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BACKGROUND: New York City's (NYC's) taxi/for-hire vehicle (FHV) drivers have occupational and demographic characteristics associated with food insecurity (low income, comorbidities, minority race/ethnicity). OBJECTIVE: To analyze food insecurity rates in a sample of NYC drivers and to identify associated factors. METHODS: At health fairs, we recruited a cross-sectional sample of licensed taxi/FHV drivers willing to receive study text messages. Most lacked a primary care provider. Food insecurity prevalence and associations with health and economic indicators were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 503 participants who completed a 2-item food security screener, 39.2% were food insecure. Significantly fewer food insecure than food secure drivers reported a doctor visit within the past year (48% vs 25%; P <.001). Food insecure drivers had greater weekly traffic ticket expenditure ($34 vs $24; P =.02) and were more likely to report insufficient household income (61% vs 39%; P <.001) and history of depression (14% vs 7%; P =.02), to have elevated (>200) measured total cholesterol (50% vs 37%; P =.02), and to have Perceived Stress Scale scores indicating greater stress than food secure drivers (14 vs 11; P =.002). In a binary logistic regression analysis, drivers who reported that their total household income was enough to meet their basic needs had significantly lower odds of being food insecure (0.695 odds ratio; P =.016). CONCLUSION: Food insecurity was high in this group of taxi/FHV drivers. Food insecurity interventions are needed and could be occupationally based, with worksite screening and resource navigation. Policies should address improving wages and healthcare access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine whether differences in patients' race/ethnicity, preferred language, and other factors were associated with patient enrollment in oncology research studies. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of all adults (>18 and ≤90) seen at a large, metropolitan cancer center from 2005 to 2015, examining if enrollment to a research study, varied by race/ethnicity, preferred language, comorbidities, gender, and age. Results: A total of 233 604 patients were available for initial analysis. Of these, 93 278 (39.9%) were enrolled in a research protocol (therapeutic and non-therapeutic studies). Patients who self-reported their race/ethnicity as Native, Other, Unknown, or Refuse to Answer were less likely to be enrolled on a study. Patients with one or more comorbidities, and those whose preferred language was English, were more likely to be enrolled on a research study. A logistic regression model showed that, although Non-Hispanic Black patients were more likely to have one or more comorbidities and had a higher proportion of their subset selecting English as their preferred language, they were less likely to be enrolled on a study, than our largest population, Non-Hispanic/White patients. Conclusions: We identified differences in research study enrollment based on preferred language, and within race/ethnicity categories including Native-Populations, Other, Unknown or Refuse to Answer compared to Non-Hispanic/White patients. We also highlighted the lower odds of enrollment among Non-Hispanic/Black patients, in the setting of factors such as comorbidities and English language preference, which were otherwise found to be positive predictors of enrollment. Further investigation is needed to design targeted interventions to reduce disparities in oncology research study enrollment, with particular focus on language diversity. This article reports on whether differences in patients' race/ethnicity, preferred language, and other factors are associated with patient enrollment in oncology research studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: cancer; culturally competent care; evidence-based practice; Hispanic Americans; Latin America; mental health; oncology; psycho-oncology; psychotherapy; survivorship EN cancer culturally competent care evidence-based practice Hispanic Americans Latin America mental health oncology psycho-oncology psychotherapy survivorship 127 133 7 01/28/21 20210101 NES 210101 BACKGROUND Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, approximately 70% of deaths from cancer occur in low- and middle-income countries.1 About 1.3 million new cancer cases and 666,000 cancer deaths were estimated to have occurred in 2018 in Latin America and the Caribbean. A survey of 59 mental health professionals treating Latino cancer patients from Latin America and the United States was conducted to shed light on the practice of psycho-oncology with Latino patients. It is important to study the practice of psycho-oncology with underserved populations and in low-resource settings to address disparities in access to psychosocial oncology services and support the use of evidence-based practice. Cancer, culturally competent care, evidence-based practice, Hispanic Americans, Latin America, mental health, oncology, psycho-oncology, psychotherapy, survivorship. [Extracted from the article]

Discrimination is associated with poorer mental and physical health outcomes. Taxi drivers have a higher risk of exposure to discrimination and higher rates of chronic conditions. A cross-sectional needs assessment was conducted with a multilingual group of 535 male taxi drivers in New York City. Drivers reporting higher discrimination were more likely to have higher perceived stress and were more likely to have anxiety/depression and chronic pain, adjusting for confounders. Workplace-based interventions designed to help drivers cope with discrimination, stress, and chronic health conditions, interventions to educate the taxi-riding public, and greater attention to these issues from administrative agencies are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]