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Channels filled with coarse‐grained sands are one of the hot issues in stratigraphic explorations. However, the sub‐surface uncertainty restricts the prediction of porous channel sandstones using the conventional seismic attributes, which is a concern for the demarcation of stratigraphic plays. The amplitude‐based frequency attributes and seismic‐petrophysical simulation tools were applied to characterize the fluvial channel system from the Indus Basin, Pakistan. The conventional amplitude of the Basal Sand Formation shows limited imaging ability to detect the dimensions of channel‐levee and point bars. The continuous wavelet transforms (CWT) tool distinguishes the whole channel‐levee reservoir system at tuning frequencies of 21, 25, 29, and 34 Hz. The amplitudes extracted along the pseudo‐porosity wells depict the low‐density and low‐velocity profiles within the gas‐bearing zones. The zone between 20% and 30% porosity displays low‐density and low‐velocity compartments within the point bars. Hence, it implicates the zone of deposition for hydrocarbon‐bearing fluvial facies. Based on the porosity constraint, the gas‐bearing fluvial reservoirs have high (>25%) porosity, which implicates the development of aggradational parasequences. The oil‐dominated sandstone facies experience relatively low‐porosity of <12% and negligibly high density and high velocity, which implicates the development of transgressive parasequences. The reservoir system shows an eastward shale‐out zone, where the high‐density and high‐velocity shales mask the channel‐levee systems. Consequently, these stratigraphic configurations are developing into a cost‐effective stratigraphic trap, and hence, this exploration scheme serves as an analogue for global fluvial depositional systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep‐water clastic settings frame major stratigraphic plays the world over. The advanced seismic interpretation tools provide prediction of accurate physical characteristics of undiscovered reservoirs, including their lithology, thickness, and porosity. The designed amplitude spectrum (DAS)‐based processing tool on Full spectrum seismic may yield a remarkable stratigraphy. This study deals with the prediction of thick and porous (possibly gas‐rich) litho‐facies using the DAS tool on high‐resolution seismal profiles within the offshore Indus Basin (OIB), SW Pakistan. The seismic and trace envelope magnitudes bound the demarcation of stratigraphic traps. The DAS processing tool on relative acoustic impedance inversion (RAI) magnitude demarcates the aggradational porous sandstone‐filled reservoirs, which are encased within a transgressive non‐porous shale‐filled channel‐levee system. The thickness predicted by band‐limited seismic acoustic impedance (AI) simulation for channels, point bars, and levees is 28, 27, and 24 m, respectively. The DAS‐based RAI processing on AI reservoir simulation accurately resolves the lenses of channel sandstone, point bars and levees, and confirms the channelized basin floor fans (BFFs) with an average 11, 34, 24, and 52 m thickness and a lateral extent between 10 and 25 km. The western zones have implications for basin development, which have accumulated the porous and thickest reservoir facies inside the aggradational parasequences of BFFs of Miocene sedimentary sequences. Hence, the presented scheme of exploration serves as a comparable example for exploring the hydrocarbon‐bearing plays inside OIB and global deep‐water depositional systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the level of quality of life (QOL) in patients suffering from various cardiac, cancer, hepatic, and dermatological diseases., Method: A total of 339 patients of cardiac, cancer, hepatic, and dermatological diseases from DHQ/Allied hospitals of Faisalabad participated in this study through purposive convenient sampling technique. Quality of life was measured by WHO QOL-BREF (Validated Urdu Version) while demographic variables were recorded on a demographic sheet. The results were obtained by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) on SPSS 13., Results: Out of 339, 156 (46%) patients were males while 183 (54%) patients were females. Of the total, 99 (29.2%) belonged to the lower socio economic status, 113 (33.3%) belonged to the lower middle, 62 (18.3%) belonged to the middle, and 65 (19.2%) belonged to the upper middle socio economic status. In terms of education, 49 (14.5%) were illiterate, 110 (32.3%) had primary level education, 118 (34.8%) had middle level education, 21 (6.2%) had done matriculation, 17 (5%) had intermediate, 14 (4.1%) were graduates, 8 (2.4%) had done masters. Of the whole lot, only 2 (0.6%) patients were professionals. Results showed that the quality of life was most deteriorated in the domain of physical health; while psychological health was the second most deteriorated domain. Social relationship was the least affected domain, while environment was the second least affected area. Quality of life of hepatic patients was significantly lower than dermatological patients with respect to physical health and environment, lower than cancer patients in relation to psychological health, and lower than cardiac patients in the social relationship domain. The quality of life of cardiac patients was noted to be significantly higher than the other three categories in the domains of psychological health and environment., Conclusion: In the face of the evidence of high deterioration in the quality of life of the patients in terms of physical and psychological health, medical units should be better equipped with facilities to enhance a sense of betterment in patients. The treating doctors should be better trained to give due consideration to this important aspect of management. Moreover, the role of liaison psychiatry should also be incorporated.