Search

Steatonecroza a glandei mamare este necroza țesutului său adipos, urmată de înlocuirea cu țesutul cicatricial. Lipogranulomul este cunoscut sub numele de proces inflamator benign, necroza grăsimii mamare apare datorită traumatismului mamar iatrogen. Cel mai adesea, necroza grasă se observă la femeile cu sâni mari – la femeile cu sâni mici, se dezvoltă mult mai rar. Este importantă diagnosticarea lipogranuloamelor, deoarece poate imita adesea carcinomul sânului. Necroza grasă la sân este o afecțiune patologică obișnuită, cu o mare varietate de prezentări pe mamografie, ultrasunete și RMN. Incidența necrozei grase a sânului este estimată la 0,6%, reprezentând 2,75% din toate leziunile mamare

The article addresses the issue of training language skills, including multilingual competences in Early School Education. The Common European Space favours the development of multilingualism in children of the youngest age.

The small rodents in various sectors of the municipality of Chisinau are represented by 10 species. In the recreational sectors of the municipality of Chisinau, a rather rich fauna of small rodents was recorded due to the existence of various types of biotopes, including natural and wetland, which denotes the presence of stable communities of rodents, favoring in turn the existence of a series of predatory vertebrates.

Objectives: To report two new variants of ALMS1 gene and to discuss the audiological evolution and clinical phenotype in two pairs of siblings with Alström syndrome. Report: This paper is a multi-disciplinary diagnostic evaluation, with genetic and audiological analysis that aims to report two new variants of the ALMS1 gene and to discuss the audiological evolution and clinical phenotype in a case series of patients with familial Alström syndrome. Therefore, we describe 4 cases presenting a complete audiometric profile of two pairs of unrelated siblings, to provide a better understanding of this very rare disease. Additionally, the present study identified two heterozygous mutations in the ALMS1 gene. Conclusion: This Clinical Capsule Report highlights the importance of audiological monitoring throughout the development of patients with Alström syndrome. The two variants found were not previously reported in the literature, which expands the spectrum of ALMS1 variants in Alström syndrome.

Cassiopea xamachana is a model system for studies in animal symbiosis with algal symbionts. This medusa is also associated with a microbial community that can impact its health, but this community has not been thoroughly studied. Shifts in the bacterial community following the loss of symbionts involving stress, environmental changes, or seasonal fluctuations can be complex, as the role of symbionts in structuring this community is not well established. To understand the interplay among microbial associates with this host, we explored the experimental diminishing of algal symbionts, and the influence of seasonal fluctuations over the structure of the bacterial community, through 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. Results showed that Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Alphaproteobacteria were dominant in all the mucus samples at the beginning of the experiments. However, after 28 days, bleached medusas showed a marked increase in Gammaproteobacteria, specifically in the genus Vibrio, as evidenced by Linear Discriminant Analysis of Effect Size (LEfSe). Seasons also resulted in shifts of the bacterial community, although bacterial genera were distinct from those found in bleached medusas, suggesting temporal associations with the host. According to PERMANOVA analysis, seasonal fluctuations affected the dominant bacterial members (p = 0.07), but symbiont presence was a more significant driver (p=0.001). We found the bacterial community of C. xamachana is like that of other jellyfish and corals, which furthers the interest in this animal as a study model. Defining relevant bacterial genera can help us understand the functional role of the holobiont members that assemble and maintain a healthy microbial community. Also, studies in other regions where C. xamachana distributes can help us define a core bacterial community for this medusa.

Cercetările au fost efectuate în 4 biotopuri antropizate ale localității Bacioi a municipiului Chișinău în anii 2018-2020. În perioada de cercetare au fost semnalate 9 specii. Specia dominantă a fost A. flavicolliscu 30,9%. Pentru cercetările comportamentale au fost alese 3 specii ale genului Apodemus. Perioada de latență indică un comportament mai suspicios la specia A. flavicollis şi o adaptare mai mare la A. uralensis la noul mediu. Comport similar de orientare-cercetare este similar la speciile studiate.

Reef corals in the Mexican Reef System have been severely affected by the emergence of a white syndrome that resembles both White Plague II and SCTLD descriptions. Meandroid scleractinian coral species are among the most severely affected. To gain insight into this affliction we conducted a broad study in the brain coral Pseudodiploria strigosa at a rear reef site in the NE Mexican Caribbean. We describe macro and microscopical signals of the disease, characterize the outbreak dynamics, the tissue histopathology, explore immunological responses in the individuals, and compare microbial assemblages associated with the surface mucus layer of healthy and unhealthy colonies. At the study site, the white syndrome outbreak on P. strigosa showed a high incidence rate in summer-fall and a low one in winter, as well as low survival expectation of diseased colonies at the end of the study. After 306 days of observation, out of 96 tracked colonies, eight remained apparently healthy and seven were diseased. No effective resistance to colony disease progression was observed once white syndrome signs developed. Tissue loss rate during the study varied among colonies (mean = 10.8 cm2, s.d. = 7.8 cm2) suggesting a complex relation between causal agents and colony resistance. The deterioration of tissues was evidenced from the basal to the surface body wall of polyps (up to 66% hypertrophy and liquefactive necrosis in unhealthy colonies), implying that microscopic alterations begin before macroscopic signals develop, suggesting this may be a systemic disease. We measured high levels of phenoloxidase (two orders of magnitude higher PO activity than P. strigosa affected by BBD) and antibacterial activity without significant reduction in unhealthy samples from the mucus layer, indicative of an enhanced immunological response. Results showed that opportunistic bacteria dominated damaged colonies, where six genera of the Bacteroidia class were found with significant changes in unhealthy colonies after DeSeq2 analysis. Nevertheless, histological observations did not support infection of the tissues. The opportunistic overload seems to be contained within the mucus layer but may be associated with the mortality of tissues in a yet unclear way. Future research should focus on experimental infections, the tracking of natural infections, and the immunocompetence of corals in the face of environmental pressures due to local, regional, and global impacts. If environmental deterioration is the primary cause of the continuing emergence and re-emergence of lethal coral diseases, as has been proposed by many authors, the only true option to effectively help preserve the coral reef biodiversity and services, is to restore the environmental quality of reef waters at the local scale and reduce greenhouse gases at the global scale.

El propósito de este artículo es realizar una revisión de la teoría de las representaciones sociales, diversos autores que han desarrollado el tema, su evolución y aplicabilidad en diversas áreas de conocimiento. Se hace un acercamiento a esta teoría a través de una búsqueda bibliográfica en plataformas como WOS (Web of Science) y Scopus, decantando por temas, autores y año de publicación, esto como un intento para ubicar un escenario de difusión para esta teoría. Finalmente, se hacen conclusiones sobre perspectiva general de la revisión y el estado de desarrollo.

Este recunoscut faptul că asupra dezvoltării globale a copiilor un rol esențial are mediul de învățare, care este constituit din mai multe elemente. Unul dintre elementele principale în grădinița de copii sunt panourile educaționale. Acestea trebuie să corespundă anumitor cerințe metodologice: reprezentativitate, accesibilitate, funcționalitate etc. Studiul empiric este realizat pe un eșantion de cca 50 de cadre didactice din instituțiile de educație timpurie din Republica Moldova cu scopul de a determina valoarea formativ-dez­vol­tativă a panourilor educaționale. Partea formativă a cercetării s-a realizat printr-un master-class, unde au fost confecționate panouri educaționale ieftine și funcționale.THE FORMATIVE-DEVELOPER VALUE OF THE EDUCATIONAL PANELS IN THE KINDERGARTENAn essential role in the development of children all over the world is played by the learning environment, which consists of several elements. One of its main parts in the kindergarten is represented by the educa­tio­nal panels, which should respect some methodological requirements, such as: representativeness, accessibility; functionality, etc. The empirical study is realized on a sample of about 50 teachers from the early educational institutions from the Republic of Moldova, in order to determine the formative-developer value of the edu­cational panels. The formative part of the research was realized via a master-class, where there were created inexpensive and functional educational panels.

Inflammatory response in Chagas disease is related to parasite and host factors. However, immune system regulation has not been fully elucidated. Thus, this study is aimed at evaluating IL-4 influence on acute phase of Trypanosoma cruzi experimental infection through dosage of cytokine levels in cardiac homogenate of infected Balb/c WT and Balb/c IL-4−/− as well as its histopathological repercussions. For such purpose, mice were divided into two groups: an infected group with 100 forms of the Colombian strain and an uninfected group. After 21 days of infection, animals were euthanized and the blood, spleen, and heart were collected. The spleen was used to culture splenic cells in 48 h. Subsequently, cytokines TNF-α, IL-12p70, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-17 were measured in the blood, culture supernatant, and heart apex by ELISA. The base of the heart was used for histopathological analysis. From these analysis, infected Balb/c IL-4−/− mice showed milder inflammatory infiltrate compared to Balb/c WT, but without changes in nest density and collagen deposition. IL-4 absence culminated in lower cardiac tissue IFN-γ production, although it did not affect TNF-α expression in situ. It also decreased TNF-α systemic production and increased IL-10, both systemically and in situ. In addition, IL-4 absence did not influence IL-17 expression. Splenocytes of IL-4-deficient mice produced higher amounts of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17 and lower amounts of IL-10. Thus, IL-4 absence in acute phase of experimental infection with T. cruzi Colombian strain reduces myocarditis due to lower IFN-γ production and greater IL-10 production in situ and this pattern is not influenced by splenocyte general repertoire.