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Objective: To evaluate the potential use of digital and reconstructed three-dimensional printed models as an alternative to conventional plaster models by assessing the accuracy of their linear measurements.

Surface modification and biomimetic approaches have been widely used to enhance bioinert substances. It is not very clear whether surface alterations and polymer coatings on titanium make it more biologically active and enhance cell adhesion. We tried to focus on the physical and biological characterization of surface‐modified titanium disks. Four different surface modifications were done for the titanium disks, ranging from acid etching, sandblasting, polydopamine coating, and polydopamine‐based chitosan coating, and were compared with disks without any surface modification. The disks were studied for physical characteristics like surface roughness and contact angle. Human gingival fibroblasts were used to investigate the biological effects of surface modification of titanium alloy surfaces. The wettability of chitosan‐coated, acid‐etched, and polydopamine‐coated titanium was much better than that of the sandblasted surface, indicating that surface energy was higher for acid‐etched and coated surfaces than others. The cell seeding with fibroblasts showed increased adhesion to the smoother surfaces as compared to the rougher surfaces. Polydopamine coatings on titanium disks showed the most favorable physical and biological properties compared to others and can be a good surface coating for in vivo implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

White spot lesions are the most common iatrogenic effect observed post orthodontic treatment. These white spot lesions are opacities observed on the tooth surface that occur due to demineralization of the enamel surface. Since this is an irreversible effect, it becomes a great burden to both the orthodontic practitioners as well as patients to undo this lesion. It has been demonstrated that Streptococcus mutans, plays a crucial role in the initiation of white spot lesions by contributing to demineralisation of teeth, as the pH of the oral environment declines. The aim of this review is to discuss about the retraction mechanism in orthodontics and to discuss in. The aim of this review article is to discuss the coating methods to fabricate antibacterial coatings and understand their application for coating orthodontic materials. The coated orthodontic materials help to reduce the growth of the oral bacteria thus preventing the formation of white spot lesions. The various coating methods followed by different approaches to coat the orthodontic archwires, brackets, TADS, adhesives, retainer, elastic and bands and clear aligners have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The airflow behaviour and particle deposition before and after the maxillary expansion are evaluated using the computational fluid dynamics method. A pediatric patient was subjected to maxillary expansion and the CT scans of pre and post were recorded. The procured CT scans were developed into 3D models using Materialise MIMICS 21.0 (Materialise, Ann Arbor, MI). The analysis was performed using ANSYS FLUENT 2020 R2 with three different flow rates defined at the nostril inlet as 5, 10, and 15 LPM. The surface area and nasal volume increased by 5.1% and 16.5%, respectively, for the post-maxillary expansion case. The velocity profiles show a maximum value at the nasal valve regions followed by a decreased velocity in the mid-nasal region with an 85% lower velocity observed at the nasal valve for the post-maxillary expansion case. The nasal resistance and pressure drop decrease by 46% to 66% in post-maxillary expansion cases. The maximum WSS at the nasal valve region is observed which is reduced by around 47% for postmaxillary expansion cases. Particle deposition studies show a reduction in particle depositions in post cases indicating a greater number of inhaled particles reaching the lungs. The pressure drop and the nasal resistance values were reduced by more than 50% for post-maxillary expansion. The particle deposition studies show increased depositions at higher flow rates for both cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D printing is one of the immediate emerging and fastest growing trends in medicine and dentistry. In contrast to traditional method of subtractive manufacturing, 3D printing is an additive manufacturing method in which a item is made by laying down successive layer of material. Complex anatomical structures can be printed using high resolution resin with great precision. Commonly used techniques in dentistry are stereolithography, fused deposition modelling, selective laser printing. These techniques are used in orthodontics, cutting guides and drills, implantology. With the advent of 3D imaging and modelling technology there is significantly increased rate of success in implantology and surgery with the use of custom-made drills and guides, there is marked increase in accuracy and quality of work. This review paper includes the various technologies, advances of 3D printing and its dental applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In healthcare facilities around the world, a considerable volume of non-infected material is generated, yet only a small percentage is recycled. The COVID-19 outbreak has also highlighted the rising demand for non-infected materials in the healthcare industry, especially in dental practice. As a result, a new standard must be adopted in a sustainable manner, incorporating the recycling potential of widely used materials in an Orthodontic/Dental practise. Following the outbreak of the Corona virus, there have been significant modifications in orthodontic/dental practice, ranging from the use of personal protective equipment by healthcare providers to the insertion of materials in patients' mouths to the alteration of treatment plans and patient care. With newer recycling technology, 'Recycling a New Normal' has played a critical role. This review covers the recycling process of various materials used in orthodontic practise and how routine Orthodontic/Dental practice is embracing novel approaches to deal with the epidemic. Newer recycling methods for reconditioning various materials in Orthodontic/Dental practice have resulted in improvements in the healthcare industry that are both environmentally friendly and beneficial to the doctor-patient relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim- The aim of this review is to discuss about the retraction mechanism in orthodontics and to discuss in detail regarding the mechanism of action and their application in orthodontics. Objective- To list out the difference types of retraction mechanics used and their merits and demerits Background- The basic principle of retraction mechanism can be used in orthodontic space closure involving retracing the canine initially followed by remaining anterior teeth or entire anterior teeth can be retracted at once using intra or extra oral anchorage. They are broadly classified into friction and frictionless mechanism. Once the extraction of the teeth has been done, the orthodontist must choose the procedure to retract the teeth based on the demand of the case. This article provides the basic information of both the mechanics and their application in orthodontics. Reason- This review mainly done for better assessment and benefits of retraction mechanics and its appliances [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Whitening of teeth is a popular choice among dental clinicians and patients. However, the changes in enamel structure and composition induced by the bleaching agents cause a decrease in the shear bond strength of brackets leading to premature bracket debonding. Among several methods to overcome this, the most common is delaying bonding by 2-4 weeks. This waiting period can be eliminated by applying an antioxidant (sodium ascorbate) which causes a reversal in the reduction of bond strength.Aim: This study aims to compare the efficacy of a naturally occurring antioxidant (gooseberry) and sodium ascorbate in normalizing the bond strength of enamel to prebleached levels.Materials and Methods: Seventy-two extracted premolars were divided into 4 equal groups; 1st group - control group - unbleached teeth, bonded directly, 2nd group - bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide (8 h for 1 week), then bonded. 3rd and 4th group - similarly bleached, followed by application of 10% sodium ascorbate and gooseberry extract (3 h respectively), then bonded. Bond strength was checked using Instron Universal Testing Machine.Results: The bond strength of the control group was the highest and that of the carbamide group was drastically reduced. Considerable increase in the bond strength was seen after treatment with sodium ascorbate with negligible difference between sodium ascorbate and control group (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Treatment with gooseberry extract did improve the bond strength but was not as effective as sodium ascorbate postbleaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperdontia amounts to an odontostomatologic anomaly wherein, there is an increase in tooth number irrespective of the location. This case report represents a form of hyperdontia characterized by bilateral multiple supernumerary teeth in both the jaws without any evident familial history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study compared the accuracy and speed of cephalometric analysis using an artificial intelligence web-based method and a smartphone app-based system with manual cephalometric analysis as the reference standard., Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the lateral cephalograms were analysed using four methods: manual tracing, smartphone app tracing, artificial intelligence web-based automated tracing without manual landmark identification correction and artificial intelligence web-based automated tracing with manual landmark identification correction. The principal investigator obtained linear and angular cephalometric measurements to compare the accuracies of the four methods being assessed. Additionally, the duration required for landmark identification and subsequent analysis was recorded., Results: The analyses included 40 lateral cephalograms that were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Very good to excellent agreement was observed in the accuracies of the artificial intelligence web-based and smartphone app-based systems compared with manual tracing (interclass correlation coefficient values ranging from 0.707 to 0.9, p < 0.001). Of the artificial intelligence web-based systems, the method without correction of automated landmark detection showed less reliable measurements than the other methods. Cephalometric analysis using artificial intelligence web-based and smartphone app-based systems consumed less time than manual tracing ( p < 0.001)., Conclusions: Artificial intelligence web-based automated tracing with manual landmark identification correction and smartphone-based app provide results that are comparable to those from the manual tracing method. However, artificial intelligence web-based systems require improvements in terms of automated landmark identification to obtain results that are similar to those from the other methods being assessed. Key words: Artificial Intelligence, Cephalometry, Computer software, Mobile application., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest None., (Copyright: © 2024 Medicina Oral S.L.)

Introduction: Whitening of teeth is a popular choice among dental clinicians and patients. However, the changes in enamel structure and composition induced by the bleaching agents cause a decrease in the shear bond strength of brackets leading to premature bracket debonding. Among several methods to overcome this, the most common is delaying bonding by 2-4 weeks. This waiting period can be eliminated by applying an antioxidant (sodium ascorbate) which causes a reversal in the reduction of bond strength., Aim: This study aims to compare the efficacy of a naturally occurring antioxidant (gooseberry) and sodium ascorbate in normalizing the bond strength of enamel to prebleached levels., Materials and Methods: Seventy-two extracted premolars were divided into 4 equal groups; 1 st group - control group - unbleached teeth, bonded directly, 2 nd group - bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide (8 h for 1 week), then bonded. 3 rd and 4 th group - similarly bleached, followed by application of 10% sodium ascorbate and gooseberry extract (3 h respectively), then bonded. Bond strength was checked using Instron Universal Testing Machine., Results: The bond strength of the control group was the highest and that of the carbamide group was drastically reduced. Considerable increase in the bond strength was seen after treatment with sodium ascorbate with negligible difference between sodium ascorbate and control group (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: Treatment with gooseberry extract did improve the bond strength but was not as effective as sodium ascorbate postbleaching., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest

Dental identification plays a key role in mass casualties and is usually based on disturbances of tooth eruption, malocclusions and/or previous dental treatments, changes brought about by age, pathological conditions and developmental disturbances. Tooth transposition is a disturbance of tooth eruption and is defined as change in the position of two adjacent teeth within the same quadrant. This review aims to discuss the prevalence and the etiology of transposition through a literature survey and to discuss its importance and implications as pertaining to the field of forensics. In summary, transposition is a rare and severe positional anomaly that represents a challenge for a dentist. It requires a keen eye on the part of the forensic pathologist to identify the condition.