Search

Daily dietary habits directly or indirectly influence the intestinal microbiota, and the resulting changes in its composition and metabolic activity alter the health conditions of the host. Although many studies have analyzed the association between individual nutrients/food items and intestinal microbiota, the assessment of the diet and intestinal microbiota from a macroscopic perspective has not yet been performed in Japan. Therefore, we focused on vegetables and fruits and aimed to identify dietary patterns of high intake of these foods and to examine their relationship with the intestinal microbiota. This cross-sectional study included 1019 healthy individuals aged ≥20 years in a rural area in northern Japan. Six dietary patterns were detected by factor analysis using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) data to identify the “vege pattern”, which was the dietary pattern rich in vegetables and fruits. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance revealed changes in β-diversity according to dietary patterns. In multivariable-adjusted models, the adherence to the vege pattern was positively correlated with α-diversity. This is the first study to reveal a correlation between intestinal microbiota and dietary habits rich in vegetables and fruits in a rural area of Japan.

本稿の目的は,児童養護施設におけるソーシャルワーク実践事例を用いてソーシャルワークの機能・役割を明確にしていくことである。本研究の社会的意義は,ソーシャルワーク実践事例を検討・考察することによりソーシャルワーク実践理論,特にソーシャルワークの機能・役割に対して実践的積み上げに貢献できる点にある。その結果,本実践事例においては,子どもの生活を支えるうえで多くのソーシャルワークの機能・役割が活用されており,特に生活支援と言った場合,多くの機関や専門職が連携し,その組織化をおこなっていた。そしてそれらは本稿の中で見た子どもの生活の応答性を高めていくものとなっていた。一方,本実践事例の子どもの言動や行動には,脆弱性も見られた。そのため日々の関わりの中での直接援助機能や仲介機能,ケースマネージャー機能などは,子どもの脆弱性をケアする役割を発揮し,よりよい生活・社会環境を整えるという点で重要なソーシャルワークの機能・役割であった。, This paper reviews an example of social work practices in a foster home, which clarifies thefunctions and roles of social workers in such homes. The significance of this study for society is that an analytical review of social work practices such as the one described here can contribute to the accumulation of data for the development of social practice theory. This study revealed that social work functions and roles were employed in every aspect to support children's lives. For support of children's lives, there was professional cooperation and organization in many institutions. The role of social workers was intended to enhance the quality of the children lives. On the other hand, the children were often observed as beingvulnerable. Therefore, in order to care for children's well-being, it was critical that attention was paid to residential care and specific case management. Social worker functions and roles are important in ensuringthat a child adjusts to its new living and social environment.

本稿の目的は児童養護施設におけるソーシャルワーク実践事例を用いて,ソーシャルワークの機能を明確にしていくことである。その意義は実践事例の分析と検討からソーシャルワーク実践理論の研究的積み上げに多少なりとも貢献できるからである。 その結果,ソーシャルワーク機能は子どもの生活援助・支援においては随所に活用されていた。直接的援助機能やケースマネージャー機能,保護機能などが実践では多く活用され,子どもの成長と発達によってソーシャルワーク機能は広範囲にわたり活用されることなどが明らかになった。, This paper reviews an example of social work practices at a foster home to clarify the social work functions at such homes. The objective is that an analytical review of social work practices such as the one described here can more or less contribute to the accumulation of the data for the social work practice theory. The review of the example revealed that social work functions were employed in every aspect to support children's lives. In particular, functions such as residential care, case management, and protection were employed frequently, demonstrating that social work functions are employed more widely as children become older.

This paper describes the result of the English Study Abroad Program in March, 2009. The first report and analysis on the 2008 summer program is already in print in OIU JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES Vol.22, No.2, and this time, therefore, I attempt to make further analysis on the results of the “prequestionnaire” and “post-questionnaire” and to propose what we will be able to do for our students who sincerely want to learn English.

本研究の目的はソーシャルワークの機能と役割に焦点をあて,実践事例を分析することでソーシャルワークのあり方に関して検討することである。そのため実践事例として児童養護施設での実践事例を分析・検討した。 その結果,ソーシャルワークの機能と役割の重要性と同時に,ソーシャルワークの機能と役割はソーシャルワークの原理原則に律されたものでなければ機能不全を起こしてしまいかねないという結論に至った。, This study examines a number of examples of social work in practice in order to clarify some of the functions and roles of social work, and consider an ideal method of social work. Data were drawn from examples of practice at a child nursing home, then analyzed and discussed. As a result, it is suggested that the failure to make the functions and roles of social work subordinate to the overriding principles of social work cause the breakdown of entire system.

Telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor type 1 blocker, is often used as an antihypertension drug, and it has also been characterized as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) ligand. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the antitumor effects of telmisartan on endometrial cancer cells. We treated three endometrial cancer cell lines with various concentrations of telmisartan, and we investigated the effects of the telmisartan on the cell proliferation, apoptosis, and their related measurements in vitro. We also administered telmisartan to nude mice with experimental tumors to determine its in vivo effects and toxicity. All three endometrial cancer cell lines were sensitive to the growth-inhibitory effect of telmisartan. The induction of apoptosis was confirmed in concert with the altered expression of genes and proteins related to the apoptosis. We also observed that DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were induced in HHUA (human endometrial cancer) cells by telmisartan treatment. In addition, experiments in nude mice showed that telmisartan significantly inhibited human endometrial tumor growth, without toxic side effects. Our results suggest that telmisartan might be a new therapeutic option for the treatment of endometrial cancers.

食用野生キノコ44種について,脂肪酸組成およびエルゴステロール含量をガスクロマトグラフィーにより測定した。(1) 脂肪酸組成とステロール分析は試料溶液を同時に調製し,エルゴステロールの定量のために内部標準にn-octatriacontaneを用いて測定した。(2) 脂肪酸組成はリノール酸,オレイン酸,パルミチン酸,ステアリン酸が主な構成脂肪酸であり,キチチタケには特徴的に6-oxooctadecanoic acidが含まれていた。(3) エルゴステロール含量は乾物基準換算して19～780mg%の範囲であった。またエルゴステロール以外に,ergost-7-en-3β-olがみられた。