine, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Spermatheca, Cave, Genus, cave, Animals, Humans, Psychodidae, Phlebotomus, Leishmaniasis, Ecosystem, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Leishmania, 0303 health sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, General Veterinary, biology, 030306 microbiology, Ecology, Patient affected, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, Insect Vectors, Sergentomyia, Infectious Diseases, Taxon, Vietnam, Insect Science, Parasitology, Female, sand fly, ecology, Animal Distribution
Abstract: The study aims to make an update on the distribution and ecology of sand flies in the Quang Ninh province, Northern Vietnam, where Leishmania cases were reported in 2001. Seventeen sites were chosen in three districts of the province: Ha Long, Cam Pha, and Hoanh Bo. Phlebotomine sand flies were collected using 68 CDC light traps from May 30 to 3 June 2016. Captured specimens were transferred individually into Eppendorf tubes with 90% ethanol. The sand fly heads and genitalia were removed and were mounted in Euparal after successive different baths. Specimen identification was determined based on the morphology of the cibarium, pharynx, and/or male genitalia or female spermathecae. A total of 416 sand flies (125 females, 283 males) belonging to four genera were collected and 10 sand fly species were identified: Sergentomyia silvatica, Se. barraudi, Se. hivernus, Se. bailyi, Phlebotomus mascomai, Ph. stantoni, Ph. yunshengensis, Ph. betisi, Chinius junlianensis, Idiophlebotomus longiforceps. The Sergentomyia genus prevailed (79.7% of the collected sand flies), followed by the Phlebotomus genus (13.7%), the Chinius genus (6.1%), and the Idiophlebotomus genus (0.8%). Besides these well-defined taxa, five specimens, named sp1, showed unknown morphological characteristics, requiring further study. The majority of sand flies were collected in rock caves suggesting the cavernicolous character of the species in the Quang Ninh province. However, specimens were also collected in intra and peridomiciliary sites in which Ph. stantoni and Se. hivernus were found as the main species. It is worth noting that two Ph. stantoni were found in the house of a patient affected by Leishmania.
Published: 2019

10. The potential effect of improved provision of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Gavi-eligible countries: a modelling study

Author: Hampson, Katie, Ventura, Francesco, Steenson, Rachel, Mancy, Rebecca, Trotter, Caroline, Cooper, Laura, Abela-Ridder, Bernadette, Knopf, Lea, Ringenier, Moniek, Tenzin, Tenzin, Ly, Sowath, Tarantola, Arnaud, Moyengar, Ronelngar, Oussiguéré, Assandi, Bonfoh, Bassirou, Narayana, DH Ashwath, Sudarshan, Mysore Kalappa, Muturi, Matthew, Mwatondo, Athman, Wambura, Gati, Andriamandimby, Soa Fy, Baril, Laurence, Edosoa, Glenn, Traore, Abdallah, Jayme, Sarah, Kotzé, Johann, Gunesekera, Amila, Chitnis, Nakul, Hattendorf, Jan, Laager, Mirjam, Léchenne, Monique, ZINSSTAG, Jakob, Changalucha, Joel, Mtema, Zac, Lugelo, Ahmed, Lushasi, Kennedy, Yurachai, Onphirul, Metcalf, Charlotte Jessica E., Rajeev, Malavika, Blanton, Jesse, Costa, Galileu Barbosa, Sreenivasan, Nandini, Wallace, Ryan, Briggs, Deborah, Taylor, Louise, Thumbi, Samuel, Huong, Nguyen Thi Thanh, University of Glasgow, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Neglected Zoonotic Diseases (NZD), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), World Health Organisation (WHO), Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre de Recherche Agronomique de la Savane Humide, Institut Togolais de Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Ministère de la Santé Publique [Antananarivo, Madagascar], Laboratoire Central Vétérinaire du Mali, Partenaires INRAE, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], Princeton University, Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Laboratório de Vírus, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG)-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas [Goiânia, Brésil] (ICB), Global Alliance for Rabies Control [Manhattan, Kansas], Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), National Centre for Animal Health [Bhoutan] (NCAH), Centre de Support en Santé Internationale [N'Djamena, Tchad] (CSSI), Institut de Recherche en Elevage pour le Developpement [N'Djamena, Tchad] (IRED), Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire [Abidjan] (CSRS-CI), Laboratoire Central Vétérinaire [Bamako, Mali], Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), Kansas State University, Washington State University (WSU), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), This work is supported by a grant from WHO to the Universities of Glasgow and Cambridge. KH and RMa were supported by the Wellcome Trust (207569/Z/17/Z), with additional funding for RMa from Stuart H Leckie. The Wellcome Trust through Afrique One ASPIRE also supported MLe and several unpublished studies and the UBS Optimus Foundation supported LT and SJ. The Gavi learning agenda on rabies supported many of the unpublished studies that contributed data. The Swiss National Science Foundation supported MLa. The Institut Pasteur financed studies in Cambodia., and WHO Rabies Modelling Consortium
Subjects: MESH: Rabies virus / isolation & purification, MESH: Rabies virus / immunology, MESH: Bites and Stings / virology, MESH: World Health Organization, MESH: Cost-Benefit Analysis / methods, MESH: Dogs, MESH: Rabies / prevention & control, MESH: Rabies / epidemiology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Post-Exposure Prophylaxis / economics, MESH: Rabies / virology, MESH: Animals, MESH: Incidence, MESH: Dog Diseases / prevention & control, MESH: Immunoglobulins / therapeutic use, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH: Models, Economic, MESH: Humans, MESH: Rabies Vaccines / therapeutic use, MESH: Endemic Diseases / prevention & control, MESH: Child, Preschool, MESH: Post-Exposure Prophylaxis / methods, MESH: Rabies / mortality, MESH: Male, MESH: Quality-Adjusted Life Years, MESH: Rabies Vaccines / economics, MESH: Vaccination / economics, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Background: Tens of thousands of people die from dog-mediated rabies annually. Deaths can be prevented through post-exposure prophylaxis for people who have been bitten, and the disease eliminated through dog vaccination. Current post-exposure prophylaxis use saves many lives, but availability remains poor in many rabies-endemic countries due to high costs, poor access, and supply.Methods: We developed epidemiological and economic models to investigate the effect of an investment in post-exposure prophylaxis by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. We modelled post-exposure prophylaxis use according to the status quo, with improved access using WHO-recommended intradermal vaccination, with and without rabies immunoglobulin, and with and without dog vaccination. We took the health provider perspective, including only direct costs.Findings: We predict more than 1 million deaths will occur in the 67 rabies-endemic countries considered from 2020 to 2035, under the status quo. Current post-exposure prophylaxis use prevents approximately 56 000 deaths annually. Expanded access to, and free provision of, post-exposure prophylaxis would prevent an additional 489 000 deaths between 2020 and 2035. Under this switch to efficient intradermal post-exposure prophylaxis regimens, total projected vaccine needs remain similar (about 73 million vials) yet 17·4 million more people are vaccinated, making this an extremely cost-effective method, with costs of US$635 per death averted and $33 per disability-adjusted life-years averted. Scaling up dog vaccination programmes could eliminate dog-mediated rabies over this time period; improved post-exposure prophylaxis access remains cost-effective under this scenario, especially in combination with patient risk assessments to reduce unnecessary post-exposure prophylaxis use.Interpretation: Investing in post-exposure vaccines would be an extremely cost-effective intervention that could substantially reduce disease burden and catalyse dog vaccination efforts to eliminate dog-mediated rabies.Funding: World Health Organization.
Published: 2019

11. Sero-Prevalence Surveillance to Predict Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks; A Lesson from the 2014 Measles Epidemic in Northern Vietnam

Author: Choisy, M, Trinh, S, Nguyen, T, Mai, Q, Pham, Q, Tran, N, Dang, D, Horby, P, Boni, M, Bryant, J, Lewycka, S, Nadjm, B, Van Doorn, H, Wertheim, H, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Hanoi] (OUCRU), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut National d'Hygiène et d'Épidémiologie de Hanoi (NIHE), University of Oxford [Oxford], Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU), Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain ((grant number 106680/Z/14/Z to M.C., S.O.L., B.N., and H.R.v.D.)., and University of Oxford
Subjects: lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], seroprevalence, Vietnam, Major Article, measles, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, vaccination
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 203048.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Background: During the first half of 2014, a severe outbreak of measles occurred in northern Vietnam, causing 15 033 confirmed cases and 146 deaths. Methods: To evaluate the population-level seroprevalence of protection against measles in the period before the outbreak, we made use of an existing age-stratified serum bank, collected over the year before the outbreak, between November 2012 and December 2013, from 4 sites across the country (Hanoi, Hue, Dak Lak, and Ho Chi Minh City). Data from the UNICEF's Multiple Indicator Clustered Surveys (MICS), carried out in Vietnam during the first quarter of 2014, were used to assess the vaccine coverage in 6 ecological regions of Vietnam. Results: Results revealed a large discrepancy between levels of protection, as estimated from the serology and vaccine coverage estimated by UNICEF's MICS. Variation in seroprevalence across locations and age groups corresponded with reported numbers of measles cases, most of which were among the 0-2-year-old age group and in the northern part of the country. Conclusions: Our study presents a strong case in favor of a serosurveillance sentinel network that could be used to proactively tune vaccination policies and other public health interventions.
Published: 2019

12. Insights into the processes that drive the evolution of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Author: Thi Van Anh Nguyen, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Lucie Contamin, Quang Huy Nguyen, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Du gène à l'écosystème (MIVEGEC-GeneSys), Pathogènes, Environnement, Santé Humaine (EPATH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Drug, Genetics, Mutation, Mutation rate, media_common.quotation_subject, 030106 microbiology, Drug resistance, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Multiple drug resistance, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, medicine, Epistasis, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common
Abstract: At present, the successful transmission of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains, in human populations, threatens tuberculosis control worldwide. Differently from many other bacteria, M. tuberculosis drug resistance is acquired mainly through mutations in specific drug resistance-associated genes. The panel of mutations is highly diverse, but depends on the affected gene and M. tuberculosis genetic background. The variety of genetic profiles observed in drug-resistant clinical isolates underlines different evolutionary trajectories towards multiple drug resistance, although some mutation patterns are prominent. This review discusses the intrinsic processes that may influence drug resistance evolution in M. tuberculosis, such as mutation rate, drug resistance-associated mutations, fitness cost, compensatory mutations and epistasis. This knowledge should help to better predict the risk of emergence of highly resistant M. tuberculosis strains and to develop new tools and strategies to limit the development and spread of MDR and XDR strains.
Published: 2018

13. Surveillance of dengue and chikungunya infection in Dong Thap, Vietnam: A 13-month study

Author: Vu Trong Duoc, Truong Ba Tang, Pham Thi Lien, Phan Thi Nga, Emmanuel Cornillot, Bui Minh Trang, Tran Nhu Duong, Laurent Gavotte, Roger Frutos, Laurence Briant, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Shanghai Maritime University, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Vaccination Antiparasitaire : Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (LBCM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (RIKEN CLST), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Serotype, Identification, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Virus de chikungunya, medicine.disease_cause, Serology, Dengue fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Chikungunya, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Arbovirus, Medicine(all), biology, virus diseases, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Flavivirus, Vietnam, S50 - Santé humaine, Cohort, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, 030106 microbiology, 030231 tropical medicine, Dong Thap, Sérologie, 03 medical and health sciences, Maladie de l'homme, Multiplex polymerase chain reaction, Surveillance épidémiologique, business.industry, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Enquête pathologique, business, Virose
Abstract: Objective To establish a surveillance in Dong Thap, at the border with Cambodia by assessing the presence of DENV serotypes and CHIKV among patients hospitalized at Dong Thap general hospital. Methods Cross-sectional descriptive analysis was conducted on a cohort of 131 patients hospitalized with acute fever and symptoms compatible with dengue or chikungunya. The study was conducted from January 2012 to February 2013. The full clinical picture was established as well as serological and molecular detection. Serological analysis was sequentially performed on blood samples collected on admission and an average of seven days after admission. The detection of IgM antibody to DENV was performed by IgM capture ELISA and the detection of DENV and CHIKV RNA was done by reverse-transcription multiplex PCR. Results 101 patients out of 131 (77%) were confirmed with dengue. All four dengue serotypes were detected with a predominance of DENV2 and DENV4. No chikungunya infection was detected although reported in neighboring Cambodia. A differential efficiency of serological dengue detection was observed. Efficiency was 29% upon admission and 53% after seven days on the same patients. 30 patients out of 131 (23%) were negative with both DENV and CHIKV. Conclusions Dengue is at risk of being underestimated and chikungunya is not systematically detected. Changes in detection and surveillance procedures are therefore discussed to increase efficiency of dengue detection and continue the monitoring the emergence of CHIKV in Dong Thap province and in Vietnam.
Published: 2016
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14. Hypoglycemic Toxins and Enteroviruses as Causes of Outbreaks of Acute Encephalitis-Like Syndrome in Children, Bac Giang Province, Northern Vietnam

Author: Marc Eloit, Meriadeg Ar Gouilh, Nghia D. Ngu, Johannes Sander, Charles Hebert, Nils Janzen, Paul T. Brey, Laura Tondeur, Juliette Paireau, Hien Tran Nguyen, Olivier Lortholary, Tuan Hai Nguyen, Arnaud Fontanet, Loan Phuong, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Robert Barouki, Justine Cheval, Nga Thi Phan, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), PathoQuest, Régulation de l'expression génétique (REG), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Génétique Moléculaire des Virus Respiratoires, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toxicité environnementale, cibles thérapeutiques, signalisation cellulaire (T3S - UMR_S 1124), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), Institut Pasteur du Laos, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Découverte de Pathogènes - Pathogen Discovery, Biologie des Infections - Biology of Infection, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Le Gouil, Meriadeg, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], and Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Epidemiology, encephalitis, Physiology, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal fluid, methylenecyclopropylglycine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, litchi, Acute Febrile Encephalopathy, Child, Enterovirus, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.TOX.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, biology, acute encephalitis syndrome, Bac Giang Province, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, Child, Preschool, outbreaks, litchi cultivation, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, Seasons, meningitis/encephalitis, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Encephalitis, Microbiology (medical), [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 030231 tropical medicine, Aspartate transaminase, Hypoglycemia, hypoglycins, enteroviruses, hypoglycemic toxins, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, children, [SDV.BID.SPT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, medicine, Enterovirus Infections, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, viruses, Retrospective Studies, Hypoglycemic Toxins and Enteroviruses as Causes of Outbreaks of Acute Encephalitis-Like Syndrome in Children, Bac Giang Province, Northern Vietnam, business.industry, Viral encephalitis, Research, lcsh:R, Outbreak, Infant, medicine.disease, acute encephalitis-like syndrome, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 030104 developmental biology, hypoglycemia, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: International audience; We investigated the cause of seasonal outbreaks of pediatric acute encephalitis-like syndrome associated with litchi harvests (May-July) in northern Vietnam since 2008. Nineteen cerebrospinal fluid samples were positive for human enterovirus B, and 8 blood samples were positive for hypoglycemic toxins present in litchi fruits. Patients who were positive for hypoglycemic toxins had shorter median times between disease onset and admission, more reports of seizures, more reports of hypoglycemia (glucose level
Published: 2018

15. First field evaluation of the optimized CE marked Abbott protocol for HIV RNA testing on dried blood spot in a routine clinical setting in Vietnam

Author: Hien Ba Pham, Dung Viet Ta, Fabien Taieb, Binh Nguyen Thanh, Hau Tran Thi Bich, Tram Pham Phuong, Lan Thi Huong Nguyen, Yoann Madec, Thu Trang Nguyen, Tram Tran Hong, Huong Le Thi, Huong T. H. Nguyen, Nhung Le Thi Hong, Hien Thi Ho, Edouard Tuaillon, Eric Delaporte, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science (CRT), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Chercheur indépendant, Pathogénèse et contrôle des infections chroniques (PCCI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Abbott Company, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, RNA viruses, Physiology, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, HIV Infections, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geographical Locations, MESH: HIV-1, Immunodeficiency Viruses, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, Public and Occupational Health, lcsh:Science, Dried blood, Multidisciplinary, Remote area, AIDS Serodiagnosis, MESH: HIV Infections, Viral Load, Vaccination and Immunization, 3. Good health, Dried blood spot, Body Fluids, Blood, Vietnam, Medical Microbiology, HIV epidemiology, Viral Pathogens, MESH: RNA, Viral, Viruses, RNA, Viral, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Anatomy, Pathogens, Viral load, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Asia, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Antiretroviral Therapy, Sensitivity and Specificity, Microbiology, Blood Plasma, Central laboratory, 03 medical and health sciences, Antiviral Therapy, Virology, Retroviruses, medicine, Humans, Microbial Pathogens, Protocol (science), MESH: Humans, business.industry, lcsh:R, Lentivirus, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, HIV, MESH: Sensitivity and Specificity, MESH: AIDS Serodiagnosis, Emergency medicine, People and Places, HIV-1, lcsh:Q, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Preventive Medicine, MESH: Vietnam, business, Viral Transmission and Infection
Abstract: Background Viral load (VL) monitoring of HIV-infected patients in decentralized areas is limited due to logistic constraints. Dried Blood Spots (DBS) offer the opportunity to collect samples in remote area which can be easily transferred and tested at a central laboratory. The MOVIDA (Monitoring Of Viral load In Decentralized Area) project evaluated the performance of VL measurements on DBS using the new CE marked optimized Abbott protocol. Methods HIV-1 infected adults from three outpatient clinics in Hanoi (Vietnam) were enrolled into the study between 1 March and 13 April 2017. VL was measured on DBS using the optimized protocol provided by the manufacturer and compared to plasma VL as reference method on the Abbott m2000rt RealTime HIV-1 platform. Sensitivity was defined as the ability for DBS samples to correctly identify VL failure at the threshold of 1000 copies/mL of plasma, while specificity represented the ability to identify patients with a plasma HIV-RNA VL of
Published: 2018

16. Role of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus during the 2011 dengue fever epidemics in Hanoi, Vietnam

Author: Laurence Briant, Laurent Gavotte, Roger Frutos, Phan Thi Nga, Pham Thi Lien, Tran Nhu Duong, Emmanuel Cornillot, Vu Trong Duoc, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Vaccination Antiparasitaire : Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (LBCM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites-environnement dans les maladies tropicales négligées dues aux trypanosomatides (UMR INTERTRYP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (RIKEN CLST), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Serotype, Aedes albopictus, viruses, 030231 tropical medicine, education, Aedes aegypti, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, Dengue fever, Dengue, 03 medical and health sciences, Flaviviridae, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aedes, Medicine(all), biology, fungi, Vector density, Outbreak, virus diseases, General Medicine, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 3. Good health, Vecteur de maladie, S50 - Santé humaine, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, épidémie
Abstract: Objective To record the human cases of dengue fever (DF) and investigate the Aedes mosquito species circulating during the Hanoi 2011 DF epidemics. Methods 24 different outbreak points were recorded in 8 districts between August and December 2011. Results 140 patients were hospitalized following dengue diagnostic with a predominance of males (59.3%) and the 15–34 age class. Only DENV-1 (11.27%) and DENV-2 (88.73%) serotypes were detected in human samples. Mosquito sampling performed in and around patients households revealed the predominance of Aedes aegypti (A. aegypti) (95.15%) versus Aedes albopictus (4.85%). Conclusions There is a positive correlation between the population density of A. aegypti and the number of human cases and duration of outbreaks. This was not observed for Aedes albopictus. Three pools of A. aegypti were positive with dengue virus, two with DENV-1 and one with DENV-2.
Published: 2015
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17. Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study

Author: Shi, Ting, McAllister, David, O'Brien, Katherine, Simoes, Eric, Madhi, Shabir, Gessner, Bradford, Polack, Fernando, Balsells, Evelyn, Acacio, Sozinho, Aguayo, Claudia, Alassani, Issifou, Ali, Asad, Antonio, Martin, Awasthi, Shally, Awori, Juliet, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Baggett, Henry, Baillie, Vicky, Balmaseda, Angel, Barahona, Alfredo, Basnet, Sudha, Bassat, Quique, Basualdo, Wilma, Bigogo, Godfrey, Bont, Louis, Breiman, Robert, Brooks, W Abdullah, Broor, Shobha, Bruce, Nigel, Bruden, Dana, Buchy, Philippe, Campbell, Stuart, Carosone-Link, Phyllis, Chadha, Mandeep, Chipeta, James, Chou, Monidarin, Clara, Wilfrido, Cohen, Cheryl, de Cuellar, Elizabeth, Dang, Duc-Anh, Dash-Yandag, Budragchaagiin, Deloria-Knoll, Maria, Dherani, Mukesh, Eap, Tekchheng, Ebruke, Bernard, Echavarria, Marcela, de Freitas Lázaro Emediato, Carla Cecília, Fasce, Rodrigo, Feikin, Daniel, Feng, Luzhao, Gentile, Angel, Gordon, Aubree, Goswami, Doli, Goyet, Sophie, Groome, Michelle, Halasa, Natasha, Hirve, Siddhivinayak, Homaira, Nusrat, Howie, Stephen, Jara, Jorge, Jroundi, Imane, Kartasasmita, Cissy, Khuri-Bulos, Najwa, Kotloff, Karen, Krishnan, Anand, Libster, Romina, Lopez, Olga, Lucero, Marilla, Lucion, Florencia, Lupisan, Socorro, Marcone, Debora, McCracken, John, Mejia, Mario, Moisi, Jennifer, Montgomery, Joel, Moore, David, Moraleda, Cinta, Moyes, Jocelyn, Munywoki, Patrick, Mutyara, Kuswandewi, Nicol, Mark, Nokes, James, Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn, da Costa Oliveira, Maria, Oshitani, Histoshi, Pandey, Nitin, Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia, Phillips, Lia, Picot, Valentina Sanchez, Rahman, Mustafizur, Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala, Rasmussen, Zeba, Rath, Barbara, Robinson, Annick, Romero, Candice, Russomando, Graciela, Salimi, Vahid, Sawatwong, Pongpun, Scheltema, Nienke, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Scott, J Anthony G, Seidenberg, Phil, Shen, Kunling, Singleton, Rosalyn, Sotomayor, Viviana, Strand, Tor, Sutanto, Agustinus, Sylla, Maria, Tapia, Milagritos, Thamthitiwat, Somsak, Thomas, Elizabeth, Tokarz, Rafal, Turner, Claudia, Venter, Marietjie, Waicharoen, Sunthareeya, Wang, Jianwei, Watthanaworawit, Wanitda, Yoshida, Lay-Myint, Yu, Hongjie, Zar, Heather, Campbell, Harry, Nair, Harish, University of Edinburgh, University of Glasgow, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Agence de Médecine Préventive, Ministry of Health [Togo], Aga Khan University, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia (MRC), King George's Medical University, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Ministry of Public Health [Thailand], Ministry of Health [Nicaragua] (MINSA), Centre for International Health [Bergen, Norway], University of Bergen (UiB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), University Medical Center [Utrecht], Emory Global Health Institute [Atlanta] (EGHI), Emory University [Atlanta, GA], All India Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, University of Health Sciences [Phnom-Penh, Cambodia] (UHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), National Pediatric Hospital, University of Health Sciences – Cambodia, Public Health Institute of Chile, Austral University, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Vanderbilt University [Nashville], KEM Hospital Research Center, University of Auckland [Auckland], Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, The University of Jordan (JU), Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Cape Town, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Laboratoire des pathogènes émergents -- Emerging Pathogens Laboratory (LPE-Fondation Mérieux), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rollins School of Public Health, Centre d’Infectiologie Charles-Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo - Madagascar, Université d'Antananarivo, National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Universidad Nacional de Asunción [Paraguay] (UNA), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University [New York], University of Pretoria [South Africa], China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Models, Statistical, Incidence, Medical virology, Infant, Newborn, Respiratory infections, Infant, Articles, Virologia mèdica, Infeccions respiratòries, Global Health, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Respiratory Syncytial Viruses, Hospitalization, Risk Factors, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Humans, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Hospital Mortality, Developing Countries, Respiratory Tract Infections
Abstract: BACKGROUND: We have previously estimated that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was associated with 22% of all episodes of (severe) acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) resulting in 55 000 to 199 000 deaths in children younger than 5 years in 2005. In the past 5 years, major research activity on RSV has yielded substantial new data from developing countries. With a considerably expanded dataset from a large international collaboration, we aimed to estimate the global incidence, hospital admission rate, and mortality from RSV-ALRI episodes in young children in 2015. METHODS: We estimated the incidence and hospital admission rate of RSV-associated ALRI (RSV-ALRI) in children younger than 5 years stratified by age and World Bank income regions from a systematic review of studies published between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2016, and unpublished data from 76 high quality population-based studies. We estimated the RSV-ALRI incidence for 132 developing countries using a risk factor-based model and 2015 population estimates. We estimated the in-hospital RSV-ALRI mortality by combining in-hospital case fatality ratios with hospital admission estimates from hospital-based (published and unpublished) studies. We also estimated overall RSV-ALRI mortality by identifying studies reporting monthly data for ALRI mortality in the community and RSV activity. FINDINGS: We estimated that globally in 2015, 33.1 million (uncertainty range [UR] 21.6-50.3) episodes of RSV-ALRI, resulted in about 3.2 million (2.7-3.8) hospital admissions, and 59 600 (48 000-74 500) in-hospital deaths in children younger than 5 years. In children younger than 6 months, 1.4 million (UR 1.2-1.7) hospital admissions, and 27 300 (UR 20 700-36 200) in-hospital deaths were due to RSV-ALRI. We also estimated that the overall RSV-ALRI mortality could be as high as 118 200 (UR 94 600-149 400). Incidence and mortality varied substantially from year to year in any given population. INTERPRETATION: Globally, RSV is a common cause of childhood ALRI and a major cause of hospital admissions in young children, resulting in a substantial burden on health-care services. About 45% of hospital admissions and in-hospital deaths due to RSV-ALRI occur in children younger than 6 months. An effective maternal RSV vaccine or monoclonal antibody could have a substantial effect on disease burden in this age group. FUNDING: The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2017

18. Quadruple-first line drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Vietnam: What can we learn from genes?

Author: Thuong Thi Vu, Son Thai Nguyen, Thanh Hoa Thi Tran, Anh Duc Dang, Huy Quang Nguyen, Hung Van Nguyen, Ngoc-Lan Nguyen, Nhung Viet Nguyen, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Van Anh Thi Nguyen, Lucie Contamin, Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Laboratoire Mixte International Drug Resistance in Southeast Asia (LMI DRISA), Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU)-Fondation Mérieux-University of sciences and technologies of hanoi (USTH)-Center of Infectiology Lao-Christophe Mérieux [Vientiane] (CILM), National Lung Hospital [Hanoi, Viet Nam], Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Vietnam Military Medical University, Du gène à l'écosystème (MIVEGEC-GeneSys), Pathogènes, Environnement, Santé Humaine (EPATH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), This work was supported by grants of the following projects: the PHC Lotus, the GDRI ID-BIO, the KC.10.15/06-10, the JEAI MySA, the LMI DRISA, and an ADB BIO3 USTH project. We would like to thank the Viet Nam National Tuberculosis Programme, National Lung Hospital, Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital and Hue Central Hospital for M. tuberculosis sampling. We also thank NIHE, IRD, CNRS and USTH for their support. Nguyen Quang Huy was supported by the project 911 scholarship from the Vietnamese Government., We are grateful to Elisabetta Andermarcher for editing the English., Fondation Mérieux-Center of Infectiology Lao-Christophe Mérieux [Vientiane] (CILM)-Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-University of sciences and technologies of hanoi (USTH)-Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Pentosyltransferases/genetics, Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Antitubercular Agents, Gene Expression, Drug resistance, MESH: Streptomycin/pharmacology, MIRU-VNTR, MESH: Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics, MESH: Genetic Fitness, MESH: Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Genotype, Second line drugs, MESH: Genetic Variation, MESH: Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification, MESH: Ethambutol/pharmacology, MESH: Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis/microbiology, Spoligotyping, Genetics, education.field_of_study, MESH: Rifampin/pharmacology, Isoniazid, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases, Catalase, 3. Good health, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Drug resistance-associated mutations, MESH: Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology, Infectious Diseases, Vietnam, DNA Gyrase, MESH: DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/genetics, Streptomycin, Rifampin, Oxidoreductases, Ethambutol, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), Ribosomal Proteins, MESH: Oxidoreductases/genetics, MESH: Gene Expression, Tuberculosis, 030106 microbiology, Population, Biology, MESH: Bacterial Proteins/genetics, Microbiology, MESH: Bacterial Typing Techniques, MESH: DNA Gyrase/genetics, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, medicine, MESH: Catalase/genetics, Humans, Pentosyltransferases, education, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, MESH: Isoniazid/pharmacology, First line drugs, MESH: Humans, Genetic Variation, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Extensively drug resistance, MESH: Ribosomal Proteins/genetics, MESH: Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects, Mutation, MESH: Mutation, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Genetic Fitness, MESH: Vietnam, Drug susceptibility testing, Rifampicin
Abstract: International audience; In Vietnam, a country with high tuberculosis (137/100.000 population) and multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB burdens (7.8/100.000 population), little is known about the molecular signatures of drug resistance in general and more particularly of second line drug (SLD) resistance. This study is specifically focused on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates resistant to four first-line drugs (FLDs) that make TB much more difficult to treat. The aim is to determine the proportion of SLD resistance in these quadruple drug resistant isolates and the genetic determinants linked to drug resistance to better understand the genetic processes leading to quadruple and extremely drug resistance (XDR). 91 quadruple (rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol and streptomycin) FLD resistant and 55 susceptible isolates were included. Spoligotyping and 24-locus MIRU-VNTR techniques were performed and 9 genes and promoters linked to FLD and SLD resistance were sequenced. SLD susceptibility testing was carried out on a subsample of isolates. High proportion of quadruple-FLD resistant isolates was resistant to fluoroquinolones (27%) and second-line injectable drugs (30.2%) by drug susceptibility testing. The sequencing revealed high mutation diversity with prevailing mutations at positions katG315, inhA-15, rpoB531, embB306, rrs1401, rpsL43 and gyrA94. The sensitivity and specificity were high for most drug resistances (>86%), but the sensitivity was lower for injectable drug resistances (
Published: 2016

19. Observatoire Scientifique en Appui à la GEstion de la Santé sur un territoire (OSAGE-S)

Author: Fargette, Mireille, Frutos, Roger, Merlin, Aurélie, Ravel, Patrice, Tunggul Satoto, Tri Baskoro, Andayani, Eka, Damayanti, Susi, Kister, Guilhem, Nghia, Ngu Duy, Bardie, yannick, Cornillot, Emmanuel, Devaux, Christian, Moulia, Catherine, Gavotte, Laurent, Briant, Laurence, Chazal, Nathalie, Libourel Rouge, Thérèse, UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Gadjah Mada University, Sukoharjo Regency Health Center, Center of Java, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Voutes SAS – Intelligence in Life, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions hôtes-vecteurs-parasites-environnement dans les maladies tropicales négligées dues aux trypanosomatides (UMR INTERTRYP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Institut National d'Hygiène et d'Épidémiologie de Hanoi (NIHE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, systemics, pathosystème, système de santé, pathological system, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Object models, environnement, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Modélisation objet, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, health system, systémique, environment
Abstract: International audience; Within the "Health and Environmenl" framework, a group of scientists in disciplinary fields as diverse as biology, medical sciences, model/ing, ecology, geography, computer sciences, are co/laborating to study the dynamics of infectious diseases in Southeast Asia. ln this paper they propose Io pool their knowledge on biological pathogens, environment and societies and to shore their field. laboratory and clinical expertise to address questions on research, disease monitoring and health management. An integrative plotform has been suggested and organised in order to implement a Scientific Observatory (OSAGE-S}, dedicated to supporting Health Management in a Territory. The first part of this work addresses generic and epistemological questions, formai/y explicits the formula "Health and Environment" in order to relate if to concepts such as "pathological system", "environment" and "observatory "; the second part relates to further operational issues for the observatory concept dedicated to the support of Health management. Thereafter we illustrate our proposition with a case study, the Chikungunya disease in lndonesia.; Dans le contexte« environnement-santé », l'équipe interdisciplinaire (biologistes, médecins, épidémiologistes, modélisateurs, écologues, géographes, informaticiens) qui travaille sur la dynamique de maladies infectieuses dans le Sud-Est asiatique, propose de mettre en commun la connaissance qu'elle a des agents biologiques pathogènes et des processus qui interviennent dans les milieux et les sociétés et de partager expériences de terrain, de laboratoire, clinique pour aborder les questions de recherche, de suivi des maladies et de gestion de la santé. Pour ce faire, l'idée d 'une plateforme intégrative a été avancée et nous a permis de décliner la proposition de mise en oeuvre d'un Observatoire Scientifique en Appui à la GEstion de la Santé sur un territoire (OSAGE-S). Les prémices de ce travail sont d'une part d'ordre générique et épistémologique : ils explicitent formellement la formule «environnement-santé» pour y positionner le pathosystème, l'environnement et l'observatoire; d 'autre part d'ordre opérationnel par explicitation du concept d'observatoire en appui à la gestion de la Santé. Par la suite nous illustrerons nos propos autour d'OSAGE-S, à partir d'une étude de cas. la maladie du Chikungunya en Indonésie.
Published: 2016

20. The epidemiological signature of influenza B virus and its B/Victoria and B/Yamagata lineages in the 21st century

Author: John Paget, Olga Bessonova, Joseph S. Bresee, Norosoa Harline Razanajatovo, Saverio Caini, Binay Thapa, Francisco José de Paula Júnior, Jenny Lara Araya, Florette K. Treurnicht, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de Almeida, Brechla Moreno Arévalo, Zhibin Peng, Raquel Guiomar, Gabriela Kusznierz, Q. Sue Huang, Herman Kosasih, Antonino Bella, Doménica de Mora, Rakhee Palekar, Olha Holubka, Maria R. Castrucci, Rudevelinda Rivera, Phuong Vu Mai Hoang, Gideon O. Emukule, Rodrigo Fasce, Rocio Higueros, Sandra S. Chaves, Fatima el Falaki, Mai T. Q. Le, Herve A. Kadjo, Patricia Bustos, Luzhao Feng, Ainash Makusheva, Vernon J. Lee, Richard Njouom, Ana Paula Rodrigues, Coulibaly Daouda, Gé Donker, Alfredo Bruno, Alla Mironenko, Cheryl Cohen, Jean-Michel Heraud, Li Wei Ang, Sonam Wangchuk, Mónica Jeannette Barahona de Gámez, Maria Zambon, Clotilde El Guerche-Séblain, Angel Balmaseda, Lynnette Brammer, Amal Barakat, Richard Pebody, Adam Meijer, Verònica Vera Garate, Tim Wood, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research [Utrecht] (NIVEL), Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Dr. Emilio Coni [Santa Fe, Argentina] (INER), Ministry of Health [Bhoutan], Ministry of Health [Brasília, Brazil], Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISP), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health [Costa Rica], Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública [Guayaquil, Ecuador] (INSPI), Ministerio de Salud de El Salvador (MINSAL), Public Health England [London], Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social [Guatemala] (MSPAS), Ministry of Health [Honduras] (SESAL), US Naval Medical Research Unit No.2 [Jakarta, Indonesia] (NAMRU-2), Naval Medical Research Center [Silver Spring, USA] (NMRC), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, Institut National de Santé Publique d'Abidjan-INSP, Ministry of Healthcare [Kazakhstan], Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Kenya], Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut National d'Hygiène [Maroc], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR), Ministry of Health [Nicaragua] (MINSA), Pan American Health Organization [Washington] (PAHO), Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud [Panamá], Instituto Nacional de Saùde Dr Ricardo Jorge [Portugal] (INSA), Ministry of Health [Singapore], National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg] (NICD), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Sanofi Pasteur [Lyon, France], The study is supported by a research grant from Sanofi Pasteur: the ‘Global Epidemiology of Influenza B’ research project. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for two authors (CEGS and JP) but did not have any additional role in the data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., The 'Global Influenza B Study team' (group authorship) includes the following scientists: Juan Manuel Rudi (jmrudi@anlis.gov.ar), National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Emilio Coni', Santa Fe, Argentina, Dorji Wangchuk (dorjiwangchuk@health.gov.bt) and Sangay Zangmo (szangmo@health.gov.bt), Royal Centre for Disease Control, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan, Daiana Araujo da Silva (daiana.silva@saude.gov.br), Ministry of Health, Department of Surveillance of Transmissible Diseases, Brasília/DF, Brazil, Winston Andrade (wandrade@ispch.cl), Sub-Department of Viral Diseases, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Jiandong Zheng (zhengjd@chinacdc.cn) and Ying Qin (qinying@chinacdc.cn), Division of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China, Joanna Ellis (joanna.ellis@phe.gov.uk), Public Health England, London, United Kingdom, Simona Puzelli (simona.puzelli@iss.it), National Influenza Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy, Caterina Rizzo (rizzocaterina@gmail.com), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy, Linus Ndegwa (ikf7@cdc.gov), Influenza Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya, Marit MA de Lange (marit.de.lange@rivm.nl) and Anne C. Teirlinck (anne.teirlinck@rivm.nl), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology and Surveillance, Bilthoven, The Netherlands, Jeffery Cutter (jeffery_cutter@moh.gov.sg) and Raymond Tzer Pin Lin (raymond_lin@moh.gov.sg), Public Health Group, Ministry of Health, Singapore, Singapore, Than T. Le (lmot82@yahoo.com), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam, and Peter Kinuthia 42 (polorien@gmail.com), IHRC Inc., Atlanta, USA.
Subjects: RNA viruses, Male, Infecções Respiratórias, 0301 basic medicine, Viral Diseases, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Influenza Vaccines, Seasonal influenza, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Influenza A virus, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Influenza B virus, Pathology and laboratory medicine, Northern Hemisphere, Vaccines, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Multidisciplinary, Geography, MESH: Influenza, Human, virus diseases, Medical microbiology, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Influenza Vaccines, Population Surveillance, Viruses, Epidemiological Monitoring, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Medicine, Southern Hemisphere, Female, Age distribution, Seasons, Pathogens, MESH: History, 21st Century, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Disease Control, Science, MESH: Influenza A virus, Biology, Microbiology, History, 21st Century, Virus, MESH: Population Surveillance, MESH: Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, 03 medical and health sciences, Age Distribution, Population Metrics, Influenza, Human, medicine, Influenza viruses, Humans, Epidemics, MESH: Epidemics, Disease burden, MESH: Humans, Biology and life sciences, Population Biology, Organisms, Viral pathogens, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Estados de Saúde e de Doença, Virology, Influenza, MESH: Male, Microbial pathogens, Earth sciences, Influenza B virus, Vaccine mismatch, 030104 developmental biology, Virus type, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Epidemiological Monitoring, Geographic areas, MESH: Seasons, MESH: Female, Orthomyxoviruses
Abstract: Free PMC article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/31513690/ We describe the epidemiological characteristics, pattern of circulation, and geographical distribution of influenza B viruses and its lineages using data from the Global Influenza B Study. We included over 1.8 million influenza cases occurred in thirty-one countries during 2000-2018. We calculated the proportion of cases caused by influenza B and its lineages; determined the timing of influenza A and B epidemics; compared the age distribution of B/Victoria and B/Yamagata cases; and evaluated the frequency of lineage-level mismatch for the trivalent vaccine. The median proportion of influenza cases caused by influenza B virus was 23.4%, with a tendency (borderline statistical significance, p = 0.060) to be higher in tropical vs. temperate countries. Influenza B was the dominant virus type in about one every seven seasons. In temperate countries, influenza B epidemics occurred on average three weeks later than influenza A epidemics; no consistent pattern emerged in the tropics. The two B lineages caused a comparable proportion of influenza B cases globally, however the B/Yamagata was more frequent in temperate countries, and the B/Victoria in the tropics (p = 0.048). B/Yamagata patients were significantly older than B/Victoria patients in almost all countries. A lineage-level vaccine mismatch was observed in over 40% of seasons in temperate countries and in 30% of seasons in the tropics. The type B virus caused a substantial proportion of influenza infections globally in the 21st century, and its two virus lineages differed in terms of age and geographical distribution of patients. These findings will help inform health policy decisions aiming to reduce disease burden associated with seasonal influenza. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2019

21. Evaluation of Two Techniques for Viral Load Monitoring Using Dried Blood Spot in Routine Practice in Vietnam (French National Agency for AIDS and Hepatitis Research 12338)

Author: Hien Thi Ho, Ban Hien Pham, Edouard Tuaillon, Lan Nguyen, Eric Delaporte, Fabien Taieb, Tran Hong Tram, Nhan Thi Do, Duc Duong Bui, Yoann Madec, Linh An Tong, Anh Nguyen, Van Anh Pham, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses (TransVIHMI), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Universtié Yaoundé 1 [Cameroun]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Hanoi School of Public Health (HUPH), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Dong Da Hospital, Vietnam Administration of HIV/AIDS Control, Pathogénèse et contrôle des infections chroniques (PCCI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Sainte-Anne (HIA Sainte-Anne), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA and Hépatites Virales (Paris, France). Abbott and Roche companies supported this study by providing viral load test kits., Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Herrada, Anthony
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Dried Blood Spots (DBS), 030106 microbiology, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Routine practice, medicine.disease_cause, World health, Major Articles, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, TaqMan, Viral load, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Hepatitis, [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, virological failure, business.industry, HIV, medicine.disease, sensitivity, Virology, 3. Good health, Dried blood spot, Infectious Diseases, Oncology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: Background. Although it is the best method to detect early therapeutic failure, viral load (VL) monitoring is still not widely available in many resource-limited settings because of difficulties in specimen transfer, personnel shortage, and insufficient laboratory infrastructures. Dried blood spot (DBS) use, which was introduced in the latest World Health Organization recommendations, can overcome these difficulties. This evaluation aimed at validating VL measurement in DBS, in a laboratory without previous DBS experience and in routine testing conditions. Methods. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults were observed in a HIV care site in Hanoi, and each patient provided 2 DBS cards with whole blood spots and 2 plasma samples. Viral load was measured in DBS and in plasma using the COBAS Ampliprep/TaqMan and the Abbott RealTime assays. To correctly identify those with VL ≥ 1000 copies/mL, sensitivity and specificity were estimated. Results. A total of 198 patients were enrolled. With the Roche technique, 51 plasma VL were ≥1000 copies/mL; among these, 28 presented a VL in DBS that was also ≥1000 copies/mL (sensitivity, 54.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 40.3–68.9). On the other hand, all plasma VL < 1000 copies/mL were also Conclusions. The Abbott RealTime polymerase chain reaction assay provided adequate VL results in DBS, thus allowing DBS use for VL monitoring.
Published: 2016

22. Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages and anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in reference hospitals across Viet Nam

Author: Duc Anh Dang, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Marc Choisy, Van Anh Thi Nguyen, Guy B. Marks, Hung Van Nguyen, Nam Lien Thi Nguyen, Thai-Son Nguyen, Ngoc-Lan Nguyen, Thanh Hoa Thi Tran, Kim Pham, Développement, évolution et plasticité du système nerveux (DEPSN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Du gène à l'écosystème (MIVEGEC-GeneSys), Pathogènes, Environnement, Santé Humaine (EPATH), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Antitubercular Agents, Drug resistance, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, Genotype, Epidemiology, Child, Phylogeny, Aged, 80 and over, Molecular Epidemiology, biology, Age Factors, Middle Aged, Hospitals, 3. Good health, Vietnam, Child, Preschool, Female, Research Article, Adult, DNA, Bacterial, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Adolescent, 030106 microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Reference hospital, Microbiology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Lineage, medicine, Humans, Aged, Molecular epidemiology, Infant, Newborn, Genetic Variation, Infant, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Virology, Middle age, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Demography
Abstract: Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the tuberculosis (TB) pathogen, despite a low level of genetic diversity, has revealed a high variety of biological and epidemiological characteristics linked to their lineages, such as transmissibility, fitness and propensity to acquire drug resistance. This has important implications for the epidemiology of TB. We conducted this first countrywide cross-sectional study to identify the prevalent M. tuberculosis lineages and to assess their epidemiological associations and their relation to drug resistance. The study was conducted among isolates acquired in reference hospitals across Vietnam. Isolates with drug susceptibility testing profiles were identified for their lineages by spoligotyping. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association of M. tuberculosis lineages with location, age and sex of the patients and drug resistance levels. Results Results showed that the most prevalent lineage was Beijing (55.4 %), followed by EAI (27.5 %), T (6.4 %), LAM (1.3 %), Haarlem (1 %) and Zero type (0.3 %). The proportion of Beijing isolates in the North (70.4 %) and the South (68 %) was higher than in the Centre (28 %) (OR = 1.7 [95 % CI: 1.4–2.0], p
Published: 2016

23. Global Role and Burden of Influenza in Pediatric Respiratory Hospitalizations, 1982–2012: A Systematic Analysis

Author: Melissa J. Whaley, Malinee Chittaganpitch, Remigio M. Olveda, Marta Von Horoch, Adebayo Adedeji, Tran Hien Nguyen, Jean-Michel Heraud, Robert Booy, Daddi Jima, Vida Mmbaga, Stephen R. C. Howie, Julio Armero, Ricardo Mena, Radu Cojocaru, Marietjie Venter, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Thierry Nyatanyi, Daouda Coulibaly, Guiselle Guzman, Amal Barakat, Hongjie Yu, Mandeep S. Chadha, Harry Campbell, Andrew Corwin, Harish Nair, Mohammad Hafiz Rasooly, Daniel E. Noyola, Zuridin Nurmatov, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner, Ondri Dwi Sampurno, Andros Theo, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Kathryn E. Lafond, Joseph S. Bresee, William Ampofo, Fátima Valente, Mahmudur Rahman, Gideon O. Emukule, Paul Kitsutani, Terveystieteiden yksikkö - School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, University of Tampere [Finland], University of Edinburgh, Public Health Foundation of India, Afghanistan National Public Health Institute, National Directorate of Public Health, Westmead Hospital [Sydney], Institute of Epidemiology, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Ministerio de Salud de El Salvador (MINSAL), Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), University of Auckland [Auckland], University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], University of Ghana, Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social [Guatemala] (MSPAS), National Institute of Virology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi [México] (UASLP), National Centre for Public Health [Chisinau, Republic of Moldova], National Influenza Center, Ministry of Health [Morocco], Federal Ministry of Health, Ministerio de Salud Publica y Bienestar Social, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria [South Africa], National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg] (NICD), Ministry of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), University Teaching Hospital, and Funding for this study was provided entirely by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The study was designed by the authors, and the results and conclusions do not necessarily reflect the official position of the CDC.
Subjects: PNEUMONIA, 0301 basic medicine, RNA viruses, Pediatrics, Viral Diseases, Influenza Viruses, Pulmonology, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, MESH: Global Health, MESH: Hospitalization, LABORATORY-CONFIRMED INFLUENZA, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Child, Global health, Medicine and Health Sciences, Terveystiede - Health care science, Public and Occupational Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Respiratory system, Lower respiratory infection, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Influenza, Human, 1. No poverty, General Medicine, Naisten- ja lastentaudit - Gynaecology and paediatrics, MESH: Infant, Vaccination and Immunization, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, INFECTIONS, Medical Microbiology, Vaccination coverage, Viral Pathogens, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Viruses, Geographic regions, VIRUS, Pathogens, Pediatric Infections, Developed country, Research Article, COUNTRIES, AFRICA, YOUNG-CHILDREN, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Disease Control, Immunology, UNITED-STATES, SEASONAL INFLUENZA, Disease Surveillance, Microbiology, Healthcare improvement science Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 18], 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Microbial Pathogens, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Respiratory illness, Biology and life sciences, business.industry, MORTALITY, MESH: Child, Preschool, lcsh:R, Organisms, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, medicine.disease, 030112 virology, MESH: Male, Influenza, Pneumonia, Age Groups, Infectious Disease Surveillance, Respiratory Infections, People and Places, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Population Groupings, MESH: Respiratory Tract Diseases, MESH: Epidemiological Monitoring, Preventive Medicine, business, MESH: Female, Orthomyxoviruses
Abstract: Background The global burden of pediatric severe respiratory illness is substantial, and influenza viruses contribute to this burden. Systematic surveillance and testing for influenza among hospitalized children has expanded globally over the past decade. However, only a fraction of the data has been used to estimate influenza burden. In this analysis, we use surveillance data to provide an estimate of influenza-associated hospitalizations among children worldwide. Methods and Findings We aggregated data from a systematic review (n = 108) and surveillance platforms (n = 37) to calculate a pooled estimate of the proportion of samples collected from children hospitalized with respiratory illnesses and positive for influenza by age group (, The substantial global burden of influenza infections in children is revealed by Lafond and colleagues. Children in developing countries are 3 times more likely to be hospitalised and treatments vary. This study highlights the need for vaccination programs in the young., Editors' Summary Background Acute lower respiratory infections—bacterial and viral infections of the lungs and airways (the tubes that take oxygen-rich air to the lungs)—are major causes of illness and death in children worldwide. Pneumonia (infection of the lungs) alone is responsible for 15% of deaths among children under five years old and kills nearly one million young children every year. Globally, infections with respiratory syncytial virus and with Streptococcus pneumoniae are associated with about 25% and 18.3%, respectively, of all episodes of severe respiratory infection in young children. Another infectious organism that contributes to the global burden of respiratory disease among children is the influenza virus. Every year, millions of people become infected with this virus, which infects the airways and causes symptoms that include a high temperature, tiredness and weakness, general aches and pains, and a dry chesty cough. Most infected individuals recover quickly, but seasonal influenza outbreaks (epidemics) nevertheless kill about half a million people annually, with the highest burden of severe disease being experienced by elderly people and by children under five years old. Why Was This Study Done? Annual immunization (vaccination) can reduce an individual’s risk of catching influenza, but before a country implements this preventative measure, policymakers need reliable estimates of the burden of influenza in their country. Although such estimates have been calculated for resource-rich countries with temperate climates, where influenza largely occurs in the winter, few estimates of influenza burden are available for resource-limited countries, which has hampered informed consideration of vaccination for influenza prevention in many settings. Recently, however, there has been a global expansion of systematic surveillance and testing for influenza virus among patients admitted to hospital for severe respiratory infection. Here, the researchers use this expanded surveillance data to provide an estimate of influenza-associated hospitalizations among children worldwide between 1982 and 2012. Specifically, they undertake a systematic review to identify published research articles on influenza-associated respiratory disease in hospitalized children, and, by aggregating the data from these articles with data collected by hospital-based influenza surveillance, they calculate a pooled estimate of the proportion of children hospitalized with respiratory disease who are positive for influenza. What Did the Researchers Do and Find? Using predefined search criteria, the researchers identified 108 published research articles that provided information on influenza-associated respiratory illness among hospitalized children. In addition, the Global Respiratory Hospitalizations–Influenza Proportion Positive (GRIPP) working group provided 37 hospital-based influenza surveillance datasets. By aggregating the data from these sources using a statistical approach called meta-analysis, the researchers calculated that, overall, influenza was associated with 9.5% of hospitalizations for severe respiratory infection among children under 18 years old worldwide, ranging from 4.8% among children under six months old to 16.4% among children aged 5–17 years. The researchers also calculated that, on average over the study period, influenza resulted in about 374,000 hospitalizations annually among children under one year old (including 228,000 hospitalizations among children less than six months old) and nearly one million hospitalizations annually among children under five years old. Finally, the researchers calculated that influenza-associated hospitalization rates among children under five years old over the study period were more than three times higher in resource-limited countries than in industrialized countries (150 and 48 hospitalizations, respectively, per 100,000 children per year). What Do These Findings Mean? Differences in hospitalization practices, in applications of case definitions, and in influenza testing protocols between settings may affect the accuracy of these findings. Specifically, the approach taken by the researchers may mean that their estimate of the total burden of severe respiratory disease due to influenza is an underestimate of the true situation. Even so, these findings suggest that influenza is an important contributor to hospitalizations for severe respiratory illness among children worldwide. Increasing influenza vaccination coverage among young children and pregnant women could, therefore, reduce the contribution that influenza makes to hospitalizations for respiratory infections among children. Importantly, the estimates of the burden of influenza provided by these findings can now be used by countries considering influenza vaccination programs for children and/or pregnant women to help them investigate the possible health and cost implications of such programs and should also stimulate further research into the development of effective influenza vaccines for young children. Additional Information This list of resources contains links that can be accessed when viewing the PDF on a device or via the online version of the article at http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001977. The UK National Health Service Choices website provides information about respiratory infections, seasonal influenza, influenza vaccination, and influenza vaccination in children The World Health Organization provides information on seasonal influenza (in several languages) and on influenza vaccines The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also provides information for patients and health professionals on all aspects seasonal influenza, including information about vaccination, and about children, influenza, and vaccination; its website contains a short video about personal experiences of influenza Flu.gov, a US government website, provides access to information on seasonal influenza and vaccination MedlinePlus has links to further information about influenza and about vaccination (in English and Spanish)
Published: 2016

24. Temporal Patterns of Influenza A and B in Tropical and Temperate Countries: What Are the Lessons for Influenza Vaccination?

Author: Marietjie Venter, Juan Yang, Simona Puzelli, Antonino Bella, Joshua A. Mott, Rodrigo Fasce, Coulibaly Daouda, Jenny Lara, Hongjie Yu, Winston Andrade, Selim Badur, Cláudio Maierovitch Pessanha Henriques, François G. Schellevis, Jean-Michel Heraud, Akerke Ospanova, Sonam Wangchuk, Brechla Moreno, Herve A. Kadjo, Raymond T. P. Lin, Juan Manuel Rudi, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de Almeida, Gabriela Kusznierz, Joseph S. Bresee, Cheryl Cohen, Mai thi Quynh Le, Rhonda Owen, Maria Zambon, Maria Luisa Matute, Kunzang Dorji, Kate Pennington, Global Influenza B Study, Herman Kosasih, Nurhayati, Alla Mironenko, Ming Li, Angel Balmaseda, Alexey Clara, Alfredo Bruno, Richard Njouom, Phuong Vu Mai Hoang, Ana Paula Rodrigues, Celina de Lozano, Luzhao Feng, Olha Holubka, Amal Barakat, Lyazzat Kiyanbekova, Norosoa Harline Razanajatovo, Saverio Caini, Meral Akcay Ciblak, Raquel Guiomar, Richard Pebody, Leticia Castillo, Gideon O. Emukule, Liza Lopez, Doménica de Mora, Jeffery Cutter, Q. Sue Huang, Marie-Astrid Vernet, Abderrahman Bimohuen, John Paget, Lynnette Brammer, General practice, EMGO - Quality of care, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISP), Istanbul University, Ministry of Health [Nicaragua] (MINSA), Ministry of Health [Morocco], Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública [Guayaquil, Ecuador] (INSPI), Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social [Guatemala] (MSPAS), US Centers for Disease Control, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Ministry of Health, Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Ministerio de Salud de El Salvador (MINSAL), Ministry of Health [Bhoutan], US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Instituto nacional de saude, Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR), Astana Center of Sanitary Epidemiology Expertise, US Naval Medical Research Unit n°2, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias 'Dr. Emilio Coni', Ministry of Health [Costa Rica], National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Ministry of Health [Honduras] (SESAL), National Influenza Center, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Office of Health Protection, Woden, ACT, Australia (DHAISS), Public Health England [London], National Institute of Health, University of Pretoria [South Africa], The Global Influenza B Study is supported by an unrestricted research grant from Sanofi Pasteur. The study sponsor had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, and and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. The study sponsor had no access to the data in the study.
Subjects: Infecções Respiratórias, Influenza Viruses, Epidemiology, Gripe, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geographical locations, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, DRIVERS, Estados de Saúde, Public and Occupational Health, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, lcsh:Science, MESH: Influenza B virus, Northern Hemisphere, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Geography, MESH: Influenza, Human, Vaccination, virus diseases, 3. Good health, Global Influenza B Study, MESH: Tropical Climate, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Immunology, Disease Surveillance, SEASONAL INFLUENZA, Microbiology, Influenza Vaccin, 03 medical and health sciences, Influenza Vaccination, SURVEILLANCE, Humans, Microbial Pathogens, Retrospective Studies, MESH: Humans, Science & Technology, lcsh:R, Organisms, Correction, Influenza a, MESH: Retrospective Studies, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, medicine.disease, Virology, Influenza, MADAGASCAR, lcsh:Q, Preventive Medicine, People and places, Demography, RNA viruses, Viral Diseases, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Tropical climate, Medicine and Health Sciences, Influenza A virus, 030212 general & internal medicine, Multidisciplinary, Medical microbiology, Vaccination and Immunization, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Viruses, Human mortality from H5N1, Southern Hemisphere, Seasons, Pathogens, Brazil, Research Article, Infectious Disease Control, General Science & Technology, 030231 tropical medicine, MESH: Influenza A virus, Healthcare improvement science Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 18], MD Multidisciplinary, Influenza, Human, Temperate climate, medicine, Tropical Climate, Biology and life sciences, business.industry, Other Research Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 0], Viral pathogens, Tropics, MESH: Vaccination, South America, Seasonality, Earth sciences, Influenza B virus, Infectious Disease Surveillance, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Geographic areas, MESH: Seasons, Orthomyxoviruses
Abstract: Erratum in - Correction: Temporal Patterns of Influenza A and B in Tropical and Temperate Countries: What Are the Lessons for Influenza Vaccination? PLoS One. 2016 May 2;11(5):e0155089. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155089. Introduction: Determining the optimal time to vaccinate is important for influenza vaccination programmes. Here, we assessed the temporal characteristics of influenza epidemics in the Northern and Southern hemispheres and in the tropics, and discuss their implications for vaccination programmes. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of surveillance data between 2000 and 2014 from the Global Influenza B Study database. The seasonal peak of influenza was defined as the week with the most reported cases (overall, A, and B) in the season. The duration of seasonal activity was assessed using the maximum proportion of influenza cases during three consecutive months and the minimum number of months with 80% of cases in the season. We also assessed whether co-circulation of A and B virus types affected the duration of influenza epidemics. Results: 212 influenza seasons and 571,907 cases were included from 30 countries. In tropical countries, the seasonal influenza activity lasted longer and the peaks of influenza A and B coincided less frequently than in temperate countries. Temporal characteristics of influenza epidemics were heterogeneous in the tropics, with distinct seasonal epidemics observed only in some countries. Seasons with co-circulation of influenza A and B were longer than influenza A seasons, especially in the tropics. Discussion: Our findings show that influenza seasonality is less well defined in the tropics than in temperate regions. This has important implications for vaccination programmes in these countries. High-quality influenza surveillance systems are needed in the tropics to enable decisions about when to vaccinate. The Global Influenza B Study is supported by an unrestricted research grant from Sanofi Pasteur. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2016

25. Coral Mucus Is a Hot Spot for Viral Infections

Author: Thuy Nguyen-Thanh, Corinne Bouvier, Justine Brune, Thierry Bouvier, Huy Tran-Quang, Yvan Bettarel, Hai Doan-Nhu, Lam Nguyen-Ngoc, Hanh Nguyen-Kim, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Coral, Microorganism, viruses, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Virulence, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Microbial Ecology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Anthozoa, Lysogenic cycle, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Acropora formosa, Ecology, biology, Bacteria, biology.organism_classification, Mucus, Lytic cycle, Vietnam, Viruses, Seasons, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Food Science, Biotechnology, Virus Physiological Phenomena
Abstract: There is increasing suspicion that viral communities play a pivotal role in maintaining coral health, yet their main ecological traits still remain poorly characterized. In this study, we examined the seasonal distribution and reproduction pathways of viruses inhabiting the mucus of the scleractinians Fungia repanda and Acropora formosa collected in Nha Trang Bay (Vietnam) during an 11-month survey. The strong coupling between epibiotic viral and bacterial abundance suggested that phages are dominant among coral-associated viral communities. Mucosal viruses also exhibited significant differences in their main features between the two coral species and were also remarkably contrasted with their planktonic counterparts. For example, their abundance (inferred from epifluorescence counts), lytic production rates (KCN incubations), and the proportion of lysogenic cells (mitomycin C inductions) were, respectively, 2.6-, 9.5-, and 2.2-fold higher in mucus than in the surrounding water. Both lytic and lysogenic indicators were tightly coupled with temperature and salinity, suggesting that the life strategy of viral epibionts is strongly dependent upon environmental circumstances. Finally, our results suggest that coral mucus may represent a highly favorable habitat for viral proliferation, promoting the development of both temperate and virulent phages. Here, we discuss how such an optimized viral arsenal could be crucial for coral viability by presumably forging complex links with both symbiotic and adjacent nonsymbiotic microorganisms.
Published: 2015

26. Viral distribution and life strategies in the Bach Dang Estuary, Vietnam

Author: Yvan Bettarel, Thierry Bouvier, Martin Agis, Corinne Bouvier, Thuoc Van Chu, Marine Combe, Xavier Mari, Minh Ngoc Nghiem, Thuy Thanh Nguyen, Thu The Pham, Olivier Pringault, Emma Rochelle-Newall, Jean-Pascal Torréton, Huy Quang Tran, Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Marine Environment and Resources (IMER), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut National d'Hygiène et d'Épidémiologie de Hanoi (NIHE), This work was financed by the EC2CO-PNEC project 'HAIPHONG', and grants from the French IRD, CNRS, Groupement De Recherche (GDR) 2476 Réseaux Trophiques Pélagiques, and the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)., École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, viruses, Molecular Sequence Data, Soil Science, Fresh Water, Sodium Chloride, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Lysogen, Microbial ecology, Lysogenic cycle, Dry season, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Estuary, Plankton, 6. Clean water, Virus Latency, Salinity, Vietnam, Lytic cycle, Viruses, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Virus Physiological Phenomena
Abstract: International audience; Although the structure and dynamics of planktonic viruses in freshwater and seawater environments are relatively well documented, little is known about the occurrence and activity of these viruses in estuaries, especially in the tropics. Viral abundance, life strategies, and morphotype distribution were examined in the Bach Dang Estuary (Vietnam) during the dry season in 2009. The abundance of both viruses and their prokaryotic hosts decreased significantly from upstream to downstream, probably as the result of nutrient dilution and osmotic stress faced by the freshwater communities. The antibiotic mitomycin-C revealed that the fraction of lysogenic cells was substantially higher in the lower seawater part of the estuary (max 27.1%) than in the upper freshwater area where no inducible lysogens were observed. The question of whether there is a massive, continuous induction of marine lysogens caused by the mixing with freshwater is considered. Conversely, the production of lytic viruses declined as salinity increased, indicating a spatial succession of viral life strategies in this tropical estuary. Icosahedral tailless viruses with capsids smaller than 60 nm dominated the viral assemblage throughout the estuary (63.0% to 72.1% of the total viral counts), and their distribution was positively correlated with that of viral lytic production. Interestingly, the gamma-proteobacteria explained a significant portion of the variance in the 90 nm) was explained by the beta-proteobacteria. Overall, these results support the view that the environment, through selection mechanisms, probably shapes the structure of the prokaryotic community. This might be in turn a source of selection for the virioplankton community via specific affiliation favoring particular morphotypes and life strategies.
Published: 2011

27. Viruses Occur Incorporated in Biogenic High-Mg Calcite from Hypersaline Microbial Mats

Author: Rutger de Wit, Yvan Bettarel, Christian Marlière, Huy Tran Quang, Thierry Bouvier, Thuy Nguyen Thanh, Cécile Roques, Michel Ramonda, Pascale Gautret, Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université de Montpellier (UM), Nanobiomedicine group, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE), and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)
Subjects: Salinity, Science, viruses, chemistry.chemical_element, Calcium Carbonate, Microbiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Microbial mat, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Calcite, Multidisciplinary, biology, Phosphorus, Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission, RNA, Hypersaline lake, biology.organism_classification, Calcium carbonate, chemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental chemistry, Viruses, Nucleic acid, Medicine, Bacteria, Research Article
Abstract: International audience; Using three different microscopy techniques (epifluorescence, electronic and atomic force microscopy), we showed that high-Mg calcite grains in calcifying microbial mats from the hypersaline lake " La Salada de Chiprana " , Spain, contain viruses with a diameter of 50–80 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer analysis revealed that they contain nitrogen and phosphorus in a molar ratio of ~9, which is typical for viruses. Nucleic acid staining revealed that they contain DNA or RNA. As characteristic for hypersaline environments, the concentrations of free and attached viruses were high (>10 10 viruses per g of mat). In addition, we showed that acid treatment (dissolution of calcite) resulted in release of viruses into suspension and estimated that there were ~15 × 10 9 viruses per g of calcite. We suggest that virus-mineral interactions are one of the possible ways for the formation of nano-sized structures often described as " nanobacteria " and that viruses may play a role in initiating calcification.
Published: 2015

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27 results on '"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE)"'

1. Resistance to Second-Line Anti-TB Drugs in Cambodia: A Phenotypic and Genetic Study

2. Dried blood spots perform well to identify patients with active HCV infection in Vietnam

3. Taxonomical insights and ecology of sandfly (Diptera, Psychodidae) species in six provinces of Northern Vietnam

4. Current vector research challenges in the greater Mekong subregion for dengue, Malaria, and Other Vector-Borne Diseases: A report from a multisectoral workshop March 2019

5. Delamanid resistance: update and clinical management

6. Feasibility of dried blood spots for HIV viral load monitoring in decentralized area in North Vietnam in a test-and-treat era, the MOVIDA project

7. Distribution of influenza virus types by age using case-based global surveillance data from twenty-nine countries, 1999-2014

8. Bedaquiline Resistance

9. Diversity and Ecology of Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae), Potential Vectors of Leishmania in the Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam

10. The potential effect of improved provision of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Gavi-eligible countries: a modelling study

11. Sero-Prevalence Surveillance to Predict Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks; A Lesson from the 2014 Measles Epidemic in Northern Vietnam

12. Insights into the processes that drive the evolution of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

13. Surveillance of dengue and chikungunya infection in Dong Thap, Vietnam: A 13-month study

14. Hypoglycemic Toxins and Enteroviruses as Causes of Outbreaks of Acute Encephalitis-Like Syndrome in Children, Bac Giang Province, Northern Vietnam

15. First field evaluation of the optimized CE marked Abbott protocol for HIV RNA testing on dried blood spot in a routine clinical setting in Vietnam

16. Role of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus during the 2011 dengue fever epidemics in Hanoi, Vietnam

17. Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study

18. Quadruple-first line drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Vietnam: What can we learn from genes?

19. Observatoire Scientifique en Appui à la GEstion de la Santé sur un territoire (OSAGE-S)

20. The epidemiological signature of influenza B virus and its B/Victoria and B/Yamagata lineages in the 21st century

21. Evaluation of Two Techniques for Viral Load Monitoring Using Dried Blood Spot in Routine Practice in Vietnam (French National Agency for AIDS and Hepatitis Research 12338)

22. Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages and anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in reference hospitals across Viet Nam

23. Global Role and Burden of Influenza in Pediatric Respiratory Hospitalizations, 1982–2012: A Systematic Analysis

24. Temporal Patterns of Influenza A and B in Tropical and Temperate Countries: What Are the Lessons for Influenza Vaccination?

25. Coral Mucus Is a Hot Spot for Viral Infections

26. Viral distribution and life strategies in the Bach Dang Estuary, Vietnam

27. Viruses Occur Incorporated in Biogenic High-Mg Calcite from Hypersaline Microbial Mats

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27 results on '"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology [Hanoi, Vietnam] (NIHE)"'

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