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BACKGROUND Dentists are at high risk for Hepatitis B infection. Vaccination provides effective immunity. Not all dentists are vaccinated despite awareness and availability. Hepatitis B vaccination for health care workers is mandatory as per Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2018. The present study was planned to determine the vaccination status amongst dentists and their approach to Hepatitis B infected patients. METHODS After the institutional ethics committee permission, the study was initiated. A Google form along with an online consent was emailed to all dentists registered with Maharashtra dental council (MDC). Post survey, a short information sheet was mailed to all, about the need for Hepatitis B vaccination and certain aspects related to it. The responses were automatically transferred to a Microsoft excel sheet and analyzed. RESULTS 16,418 emails were sent out. 371 (2.3 %) participants responded, 352 (2.1 %) working dentists were included. 78.2 % (N = 273) were from urban area. 56 % (N =192) participants were in the age group 22-30 years. Male to female ratio was 0.8:1. 52.2 % (N = 184) had own clinic and 34.4 % (N = 121) were private practitioners. 56.4 % (N = 195) were dental graduates and 43.6 % (N = 151) were postgraduates. The vaccination status of dentists was found to be 74.7 % (N = 263). Only 22.1 % (N = 58) had tested for antibody titre against Hepatitis B, 55.7 % (N = 196) dentists routinely carried out hepatitis B testing of their patients. If patients tested positive, 53.1 % (N =187) provided dental care in their own clinic. CONCLUSIONS Improving the hepatitis B vaccination amongst dentists will improve their safety and reduce their fear of managing infected patients. KEY WORDS Hepatitis B, Vaccination, Dentists, Survey.

von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the common bleeding disorder with a clinically relevant bleeding prevalence of 1:10,000. von Willebrand disease patients lack both von Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor VIII (FVIII), which are critical for normal haemostasis. The conventional treatment for VWD includes desmopressin and replacement therapy with plasma derived FVIII with VWF concentrates or recombinant VWF. Development of alloantibodies is a rare occurrence, there is a paucity in the literature of treatment modalities in these patients. Not many reports are available in literature on the efficacy of emicizumab in VWD patients with or without alloantibodies to VWF.To do systematic review of literature on emicizumab in VWD and report our experience of emicizumab in two patients of VWD METHODS: We used electronic search engines till May 2021 in 'Google scholar' and 'PubMed', to collect the case reports or case series on use of emicizumab for management of VWD. Two of our severe VWD patients were successfully treated with emicizumab. A systematic review was performed and the results discussed.The electronic search revealed six case reports using emicizumab for treatment of VWD. Two were in vitro studies and four in patients with VWD type 3 disease. In vitro studies and in VWD patients on emicizumab, showed improvement in thrombin generation and fibrin formation. Among four patients, three had alloantibodies to VWD and one was negative. All these patients were treated with emicizumab for 6-12 m. After starting emicizumab, none of them had spontaneous bleeding requiring treatment. During treatment with emicizumab, one patient had trauma-associated soft tissue hematoma, which was treated with rFVIIa and another patient had bleeding following dental exfoliation treated with Humate P. We treated two of our VWD patients one with and one without inhibitors with emicizumab after failure of other therapies. Both the patients showed marked improvement and continued to remain well and free of bleeding episodes. None of the patients had any thrombosis or thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) during treatment with emicizumab.In conclusion, this review supports the safety and efficacy of emicizumab in type 3 VWD patients with or without alloantibodies. Further large studies are required to confirm the safety and efficacy of emicizumab in VWD.