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International audience; The largest concentration of vertebrate macroremains for the Cenomanian of south-westernEurope has been recognized at the palaeontological area of Algora (Guadalajara Province, centralSpain). The study of the taxa identified there provided new information about the palaeobiogeographyand temporal distributions of some lineages, and increased knowledge about the poorly-known transition between the Lower and the Upper Cretaceous faunas in Europe. The presenceof eight taxa was confirmed there: the lepisosteoid fish Obaichthys africanus; the helochelydridturtle aff. Plastremys lata; the bothremydid turtle Algorachelus peregrina; an indeterminate elasmosauridplesiosaur; a non-eusuchian neosuchian and a eusuchian crocodyliform; an indeterminatelithostrotian titanosaur; and an indeterminate theropod probably belonging to Abelisauridae.Recent fieldwork campaigns, performed in 2019 and 2021, provided more than 1,200 new vertebrateremains, including those of clades poorly represented so far, as well as others hithertounknown at this site. Therefore, the faunal list can be remarkably increased. In this sense, severaltaxa of Osteichthyes have been found, and chondrichthyan remains are also recognized there forthe first time. New remains of crocodyliforms, theropods and sauropods allow to analyze, in moredetail, the systematic attribution of the representatives of these lineages present in Algora. Notonly new relevant specimens of helochelydrids and bothremydids stand out among the numerousfinds of turtles (which allow a better understanding of the anatomy of the represented species),but especially the discovery of the partial skeleton of a relatively large cryptodiran sea turtle(including, among other elements, the carapace, with more than 1 meter in length, and the skull).In addition, other lineages hitherto unrecognized at this fossiliferous locality, such as a squamatewith aquatic affinities, are identified. The main novelties in knowledge about the Cenomanian vertebratefauna of Algora are presented here, and the palaeobiogeographical implications of severalof the new finds are discussed.

La presente investigación tuvo como tema de estudio el periodismo digital y serealizó con estos objetivos: Identificar y analizar las propuestas de periodismo digital de los periódicos El Tiempo y El Espectador en el año 2020 y describir el perfil del periodista en la era digital. Se hizo una revisión de diferentes artículos indexados, libros y trabajos de grado que apoyaron la investigación y fueron una base sólida para su desarrollo. Para dar respuesta a estos objetivos se diseñaron tres tipos de fichas las cuales se llenaron con la información recolectada por medio de la entrevista y el estudio de caso. La primera ficha fue utilizada para organizar los datos de los periodistas entrevistados y sistematizar sus respuestas claves; posteriormente por medio de la ficha de registro de caso se identificaron los formatos en los que los medios de comunicación están realizando sus productos periodísticos. La tercera y última fichase utilizó para el análisis de nueve productos por periódico y el tratamiento periodístico de cada uno. En la presente investigación se identificaron y analizaron trabajos periodísticos multimedia en donde se observaron las distintas habilidades de los periodistas encargados del área digital de los dos periódicos, también se estudiaron las secciones de podcasts y videos de estos medios, con el fin de revisar el tratamiento periodístico y las características generales de estas propuestas periodísticas. En el mismo sentido, al realizar los antecedentes se logró determinar el perfil delperiodista en esta era digital y las herramientas que brinda el mundo tecnológico; para profundizar en este perfil se indagó a tres profesionales que permitieron establecer distintos factores clave que los periodistas no deben olvidar debido a que por el auge digital se pierde la mística de contar historias y así mismo se resalta la falta de contexto sobre temas de interés tales como política, economía, cultura y deportes. Proyecto de grado (Comunicador Social-Periodista)-- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 2022 Pregrado Comunicador(a) Social – Periodista

Los afloramientos de la Formación Villalba de la Sierra presentan una gran extensión entre las provincias de Cuenca y Guadalajara. Por el momento se ha abordado el registro de tres yacimientos: Portilla y Lo Hueco, en Cuenca, y Poyos, en Guadalajara. Por el momento, el yacimiento mejor conocido es el Konservat-Lagerstätte de Lo Hueco (Fuentes, Cuenca) que muestra una abundante representación de las biotas continentales de lapso Campaniense-Maastrichtiense en el dominio ibero-armoricano (suroeste de Europa). El yacimiento de Lo Hueco ha proporcionado hasta el momento una abundante colección de fósiles de vertebrados continentales cretácicos que representan plantas, moluscos bivalvos y gasterópodos, peces actinopterigios y teleósteos, anfibios, tortugas criptodiras y especialmente pleurodiras, lepidosaurios, crocodiliformes allodaposúquidos y dinosaurios, tanto ornitópodos rhabdodóntidos, como terópodos y saurópodos titanosaurios. Por otra parte, el yacimiento de Poyos (Sacedón, Guadalajara) representa un área recurrente de puestas de dinosaurios que se extiende por más de una decena de kilómetros y tiene un registro continuo a lo largo de varios niveles estratigráficos. En la localidad también se han identificado restos esqueléticos entre los que destacan abundantes elementos óseos de un terópodo de tamaño mediano, probablemente correspondiente a un nuevo abelisauroideo, y varios esqueletos parciales de saurópodos titanosaurios. La evidencia conjunta de los yacimientos de la Formación Villalba de la Sierra constituye el registro más completo sobre las diferencias ecológicas y los remplazamientos de las faunas en los ecosistemas con dinosaurios del lapso Campaniense-Maastrichtiense en el sur de Ibero-Armórica. La investigación sobre los vertebrados continentales de la Formación Villalba de la Sierra ha sido financiada por los proyectos CGL2012-35199 y CGL2015-68363-P del Gobierno de España y los proyectos SBPLY/14/180601/000074, SBPLY/15/180601/000045, SBPLY/16/180801/000017, SBPLY/17/180801/000063, SBPLY/19/180801/000044 de la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha.

The fossil record of postcranial remains assigned to Allodaposuchidae is currently sparse. However, the Late Cretaceous paleontological site of Lo Hueco (Cuenca, Spain), from where two new taxa of allodaposuchid have been described, has yielded numerous postcranial remains assignable to this clade. Among them, the large amount of pelvic and femoral material is notable, providing the opportunity to study these allodaposuchid elements and assess their morphological similarity with other eusuchian remains. The comparison with extant crocodylians was accomplished using traditional morphometric techniques, whereas the comparison with other fossils and establishment of morphotypes was done using morphological criteria. The results of the cluster and principal components analyses show morphological differences between extant crocodylians and allodaposuchids from Lo Hueco, allowing the segregation of these lineages. The similarities found between the pelvic and femoral remains from Lo Hueco, and those referred to Allodaposuchus precedens and other putative allodaposuchids from the Iberian Peninsula, allows referral of these remains to allodaposuchids. The differences found among the femoral and pelvic remains of Lo Hueco enables us to recognize two morphotypes per each element. This study allows a better understanding of allodaposuchid postcranial elements that were previously poorly known. The ilia, ischia and femora from Lo Hueco allodaposuchids are distinct from those of other crocodylian lineages. Finally, the fact that there are two morphotypes per each element at Lo Hueco is congruent with the presence of two different allodaposuchids at the site.

International audience; The fossil site of Algora (Guadalajara Province,central Spain) represents the main concentrationof Cenomanian vertebrate macroremains in southwesternEurope. Fishes, plesiosaurs, turtles, crocodiles,theropod and sauropod dinosaurs are identified.Knowledge has been remarkably increased as a resultof the study of several recently found specimens.Thus, the previous systematic identification of thefishes from this site is refuted, being reattributed toa single species, shared with the African record. Thesystematic identification of the primitive turtle (i.e.Solemydidae) from this site can be justified for thefirst time, the previous attribution being also refuted.The presence of carcharodontosaurid theropods inAlgora cannot be supported, a basal representativeof Allosauroidea being identified. The crocodileremains allow justifying the presence of Eusuchia. The Algora fauna is composed of some lineages presentin the European lower Cretaceous record, some ofthem being scarce at those levels (e.g. eusuchiansand titanosaurs), as well as by clades originated inGondwana, and not recognized in pre-Cenomaniansites of this continent (e.g. gars, bothremydids).Therefore, the faunal composition of Algora markedlydiffers from that of the European Lower Cretaceouslevels, showing more affinities with that of theuppermost Cretaceous. Thus, the faunal replacementidentified when the European Lower and uppermostCretaceous continental vertebrate faunas are comparedhad already occurred, at least for some lineages, beforeor during the middle Cenomanian. The climate changesthat took place at the end of the lower Cretaceous tothe lower Cenomanian are identified as factors thatconditioned this faunal replacement.

The article analyzes the free, prior and informed consultation, as a device of intercultural dialog linked to the right of indigenous peoples to the territory and to self-determination. Prior consultation is a mechanism of legal participation. It requires that, before assuming any administrative measure, the State unveils the im-plementation of its projects of exploitation of natural resources that may affect directly indigenous peoples. The article focuses on the content of the Convention 169 of the ILO, which offers the legal framework for the implementation of prior consultation in Latin America. However, from the point of view of any government, it is the State that holds the sovereignty and the imperium, on the base of the argument that there would be a supremacy of the national interest over local and territorial claims. Therefore, the “reason of State” enters in conflict with right of indigenous peoples to the territory and to self-determination. In the conclusion, it is underlined that this approach of the State administration accentuates the ideological and political fracture between the State, the transnational capital and the indigenous peoples. L’articolo analizza lo strumento delle consultazioni preventive, come dispositivo di dialogo intercultu-rale, legato al diritto dei popoli indigeni sul territorio e all’autodeterminazione. In senso stretto, la con-sultazione previa è un meccanismo di partecipazione giuridicamente riconosciuto, che lo Stato dovrebbe attivare prima di assumere misure amministrative per lo sfruttamento di risorse naturali che possano incidere direttamente sulle popolazioni indigene. L’articolo è centrato sul contenuto della Convenzione ILO 169, che offre l’inquadramento giuridico per attuare la consultazione preventiva in America Latina. Tuttavia, per i governi, è lo Stato il titolare della sovranità e dell’imperium, sulla base dell’argomento della supremazia dell’interesse nazionale sui diritti locali e territoriali. Quindi, la “ragion di Stato” entra in conflitto con i diritti delle popolazioni indigene sul territorio e con il principio della autodetermina-zione. Nelle conclusioni, si sottolinea come la condotta dell’amministrazione statale accentui la frattura ideologico-politico tra lo Stato, il capitale transnazionale le popolazioni indigene.

International audience; The Cretaceous vertebrate fauna of the Guadalajara Province (Castilla-La Mancha, CentralSpain) was unknown until a few years ago. In fact, the systematic excavation campaigns inGuadalajara began in 2013, those carried out in 2016 and 2017 being especially relevant.These works were performed in two fossiliferous areas, separated from each other by about60 km, both located in the Castilian Branch of the Iberian Ranges: the Cenomanian area ofAlgora, especially the ALG-B site (Algora municipality); and the uppermost Cretaceousoutcrops of the western margin of the Buendía Reservoir, especially the Poyos site(Sacedón municipality).Localities with fossil vertebrates from the lower part of the Upper Cretaceous are veryscarce in Europe and, to date, the locality of Algora shows the highest concentration ofvertebrate remains recognized in the Cenomanian of this continent. Thus, the fossils fromAlgora add important data for the understanding of the faunal turnover recognized whenthe Lower Cretaceous and the uppermost Cretaceous faunas are compared. The study ofthe new remains presented here allows us to analyze in more detail the fauna of fishes,characterize the primitive turtle members present in this locality, know new anatomicalcharacters for the oldest European pleurodiran turtles, identify and describe remains ofelasmosaurids, recognize the presence of eusuchian crocodyliforms, describe the oldestlithostrotian titanosaurs of the Iberian Peninsula, and perform a detailed analysis of thetheropod fauna. Several lineages from this site show a Gondwanan origin.Poyos is an uppermost Cretaceous site located in one of the worldwide largest dinosaurnesting areas, found in 2016. Thus, these fossiliferous levels extends over more than 10km. With the exception of an isolated vertebral centrum of a titanosaur sauropod, no otherspecimen from this locality has been published so far. The preparation of the fossils foundin 2006 and 2017 allows us to analyze both oological and osseous remains. Not onlyisolated sauropod eggshells, but also complete eggs and several dinosaur clutches, havebeen found. They show several singularities relative to both the microstructure of theeggshells and the disposition of the eggs, in relation to those previously found in otheruppermost Cretaceous Iberian regions. In addition to elements of bothremydid turtles andprobably allodaposuchid crocodiles, the remains of dinosaurs are abundant in this region,including several partial skeletons. Among them, a probable new middle-sized theropod isidentified.Grant InformationMinisterio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (CGL2015-68363-P, IJCI-2016-30427) and Viceconsejería de Cultura de Castilla-La Mancha (SBPLY/0021-0070).