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Two-dimensional hybrid lead perovskites have attracted a great deal of attention in white-light-emitting diodes, but the serious toxicity of Pb

The xyloglucanase gene (RmXEG12A) from Rhizomucor miehei CAU432 was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris. The highest xyloglucanase activity of 25,700 U mL−1 was secreted using high cell density fermentation. RmXEG12A was optimally active at pH 7.0 and 65 °C, respectively. The xyloglucanase exhibited the highest specific activity towards xyloglucan (7915.5 U mg−1). RmXEG12A was subjected to hydrolyze tamarind powder to produce xyloglucan oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) 7–9. The hydrolysis ratio of xyloglucan in tamarind powder was 89.8%. Moreover, xyloglucan oligosaccharides (2.0%, w/w) improved the water holding capacity (WHC) of yoghurt by 1.1-fold and promoted the growth of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophiles by 2.3 and 1.6-fold, respectively. Therefore, a suitable xyloglucanase for tamarind powder hydrolysis was expressed in P. pastoris at high level and xyloglucan oligosaccharides improved the quality of yoghurt.

The electron beam melting-printed Ti6Al4V shows a great potential application for orthopedic implants and aerospace in recent years. A systematic study on the microstructure of additive manufactured Ti6Al4V by electron beam melting both parallel to and perpendicular to the building directions (Z axis) is presented in the present investigation. The results showed that the microstructure of the alloy was α lamina with HCP structure and β bar with BCC structure. The original β phase grew as columnar crystal along the direction of construction, showing an equiaxial shape in the cross section, numerous small α lamellae block the original β phase, and presenting a cluster distribution on the original β grain boundary, and a basket-like distribution in the original β grain. This may be due to the rapid cooling of the small pool after melting, the repeated heating of the subsequent constructed layer on the formed layer, and the subsequent limited vacuum cooling, resulting in the formation of the micro morphology, which leads to the original β grain boundaries broken, and the formation of a distinctive basket or widmanstatten structure [1, 2]. In addition, XRD results indicated that there was α′ martensite, part of which has been decomposes into α phases and β phases, SEM and TEM experiments also proved this. Of note is that random distribution dislocation was observed in TEM. Using EBSD results, and it may be understand that the sample build direction was parallel to [0001] crystal orientation and build plane parallel to (1210) and (1100) crystal facets.

This article presents a design of the low-voltage ${K}_{u}$ -range magnetron with two outputs of energy: an active with matched load and a passive that is matched with a load having reactive impedance and providing frequency tuning (or its adjustment). Studying the magnetron is carried out in continuous and pulsed modes under the following input operating parameters: an operating anode voltage varied in a range of 450–500 V, a magnetic field of 0.25 T, a pulse length of 5–20 $\mu $ s, a pulse repetition rate between 100 and 300 Hz, and the magnetron weight ~0.85 kg subject to air cooling. The results of computer modeling the mode spectrum of a cold resonant anode block of the magnetron show that the separation between the operating N/2-mode and the closest low-voltage (N/2-1)-mode is ~1.6 GHz. Under these conditions, it is shown that the maximum frequency tuning of the cold resonant anode block is ~250 MHz. It is shown that the results of experimental studies of frequency tuning in the magnetron depend on the value of reactive loading in the second (passive) output. The limiting value of the frequency tuning range of the “hot” magnetron is ~110 MHz, providing an output average power of 15 W at ~36% efficiency. The available results of computer modeling are in good agreement with the experiment data. The implementation of the mode of frequency tuning enables to extend the functionality of the magnetron and a range of tasks that can be solved.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, flagellated and spiral-shaped bacterium, designated WDS2A16AT was isolated from a marine solar saltern in Weihai, PR China. Growth was observed at 20–40 °C (optimal 33–37 °C), 1–15 % (w/v) NaCl (optimal 3–4 %) and pH 6.0–9.0 (optimal pH 7.5). Major cellular fatty acids (>10 %) were C18 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0. Phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified glycolipid were detected as the predominant polar lipids. The sole respiratory quinone was Q-8. The DNA G+C content of strain WDS2A16AT was 48.5 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of WDS2A16AT with other species were less than 91 %. The average nucleotide identity, in silico DNA–DNA hybridization and amino acid identity of strain WDS2A16AT with the most related strain Gynuella sunshinyii YC6258 T were 66.1, 19.3 and 48.1 %, respectively. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and phenotypic characterization indicated that strain WDS2A16AT represents a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Salinibius halmophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WDS2A16AT (=KCTC 52225T=MCCC 1H00139T).

Increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition greatly affects species diversity, productivity, and stability of ecosystems. It is thus of the great importance to understand how grassland N pools respond to the increased atmospheric N deposition. This study was conducted in a meadow steppe in Erguna, Inner Mongolia, China. There were six levels of N addition (大气氮沉降增加深刻影响生态系统物种多样性、生产力及其稳定性,研究草原生态系统N库如何响应不断增加的大气氮沉降至关重要。本研究在内蒙古额尔古纳草甸草原开展刈割和不同水平外源氮添加试验,设置6个氮添加水平: 0、2、5、10、20和50 g·m

A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive bacillus, designated WD2A32T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern in the coast of Weihai, Shandong Province, PR China. Strain WD2A32T grew optimally at 37–40 °C (range, 20–45 °C) and pH 7.0–7.5 (range, 6.5–8.0) and was tolerant to 6–8 % (w/v) NaCl (range, 2–12 %). The 16S rDNA of strain WD2A32T was most similar (93.5 %) to that of Rhodovibrio salinarum DSM 9154T (the type species of the genus Rhodovibrio ), followed by Limimonas halophila DSM 25584T (92.4 %; the type species of the genus Limimonas ). The similarities to the type strains of the genera Pelagibius and Limibacillus were less than 91.0 %. The draft genome sequence of strain WD2A32T contained 72 contigs (>507 bp) of 4 237 996 bp with a DNA G+C content of 65.5 mol%. The major polar lipids of strain WD2A32T were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified aminolipids; major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c) and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c; the major respiratory quinone was Q-10. On the basis of the results from chemotaxonomic, physiological and biochemical analyses, strain WD2A32T represents a novel species of a novel genus in the family Rhodospirillaceae , for which the name Ferruginivarius sediminum gen. nov., sp. nov. has been proposed. The type strain is WD2A32T (=KCTC 52888T=MCCC 1H00201T).

A Gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive bacterial strain, designated YLY08T, was isolated from the gut microflora of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) collected from the coast of Yuanyao Wharf, Weihai, PR China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain YLY08T grew optimally at 28-30 °C, at pH 7.0–7.5 and in the presence of 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules were produced. Neighbour-joining, maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain YLY08T clustered with the type strain of Oceaniglobus indicus , with which it exhibited 95.3 % sequence similarity, while the similarity to other genera was below 95.0 %. Genomic analyses, including average nucleotide identity and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization, clearly separated YLY08T from O. indicus MCCC 1A11863T with values below the thresholds for species delineation. The major cellular fatty acid was summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c). The sole respiratory quinone detected was Q-10. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified phospholipid. The genome of strain YLY08T, with 38 assembled contigs, was 3.9 Mb long with a G+C content of 59.0 mol%. The results of the phenotypical, phylogenetic and biochemical analyses between the strain YLY08T and the related type strain indicated that this strain represents a novel species in genus Oceaniglobus within the family Rhodobacteraceae , for which the name Oceaniglobus ichthyenteri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YLY08T (=MCCC 1H00318T=KCTC 62182T).

A Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic, motile, slightly bent rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain E4404T, was isolated from coastal sediment sampled Weihai, China. According to phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain E4404T shared the highest similarity with the type strain of Vibrio variabilis (97.0 %), followed by the type strains of Vibrio maritimus (96.1 %) and Vibrio europaeus (96.0 %). Multilocus sequence analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and eight housekeeping genes (ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH, recA, rpoA and topA) showed that strain E4404T formed a unique clade in the genus Vibrio . The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain E4404T and some other species in the genus Vibrio were 71.0–72.7 % and 20.4–22.4 %, respectively. Cells grew at 15–37 °C and pH 6.0–8.5 in the presence of 1.0–6.0 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimal growth at 33 °C and pH 7.0–7.5 in the presence of 3.0–3.5 % (w/v) NaCl. No growth was observed on thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose medium. The major fatty acids of strain E4404T were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16 : 0 and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain E4404T was 46.1 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic, genotypic, phenotypic, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain E4404T represented a novel species of the genus Vibrio , for which the name Vibrio albus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is E4404T (=MCCC 1H00197T=KCTC 52890T).

This study evaluated the immunostimulatory activity of curdlan oligosaccharides (GOS) in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice and in RAW264.7 cells. GOS was able to stimulate the release of nitric oxide (NO), cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and improve the phagocytic rate of peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 cells. It further enhanced immunoglobulins (Ig) release (IgG by 50.6%-74.7%, IgA by 31.3%-34.9%, IgM by 28.3%-66.7%), splenic lymphocyte proliferation (by 74.8%-91.3%), nature killer cells cytotoxicity (by 32.0%-49.6%), immunophenotypes of splenic lymphocytes (from 1.7 to 2.4, 2.2 and 2.7) in immunosuppressed mice. Compared with curdlan, higher immunostimulatory activity of GOS was found in CTX-treated mice. Moreover, GOS could activate nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways through toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and complement receptor 3 (CR3). These results indicated that GOS may be a favorable candidate of functional food in regulating immune responses.

A Gram-stain negative, spherical, obligately aerobic bacterium, designated strain WN38T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern on the coast of Weihai, China. Optimal growth occurred at 33 °C, pH 7.0–7.5 and in the presence of 3–4 % (w/v) NaCl. The genome of strain WN38T was found to contain the genes necessary for arsenate reductase and related proteins, indicating that it may have potential in bioremediation of heavy metal polluted environments. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain WN38T represented a member of the genus Coraliomargarita , and was related most closely to Coraliomargarita akajimensis KCTC 12865T (95.7 %). Pairwise sequence similarities to all other type strains of species were below 90 %. Genome-based calculations (average nucleotide identity, genome-to-genome distance and DNA G+C percentage) and results of pairwise amino acid identity (AAI >60 %) and percentage of conserved proteins (POCP >50 %) also indicated clearly that strain WN38T represents a novel species within this genus. Different phenotypic analyses, such as the detection of a quinone system composed of the sole respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and a fatty acid profile with iso-C14 : 0, C18 : 0 and C18 : 1ω9c as major components, supported this finding at the same time as contributing to a comprehensive characterization of strain WN38T. On the basis of its phenotypic and genotypic properties, strain WN38T represents a novel species of the genus Coraliomargarita , for which the name Coraliomargarita sinensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WN38T (=KCTC 62602T=MCCC 1H00313T).

A novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, ivory-white, facultatively anaerobic and catalase-positive bacterium, designated H1304T, was isolated from the gut of sea catfish from Coast of Weihai, China. Optimal growth occurred at 30–33 °C (range, 4–37 °C) and pH 7.0–7.5 (range, pH 6.5–9.0) with 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl (range, 0.5–4.0 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that H1304T belonged to the genus Cohaesibacter and was most closely related to Cohaesibactermarisflavi CGMCC 1.9157T (96.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Cohaesibactergelatinilyticus MCCC 1A02698T (96.3 %) and Cohaesibacterhaloalkalitolerans KCTC 32038T (96.0 %). The sole isoprenoid quinone was Q-10, the polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, glycolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified aminolipid. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c). The DNA G+C content of strain H1304T is 50.8 mol%. Based on the combination of phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic data and chemotaxonomic data, strain H1304T is considered to represent a novel species within the genus Cohaesibacter in the family Cohaesibacteraceae , for which the name Cohaesibacter celericrescens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the new species is H1304T (=KCTC 62075T=MCCC 1H00241T).

With the widespread occurrence of aquaculture diseases and the broad application of antibiotics, drug-resistant pathogens have increasingly affected aquatic animals’ health. Marine probiotics, which live under high pressure in a saltwater environment, show high potential as a substitute for antibiotics in the field of aquatic disease control. In this study, twenty strains of non-hemolytic bacteria were isolated from the intestine of wild oysters and perch, and a model of Caenorhabditis elegans infected by Vibrio anguillarum was established. Based on the model, ML1206, which showed a 99% similarity of 16S rRNA sequence to Planococcus maritimus, was selected as a potential marine probiotic, with strong antibacterial capabilities and great acid and bile salt tolerance, to protect Caenorhabditis elegans from being damaged by Vibrio anguillarum. Combined with plate counting and transmission electron microscopy, it was found that strain ML1206 could significantly inhibit Vibrio anguillarum colonization in the intestinal tract of Caenorhabditis elegans. Acute oral toxicity tests in mice showed that ML1206 was safe and non-toxic. The real-time qPCR results showed a higher expression level of genes related to the antibacterial peptide (ilys-3) and detoxification (ugt-22, cyp-35A3, and cyp-14A3) in the group of Caenorhabditis elegans protected by ML1206 compared to the control group. It is speculated that ML1206, as a potential probiotic, may inhibit the infection caused by Vibrio anguillarum through stimulating Caenorhabditis elegans to secrete antibacterial effectors and detoxification proteins. This paper provides a new direction for screening marine probiotics and an experimental basis to support the potential application of ML1206 as a marine probiotic in aquaculture.

Endometrial cancer is one of the three most common malignant tumors in the female reproductive system. Advanced and recurrent endometrial cancers have poor prognoses and lack effective treatments. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been applied to many different types of tumors, and they can selectively kill tumor cells that are defective in homologous recombination repair. Endometrial cancer is characterized by mutations in homologous recombination repair genes; accordingly, PARP inhibitors have achieved positive results in off-label treatments of endometrial cancer cases. Clinical trials of PARP inhibitors as monotherapies and within combination therapies for endometrial cancer are ongoing. For this review, we searched PubMed with “endometrial cancer” and “PARP inhibitor” as keywords, and we used “olaparib”, “rucaparib”, “niraparib” and “talazoparib” as search terms in clinicaltrials.gov for ongoing trials. The literature search ended in October 2020, and only English-language publications were selected. Multiple studies confirm that PARP inhibitors play an important role in killing tumor cells with defects in homologous recombination repair. Its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors, cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors, and other drugs can improve the treatment of endometrial cancer.

Due to the huge computational cost of the limit state function, an approximate model is generally used to replace the limit state function in engineering reliability analysis. In this paper, weighted least squared support vector regression method, which is originally proposed to enhance the robustness of LSSVR, is introduced to reliability analysis. A weighting function that increases the importance of the training samples around the failure surface is proposed. In addition, sequential modeling strategy is combined in the method to further reduce the number of training samples required. The most probable point (MPP) is sampled to identify the region with high densities of probabilities, and the greatest gradient point (GGP) on the failure surface is sampled to identify the nonlinear region. A WLSSVR method based on MPP-GGP sequential sampling is established and tested on an uncertainty-based flutter analysis problem of composite wing. The results show that the proposed method which keeps a balance between the global and local approximate is very efficiency on solving the engineering reliability analysis problem.

This investigation was carried out to offer insight into the formation and antioxidant activity of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) derived from various sugar-amino acid model systems active in the roasting of sesame seeds. Reducing sugars (glucose, fructose, and xylose) and amino acids (serine, cystine, arginine, and lysine) present in sesame seeds were used to prepare the MRPs at various reaction times, and then the effect of reaction time on the MRPs derived from the various model systems was investigated. Within the first 15 min, the amounts of free amino groups decreased around 40% remaining amino groups of Lys-sugar model and around 75% remaining amino groups of Arg-sugar model. Results indicated that reducing sugar and free amino groups decreased obviously in Lys- and Arg-model systems. Based on correlation coefficient of antioxidant activities assessment and MRP formation in the Lys- and Arg-model systems above 0.978 and an extremely significant correlation in Pearson test exists, a conclusion could be made that these model systems are critical contributing factors in MRP formation during the roasting of sesame seeds. These findings offer insight into the formation and antioxidation of MRPs during the sesame seeds roasting.

The appearance of the spurious absorption frequencies caused by the frequency conversion process at the broadband THz pulse propagation in a medium is theoretically and experimentally discussed. The spurious absorption frequencies appear due to both the frequency doubling and generation of waves with sum or difference frequency. Such generation might occur because of the nonlinear response of a medium or its non-instantaneous response. This phenomenon is confirmed by the results of a few physical experiments provided with the THz CW signals and broadband THz pulses that are transmitted through the ordinary or dangerous substances. A high correlation between the time-dependent spectral intensities for the basic frequency and generated frequencies is demonstrated while using the computer simulation results. This feature of the frequency conversion might be used for the detection and identification of a substance.

This paper presents the simulation results of the oscillation modes excited in the interaction space of an anode block of a magnetron and the azimuthal distributions of a longitudinal electric component of the RF field for either of the excited modes. Using CST code, there were considered available anode blocks with different configurations of the resonators: a rising sun anode block and a rising sun hole-and-slot anode block. The dispersion characteristics and distributions of the azimuthal components of the RF field for different geometrics of their cavities as applied to the X- and Ku-bands are given. The condition of acceptable separation both in frequency and in phase velocity between the operating JV/2 -mode (or 7T-mode) and neighboring (JV/2 - l)-mode has been determined. It suggested that the mechanism of forming the total RF field connects with possible interference of the RF fields excited severally in the resonant system consisting of the small and large cavities. The features design of the magnetrons with two energy outputs is presented, and their application in practice is determined. The results of the simulation are in good agreement with the experiment.

Three new species of the Stegana (Oxyphortica) convergens species group are described from South China: S. (O.) gonglui Wang and Chen, sp. nov., S. (O.) xiaoyangae Zhang and Chen, sp. nov., and S. ...

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile and halophilic bacterium, designated N53T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern in Wendeng, China. Cells of strain N53T were 0.3–0.4 µm wide and 2.0–5.5 µm long, catalase-positive and oxidase-positive. The bacterium grew optimally at 33 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 6.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Bacteriochlorophyll a was not found. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain N53T formed a phylogenetic lineage with members of the genus Roseovarius. Strain N53T exhibited the highest levels of similarity to Roseovarius pacificus (94.6 %) and Roseovarius confluentis (94.6 %), with a lower level to Roseovarius tolerans was 94.0 %. The percentage of conserved proteins and average nucleotide identity values between N53T and the type strain of the type species, Roseovarius tolerans , were 66.1 and 76.4 %, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content was 68.1 mol%. The sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>10 %) were C18 : 1ω7c (54.0 %) and C16 : 0 (17.9 %). The polar lipids of strain N53T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminolipid, two unidentified phospholipids and two unidentified glycolipids. The differential phenotypic properties, together with the chemotaxonomic and genomic distinctiveness, revealed that strain N53T was separate from other recognized species of the genus Roseovarius. On the basis of the data presented here, strain N53T represents a novel species of the genus Roseovarius , for which the name Roseovarius salinarum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is N53T (=MCCC 1H00200T=KCTC 52886T).

Assessment of crop health status in real time could provide reliable and useful information for making effective and efficient management decisions regarding the appropriate time and method to control crop diseases and insect damage. In this study, hyperspectral reflectance of symptomatic and asymptomatic rice leaves infected by Pyricularia grisea Sacc, Bipolaris oryzae Shoem, Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guen was measured in a laboratory within the 350–2 500 nm spectral region. Principal component analysis was performed to obtain the principal component spectra (PCs) of different transformations of the original spectra, including original (R), common logarithm of reciprocal (lg (1/R)), and the first derivative of original and common logarithm of reciprocal spectra (R′ and (lg (1/R))′). A probabilistic neural network classifier was applied to discriminate the symptomatic rice leaves from asymptomatic ones with the front PCs. For identifying symptomatic and asymptomatic rice leaves, the mean overall discrimination accuracies for R, lg (1/R), R′ and (lg (1/R))′ were 91.3, 93.1, 92.3 and 92%, and the mean Kappa coefficients were 0.771, 0.835, 0.829 and 0.82, respectively. To discriminate between disease and insect damage, the overall accuracies for R, lg (1/R), R′ and (lg (1/R))′ were 97.7, 98.1, 100 and 100%, and the Kappa coefficients were 0.962, 0.97, 1 and 1, respectively. These results demonstrated that hyperspectral remote sensing can discriminate between multiple diseases and the insect damage of rice leaves under laboratory conditions.

Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), an important supplemental dietary fiber, has been used as food ingredient in many industries. In this study, a novel β-mannanase gene (RmMan5A) from Rhizomucor miehei was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris and subjected for PHGG production. Enzyme activity of fermentation supernatant reached 85,200UmL-1 after 168h high cell density fermentation. The purified RmMan5A exhibited the highest enzyme activity at pH 7.0 and 65°C. RmMan5A was then employed for guar gum hydrolysis and PHGG obtained demonstrated a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 2.5×104Da. Total dietary fiber accounted 90.6% of PHGG and 24.9% (w/w) of PHGG were identified as manno-oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization

A novel, Gram-stain-positive, moderately halophilic, endospore-forming, motile, facultatively anaerobic and rod-shaped strain, designated 0W14T, was isolated from a marine saltern of Wendeng, China. Optimal growth occurred at 37 °C, pH 7.5 and with 6.0 % (w/v) NaCl. MK-7 was the sole respiratory quinone and the peptidoglycan type of 0W14T was A4β l-Orn–d-Glu. The major cellular fatty acid (>10.0 %) in strain 0W14T was anteiso-C15 : 0. The polar lipid profile of strain 0W14T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two unknown glycolipids and four unknown phospholipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of the strain was 44.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 0W14T forms a phylogenetic lineage with members of the genus Lentibacillus within the family Bacillaceae . Based on data from the current polyphasic study, the isolate is proposed to represent a novel species of genus Lentibacillus , for which the name Lentibacillus sediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 0W14T (=KCTC 33835T=MCCC 1H00171T).

A series of experimental tests were conducted in a 1/9 reduced-scale tunnel to investigate the effect of sealing ratio (which is equal to the sealing height divided by the tunnel entrance height) on combustion process and temperature field of liquid pool fires in tunnel using methanol as fuel. The two tunnel entrances were sealed symmetrically with different ratios (such as 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) in the tests. In addition, fuel area was also considered. Temperatures inside tunnel and near the entrance were measured together with the mass loss rate of fuel. The results demonstrate that during the sealing process, the ceiling temperature inside tunnel varies versus sealing ratio, which is primarily due to the comprehensive effect between the heat loss by the hot smoke flowing out of tunnel entrance and the heat produced by combustion significantly related to ventilation, and both the above two factors are related to the open area of tunnel entrance. The possible depression effect related to the fuel area of sealing on combustion was observed in the experiment. Moreover, there exists a critical sealing ratio closely related to the fuel area, at which the ceiling temperature inside tunnel would reach the maximum. And the larger the fuel area is, the lower the critical sealing ratio would be. Additionally, the dimension and temperature of the fire plume near tunnel entrance, which is always a serious threat to the firefighters in real tunnel fire, were also obtained and analyzed.

THz TDS is one of tools, which can be effective for the security problem solution. As a rule, the detection and identification of substance is based on the spectral fingerprints: absorption frequencies of substance. To detect the substance, it is necessary to compare its absorption frequencies with those from database which contains the absorption frequencies of various substance. Therefore, a role of this data is one of the keys for the problem solution. As follows from analysis of papers, the measurements of the absorption frequencies were provided by using broadband THz pulse. Due to essential non-stationary response of a medium as well as broadband spectrum of the THz pulse, in the spectrum of pulse, transmitted through a substance, many additional frequencies appear. Among them maybe appear “false” absorption frequencies, appearance of which is caused by frequency conversion processes, as well as the frequencies, corresponding to a substance emission because of a high energy levels excitation due to the cascade mechanism. Both these mechanisms of the spectrum transformation strongly depend on the incident pulse duration. Another additional factor resulting in observing of the false absorption frequencies is disordered (or ordered) packing for the substance. In THz range of frequencies, the most part of the packing is a disordered photonic structure and developing of the strategy to avoid its influence on the efficiency of detection and identification of substance is a key problem. We discuss once more approach for solving this problem in this paper.

Background In recent years, cold-pressed oils have become more and more popular with consumers. However, their oxidative stability is low. Improving the oxidative stability of cold-pressed oils will increase their shelf life. Maillard reaction products (MRPs) have been shown to promote the oxidative stability of lipids. In this study, products from the Maillard reaction of reducing sugars and sesame enzymatically hydrolyzed protein (SEHP) were added to cold-pressed sesame oils to improve their oxidative stability. Results Three types of MRPs from reducing sugars (xylose, fructose, and glucose) and SEHP were prepared. Xylose-SEHP MRPs prepared under optimum conditions had the highest antioxidant activities among the three. The optimum conditions for xylose-SEHP were as follows: reaction temperature, 130 °C; reaction time, 180 min; pH, 6.5; and sugar/protein ratio, 10:1. The addition of xylose-SEHP MRPs at a level of 20 g kg-1 could significantly improve the oxidative stability of cold-pressed sesame oil. Besides, the addition of MRPs reduced the loss of tocopherol. The interaction of MRPs with endogenous antioxidants in the sesame oil (sesamol and tocopherol) was proved by comparison with lard. There was a synergistic increase in antioxidant activity for the combination of MRPs and sesamol and the combination of MRPs and tocopherol. Conclusions The results provide evidence that adding certain MRPs can improve the oxidative stability of cold-pressed sesame oil. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is typical of uncontrolled and clonal growth of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, then leads to primary symptoms related to bone narrow infiltration and destruction bone lesion. The term of extramedullary plasmacytoma is used to defined malignant plasma cells are found out of the bone marrow. In this study, we reported a rare duodenum plasmacytoma accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms.

Hybrid TiO2 nanowire–nanotube structure was synthesized by a facile anodization on Ti substrate. To study the origin and evolution of TiO2 nanotubes, the morphology of TiO2 nanotubes was investigated. It was found that nanotubes corrode gradually into nanowires, and the critical time was about 8.5 h after the beginning of anodization. Uniform nanotubes were obtained by ultrasonic cleaning. It was demonstrated experimentally that the inner diameter of TiO2 nanotube increased with the extension of anodization time, but the outer diameter of TiO2 nanotubes, which were fabricated under different anodization time, was almost the same.

A new sulfonyl radical-triggered 6-endo-trig cyclization of unactivated 1,5-enynes under catalytic oxidation conditions for flexible synthesis of unprecedented unsymmetrical diaryl sulfones was established. This transformation could also proceed smoothly using 2-arylalkynyl-1,1′-biphenyls, delivering new sulfonylated phenanthrenes. The synthetic utility of these transformations results in subsequent C–S and C–C bond-forming reactions to effectively build up functional sulfones with potential significance.

Excess spectroscopy was proposed following the idea of excess thermodynamic functions. It is complementary to classical excess functions because it provides rich information on molecular interactions. In this review, we introduce in detail the concept of excess spectroscopy and the measurement of excess spectra for the case of infrared spectroscopy. We then describe the merits of using excess spectroscopy to enhance apparent spectral resolution, judge the non-ideality of mixtures, determine the selectivity of molecular interactions, identify distinct species or clusters in solutions, and provide information related to charge distributions in molecules. Following this, we review the progress in methodology where excess spectroscopy is extended to partial molar excess spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The extension of binary mixtures to pseudo binary mixtures and/or liquid samples to solid samples is also described. Finally, we discuss several recent applications of excess spectroscopy in the study of hydrogen-bonding interactions in ionic liquidmolecular solvent systems, halogen-bonding interactions in benzene derivative-dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) mixtures, and interactions between inorganic cations/anions and water molecules. Clearly, excess spectroscopy has opened a new window through which we can view rich information about molecular interactions. 物理化学学报(Wuli Huaxue Xuebao) January Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2016, 32 (1), 239–248 239 [Review] doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201511241 www.whxb.pku.edu.cn Received: October 19, 2015; Revised: November 23, 2015; Published on Web: November 24, 2015. *Corresponding author. Email: yuzhw@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; Tel: +86-10-62792492. The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21133009, 21473099). 国家自然科学基金(21133009, 21473099)资助项目 ©Editorial office of Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

The rapid growth in automobile production in China during the past few decades has caused numerous tires to be scrapped, and their disposal has become a significant challenge. This study proposes a Triple Exponential Smoothing prediction model to predict the supply of waste tires in 2019–2023, and the demand for these tires in three road construction scenarios. In addition, performance analysis is conducted to evaluate the carbon emissions produced in the production process of crumb rubber, modified asphalt, and styrene–butadiene–styrene modified asphalt. The reduction potential of carbon emissions when using crumb rubber for road construction is measured to contribute to the sustainable management of waste tires. The results demonstrate that the prediction model employed for prediction of waste tire production is robust, and the prediction results can be used to evaluate waste tire recycling. In addition, crumb rubber can be used as an efficient and environmentally friendly method for recycling end-of-life tires. Expanding the proportion of rubber powder asphalt application is an effective method for balancing the supply and demand contradiction of crumb rubber. Moreover, the potential for energy savings and emissions reduction, in addition to the economic benefits of using crumb rubber modified asphalt, are significantly higher than those employing styrene–butadiene–styrene modified asphalt. These results indicate the possibility of a circular economy and decreased dependence on non-renewable asphalt resources.