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O biocarvão é o produto sólido obtido através da pirólise de materiais orgânicos com a finalidade de aplicação ao solo. Os objetivos desse trabalho foram: i) desenvolver um reator de pirólise de baixo custo; ii) avaliar a eficiência do reator na pirólise de diferentes tipos de biomassa e; iii) caracterizar os atributos químicos, físicos e físico-químicos dos biocarvões. Os biocarvões foram produzidos a partir de resíduos da arborização urbana (limoeiro e figueira), bagaço de uva e casca de arroz, em pirolisador com capacidade de 9,42 dm3. Foram utilizadas duas temperaturas de pirólise (400 e 550 oC) durante o período de três horas. Os materiais foram caracterizados em relação aos seguintes atributos: i) teor de C e N; ii) composição química por FTIR; iii) pH (H2O e KCl); iii) área superficial específica; iv) condutividade elétrica; v) capacidade de retenção de água e; vi) teores totais de Ca+2, Mg+2, K+, Al+3, Fe+3, Mn+4 e P. Os dados foram descritos estatisticamente e submetidos à Análise de Componentes Principais. A pirólise aumentou a aromaticidade dos materiais, resultando em produtos potencialmente mais recalcitrantes e reativos do que as biomassas originais. As diferenças na dinâmica de transformação do material são dependentes da temperatura de pirólise, sendo que para o bagaço de uva e casca de arroz a alteração estrutural e elementar foi mais sensível à variável temperatura do que para os resíduos de limoeiro e figueira. Os biocarvões produzidos em temperatura de 550 oC apresentaram maior aromaticidade e teor nutricional do que os materiais produzidos em 400 oC. Made available in DSpace on 2022-03-07T18:00:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Artigo-Revista-Brasileira-de-Meio-Ambiente-Hank-et-al-2022.pdf: 777532 bytes, checksum: 3be8ea346e538a72b091adb65766f79e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022

Glanders is an infectious zoonosis caused by Burkholderia (B.) mallei that mainly affects equids. The objective of this work was to provide additional knowledge on the diversity of the strains circulating in Brazil. Six Burkholderia mallei isolates obtained during necropsies of glanderous horses between 2014 and 2017 in two different states (Pernambuco and Alagoas) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction?high-resolution melting (PCRHRM). While four strains (9902 RSC, BM_campo 1, BM_campo 3 and UFAL2) clustered in the L3B2 branch, which already includes the Brazilian 16-2438_BM#8 strain, two strains (BM_campo 2.1 and BM_campo 2.2) clustered within the L3B3sB3 branch, which mostly includes older isolates, from Europe and the Middle East. Whole genome sequencing of two of these strains (UFAL2 and BM_campo 2.1), belonging to different branches, confirmed the HRM typing results and refined the links between the strains, including the description of the L3B3Sb3Gp1SbGp1 genotype, never reported so far for contemporary strains. These results suggest different glanders introduction events in Brazil, including a potential link with strains of European origin, related to colonization or trade. Made available in DSpace on 2022-03-23T07:08:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2022-Genoma-Burkholkderia-mallei.pdf: 970863 bytes, checksum: d4cc1ef661f091d8dce8e161074e59bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022

Biosensors are small devices that use biological reactions to detect target analytes. Such devices combine a biological component with a physical transducer, which converts bio-recognition processes into measurable signals. Its use brings a number of advantages, as they are highly sensitive and selective, relatively easy in terms of development, as well as accessible and ready to use. Biosensors can be of direct detection, using a non-catalytic ligand, such as cell receptors and antibodies, or indirect detection, in which there is the use of fluorescently marked antibodies or catalytic elements, such as enzymes. They also appear as bio-affinity devices, depending only on the selective binding of the target analyte to the ligative attached to the surface (e.g., oligonucleotide probe). The objectives were to evaluate the levels of genetic diversity existing in fragments of the TP53 gene deposited in molecular databases and to study its viability as a biosensor in the detection of breast cancer. The methodology used was to recover and analyze 301 sequences of a fragment of the TP53 gene of humans from GENBANK, which, after being aligned with the MEGA software version 6.06, were tested for the phylogenetic signal using TREE-PUZZLE 5.2. Trees of maximum likelihood were generated through PAUP version 4.0b10 and the consistency of the branches was verified with the bootstrap test with 1000 pseudo-replications. After aligning, 783 of the 791 sites remained conserved. The maximum likelihood had a slight manifestation since the gamma distribution used 05 categories + G for the evolutionary rates between sites with (0.90 0.96, 1.00, 1.04 and 1.10 substitutions per site). To estimate ML values, a tree topology was automatically computed with a maximum Log of −1058,195 for this calculation. All positions containing missing gaps or data were deleted, leaving a total of 755 sites in the final dataset. The evolutionary history was represented by consensus trees generated by 500 replications, which according to neighbor-join and BioNJ algorithms set up a matrix with minimal distances between haplotypes, corroborating the high degree of conservation for the TP53 gene. GENE TP53 seems to be a strong candidate in the construction of Biosensors for breast cancer diagnosis in human populations.