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Background. The number of children that spend a large part of the day at childcare facilities (CCFs) has risen worldwide. The parent relies on caregivers in CCFs to provide children with balanced meals. Studies in various parts of South Africa (SA) that analysed CCF menus have found that the menus do not satisfy the daily requirements of energy and micronutrients for children. With increasing numbers of children attending CCFs, and an increase in the global prevalence of obesity, information with regards to food presented at the facilities was of interest not only to compare the energy, macro- and micronutrient intake, but also to consider the dietary diversity offered to the children on a daily basis. Objectives. To analyse menus offered to children in CCFs in Inanda, KwaZulu-Natal for nutritional adequacy and to calculate the contribution the meals make to the dietary reference intakes for children in the 2 - 5-year age category. Methods. Permission from the Department of Social Development (DSD) in Durban was obtained to approach the CCFs to participate in the study. Ten CCFs in the Inanda area were randomly selected from the DSD list of 45 registered CCFs. The researcher gathered menus, recipes and serving sizes from each of the 10 CCFs. Food Finder version 3 software (MRC, SA), adjusted to include fortified wheat and bread products, was used to analyse the recipes. Results. The CCFs in Inanda served breakfast and lunch to the children daily. The top 20 list of foods offered cereal-based staples of rice and maize meal more frequently than meat, dairy products and fruit and vegetables. None of the CCFs met 60% of daily requirements for energy, fibre and calcium for children in this age group. Conclusion. Menus offered to children aged 2 - 5 years in registered CCFs in Inanda are nutritionally inadequate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We previously demonstrated that Bendamustine (Benda) LD is as effective as standard fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (Flu/Cy) LD before the 4-1BB-costimulated tisagenlecleucel, but has reduced cytokine-release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity (ICANS), and hematological toxicities. B Introduction: b Lymphodepletion (LD) is a key component of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CART19) immunotherapy, establishing the proper environment and cytokine milieu before CART infusion. BENDAMUSTINE LYMPHODEPLETION TRIGGERS REDUCED INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES AND DECREASED TOXICITIES AFTER BOTH 4-1BB- AND CD28-COSTIMULATED CART19 FOR NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA. [Extracted from the article]

Presents several abstracts on peace negotiations. `Time to End the Korean War,' by Bruce Cumings, which appeared in the February 1997 issue of `Atlantic Monthly'; `The Paris Peace Conference And the Question of Minority Rights,' by Carole Fink, which appeared in the July 1996 issue of `Peace And Change'; `After Rabin and Peres: The Personal Dimension of Israel's Turn to Peace,' by Yagil Levy, which appeared in the December 1997 issue of the `Security Dialogue'.

Presents several abstracts on public administration. `The Politics of Regulatory Change: A Tale of Two Agencies,' edited by Richard Harris and Sidney M. Milkis; `The reinventing government movement: a review and critique,' by J. Edward Kellough, from the `Public Administration Quarterly'; `Who steals my purse steals trash: the structure of organizational influence reputation,' by David Knoke, from the `Journal of Theoretical Politics' dated October 1998.

This article reports the case of a 42-year-old woman with Down's syndrome who developed a misidentification syndrome, erotomanic delusions towards her instructor, and increasing grandiosity following the death of her father. This patient is remarkable for the additional presence of a Fregoli-like misidentification state. Erotomanic delusions are characteristically described in schizophrenia, but may also occur in bipolar affective disorders and in amphetamine abuse, alcoholism and organic brain syndromes.

Background: Several studies have revealed linguistic differences between diagnostic groups. This study investigates the extent to which these differences are accounted for by factors such as chronicity, or disturbances in cognition associated with acute psychosis.Method: Transcripts of interviews with patients suffering from RDC schizophrenia (n=38), mania (n=11) and controls (n=16) were examined using the Brief Syntactic Analysis (BSA). Patients were within two years of first onset of psychotic symptoms, and received tests of working memory and attention.Results: The speech of patients with schizophrenia was syntactically less complex than that of controls. Patients with schizophrenia and mania made more errors than controls. These differences were, to some extent, related to group differences in social class, working memory and attention, although significant group differences in language persisted after the effects of covariates were removed.Conclusions: The study confirms the existence of differences in the speech of psychiatric patients. Low complexity appears to be a particular feature of speech in schizophrenia, even in the earliest stages of the condition. The importance of this finding is discussed in relation to two recent theories of schizophrenia: Crow's evolutionary model, and Frith's neuro-psychological model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Linguistic analysis is of great potential benefit to psychiatry as a research and assessment tool, but the skill and time it demands means that it has not been widely used. This paper describes a much simplified form of syntactic analysis.Method: A detailed protocol for the Brief Syntactic Analysis (BSA) was written, based on earlier work by Morice and Ingram. Three psychiatrists were trained in its use, and inter-rater reliability established through independent ratings of 12 transcripts taken from a mixed group of psychiatric patients and a group of non-psychiatric controls. Concurrent reliability of the BSA against the Morice and Ingram analysis was established by comparing measures from the two methods on 16 transcripts of mixed patients.Results: There were high levels of agreement between the three psychiatrists and between the BSA and the Morice and Ingram analysis, although one-way ANOVA indicated that for some variables there were small but statistically significant absolute differences between the two. The reasons for this were discussed. A principal components analysis confirmed the presence of three factors corresponding closely to the three families of linguistic variables.Conclusions: The results indicate that psychiatrists can be trained to use a syntactic analysis with high levels of agreement. The BSA, which takes much less time to complete, produces measures that are comparable with the original analysis from which it was derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents several abstracts on international relations. `Iran Is Not Iraq,' by Eric Arnett, which appeared in the January/February 1998 issue of the `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists'; `Strategic Geography and the Changing Middle East,' by Geoffrey Kemp and Robert E. Harkavy; `The Future of International Relations: Masters in the Making,' edited by Iver B. Neumann and Ole Waever.

Presents several abstracts on nuclear fallout, waste, and cleanup. `Getting Yucca Mountain Right,' by Luther J. Carter and Thomas H. Pigford, which appeared in the March/April 1998 issue of `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists'; `Terror in Chiapas,' by Alejandro Nadal, which appeared in the March/April 1998 issue of the `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists'; `Nuclear Power, Yes,' by Gerald Marsh, which appeared in the March/April 1998 issue of the `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.'

Presents several abstracts on nuclear weapons. `Canadian Nuclear Weapons,' a book written by John M. Clearwater; `Nuclear Rivalry in South Asia,' an essay written by Partha Ghosh; `Nuclear Deterrence,' an essay written by Jeffrey Johnson.

Presents several abstracts on military technology. `The Senate Munitions Inquiry of the 1930s,' by Matthew W. Coulter; `Chemical and Biological Warfare,' by Eric Croddy; `China, Technology and the Spratly Islands: The Geological Impact of New Technology,' by E.D. Smith.

Presents several abstracts on political philosophy and ideology. `Socialism reconsidered--yet again,' by Norman Birnbaum, from Fall 1996 issue of the `World Policy Journal'; `The Political Classics: Green to Dworkin,' by Murray Forsyth and Maurice Keens-Soper; `Moral Competence: An Integrated Approach to the Study of Ethics,' by James Jokob Liszka.

Presents several abstracts on international financial institutions. `Controlling Global Finance,' by Fred Block which appeared in the Fall 1996 issue of `World Policy Journal'; `International Monetary Cooperation Since Bretton Woods,' by Harold James which appeared in the October 1997 issue of `American Historical Review.'

Presents several abstracts on espionage and intelligence. `Shadow Warriors: The Covert War in Korea,' by William B. Breuer; `Desperate Deception: British Covert Operations in the United States, 1939-44,' by Thomas Mahl; `Foreign Embassies in the United States As Communist Propaganda Sources: 1945-1960,' by Alex Nagy which appeared in the Winter 1997 issue of `American Journalism.'

Presents several abstracts on nuclear arms control treaties. `Dangerous Directions,' by William M. Arkin, which appeared in the March/April 1998 issue of the `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists'; `Act Now, Mr. President,' by Matthew Bunn, which appeared in the March/April 1998 issue of the `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists'; `Nuclear Threat on the Korean Peninsula,' by S. Kang.

Presents an abstract of the article `Test Ban One, Opposition Zero,' by Tom Zamora Collins, which appeared in the January and February 1998 issue of `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists' about arms control verification.

Presents several abstracts on nuclear arms control. `Down and Out,' by Gar Alperovitz, et al, which appeared in the December 30, 1996 issue of `The Nation'; `ABM: Just Kicking the Can,' by Lisbeth Gronlund, which appeared in the January and February issue of the `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists'; `The Case for Strategic Escrow,' by Stansfield Turner, which appeared in the March and April 1998 issue of the `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists'.

Presents several abstracts on military planning. `Inventing Threats,' by Carl Conetta and Charles Knight, which appeared in the March/April 1998 issue of the `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists'; `The Military in South African Politics: Champions of National Unity?' by William Gutteridge, which appeared in the June 1994 issue of `Conflict Studies.'

Presents several abstracts on political reform. `Democratic transition and consolidation in Latin America: steps toward a new theory of democratization,' by Viviane Brachet-Marquez from the `Current Sociology' dated January 1997; `An analysis of Sino-British negotiations over Hong Kong's political reform,' by Lo Shiu Hing, from the journal `Contemporary Southeast Asia' dated September 1994.

Presents several abstracts on political parties. `Israel: the nationalists return to power,' by Gideon Doron, from the `Current History' dated January 1997; `India: multicultural democracy at the millennium,' by Mira Kamdar, from the Fall 1996 issue of the `World Policy Journal'; `Earl Browder: The Failure of American Communism,' by James G. Ryan.

Presents several abstracts on social history. `The Protestant ethic,' by Daniel Bell, from the Fall 1996 issue of `World Policy Journal'; `Playing the game: sport and British society, 1910-45,' by Derek Birley, from the `American Historical Review' dated October 1997; `Rituals of Blood: Consequences of Slavery in Two American Centuries,' by Orlando Patterson.

Presents abstracts of works about religious groups and beliefs. `The search for common ground: what unites and divides Catholic Americans,' by James D. Davidson et al., from `Our Sunday Visitor,' dated fall 1997; `An Orthodox odyssey,' by Colin Woodard, from the `Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,' dated January/February 1998; `For the Nations: Essays Public and Evangelical,' a book by John H. Yoder.