1. Parkinsons disease variant detection and disclosure: PD GENEration, a North American study.
- Author
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Cook, Lola, Verbrugge, Jennifer, Schwantes-An, Tae-Hwi, Schulze, Jeanine, Foroud, Tatiana, Hall, Anne, Marder, Karen, Mata, Ignacio, Mencacci, Niccolò, Nance, Martha, Schwarzschild, Michael, Simuni, Tanya, Bressman, Susan, Wills, Anne-Marie, Fernandez, Hubert, Litvan, Irene, Lyons, Kelly, Shill, Holly, Singer, Carlos, Tropea, Thomas, Vanegas Arroyave, Nora, Carbonell, Janfreisy, Cruz Vicioso, Rossy, Katus, Linn, Quinn, Joseph, Hodges, Priscila, Meng, Yan, Strom, Samuel, Blauwendraat, Cornelis, Lohmann, Katja, Casaceli, Cynthia, Rao, Shilpa, Ghosh Galvelis, Kamalini, Naito, Anna, Beck, James, and Alcalay, Roy
- Subjects
GBA1 ,LRRK2 ,Parkinson’s disease ,clinical trials ,genetic counselling ,genetic testing ,Humans ,Parkinson Disease ,Genetic Testing ,Male ,Female ,Glucosylceramidase ,Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2 ,alpha-Synuclein ,Aged ,Middle Aged ,Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ,Protein Kinases ,Protein Deglycase DJ-1 ,Vesicular Transport Proteins ,North America ,Genetic Variation ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Adult ,Disclosure ,Genetic Counseling ,Canada ,United States - Abstract
Variants in seven genes (LRRK2, GBA1, PRKN, SNCA, PINK1, PARK7 and VPS35) have been formally adjudicated as causal contributors to Parkinsons disease; however, individuals with Parkinsons disease are often unaware of their genetic status since clinical testing is infrequently offered. As a result, genetic information is not incorporated into clinical care, and variant-targeted precision medicine trials struggle to enrol people with Parkinsons disease. Understanding the yield of genetic testing using an established gene panel in a large, geographically diverse North American population would help patients, clinicians, clinical researchers, laboratories and insurers better understand the importance of genetics in approaching Parkinsons disease. PD GENEration is an ongoing multi-centre, observational study (NCT04057794, NCT04994015) offering genetic testing with results disclosure and genetic counselling to those in the US (including Puerto Rico), Canada and the Dominican Republic, through local clinical sites or remotely through self-enrolment. DNA samples are analysed by next-generation sequencing including deletion/duplication analysis (Fulgent Genetics) with targeted testing of seven major Parkinsons disease-related genes. Variants classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic/risk variants are disclosed to all tested participants by either neurologists or genetic counsellors. Demographic and clinical features are collected at baseline visits. Between September 2019 and June 2023, the study enrolled 10 510 participants across >85 centres, with 8301 having received results. Participants were: 59% male; 86% White, 2% Asian, 4% Black/African American, 9% Hispanic/Latino; mean age 67.4 ± 10.8 years. Reportable genetic variants were observed in 13% of all participants, including 18% of participants with one or more high risk factors for a genetic aetiology: early onset (
- Published
- 2024