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3. The Burden of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Attributable Risk Factors in Iran, 1990-2019: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Author

Peimani, Maryam, Esfahani, Zahra, Bandarian, Fatemeh, Esmaeili, Shahnaz, Moghaddam, Sahar, Namazi, Nazli, Koolaji, Sogol, Stewart, Anita, Ebrahimi, Narges, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Nazila, Farzadfar, Farshad, Nasli-Esfahani, Ensieh, and Larijani, Bagher

Subjects
Disability-adjusted life years, Global burden of disease, Risk factors, Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study presents estimates for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) burden and attributable risk factors in Iran from 1990-2019, using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. METHODS: This study reports prevalence, incidence, death, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) of T2DM in Iran, by sex, age, and province, from 1990 to 2019. We also present the T2DM burden attributable to risk factors. Results are reported in absolute number and age-standardized rates. RESULTS: Overall, the burden of T2DM had increased greatly since 1990. In 2019, the T2DM incidence and prevalence cases were 291,482 (a 374% increase) and 5,035,012 (a 417% increase) respectively. Moreover, the number of death and DALYs were 14,191 (a 488% increase) and 716,457 (a 417% increase) respectively. DALYs and YLDs in women were consistently higher than men were, whereas women experienced slower increases in YLLs from 1990 to 2019. The age-standardized DALYs rate increased for all Iranian provinces during study period. High body-mass index, ambient particulate matter pollution, and low physical activity remained the three major attributable risk factors in all provinces in 2019. CONCLUSION: T2DM constitutes a major health burden in Iran. The remarkable upsurge in the T2DM burden represents an ongoing challenge, given the rapidly aging population in Iran. Thus, integrated and multi-sectoral actions that decrease exposure to risk factors and improve the prevention and early diagnosis are needed.

Published
2024

13. An Overview of Zebrafish Modeling Methods in Drug Discovery and Development

Author

Larijani, Bagher, Hamidpour, Shayesteh Kokabi, Tayanloo-Beik, Akram, Shahbazbadr, Ainaz, Yavari, Hanieh, Namazi, Nazli, Biglar, Mahmood, Arjmand, Babak, Crusio, Wim E., Series Editor, Dong, Haidong, Series Editor, Radeke, Heinfried H., Series Editor, Rezaei, Nima, Series Editor, Steinlein, Ortrud, Series Editor, Xiao, Junjie, Series Editor, and Turksen, Kursad, editor

Published
2022
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23. Iranian Multi-center Osteoporosis Study (IMOS), 2021–2022: the study protocol

Author

Khalagi, Kazem, Fahimfar, Noushin, Hajivalizadeh, Fatemeh, Sanjari, Mahnaz, Mansourzadeh, Mohammad Javad, Gharibzadeh, Safoora, Shafiee, Gita, Kamali, Koorosh, Alaeddini, Farshid, Farzadfar, Farshad, Mohseni, Samaneh, Namazi, Nazli, Razi, Farideh, Gorgani, Kobra, Kateb Saber, Katayoun, Panahi, Nekoo, Heshmat, Ramin, Raeisi, Alireza, Larijani, Bagher, and Ostovar, Afshin

Published
2022
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32. Berberine-induced glucagon-like peptide-1 and its mechanism for controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive pathway review.

Author

Araj-Khodaei, Mostafa, Ayati, Mohammad Hossein, Azizi Zeinalhajlou, Akbar, Novinbahador, Tannaz, Yousefi, Mehdi, Shiri, Mahdi, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, Shamekh, Ali, Namazi, Nazli, and Sanaie, Sarvin

Subjects
TYPE 2 diabetes, GUT microbiome, BERBERINE, CYTOCHROME c, SCIENCE databases, CELLULAR signal transduction
Abstract

Introduction: A growing number of studies have thus far showed the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and the intestinal microbiome homoeostasis. As reported, the gut microflora can be significantly different in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) compared to those in healthy individuals. Methods: The authors collected the relevant articles published until 2022 and these are carefully selected from three scientific databases based on keywords. Discussion: This review highlights research on the anti-diabetic properties of berberine (BBR)-induced glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), as a glucose-lowering factor and a balance regulator in the microbial flora of the intestines, which plays an important role in adjusting the signalling pathways affecting insulin secretion. Results: Considering the anti-diabetic characteristics of the BBR-induced GLP-1, BBR makes a promising complementary treatment for reducing the clinical symptoms of DM by reducing the hyperglycaemia. Berberin might be a safe and effective drug for T2DM with little or no adverse effects. HIGHLIGHTS: Berberine induces GLP-1 insulin secretion by PLC2 pathway in the intestinal Berberine-induced GLP-1 decreases mitochondrial stress and relocates cytochrome c out of the mitochondria. Berberine induces GLP-1 secretion in the intestine by altering the bacterial profile, thus could possibly lighten diabetes symptoms Berberine-induced SCFA production, SCFA causes GLP-1 secretion from the intestinal L-Cell. Preventing mitochondrial damage, reducing adipose tissue fat, and reducing oxidative stress are thus among the results of BBR-induced GLP-1. The lower costs of BBR, and its limited side effects and higher availability, make it a promising supplementary medicine for DM [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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33. Dietary calcium intake among Iranian adults: Iranian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (IMOS-2021).

Author

Ghazbani, Arash, Namazi, Nazli, Mansourzadeh, Mohammad Javad, Khalagi, Kazem, Ostovar, Navid, Sanjari, Mahnaz, Panahi, Nekoo, Razi, Farideh, Hajivalizadeh, Fatemeh, Hajivalizadeh, Sepideh, Hesari, Elahe, Aghakhani, Amirhossein, Farzadfar, Farshad, Raiesi, Alireza, Fahimfar, Noushin, and Ostovar, Afshin

Subjects
*DIETARY calcium, *FOOD consumption, *BONE health, *IRANIANS, *OLDER women
Abstract

Background: Adequate dietary consumption of calcium is crucial in the preservation of bone health and the prevention of osteoporosis. This study investigated the prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake among individuals aged ≥50 years in Iran. Methods: We analyzed data from the Iranian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (IMOS-2021). Participants aged 50 years and older completed a 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Insufficient dietary calcium intake was characterized as a daily calcium intake of <1000 mg for men aged 50–70 years, and <1200 mg for men over 70 years and women over 50 years and older. Stata v17 statistical software facilitated a survey set analysis to estimate the population's mean and median dietary calcium intake and the prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake. Results: The study included 1450 participants with a mean age of 60.7±7.9 years. The estimated mean dietary calcium intake in Iran was 1062.7 mg/day (95% CI: 1029.6–1095.8), with a median intake of 943.5 mg/d (95% CI: 910.5–976.4). The prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake in Iran was estimated to be 62.9% (95% CI: 60.0%-65.7%). Notably, the prevalence was higher among women at 75.5% (95% CI: 71.9%-78.8%), compared to men at 47.8% (95% CI: 43.4%-52.3%) with a significant difference (P<0.001). In age-related findings, individuals aged 65 years and older had a higher prevalence of insufficient intake, at 69.0% (95% CI: 63.9%-74.0%), versus those under 65 years, at 60.3% (95% CI: 56.9%-63.8%), with this difference being statistically significant (P = 0.007). Furthermore, a significant inverse relationship was identified between both educational years and socioeconomic status and the prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake (Ps for trends<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings revealed a significant prevalence of insufficient dietary calcium intake in women and those aged 65 and older. We advocate for targeted public health strategies to ensure sufficient dietary calcium intake across these populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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