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2. Acknowledgement to reviewers of social sciences in 2019

Author

Abbas, A., Abel, G., Abreu, A., Adam, A., Adamek, M., Adiletta, G., Adusei-asante, K.A., Romeo, M.D.M., Alderson, A., Alfaro, E., Aliverti, A., Almeida, Fernando, Álvarez-gonzález, L.I., Amelina, A., Anand, C., Anderson, G., Andreasson, J., Ang, I., Aragon, J., Arcidiacono, C., Arcuri, S., Assante, D., Atukeren, E., Avery, H., Ayeb-karlsson, S., Azadi, H., Bachman, R., Bader, M., Badulescu, A., Bahmanteymouri, E., Baines, S., Baker, T., Baker‐beall, C., Bañón, L., Bar‐am, N., Barbier‐greenland, K., Barnett, R., Barragán‐escandón, A., Barreto, A.M., Barrett, E., Bartkowski, J., Bartram, R., Bartzas, G., Bates, D., Baviera‐puig, A., Bayley, A., Beazley, H., Beer, C., Behr, H., Beier, G., Belford, N., Bencivenga, R., Benli, A.E., Benton‐short, L., Berei, J.M., Berbel‐pineda, E., Bernstein, Berntzen, E.R., Bertella, L., Birney, G., Bittle, M., Black, S., Rivero, L.B., Blattner, J.J., Blok, C., Blount, A., Boas, Y., Bockarie, I., Bockerman, A., Bodén, P., Bönisch‐brednich, L., Bontje, B., Bontje, M., Borsellino, V., Bostan, I., Bowl, M., Bowman, B., Bracci, E., Bracken, C.M., Bradley, H., Brereton, P., Brewer, J., Bridge, D., Brooks, S., Brown, Andrijana, Brzoska, M., Brzozowski, W., Buckley, G., Buente, W., Bullaro, G.R., Burke, M.D., Burlacu, S., Busu, M., Butler, S., Byrne, J., Cabral, L., Cai, Y., Cajias, M., Calin, A.C., Callegari, C., Camarero, M., Campbell-figuerola, H., Campbell, J.R., Cannito, M., Canonico, E., Canosa, A., Carabelli, G., Carlbom, A., Carlone, T., Caron, R., Carpenter, A., Caruso, G., Casais, B., Castro, M.P., Cava, M.-J., Čeněk, J., Cerchione, R., Certomà, C., Chan, E., Charles, D., Charlwood, A., Chatzifotiou, S., Chell, K., Chen, L., Chen, Q., Chen, W.-J., Ching, L., Christensen, J., Ciasullo, M.V., Cimermanová, I., Činčera, J., Cipollina, M., Clutterbuck, R., Cochrane, B., Collin, K., Conley, R., Connell, H., Connelly, J., Connelly, L., Connelly, R., Conti, D., Conversi, D., Conway, G., Cooper, S., Cope, M., Corsini, F., Cristian, P., Crohn, H.M., Croog, R.C., Salazar, T., Csiszár, C., D’auria, I., D’souza, A., D’souza, N., Dabija, D.-C., Dagg, J., Dalby, S., DaleDalsgård, B., Dʹamato, A.L., Daniel, D., Dant, L., Dantas, C., Darwin, H., Dashper, K., David, M.E., De Flippo, D., De, A., Edi, M., Velázquez, E.D.C., Velázquez, F., Del Vecchio, P., Delatolla, A., Delgado, P., Delgado‐romero, E., Delrosso, J., Desimone, J., Detlefsen, L., Devaney, C., Díaz, L.M., Didham, R., Diogo, E., Dirakis, A., Doberneck, D., Doidge, M.D., Molero, G., Dombrowski, P.J., Doñate, C., Đorđević, Martín, Reis, P.G.R., Doucek, P., Dundes, L., Dvouletý, O., Dybo, T., Eastman, J., Eckhardt, J., Economou, A., Edler, D., Edu, U., Ekblom, P.E., Khaled, D., Ellis, C., Elsabry, E., Erceg, A., Erokhin, V., Ertz, M., Everitt, J., Evers, A., Falcone, P.M.F., Cabana, P., Fawcett, B., Fearnley, B., Featherstone, M., Ferreira, M., Ferreira, P., Fetner, T., Fisher, J., Fisher, R., Fitzpatrick, T., Flanagan, C., Fogarty, E.A., Fonchingong, C.C., Fontana, M., Fook, J., Foreman, A.M., Foster‐mcgregor, N., Fox, S., Franco, J.A., Franklin, A.L., Friedrich, T., Fromm, I., Fu, N., Fucà, R., Fukuda, Y., Fusco, G., Gabriela, D., Galan, D., Gamo, A., Galiano, J., Garcia, A., García, M.E.A., García‐germán, S., García‐machado, J.J., García‐ruiz, C.R., Gavini, M., Gazzano, A., Gebhardt, M., Gerson, S., Gherghina, Ş.C., Gibbs, P., Gilhooly, D., Gill, F., Gill, N., Gil‐lopez, A.J., Ginès Fabrellas, A., Giuffrida, N., Giuliani, G., Goddard, J., Godderis, R., Goh, C.S., Gomes, O., Goncharuk, A.G., Canche, M.G., Pérez, I.G., Valero, G., González, R.C.L., Gonzalez‐benson, O., Gonzalez‐feliu, J., González‐lópez, M., Gozdziak, E., Granx, B., Gran, R., Gray, S.L., Grbes, A., Grondys, K., Grugan, S., Guenther, J., Guijarro, F., Gurko, T., Haas, L.L., Hagellx, A., Hagell, H., Hallgrímsdóttir, H., Hamada, T., Hanf, J., Hannouf, M., Hao, F., Harman, G., Harris, K.L., Harris, R., Harrison, N.H., Healy, G., Healy, K., Heikkilä, E., Hellmich, C., Henig, J., Henninger, C.E., Heo, W., Herman, C., Herrero‐diz, P., Heyman, J., Hibbert, N., Hillman, A.L., Hillman, B., Hine, B., Hino, K., Hinten, M., Hipp, L., Hoang, D., Holleran, D., Hollin, I., Holm, M., Holmes, C., Hook, G., Hoornweg, D., Hopper, L., Hossain, M., Hoxhaj, R., Hu, B., Huang, Y., Huarita, E., Hudec, O., Humbert, A.L., Hung, M.-C., Hunt, A., Husu, L., IanoleIbáñez‐gonzález, R., Ibáñez‐gonzález, M.J., Ide, T., Ijaz, Muhammad Fazal, Impicciatore, R., Ingwersen, M., Ioannides, D., Iseppi, L., Islam, M.M., Jaakkola, M., Jagger, S., Jagosh, J., Jenkin, G., Joelsson, T., Johansen, R.E.B., Johnsen, H.C., Garmann Jona, G., Jones, T., Judit, O., Kalalahti, M., Kang, M., Kantamaneni, K., Kaplan, L., Kapsalis, V., Karbowski, A., Katsoni, V., Kavish, D.R., Kawamura, H., Keilman, N.W., Kelly, J., Kenneth, H., Kepaptsoglou, K., Kevin, D., Kewley, S., Kim, J.-C., Kim, K.-Y., Kim, S., Kimengsi, J.N., Klein, J., Kleine, M., Klemes, J.I.R.I., Klepp, S., Klinkenberg, L.E.F., Knight, L., Knowles, J., Koerner, S., Konsolakis, K., Konstantinov, V., Kopkin, N.K., Kordova, S., Kosinski, E., Kostelka, F., Kot, S., Kotter, R., Kramers, A., Krienert, J.L., Kubon, M., Kuffer, M., Kungolos, A., Kuttner, P., Kużelewska, E., Ladd, A.E., Lammi, M., Landrum, J., Lange, B., Languilaire, T.D., Lantz, J.-C., Laudal, B., Laurentsyeva, T., Lavizzari, N., Lavoie, A., Feuvre, J.L., Leakey, N., Lee, R., Lee, A., Lee, E., Lee, J., Lentner, J.-H., Lenz‐taguchi, C., Leong, H., Levac, W.S., Lewin, L., Lewinson, E., Li, T., Li, F., Li, G., Li, M., Liczmańska‐kopcewicz, Y., Lillard, K., Linková, C., Links, M., Lipinski, P., Storto, J.L., Lochtman, C., Lockwood, K., Loh, A., Lomonaco‐benzing, V., Łopaciuk‐gonczaryk, R., López, B., lópez, D., Lorenzini, J., Löther, A., Loughnan, C., Love, T., Lucas, M.L., Ubago, J., Lukić, J., Lumley‐sapanski, A., Macedo, I., Macfarlane, S., Machimbarrena, J.M., Magda, R., Magrane, D., Maier, D., Majić, S., Majumdar, S., Makarovič, M., Malekigorji, M., Mallick, B., Malone, D., Mandić, D., Maniou, T., Mannell, J.M., Barbutiu, S., Marczak, M., Markvica, K.M., Aragón, M.D.M., Martín, J.S.M., Pereira, A., Marzal‐felici, J., Mason, F., Mather, J., Matijosaitiene, I., MatthewsMattisson, R., Mattisson, C., Matuszak, Ł., Matuzeviciute, K., Mauerer, G., Mayer, A., McCaig, C., McClearn, D., McKee, S.C., McKendry, S., McMahon, M., McReynolds, P., Medina‐vicent, M., Medyna, G., Mees, H., Meil, G., Meringolo, P., Miciuła, I., Milczarek‐andrzejewska, D., Miles, P., Milivojević, S., Miller, G., Minello, A., Miron, D., Mironeasa, S., Misra, J., Mitchell, T., Moldovan, O., Molero, P.P., Møllersen, S., Momsen, J.H., Moniz, A.B., Morea, D., Moreau, M.-P., Morgan, D.L., Morgan, H., Moscatelli, S., Mostowska, M., Mousavi, A., Mousavi, S., Mrugalska, B., Muinos, G., Mukungu, K., Mukuni, J., Murakami, D., Muresan, I.C., Murib, Z., Muro, A., Mustafa, G., Nackerud, L., Nalmpantis, D., Napal, M., Närvi, J., Naser, M., Nash, V., Navarre‐jackson, L., Navarro, R., Nazarczuk, D., Neale, J., Necula, J., Němec, S., Neven, D., Nevgi, A., Newbold, A., Newton, G., New, A., Niakšu, O., Niiniluoto, I., Nkogo, J.C., Nobre, S., Nunn, P., Oakes, R., Obrad, C., Oke, A., Okorie, O., Oncioiu, I., Ormsbee, F., Ortega‐sánchez, D., Osgood, J., Osorio, C., Oswald, J., Otis, M.D., Ouassini, A., Oxford, S., Page, T., Paixão, M.J., De Pajares, E.M., Palmesr, E., Palos‐sánchez, P., Pamučar, Dragan, Pan, H., Panek, J., Pankowska, M., Papadakis, S., Papafilippou, V.P., Medina, R., Park, C.S., Partalidou, M., Passantino, A., Passini, S., Paul, S., Pavliuk, R., Pearce, P., Pease, K., Pentaris, P., Perez, V.W., Pérez‐armendáriz, C., Perez‐vaisvidovsky, N., Perez‐y‐perez, M., Perry, N., Prtchu, D., Peterson, D.A.M., Alexandru‐ionut, Petrykowski, Petrykowski, P., Phillips, L., Pickard, S., Pickel, A., Pieke, F., Piekut, A., Pierce, S., Pierrakis, Y., Piguet, E., Pleace, N., Połom, M., Polsa, P., Ponticorvo, M., Pookulangara, S., Pope, J., Popoli, P., Postigo, J.C., Price‐Wolf, J., Prior, S., Privitera, D., Prud’homme, C., Prosser, J., Prus, P., Puiu, S., Purcell, R., Pyrialakou, D., Quam‐wickham, N., Quarmby, T., Quinlan, K.M., Quinn, A., Quinn, R., Raciti, M., Radicić, D., Rahimi, B., Ramlo, S., Randle, H., Ratajczak, M., Raymond, T., Recio‐menéndez, M., Reese, L.A., Regner, T., Reichman, J., WReim, iebke, R., Pastor, A.M., Rexhepi, G., Reyes‐menendez, A., Reynaud, C., Ribeiro‐soriano, D., Ricci, S., Ridaura, G., Rita, C., Roberts, M., Roberts, G., Roberts, K., Rockerbie, D., Rodger, J.A., Rodin, G., Rodrigues, D.R., Martín, J.A., Rodríguez, C.F., Rodriguez‐modroño, P., Romero‐rodríguez, L.M., Rončáková, T., Roper, I., Rorie, M.R., Marzán, C.F., Rose, G., Rose, M., Rosen, R., Roth, R., Roubík, H., Roumpos, C., Rowbottom, D., Roy, J., Ruban, D., Rubira‐garcía, R., Ruiperez‐valiente, J.A., Ruiz, R., Ruiz‐real, J.L., Russell, B., Russo, K., Sabol, W., Safonte, F., Salin, M., Salom‐carrasco, J.S., Sánchez, L.D., Sanghera, Santos, B.S., Silva, D., Sanz, F., Sanz‐altamira, B., Sarapura, S., Sari, D., Satybaldieva, E., Saura, J.R., Sayed, N., Scandurra, C., Schartner, A., Schellekens, J., Schenk‐hoppé, K.R., Scherer, L., Schewe, J.A., Schewe, R., Schiller, N.G., Schmidt, E.-M., Schneickert, C., Schneider, J., Scott, H., Scott, P., Seibel, K., Seidler, R., Seifert, S.S., Puyuelo, M.S., Azevedo, P.S., Lopez, A.E.S., Raamkumar, A.S., Blundo, D., Severo, M., Shakya, K.M., Shapiro, A., Shaw, I.F., Shaw, T.V., Shea, B., Shearer, H., Sheldon, S., Shell‐duncan, B., Shepherd, S., Sheridan, L., Siemienska, R., Sillup, G.P., Simeon, J.C., Simonelli, A., Skilodimou, H.D., Škrinjarić, T., Slater, G., Smardon, R., Smith, J., Smoląg, K., Snauwaert, D.T., Soanes‐white, T., Sobocińska, M., Sohaib, O., Soldatić, K., Sorainen, G.T., Soldatos, A., Sørensen, N.N., Spanu, S., Stadlober, E., Stafford, F., Ștefănescu‐mihăilă, R.O., Stefanini, A., Štefko, R., Steglich, E., Steirer, G., Stephenson, M.O., Stoecker, R., Stoffelen, A., Strang, A., Suppa, D., Sutton, J., Svobodová, L., Swigon, M., Synnott, J., Sytsma, V., Tabe, T., Tajeddini, K., Tang, S., Taylor, B., Taylor, C., Teignier, M., Teixeira, C., Tempelaar, D., Ter Avest, K.H., Ter Horst, E., Testa, M.R., Thakur, N., Thiamwong, L., Thijsen, A., Thomas, B.A., Thompson, C., Thompson, D., Tisdall, K., Toft, Mancini, Torell, A., Toscano‐hernández, G., Tregua, A.E., Triandafyllidou, M., Tseloni, A., Seloni, A., Tsikouras, P., Tsogas, G., Twamley, K., Tyler, D.U., Haque, A., Underwood, M., Urbański, M., Uribe‐toril, J., Vaezipour, A., Van Hove, L.V., Huylenbroeck, G., Van Nuland, S., Vanner, C., Vázquez‐cano, E., Veen, E., Veintimilla, S.G.-A., Veković, M., Velija, P., Venco, E.M., Verticelli, A., Vicente, P.V., Estiarte, C., Višnjić, A., Visvizi, A., Vlasblom, J.D., Volsche, S.V., Fintel, D., Von Keyserlingk, L., Vranješević, J., Walter, K.V., Wandosell, G., Wang, Y., Wasileski, G., Wastl‐walter, D., Weaving, C., Weenik, D., Wehr, K., Wei, X., Wharton, A., White, G., Whitehouse, H., Whitley, C.T., Whitman, L., Wiersma‐mosley, J.D., Wilcke, H., Wilkes, R., Williams, L., Williamson, R.D., Wimalasena, L., Wiseman, A., Wołek, M., Wright, E.Q., Wroblewski, A., Wyile, A.S., Wynn, C., Xu, X., Xue, B., Yang, J., Yoe, T.M., Young, M., Younus, M., Yu, T.-F., Yuan, Q., Zadra, C., Zaharijević, A., Zajda, J., Zander, K., Zbuchea, A., Zelin, A., Zhang, C., Zippel, K., Zitricky, V., Živanović, P., Zou, L., Zufferey, C., Zuhdi, M., Zumeta, W.M., Abbas, A., Abel, G., Abreu, A., Adam, A., Adamek, M., Adiletta, G., Adusei-asante, K.A., Romeo, M.D.M., Alderson, A., Alfaro, E., Aliverti, A., Almeida, Fernando, Álvarez-gonzález, L.I., Amelina, A., Anand, C., Anderson, G., Andreasson, J., Ang, I., Aragon, J., Arcidiacono, C., Arcuri, S., Assante, D., Atukeren, E., Avery, H., Ayeb-karlsson, S., Azadi, H., Bachman, R., Bader, M., Badulescu, A., Bahmanteymouri, E., Baines, S., Baker, T., Baker‐beall, C., Bañón, L., Bar‐am, N., Barbier‐greenland, K., Barnett, R., Barragán‐escandón, A., Barreto, A.M., Barrett, E., Bartkowski, J., Bartram, R., Bartzas, G., Bates, D., Baviera‐puig, A., Bayley, A., Beazley, H., Beer, C., Behr, H., Beier, G., Belford, N., Bencivenga, R., Benli, A.E., Benton‐short, L., Berei, J.M., Berbel‐pineda, E., Bernstein, Berntzen, E.R., Bertella, L., Birney, G., Bittle, M., Black, S., Rivero, L.B., Blattner, J.J., Blok, C., Blount, A., Boas, Y., Bockarie, I., Bockerman, A., Bodén, P., Bönisch‐brednich, L., Bontje, B., Bontje, M., Borsellino, V., Bostan, I., Bowl, M., Bowman, B., Bracci, E., Bracken, C.M., Bradley, H., Brereton, P., Brewer, J., Bridge, D., Brooks, S., Brown, Andrijana, Brzoska, M., Brzozowski, W., Buckley, G., Buente, W., Bullaro, G.R., Burke, M.D., Burlacu, S., Busu, M., Butler, S., Byrne, J., Cabral, L., Cai, Y., Cajias, M., Calin, A.C., Callegari, C., Camarero, M., Campbell-figuerola, H., Campbell, J.R., Cannito, M., Canonico, E., Canosa, A., Carabelli, G., Carlbom, A., Carlone, T., Caron, R., Carpenter, A., Caruso, G., Casais, B., Castro, M.P., Cava, M.-J., Čeněk, J., Cerchione, R., Certomà, C., Chan, E., Charles, D., Charlwood, A., Chatzifotiou, S., Chell, K., Chen, L., Chen, Q., Chen, W.-J., Ching, L., Christensen, J., Ciasullo, M.V., Cimermanová, I., Činčera, J., Cipollina, M., Clutterbuck, R., Cochrane, B., Collin, K., Conley, R., Connell, H., Connelly, J., Connelly, L., Connelly, R., Conti, D., Conversi, D., Conway, G., Cooper, S., Cope, M., Corsini, F., Cristian, P., Crohn, H.M., Croog, R.C., Salazar, T., Csiszár, C., D’auria, I., D’souza, A., D’souza, N., Dabija, D.-C., Dagg, J., Dalby, S., DaleDalsgård, B., Dʹamato, A.L., Daniel, D., Dant, L., Dantas, C., Darwin, H., Dashper, K., David, M.E., De Flippo, D., De, A., Edi, M., Velázquez, E.D.C., Velázquez, F., Del Vecchio, P., Delatolla, A., Delgado, P., Delgado‐romero, E., Delrosso, J., Desimone, J., Detlefsen, L., Devaney, C., Díaz, L.M., Didham, R., Diogo, E., Dirakis, A., Doberneck, D., Doidge, M.D., Molero, G., Dombrowski, P.J., Doñate, C., Đorđević, Martín, Reis, P.G.R., Doucek, P., Dundes, L., Dvouletý, O., Dybo, T., Eastman, J., Eckhardt, J., Economou, A., Edler, D., Edu, U., Ekblom, P.E., Khaled, D., Ellis, C., Elsabry, E., Erceg, A., Erokhin, V., Ertz, M., Everitt, J., Evers, A., Falcone, P.M.F., Cabana, P., Fawcett, B., Fearnley, B., Featherstone, M., Ferreira, M., Ferreira, P., Fetner, T., Fisher, J., Fisher, R., Fitzpatrick, T., Flanagan, C., Fogarty, E.A., Fonchingong, C.C., Fontana, M., Fook, J., Foreman, A.M., Foster‐mcgregor, N., Fox, S., Franco, J.A., Franklin, A.L., Friedrich, T., Fromm, I., Fu, N., Fucà, R., Fukuda, Y., Fusco, G., Gabriela, D., Galan, D., Gamo, A., Galiano, J., Garcia, A., García, M.E.A., García‐germán, S., García‐machado, J.J., García‐ruiz, C.R., Gavini, M., Gazzano, A., Gebhardt, M., Gerson, S., Gherghina, Ş.C., Gibbs, P., Gilhooly, D., Gill, F., Gill, N., Gil‐lopez, A.J., Ginès Fabrellas, A., Giuffrida, N., Giuliani, G., Goddard, J., Godderis, R., Goh, C.S., Gomes, O., Goncharuk, A.G., Canche, M.G., Pérez, I.G., Valero, G., González, R.C.L., Gonzalez‐benson, O., Gonzalez‐feliu, J., González‐lópez, M., Gozdziak, E., Granx, B., Gran, R., Gray, S.L., Grbes, A., Grondys, K., Grugan, S., Guenther, J., Guijarro, F., Gurko, T., Haas, L.L., Hagellx, A., Hagell, H., Hallgrímsdóttir, H., Hamada, T., Hanf, J., Hannouf, M., Hao, F., Harman, G., Harris, K.L., Harris, R., Harrison, N.H., Healy, G., Healy, K., Heikkilä, E., Hellmich, C., Henig, J., Henninger, C.E., Heo, W., Herman, C., Herrero‐diz, P., Heyman, J., Hibbert, N., Hillman, A.L., Hillman, B., Hine, B., Hino, K., Hinten, M., Hipp, L., Hoang, D., Holleran, D., Hollin, I., Holm, M., Holmes, C., Hook, G., Hoornweg, D., Hopper, L., Hossain, M., Hoxhaj, R., Hu, B., Huang, Y., Huarita, E., Hudec, O., Humbert, A.L., Hung, M.-C., Hunt, A., Husu, L., IanoleIbáñez‐gonzález, R., Ibáñez‐gonzález, M.J., Ide, T., Ijaz, Muhammad Fazal, Impicciatore, R., Ingwersen, M., Ioannides, D., Iseppi, L., Islam, M.M., Jaakkola, M., Jagger, S., Jagosh, J., Jenkin, G., Joelsson, T., Johansen, R.E.B., Johnsen, H.C., Garmann Jona, G., Jones, T., Judit, O., Kalalahti, M., Kang, M., Kantamaneni, K., Kaplan, L., Kapsalis, V., Karbowski, A., Katsoni, V., Kavish, D.R., Kawamura, H., Keilman, N.W., Kelly, J., Kenneth, H., Kepaptsoglou, K., Kevin, D., Kewley, S., Kim, J.-C., Kim, K.-Y., Kim, S., Kimengsi, J.N., Klein, J., Kleine, M., Klemes, J.I.R.I., Klepp, S., Klinkenberg, L.E.F., Knight, L., Knowles, J., Koerner, S., Konsolakis, K., Konstantinov, V., Kopkin, N.K., Kordova, S., Kosinski, E., Kostelka, F., Kot, S., Kotter, R., Kramers, A., Krienert, J.L., Kubon, M., Kuffer, M., Kungolos, A., Kuttner, P., Kużelewska, E., Ladd, A.E., Lammi, M., Landrum, J., Lange, B., Languilaire, T.D., Lantz, J.-C., Laudal, B., Laurentsyeva, T., Lavizzari, N., Lavoie, A., Feuvre, J.L., Leakey, N., Lee, R., Lee, A., Lee, E., Lee, J., Lentner, J.-H., Lenz‐taguchi, C., Leong, H., Levac, W.S., Lewin, L., Lewinson, E., Li, T., Li, F., Li, G., Li, M., Liczmańska‐kopcewicz, Y., Lillard, K., Linková, C., Links, M., Lipinski, P., Storto, J.L., Lochtman, C., Lockwood, K., Loh, A., Lomonaco‐benzing, V., Łopaciuk‐gonczaryk, R., López, B., lópez, D., Lorenzini, J., Löther, A., Loughnan, C., Love, T., Lucas, M.L., Ubago, J., Lukić, J., Lumley‐sapanski, A., Macedo, I., Macfarlane, S., Machimbarrena, J.M., Magda, R., Magrane, D., Maier, D., Majić, S., Majumdar, S., Makarovič, M., Malekigorji, M., Mallick, B., Malone, D., Mandić, D., Maniou, T., Mannell, J.M., Barbutiu, S., Marczak, M., Markvica, K.M., Aragón, M.D.M., Martín, J.S.M., Pereira, A., Marzal‐felici, J., Mason, F., Mather, J., Matijosaitiene, I., MatthewsMattisson, R., Mattisson, C., Matuszak, Ł., Matuzeviciute, K., Mauerer, G., Mayer, A., McCaig, C., McClearn, D., McKee, S.C., McKendry, S., McMahon, M., McReynolds, P., Medina‐vicent, M., Medyna, G., Mees, H., Meil, G., Meringolo, P., Miciuła, I., Milczarek‐andrzejewska, D., Miles, P., Milivojević, S., Miller, G., Minello, A., Miron, D., Mironeasa, S., Misra, J., Mitchell, T., Moldovan, O., Molero, P.P., Møllersen, S., Momsen, J.H., Moniz, A.B., Morea, D., Moreau, M.-P., Morgan, D.L., Morgan, H., Moscatelli, S., Mostowska, M., Mousavi, A., Mousavi, S., Mrugalska, B., Muinos, G., Mukungu, K., Mukuni, J., Murakami, D., Muresan, I.C., Murib, Z., Muro, A., Mustafa, G., Nackerud, L., Nalmpantis, D., Napal, M., Närvi, J., Naser, M., Nash, V., Navarre‐jackson, L., Navarro, R., Nazarczuk, D., Neale, J., Necula, J., Němec, S., Neven, D., Nevgi, A., Newbold, A., Newton, G., New, A., Niakšu, O., Niiniluoto, I., Nkogo, J.C., Nobre, S., Nunn, P., Oakes, R., Obrad, C., Oke, A., Okorie, O., Oncioiu, I., Ormsbee, F., Ortega‐sánchez, D., Osgood, J., Osorio, C., Oswald, J., Otis, M.D., Ouassini, A., Oxford, S., Page, T., Paixão, M.J., De Pajares, E.M., Palmesr, E., Palos‐sánchez, P., Pamučar, Dragan, Pan, H., Panek, J., Pankowska, M., Papadakis, S., Papafilippou, V.P., Medina, R., Park, C.S., Partalidou, M., Passantino, A., Passini, S., Paul, S., Pavliuk, R., Pearce, P., Pease, K., Pentaris, P., Perez, V.W., Pérez‐armendáriz, C., Perez‐vaisvidovsky, N., Perez‐y‐perez, M., Perry, N., Prtchu, D., Peterson, D.A.M., Alexandru‐ionut, Petrykowski, Petrykowski, P., Phillips, L., Pickard, S., Pickel, A., Pieke, F., Piekut, A., Pierce, S., Pierrakis, Y., Piguet, E., Pleace, N., Połom, M., Polsa, P., Ponticorvo, M., Pookulangara, S., Pope, J., Popoli, P., Postigo, J.C., Price‐Wolf, J., Prior, S., Privitera, D., Prud’homme, C., Prosser, J., Prus, P., Puiu, S., Purcell, R., Pyrialakou, D., Quam‐wickham, N., Quarmby, T., Quinlan, K.M., Quinn, A., Quinn, R., Raciti, M., Radicić, D., Rahimi, B., Ramlo, S., Randle, H., Ratajczak, M., Raymond, T., Recio‐menéndez, M., Reese, L.A., Regner, T., Reichman, J., WReim, iebke, R., Pastor, A.M., Rexhepi, G., Reyes‐menendez, A., Reynaud, C., Ribeiro‐soriano, D., Ricci, S., Ridaura, G., Rita, C., Roberts, M., Roberts, G., Roberts, K., Rockerbie, D., Rodger, J.A., Rodin, G., Rodrigues, D.R., Martín, J.A., Rodríguez, C.F., Rodriguez‐modroño, P., Romero‐rodríguez, L.M., Rončáková, T., Roper, I., Rorie, M.R., Marzán, C.F., Rose, G., Rose, M., Rosen, R., Roth, R., Roubík, H., Roumpos, C., Rowbottom, D., Roy, J., Ruban, D., Rubira‐garcía, R., Ruiperez‐valiente, J.A., Ruiz, R., Ruiz‐real, J.L., Russell, B., Russo, K., Sabol, W., Safonte, F., Salin, M., Salom‐carrasco, J.S., Sánchez, L.D., Sanghera, Santos, B.S., Silva, D., Sanz, F., Sanz‐altamira, B., Sarapura, S., Sari, D., Satybaldieva, E., Saura, J.R., Sayed, N., Scandurra, C., Schartner, A., Schellekens, J., Schenk‐hoppé, K.R., Scherer, L., Schewe, J.A., Schewe, R., Schiller, N.G., Schmidt, E.-M., Schneickert, C., Schneider, J., Scott, H., Scott, P., Seibel, K., Seidler, R., Seifert, S.S., Puyuelo, M.S., Azevedo, P.S., Lopez, A.E.S., Raamkumar, A.S., Blundo, D., Severo, M., Shakya, K.M., Shapiro, A., Shaw, I.F., Shaw, T.V., Shea, B., Shearer, H., Sheldon, S., Shell‐duncan, B., Shepherd, S., Sheridan, L., Siemienska, R., Sillup, G.P., Simeon, J.C., Simonelli, A., Skilodimou, H.D., Škrinjarić, T., Slater, G., Smardon, R., Smith, J., Smoląg, K., Snauwaert, D.T., Soanes‐white, T., Sobocińska, M., Sohaib, O., Soldatić, K., Sorainen, G.T., Soldatos, A., Sørensen, N.N., Spanu, S., Stadlober, E., Stafford, F., Ștefănescu‐mihăilă, R.O., Stefanini, A., Štefko, R., Steglich, E., Steirer, G., Stephenson, M.O., Stoecker, R., Stoffelen, A., Strang, A., Suppa, D., Sutton, J., Svobodová, L., Swigon, M., Synnott, J., Sytsma, V., Tabe, T., Tajeddini, K., Tang, S., Taylor, B., Taylor, C., Teignier, M., Teixeira, C., Tempelaar, D., Ter Avest, K.H., Ter Horst, E., Testa, M.R., Thakur, N., Thiamwong, L., Thijsen, A., Thomas, B.A., Thompson, C., Thompson, D., Tisdall, K., Toft, Mancini, Torell, A., Toscano‐hernández, G., Tregua, A.E., Triandafyllidou, M., Tseloni, A., Seloni, A., Tsikouras, P., Tsogas, G., Twamley, K., Tyler, D.U., Haque, A., Underwood, M., Urbański, M., Uribe‐toril, J., Vaezipour, A., Van Hove, L.V., Huylenbroeck, G., Van Nuland, S., Vanner, C., Vázquez‐cano, E., Veen, E., Veintimilla, S.G.-A., Veković, M., Velija, P., Venco, E.M., Verticelli, A., Vicente, P.V., Estiarte, C., Višnjić, A., Visvizi, A., Vlasblom, J.D., Volsche, S.V., Fintel, D., Von Keyserlingk, L., Vranješević, J., Walter, K.V., Wandosell, G., Wang, Y., Wasileski, G., Wastl‐walter, D., Weaving, C., Weenik, D., Wehr, K., Wei, X., Wharton, A., White, G., Whitehouse, H., Whitley, C.T., Whitman, L., Wiersma‐mosley, J.D., Wilcke, H., Wilkes, R., Williams, L., Williamson, R.D., Wimalasena, L., Wiseman, A., Wołek, M., Wright, E.Q., Wroblewski, A., Wyile, A.S., Wynn, C., Xu, X., Xue, B., Yang, J., Yoe, T.M., Young, M., Younus, M., Yu, T.-F., Yuan, Q., Zadra, C., Zaharijević, A., Zajda, J., Zander, K., Zbuchea, A., Zelin, A., Zhang, C., Zippel, K., Zitricky, V., Živanović, P., Zou, L., Zufferey, C., Zuhdi, M., and Zumeta, W.M.

Published
2020

3. The Politics of Children’s Internet Use

Author

Nash, V, Dutton, WH, Graham, M, Graham, M, and Dutton, W

Subjects
Politics, Internet use, Political science, Public administration
Abstract

Children’s use of the Internet raises fraught issues, frequently contributing to a media-supported moral panic. Whilst digital technologies offer young people unique opportunities for education, entertainment, and the development of key social, motor, and media-literacy skills, they also pose risks, such as those relating to bullying, adult content, unwanted contact, and a displacement of more meaningful activities, such as reading or physical play. How, or whether, these risks should be minimized is the subject of intense media and policy debate, and often technological solutions are favored over social policies that are messy and uncertain in their effectiveness. Nash sets out the evidence regarding the balance of digital opportunity and risk for young people, and uses this as the context to outline policy measures targeted at them. Her analysis raises questions over whether children’s interests can be well served by policies developed in the context of a risk-focused public debate.

Published
2019

4. Archaeological Building Survey: The Bothy, Worsley Hall Garden Centre, Worsley

Author

Nash, V and Bishop, M

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology was commissioned by Peel Investments (North) Ltd to undertake a Level 2 Building Survey of the Bothy, Worsley Hall Garden Centre, Leigh Road, Worsley, M28 2LJ. The survey work was carried out in July 2011 by Vicky Nash and Brian Grimsditch and conformed to as part of the pre-planning application work as recommended by Planning Policy Statement 5: Planning for the Historic Environment (English Heritage March 2010), paragraphs HE6.1 and HE8.1. the bothy building is Grade II listed, UID 1440260.

Published
2018
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7. The politics of locality

Author

Nash, V and Nash, Victoria Jane

Subjects
Communitarianism, Liberalism
Abstract

This thesis assesses whether communitarian critique can still inform contemporary liberal political theory. The suggestion is that although liberalism has correctly rejected calls for a politics of 'community', it has ignored one important aspect of that critique, namely emphasis on the social embeddedness of the individual. Investigation of this hypothesis proceeds in two stages. The first involves reconsideration of the liberal-communitarian debate in the light of Charles Taylor's distinction between ontological and normative issues. This reveals how the arguments for social embeddedness (or ontological holism) fit in with more traditional appeals to community. Further analysis of the idea of ontological holism emphasises the potentially philosophical or empirical character of holist claims. The second stage of the argument ascertains whether liberal theory should heed communitarianism's recommendation of a more holist approach. Analysis of liberal texts reveals that liberal theorists already do adopt such an approach, however they do so in a piecemeal fashion, and generally without reference to supporting empirical evidence. Given the assumption that liberal theory is not expressly Utopian, some attention to limiting empirical factors would seem to be required. To back up this claim a case-study of liberal tolerance is undertaken, comparing the theoretical and social psychological accounts of inter-group toleration and its development. This comparison reveals that liberal tolerance is too narrow in scope, failing to absorb some of the most virulent forms of inter-group antagonism (such as gender- or race-based antipathy). Further, social psychological study shows that socially intolerant attitudes may be at least as harmful as, political ones, as they undermine the development of self-respect. Overall, important conclusions are reached as to the theoretical changes required of liberalism if it is to adopt a more thoroughly holist approach. Attention to the operation of factors at the localised rather than national level is vital, as is attention to empirical detail. Thus the 'politics of locality' complements traditional focus on the nation-state.

Published
2016

8. Archaeological Evaluation: Dig Greater Manchester: Hulme Barracks, Barracks Park, Hulme, Manchester

Author

Nash, V and Cattell, Sarah

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The site lies 1.70km SW of the modern city centre of Manchester, situated at c. 33m AOD and encompassed the site of Hulme Barracks, which was constructed in 1804 and housed several cavalry and infantry regiments until its closure in 1914. The Manchester Corporation maintained the main building, which changed use over the next century and is now Grade II listed. The archaeological remains of the Stores, Riding School, Terraced Housing abutting the Barracks on the SE side and the Canteen were positively identified in four out of five trenches. The Stables were not positively identified. The main buildings were constructed from brick, with stone surfaces identified in several trenches in variable states of preservation. Later modifications, not visible on the maps, were also identified. Many of the finds were typical for sites of this period, including 19th century ceramics however more unusual finds include several glass Bovril bottles recovered from Trench 1 (Canteen) and a 19th century military token from Trench 2 (Riding School).

Published
2015
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9. Archaeological Evaluation Report Radcliffe Heritage Project - Phase II

Author

Nash, V

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology (CfAA) was commissioned by Bury Council to undertake a second phase of archaeological evaluation at the scheduled site of Radcliffe Tower (SM 27585), Bury, Greater Manchester. The works will form part of the HLF funded Radcliffe Heritage Project and are required to further assess the archaeological remains identified within the previous community excavations of October and November 2013 (Trench 10) in addition to the investigation of a section of the haul road which runs alongside the western elevation of the Tower (Test Pits A and B), see (Figure 21). The Radcliffe Tower Scheduled Area has been subject to previous commercial and community group led intrusive investigation and research. The results of these previous investigations have been published and are publicly available. Radcliffe tower is Grade I listed, UID: 1309271

Published
2014
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10. Archaeological Evaluation Peel Park Conservation Area, Salford

Author

Nash, V and Cattell, Sarah

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology (CfAA) was commissioned by Salford City Council to undertake an archaeological evaluation on the land occupied by Peel Park, Salford, Greater Manchester (centred SJ 82132 99040 ). The purpose of the evaluation was to identify as far as possible the nature, extent and significance of the archaeological resource so as to enable informed recommendations to be made for the future treatment of any surviving remains. This information was required in to inform Salford City Councils Heritage Lottery application for funding to improve Peel Park as part of the Parks for People programme.

Published
2014
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11. Smithfields Phase 6: Archaeological Evaluation of Smithfield Market, Northern Quarter, Manchester

Author

Nash, V, Nevell, Michael D, and Reader, Rachael

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology was commissioned by ICIAN Developments Ltd to carry out an archaeological evaluation at the proposed Smithfield Northern Quarter Phase 6 development (centred on NGR SJ 84485 98746). The work comprised the excavation of three trenches across the site to investigate potential structures highlighted in the archaeological desk-based assessment (Nash and Nevell 2012). The trenching revealed that the site was criss-crossed by drains and services, cut into made ground which varied in depth across site. None of the structures highlighted in the desk-based assessment could be identified with any certainty, although there were hints of earlier activity prior to stripping and levelling during the nineteenth century (Mottershead 2009). The only significant structural remains that survived were the remains of concrete pillars and cast iron column bases, presumably part of the wrought iron and glass roof erected in 1854 (Mottershead 2009, 6) of the Smithfield Market

Published
2013
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12. Archaeological Evaluation: Dig Greater Manchester: Close Park, Radcliffe, Bury

Author

Thompson, A, Nevell, Michael D, Cattell, Sarah, Grimsditch, Brian, and Nash, V

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

This report presents the results of an archaeological evaluation of the Radcliffe Historic Core area, Bury, (centred SD 797 076; GMHER 354.1) in July 2012. This evaluation excavation was undertaken as part of the Dig Greater Manchester community archaeology project funded by the ten councils forming the Association of Greater Manchester Authorities with Blackburn and Darwin. Two sites were investigated in the historic medieval core of the town and these were situated on the former site of 'Radcliffe Close' mansion, within Close Park, and on an area adjacent to the medieval Radcliffe Tower previously occupied by a row of terraced housing on Church Row. The foundations of the southern elevation of Radcliffe Close, a 19th century factory owner's house, were located in Close Park but the rest of the house had been removed during demolition in the 20th century. Significant remains were located associated with the 19th and early 20th century Church Row north of Radcliffe Tower. An earlier building was also discovered beneath the workers' housing, probably associated with the tower complex.

Published
2013
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13. Archaeological Building Survey: The Bothy, Worsley New Hall

Author

Nash, V. and Bishop, M.

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology was commissioned by Peel Investments (North) Ltd to undertake a Level 2 Building Survey of the Bothy, Worsley Hall Garden Centre, Leigh Road, Worsley, M28 2LJ. The survey work was carried out in July 2011 by Vicky Nash and Dr Michael Nevell and conformed to as part of the pre-planning application work as recommended by Planning Policy Statement 5: Planning for the Historic Environment (English Heritage March 2010), paragraphs HE6.1 and HE8.1. The Worsley New Hall Bothy was 'T' shaped in plan and consisted of a late 19th century, square-plan, industrial boiler chimney and a single storey gardeners' dwelling which was substantially extended westwards in the early 20th century through the addition of a two storey dwelling. The 19th century boiler chimney and dwelling appear to have been constructed from yellow sandstone blocks, with the exception of the dwelling's northern elevation which was constructed in machine-made red brick laid in Flemish bond. The earlier dwelling had a gabled roof with a projection and a second gable along its southern elevation which was covered by grey slate with a leaded ridge. In contrast, the later 20th century extension appeared to be constructed entirely in machine-made red bricks laid in English Garden Wall bond and had a half-hipped roof, which was covered in grey slate with grey ridge tiles and wooden barge boards at eaves level along its eastern and western elevations.

Published
2012
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14. Archaeological Building Survey: The Pavilion, Old Trafford Cricket Ground

Author

Nash, V, Nevell, Michael D, and Bishop, M

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology (CfAA) was commissioned by CRE8 Management Ltd to undertake a Level 3 Building Survey of the Pavilion, Old Trafford Cricket Ground, Talbot Road, Trafford, M16 0PX, prior to its redevelopment. The survey work was carried out in January 2012 by Vicky Nash, Matthew Bishop and Dr Michael Nevell and conformed to a brief provided by Dr Andrew Myers, Assistant County Archaeologist for Greater Manchester Archaeological Unit (GMAU).

Published
2012
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16. Archaeological Excavation of Worsley New Hall, Salford, Greater Manchester

Author

Bishop, M, Vallance, C., Thompson, A, Nevell, Michael D, and Nash, V

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology (CfAA) were commissioned by Peel Investments (North) Ltd. to undertake an archaeological evaluation and subsequent excavation on the site of Worsley New Hall, Worsley, Greater Manchester (NGR SD 73950 00581). The work comprised of a full area open excavation which spans the entire footprint of the New Halls east wing. The work was carried out in order to determine the presence, extent, depth, state of preservation and significance of the archaeological resource enabling informed recommendations to be made for the future treatment of any surviving remains. This historic environment work was undertaken as part of a planning application, as recommended by the National Planning Policy Framework - NPPF - (Department for Communities and Local Government, March 2012, paragraphs 188 to 192).

Published
2012
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17. Archaeological Building Survey: The Kitchen Garden, Worsley Hall Garden Centre, Worsley

Author

Nevell, Michael D, Bishop, M, Vallance, C., and Nash, V

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology was commissioned by Peel Investments (North) Ltd to undertake a Level 2 Building Survey of the Kitchen Garden at Worsley Hall Garden Centre, Leigh Road, Worsley, M28 2LJ. The survey work was carried out in July 2011 by Vicky Nash and Dr Michael Nevell and formed part of the pre-planning application work as recommended by Planning Policy Statement 5: Planning for the Historic Environment (English Heritage March 2010), paragraphs HE6.1 and HE8.1.

Published
2012
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18. Archaeological Building Survey: The Garden Cottage, Worsley Hall Garden Centre, Worsley

Author

Bishop, M, Nash, V, and Nevell, Michael D

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology was commissioned by Peel Investments (North) Ltd to undertake a Level 2 Building Survey of the Garden Cottage, Worsley Hall Garden Centre, Leigh Road, Worsley, M28 2LJ. The survey work was carried out in July 2011 by Brian Grimsditch and Vicky Nash as part of the pre-planning application work as recommended by Planning Policy Statement 5: Planning for the Historic Environment (English Heritage March 2010), paragraphs HE6.1 and HE8.1.

Published
2012
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19. St James Buildings, No 68 Quay St, Manchester Level 1 Building Survey

Author

Nevell, M. and Nash, V.

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology (CfAA) were commissioned by Design Venue Limited on behalf of clients to undertake a Level 1 Photographic Building Survey of the cellar at St James Chambers, No. 68 Quay Street, Manchester (SJ 832 980), prior to its conversion into additional office space. The survey work was carried out during January 2011 and conformed to a brief provided by Dr Andrew Myers, Assistant County Archaeologist for Greater Manchester Archaeological Unit

Published
2011
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20. Archaeological Building Survey: The Stables, Worsley Hall Garden Centre, Worsley

Author

Nash, V. and Nevell, M.

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology was commissioned by Peel Investments (North) Ltd to undertake a Level 2 Building Survey of the Stables, Worsley Hall Garden Centre, Leigh Road, Worsley, M28 2LJ. The survey work was carried out in July 2011 by Vicky Nash and Dr Michael Nevell and conformed to Planning Policy Statement 5: Planning for the Historic Environment (English Heritage March 2010), paragraphs HE6.1 and HE8.1. The OS survey of 1896 depicts two rectangular structures, aligned north-south, with a central courtyard to the north of the Garden Cottage

Published
2011
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21. Kitchen Street, Rochdale

Author

Nash, V and Cattell, Sarah

Subjects
Archaeology, Grey Literature
Abstract

The Centre for Applied Archaeology (CfAA) were commissioned by the Regenda Housing Group to undertake an archaeological evaluation and subsequent excavation on the site of a proposed development on the land bounded by Kitchen Street, Ramsey Street and the rear properties facing South Court, Rochdale (SD 9022 1365). In conclusion the works conducted at Kitchen Street have been able to confirm the presence of an Industrial Period tannery on the site as well as add to the limited amount of research conducted on sites of this type. The preservation of the buried remains was exceptional and was able to produce information on the internal layout of a 19th century tannery and its development and decline. As a result these remains can be considered to have regional and national significance especially in view of the lack of corresponding research.

Published
2011
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26. Relationships between psychiatric clinical assessment scores and patients' daily activities.

Author

Cronin J, Nash V, Ray-Mihm R, and Tucker S

Abstract

Background: Because of the increasing demands in the mental health care environment, providers are called upon to demonstrate the efficacy of treatment. Few studies have examined the relationship between symptoms at admission and level of functioning, involvement in treatment, and rehospitalization rates. Objectives: The purposes of this study were to: (a) examine the relationship between symptoms at admission, level of functioning, and exposure to activities for inpatients with depression and anxiety disorders; and (b) examine the association between inpatient exposure to activities and rehospitalization rates. Design: This study was a secondary analysis of a nonprobability convenience sampling of 67 patients, ages 18 to 80 years, who were admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit. The Global Assessment Scale and Beck Depression Inventory were used to assess functioning and symptoms. The Nursing Record of Patient Daily Activities was used to record patient activities. Results: Global Assessment Scores at time of admission were positively related to independent patient activities. Readmitted patients were more likely to have a diagnosis of depression and be taking anxiolytics at the time of admission. Conclusions: More studies are needed to examine the relationship between admission and posthospitalization symptoms, level of functioning in patients, and treatment components to ascertain which aspects of treatment are most effective for patients with specific symptoms, levels of functioning, and diagnoses. Patients' symptoms and level of functioning at the time of admission should help guide the development of appropriate treatment plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001

27. Public Policy in the Platform Society

Author

Nash, V, Bright, J, Margetts, H, and Lehdonvirta, V

Abstract

This editorial introduces the articles in our Special Issue (9:3–4) of Policy & Internet on “The Platform Society,” arising from the journal's IPP2016 conference held at the University of Oxford on September 22–23, 2016. The editorial provides an outline of existing academic research on online platforms; discusses platform labor, platform governance, and platform politics as three key research themes; and discusses the implications for public policy and future research directions.

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28. Properties of Natraqualfs in the Upper Coastal Plain of Mississippi

Author

Pettry, D. E., Brent, F. V., Nash, V. E., and Koos, W. M.

Abstract

Natraqualfs were studied on poorly drained, silty, fluvial terraces in the humid Coastal Plain region of Mississippi. They are underlain by contrasting geologic formations of different ages. The soils have fine‐loamy and fine‐silty textural families. Soil reaction of pedons ranges from extremely acid to strongly alkaline. Acid Natraqualfs are dominant on older geomorphic surfaces, and they are deeper to natric horizons than alkaline pedons. Argillic subhorizons have a SAR > 13 and an exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) > 15 to qualify as natric horizons. Exchangeable Ca + H is greater than Mg + Na in the acid Natraqualfs. Soil extracts have relatively low electrical conductivities and electrolyte concentrations. Sulphate and chloride are the dominant water‐soluble anions. Barite is a common mineral constituent of the natric horizons.

Published
1981
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29. Clay Mineralogy of Some Silty Soils of the Inner Coastal Plains of Mississippi

Author

Nash, V. and Glenn, R.

Abstract

The chemical and mineralogical properties of six soils previously believed to be developed from coastal plain sediments were found to be significantly influenced by thin loess overlays and admixtures. The study included two profiles each of the Atwood, Lucedale and Savannah series. Atwood formed primarily in deep loess over coastal plain sediments, Lucedale showed definite loess influence to a depth of 10 in. and possible mixing to a greater depth, whereas the Savannah indicated the presence of slight loess to a depth of 20 in. Both the Atwood and Lucedale soils are well drained, whereas Savannah is moderately well drained and contains a fragipan. The mineralogy of the coarse clay (2-0·2 µm) appeared to be the most diagnostic feature indicating genetic differences among the soils. Montmorillonite in this clay fraction was most abundant in Atwood, diminished in Lucedale and occurred only in trace amounts in Savannah. In both the Atwood and Lucedale soils very little montmorillonite was found at depths of 35 in. where coastal plain influence apparently predominates. Conversely, aluminous vermiculite-chlorite intergrade minerals were least abundant, in Atwood, increased in Lucedale and occurred in greatest amounts in Savannah. Accompanying these changes in mineralogy were corresponding changes in the chemical properties. Although no consistent differences in Ca and Mg content were found between the Atwood and Lucedale soils, both Atwood and Lucedale were much higher in exchangeable Ca and Mg than Savannah. Soil pH and base saturation increased in the order Savannah, Lucedale and Atwood. Les proprietés chimiques et minéralogiques de six sols dont on pensait autrefois qu’ils s’etaient développés à partir de sédiments de plaines côtiéres sont apparaes comme étant significativement influencées par de fins recouvrements de loess et par des apports divers. L’étude a porté sur deux profils pris chacun dans les séries d’Atwood, Lucedale et Savannah. Atwood s’est formé principalement dans un loess épais sur des sédiments de plaine cotière, Lucedale montre clairement l’influence du loess jusqu’ à une profondeur de 10 pouces et un mélange possible plus profondément, tandis que Savannah indique une légère présence de loess jusqu’à une profondeur de 20 pouces. Atwood et Lucedale sont tous deux des sols bien drainés, tandis que Savannah n’est que modérément bien drainé et contient un fragipan. La minéralogie de l’argile grossiére (2-0,2 µm) apparait comme le meilleur caractère diagnostique dans la différenciation génétique des sols. Dans cette fraction de l’argile, la montmorillonite est très abondante dans Atwood, diminue dans Lucedale et n’existe seulement qu’à l’état de trace dans Savannah. Dans les sols d’Atwood et Lucedale, on trouve très peu de montmorillonite à une profondeur de 35 pouces, là où l’influenee de la plaine côtière prédomine d’une façon apparente. Simultanement, les minéraux intergrades alumineux vermiculite-chlorite sont peu abondants dans Atwood, augmentent dans Lucedale et se rencontrent aux plus fortes teneurs dans Savannah. Parallèlement à ces variations dans la minéralogie on observe des changements correspondants dans les propriétés chimiques. Quoiqu’on n’ait pas trouvé de différences significatives dans les teneurs en calcium et magnésium entre les sols d’Atwood et de Lucedale, Atwood et Lucedale sont tous deux beaucoup plus riches en calcium et magnésium échangeables que Savannah. Le pH et la saturation en base des sols augmentent dans l’ordre Savannah, Lucedale et Atwood. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die chemischen und mineralogischen Eigenschaften von 6 Böden, von denen man früher annahm, daß sie aus Sedimenten der Küstenebene gebildet worden waren, deutlich durch dünne Lößauflagen und Beimengungen beeinflußt sind. Die Studie schließt je zwei Profile der Atwood-, Lucedale- und Savannah-Serieein. Atwood wurde vorwiegend in mächtigem Lößüber Küstenebenen-Sedimenten gebildet, Lucedale zeigte deutlichen Lößeinfluß bis zu einer Tiefe von 25 cm und mögliche Beimischungen bis zu größerer Tiefe, während Savannah das Vorliegen von wenig Löß bis zu einer Tiefe von 50 cm erkennen ließ. Sowohl die Atwood- als auch die Lucedaleböden sind gut wasserdurchlässig, wahrend Savannah mäßige Durchlässigkeit und einen tonigen Verdichtungshorizont besitzt. Die mineralogische Zusammensetzung des Grobtons (2–0,2 µm) scheint das wichtigste diagnostische Merkmal für den Nachweis einer genetischen Differenzierung zwischen den Böden zu sein. Montmorillonit war in dieser Tonfraktion am reichlichsten in Atwood, vermindert in Lucedale und nur in Spuren in Savannah enthalten. In den Atwood- und Lucedaleböden wurde sehr wenig Montmorillonit in Tiefen von 90 cm gefunden, wo der Einfluß der Sedimente der Küstenebene offenbar vorherrscht. Im Gegensatz hierzu waren aluminiumhaltige Vermiculit-Chlorit-Übergangsminerale am wenigsten häufig in Atwood, zunehmend in Lucedale und in größten Mengen in Savannah vertreten. Diese Veränderungen in der mineralogischen Zusammensetzung waren von entsprechenden Veränderungen in den chemischen Eigenschaften begleitet. Obwohl keine konsistenten Unterschiede im Calcium- und Magnesiumgehalt zwischen Atwood- und Lucedaleböden gefunden wurden, enthielten sowohl Atwood als auch Lucedale viel mehr anstauschbares Calcium und Magnesium als Savannah. pH-Werte und Basensättigung der Böden stiegen in der Reihenfolge Savannah, Lucedale und Atwood an. ?????, ??? ?? ?????????? ? ???????????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????, ??????? ????? ?????????????? ???????????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?? ???????, ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????. ????????????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????, ???????????? ? ???????? ????. ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??????, ???????????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? 10 ?????? ?, ????????, ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????, ? ?? ????? ??? ? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? 20 ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????. ????????? ? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???????????, ? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ? ??? ???????? ?????????. ??????????? ???????????????? ????? (2-0,2 µM) ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ? ??? ??????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ????. ?????? ????? ??????????????? ????? ? ????????? ??????? ?????, ????? ? ????????????, ? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???. ? ????????? ? ???????????? ?????? ?? ??????? 35 ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???????????????, ?????, ????????, ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????. ? ????????, ? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????????, ????????????-????????? ?????????, ??????? ?????? ? ???????????? ? ????? ??????? ?????????? ? ????? ???????. ??? ???????????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????, ????, ? ????????? ? ???????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????, ?? ??? ???? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ? ?????? ? ??? ???? ????, ??? ? ????? ???????.

Published
1973
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30. MINERALOGY AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TWO ULTISOLS FORMED IN GLAUCONITIC SEDIMENTS1

Author

NASH, V. E., PETTRY, D. E., and SUDIN, MOHD NOOR

Abstract

We examined two Ultisols formed from glauconitic sediments of Eocene age for chemical, physical, and mineralogical characteristics. The parent glauconitic sediments have been subjected to intense weathering that has resulted in the release of large quantities of iron and the alteration of glauconite sequentially to vermiculite → smectite → hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite. These soils exhibited high capacities to adsorb K and P. Most of the naturally occurring K was adsorbed on high-energy-specific adsorption sites. Fertilizer K would be expected to be strongly retained by the clay minerals in these soils. Phosphorus adsorption was proportional to the clay and iron oxide content, exchangeable Al3, and surface area. Adsorbed P was not easily removed by extraction with dilute CaCl2, indicating that it was not readily utilized by plants.

Published
1988

32. Noncrystalline Clay Distribution in the Major Land Resource Areas of Mississippi

Author

Nash, V. E., Pettry, D. E., and Aide, M. T.

Abstract

Selected horizons from 45 Mississippi soils have been examined for noncrystalline clay content as determined by 0.5MNaOH and 0.2Mammonium oxalate (pH 3). The soils represent the major soil resource areas of the state. Parent material varied in age from Cretaceous to Holocene. Only small amounts of amorphous clay were extracted from the weakly developed Inceptisols and Entisols, from calcareous soils of the Blacklands and from the alkaline Natraqualfs of the Coastal Plains. Under these nonacid conditions crystalline clay minerals are the more stable phase. The strongly developed Ultisols released large amounts of noncrystalline material with a low silica/alumina molar ratio. The low molar ratio is indicative of gibbsite; however, the large quantity of silica extracted suggests that silica may be adsorbed on the crystalline minerals. When only soils high in smectite are considered, the following trends in noncrystalline clay formation were observed. The silica/alumina ratio increases with smectite content. The quantity of noncrystalline clay increases with increased soil acidity. The poorly drained soils contain less amorphous clay indicating that smectite is the more stable mineral in this environment. Extraction of the clays with acid ammonium oxalate resulted in an average increase in cation exchange capacity of 14 cmol (½ Ca2+) kg−1due to the removal of surface coatings blocking exchange sites.

Published
1983
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33. Mineralogy of Soils Developed on Pliocene‐Pleistocene Terraces of the Tombigbee River in Mississippi

Author

Nash, V. E.

Abstract

The clay minerology of four soil pedons formed on Pliocene‐Pleistocene terraces was investigated. These pedons are in the Typic Hapludult, Typic Fragiudult, Aquic Fragiudult, Typic Ochraqualf subgroups and vary, respectively, in drainage from well drained to poorly drained. Smectite was the major mineral in all of the clay fractions with the maximum quantity usually coinciding with the zone of maximum clay accumulation. Hydroxy Al‐interlayered 2:1 clay was generally confined to the upper horizons of these soils. In the deeper horizons, particularly for the poorly drained Aquic Fragiudult and Typic Ochraqualf, the polymeric Al interlayers were replaced by Al(H2O)63+. These soils are all very acid and in the deeper horizons, which are continuously wet, Al‐polymers do not form. In cases where hydroxy Al‐interlayered minerals were deposited by sedimentation the Al‐polymers have been removed. Evidence is presented for a low charge smectite (montmorillonite) and a high charge smectite (beidellite) in these soils. In the surface horizons beidellite is the dominant species with Al‐interlayers, however in the deeper zones both types of smectite are found.

Published
1979
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34. Relationships Among Electrochemical Properties, Type of Colloid and Adsorbed Cations of Soil and Mineral Colloidal Suspensions

Author

Rhoads, F. M. and Nash, V. E.

Abstract

Potentiometric cation activities, electrophoretic mobilities and specific conductance at variable frequencies were determined on suspensions of five reference clay minerals and five soil clays. The objectives of this work are: (i) to determine the relationship between clay mineralogy and specific conductance with a variable frequency power source, (ii) to determine the interrelationship among the various electrochemical measurements, and (iii) to study the effect of different exchangeable cations on the electrochemical properties. Montmorillonitic minerals with a charge deficiency in the octahedral layer showed the greatest change in specific conductance with increasing frequency. Vermiculite, on the other hand, showed less evidence of a change in conductance with frequency; illite showed no change. This was taken to indicate that a greater proportion of the exchangeable cations on montmorillonite was in the Stern layer whereas the cations on the higher surface charge density clays were distributed between the Gouy and the chemisorbed layer. A Stern layer on the montmorillonite minerals developed to a greater extent for monovalent cations than divalent. The divalent cations were apparently located between the unit layers of the mineral and did not conduct electric current even at high frequencies.

Published
1967
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35. Role of Exchangeable Cations in Viscosity of Clay Suspensions

Author

Nash, V.

Abstract

A study was made of the changes in viscosity of Wyoming bentonite suspensions with variations in cation ionization, base saturation, clay concentration, sodium chloride concentration and type of exchangeable cation. There is little change in the viscosity with decreasing cation ionization until a certain threshold value is reached. Below this value the viscosity increases rapidly, indicating that the repulsive potential barrier has been reduced to the order of the kinetic energy of the particles. Unfortunately, a quantitative estimate of the ionization was not possible at this value because of the high salt content of the system. Exchangeable aluminum was found to act as a strong bonding agent between clay particles in the pH range 4.50–5.50. This was explained on the basis of the formation of multivalent, aluminum-hydroxyl complex ions.

Published
1958
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37. Weathering Relationships Between Gibbsite, Kaolinite, Chlorite, and Expansible Layer Silicates in Selected Soils from the Lower Mississippi Coastal Plain

Author

Glenn, R. and Nash, V.

Abstract

Clays from two Reddish-Brown Lateritic soils from the southern Mississippi Coastal Plain were fractionated and the mineral associations and weathering transformations were examined. The clays were found to be dominated by well-chloritized expansible layer silicates, gibbsite and kaolinite, with smaller amounts of quartz, mica and anatase. The abundance of gibbsite appeared to be related to the presence of expansible layer silicates and to soil pH variations. This mineral and kaolinite were found in appreciable amounts in even the finest clay fractions. Quartz and mica decreased to insignificant amounts with soil depth and decreasing particle size whereas gibbsite content of the clays rose suggesting an interrrelationship between these minerals.

Published
1963
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38. Chemical and Mineralogical Properties of an Orangeburg Profile

Author

Nash, V. E.

Abstract

The Orangeburg soil used in this study was formed from unconsolidated sand of the Kosciusko formation. Weathering of this profile has been intense due to the porous nature of the sand and warm, humid climatic conditions. Methods used in this study consisted of X‐ray diffraction, DTA, an alkali differential dissolution technique for amorphous constituents, heavy mineral analysis of sand, total elemental analysis of the clay fractions, and surface area measurements. Minerals present in clay fractions are kaolinite, amorphous material, mica, a 14Å. montmorillonite‐vermiculite‐chlorite intergrade and quartz, in approximate order of abundance. Kaolinite and amorphous material increases whereas quartz decreases with profile depth in the coarse clay fraction. According to Jackson's weathering sequence this would place the lower horizons in a higher weathering stage than the surface horizon. The evidence gained in this study suggests that coarse quartz particles are being broken down to smaller particles resulting in this apparently anomalous sequence. The 14Å. intergrade mineral is more prevalent and stable in the surface horizons and apparently forms from montmorillonite.

Published
1963
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39. Cationic Reactions of Feldspar Surfaces

Author

Nash, V. E. and Marshall, C. E.

Abstract

The reactivity of finely divided feldspar particles in the presence of neutral salt and acidic solutions was studied. In the case of albite, evidence on surface stability in presence of dilute salts near neutrality is given. Microcline, albite, oligoclase, andesine, labradorite, by‐townite and anorthite were converted to surface homionic systems in two ways and the bonding energies of the cations were determined. Large variations with lattice composition were found. Experiments on the entry and release of cations (Na, K, Ca, NH4, Mg, and Sr) showed the apparent exchange capacity of the surface layer was a sensitive function of the ions concerned. At least two types of cationic bonding were indicated. The ammonium ion was found to be an extremely effective displacer, and after entry a large proportion of it was found to be fixed with a high bonding energy. It is concluded that under the conditions of these experiments, any poorly organized surface layer must be thin, that is not more than a very few unit cells in depth.

Published
1957
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41. Spasmolytic Activity of Diethylaminoethyl Esters of Substituted α-Thienylacetic and α-Thienylglycolic Acids

Author

Lands, A. M. and Nash, V. Loraine

Abstract

The β3-diethylaminoethyl esters of some substituted α-thienylaeetic and α-thienylglycolic acids have been investigated in the experimental animal and found to possess important antispasmodic properties.The α-thienylglycolic acid esters are significantly more active than the former but also have greater effect on other cholinergically controlled structures, thus resembling atropine more than do the acetates. The antispasmodic activity of the cyelohexyl-α-thienylglycolate (No. 623) is comparable to that of atropine; the phenyl-α-thienylacetate (No. 606) appears to be somewhat more effective than β-diethylaminoethyl diphenyl acetate and equal to diethylaminoethyl fluorene-9-carboxylate. Compound No. 606 is relatively free from undesirable actions on other autonomic organs. Except for the phenyl-α-thienylglycolate (No. 600), toxicity of these substances is not unfavorable.

Published
1944
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46. Changes in plasma and muscle creatine concentration after increases in supplementary dietary creatine in dogs.

Author

Lowe, John A, Murphy, Martin, Nash, Victoria, Lowe, J A, Murphy, M, and Nash, V

Abstract

Creatine (Cr) is an important component of the energy delivery process in tissues with a high and/or fluctuating energy demand. In the phosphorylated form, phosphocreatine (PCr) is directly involved in maintaining low adenosine diphosphate concentrations at the sites of energy utilization. Consequently, the maintenance of an adequate supply of PCr at the contractile site of the muscle is important for the perpetuation of muscle performance during intense exercise and exertion. In normally active animals and humans, a sufficient supply of PCr is considered to be synthesized from the amino acids arginine and glycine (Harris and Lowe 1995). It has been observed in humans, however, that supplementary dietary Cr can, over time, increase the normal muscle content of 100– 130 mmol/kg dry weight by between 2 and 40 mmol/kg (Harris et al. 1992). Dietary Cr supplementation has been shown to have a positive effect on short-lasting maximal exercise performance and sustained intense exercise with reduced metabolic effort (Balsom et al. 1993, Greenhaff et al. 1993, Harris et al. 1993); therefore, such Cr loading might be considered beneficial to the working and/or sporting dog. In the wild, the intake of Cr by the dog from freshly killed prey can be regular and substantial, 1.23–3.0 mmol/(kg body weight • d) (Rohrs 1987). However, a recent review of the dietary intake of Cr in the domestic dog indicated that dietary supply may be limited (Harris et al. 1997). Although this should not be regarded as a deficiency of the diet, it is certainly possible that an increase in supply may influence performance as with human athletes. A recent study in humans showed that long-term, low dose supplementation of the diet with Cr was ultimately as effective in raising muscle Cr concentration as a short-term, high dose supplementation (Hultman et al. 1996). In dogs, it has been shown that Cr is equally well absorbed into the plasma from either fresh meat or synthetic Cr (Harris and Lowe 1995). It remains unknown, however, which of the feeding regimens is the most appropriate to maximize muscle Cr concentration in dogs. A preliminary study was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of increasing dietary supplemental Cr on muscle and plasma Cr concentrations in dogs before a further more detailed study of the accumulation of muscle Cr over time. Materials and methods. Twelve adult Beagle dogs (13.7 kg, SD 2.59) were housed in 2.4 m2 (1.7 m × 1.4 m) concrete block pens with an open-mesh steel gate to the front allowing them visual access to kennel-mates and the central walkway/ exercise area. Bedding was provided in the form of soft-wood shavings. The kennel building was heated and ventilated to maintain a temperature between 16 and 24°, 30–70 % relative humidity with 12 h of light in a 24-h period. All dogs were monitored throughout the day and pens cleaned once daily. The study protocols were appropriately approved and the animals maintained under the care of a veterinary surgeon for the duration of the study in compliance with the 1986 EC directive (86/609/EEC) regarding the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes. All dogs had been fed a basal diet (Lowe et al. 1994), which contained 0.156 mmol Cr/kg diet for at least 2 mo. The dogs were then randomly allocated to four treatment groups (n = 3 per group) and the diet supplemented with dry crystalline creatine monohydrate to provide the equivalent of 0.38, 0.76, 1.53 or 3.05 mmol Cr/kg body weight daily for 28 d. Muscle biopsy samples were taken under anesthesia from the biceps femoris muscle of each dog using a percutaneous needle biopsy technique on d 0 (the day preceding Cr supplementation), 14 and 28; samples were frozen immediately. Subsequently, the samples were freeze-dried, dissected from visible connective tissue, powdered and analyzed for Cr, creatinine (Cn) and PCr, using reverse-phase ion-pairing high performance liquid chromatography (Dunnett et al. 1991). Blood samples were taken immediately before feeding and then at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h after feeding on d 0, 14 and 28. All samples were immediately centrifuged and the plasma separated and frozen for subsequent Cr and Cn analysis. Plasma Cr and Cn were analyzed by ANOVA using the area under the plasma curve for 5 h after feeding (AUC5) within each collection day. With the use of ANOVA, muscle Cr concentration was examined by regression on Cr intake within a sample day. It is acknowledged that simple ANOVA between the two chosen time points is inappropriate; therefore, changes in muscle Cr concentration over time within the experiment were examined by a regression model. Results. Significant differences were observed in the AUC5 for plasma Cr on d 14 (P = 0.009) and on d 28 (P = 0.005) (Table 1). The 1.53 and 3.05 mmol/kg treatments substantially increased the AUC5 and peak plasma values for Cr. The profiles for plasma Cr were similar in shape for both d 14 and 28. Curves for the pooled data are shown for illustration in Figure 1. The plasma Cn profile for each treatment closely followed the plasma Cr profile with no apparent time lag. Although the plasma Cn profile was similar in shape, there was greater variability in value. There was a correlation between the AUC5 for plasma Cn and the AUC5 of Cr, which could be explained by the following equation: Plasma Cn = [0.32(SEM = 0.096) 3 Plasma Cr] - 21.1 (SEM = 47.32) R = 0.81 The concentrations of the individual components, Cr, PCr and Cn found in the muscle samples were different from that expected to be found in vivo. In all probability, this is due to the likely hydrolysis of PCr during sample collection and preparation. The data were therefore analyzed on the basis of the total PCr + Cr + Cn, termed TCr, in the muscle sample. The TCr found in the muscles of supplemented dogs was within the range found in the muscles of Cr-supplemented humans. Variation in sample adenosine triphosphate (mean 23.9 ± 0.45 mmol/kg) indicated that the samples were consistent in their muscle content and did not account for any differences seen in TCr among dogs. Numerical increases, on the order of 8–32 mmol/kg in muscle TCr were observed within individual dogs from d 0 to 14. Further increases on d 28 were not observed, and no consistent effect over time for any treatment could be established. The mean values for each day and treatment are shown in Table 2. Large between-animal variation was observed both pre- and post-treatment, which, together with the small sample size, accounted for the overall large P-values reported for the treatment effects. Dogs with low initial muscle TCr increased their muscle TCr concentration more than those with higher initial muscle TCr concentrations. Within a given day, there were between-treatment differences, with the 3.05 mmol/kg treatment producing consistently lower muscle Cr values. Elimination of the dogs (n = 3) with high (>140 mmol/kg) initial muscle TCr concentrations from the data resulted in a more dramatic treatment effect by reducing the mean and the variability (SEM) of the TCr in the control dogs from 128.6 6 17.19 to 111.7 6 5.2. This resulted in a more definite effect of Cr intake on muscle Cr concentration, (Table 3). The observed increase, similar to that in humans (Hultman et al. 1996), is likely to be sufficient to account for the improvement in lactate threshold observed in dogs fed dietary supplemental Cr (Lowe, unpublished observations). Discussion. The data indicate that there may be large differences in muscle TCr concentration in dogs despite a constant dietary supply. The effect of feeding dietary supplemental Cr over a 4-wk period is to increase the muscle TCr of those dogs with low (<140 mmol/kg) initial TCr while having a negligible effect on those dogs with higher initial TCr values. Within the confines of the number of animals used, the data appear to suggest that any increase in muscle TCr concentration is maximized within 14 d and that this effect is achieved, in this study, by supplementing the diet with as little as 0.38 mmol Cr/kg body weight. This is consistent with recent data reported for humans (Hultman et al. 1996). There appears to be little benefit from feeding larger amounts of supplemental dietary Cr in terms of further increasing muscle TCr concentration after 14 d. However, on the basis of the data reported by Hultman et al. (1996) for humans, the feeding of supplementary Cr in excess of 0.38 mmol/kg may result in consistently higher muscle TCr concentration being attained sooner than 14 d after the start of the feeding regimen. The plasma Cn content, by d 28, increased in relation to the amount of supplementary dietary Cr fed and as a proportion (0.39 ± 0.015) of plasma Cr. This increase in plasma Cn observed with increases in supplementary dietary Cr will result in increases in urinary Cn excretion in dogs supplemented with dietary Cr. The results of this preliminary study indicate that further studies are required to expand our knowledge of Cr metabolism in the dog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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