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Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal-based emotion classification is vital in the ever-growing human-computer interface (HCI) applications. However, the chaotic, non-stationary, and person-dependent nature of EEG signals often limits such practical applications. These challenges reduce the ability of the state-of-the-art approaches to effectively distinguish between different emotional states from EEG data, resulting in sub-optimal emotion recognition performance. This work presented a time-frequency (T-F) analysis of EEG signals to localize different EEG frequency rhythms responsible for emotion-related information in the EEG signals. In particular, this work investigated two T-F analysis domains for multichannel EEG signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) and local mean decomposition (LMD) to extract entropy features that capture specific emotion-relevant traits from the specific EEG channels that are highly responsive to emotions. The CEEMDAN and LMD decompose the EEG signals into different EEG frequency rhythms called mode functions, intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and product functions (PFs), respectively. Further, various types of entropy feature of these two categories of mode functions, such as approximate entropy (ApEn), sample entropy (SaEn), permutation entropy (PeEn), and bubble entropy (BuEn), are computed for extracting emotion-relevant distinguishing features. Entropy features help quantify EEG’s non-linear behavior and eventually help classify EEG-based emotions precisely. Emotion classification has been achieved using a grid search cross-validation (GSCV) optimized XGboost classifier. Thorough experimentations are conducted to validate the efficacy of the proposed approach on publically accessible datasets named Database for Emotion Analysis of Physiological Signals (DEAP), SJTU emotion EEG dataset (SEED), and SEED-IV. The efficacy of the proposed emotion recognition approach is measured in terms of widely used performance metrics such as accuracy, confusion metrics, receiver operating characteristics (RoC), and area under the curve (AuC). The highest average accuracy is attained using the proposed LMD-domain BuEn features, i.e., 97.8%, 98.6%, and 95.7% using SEED, SEED-IV, and DEAP databases, respectively, outperforming the recent state-of-the-art emotion recognition algorithms.

IntroductionResponding to the need for innovative, multi-modal, non-pharmacological strategies in chronic low back pain (cLBP) care, this article presents the development and a mixed methods feasibility trial of a manualized Mindfulness-based Dance/Movement Therapy (M-DMT) program for cLBP. The 12-week program is designed as a group therapy, integrating mindfulness principles, creative/expressive dance and movement, and psychoeducational content focused on cLBP management. This holistic program seeks to cultivate nonjudgmental awareness of pain experiences, challenge maladaptive pain-related beliefs, enhance emotional well-being, foster social support, and promote effective coping strategies for the daily challenges associated with cLBP.MethodsThe 12-week M-DMT intervention was administered to individuals with non-specific cLBP (N = 18, aged 51.7 ± 13.9 years, 72% female, 55% Black and 39% White). We assessed feasibility and acceptability through monitoring enrollment and retention rates, attendance, and adverse events. Moreover, we measured the intervention's credibility/expectancy, participants' perception of changes, and overall satisfaction. Additionally, we collected qualitative data, capturing participants' perspectives on the intervention's usefulness and perceived benefits. Specific benchmarks were established to gauge the successful feasibility and acceptability of the program.ResultsThe adherence rate stood at 80%, with a perfect retention rate of 100%. The study successfully met the benchmarks for treatment acceptability and satisfaction criteria, with 61% of participants reporting “feeling better” or a “great deal better” after the intervention. No adverse events were observed. Participants found the intervention enjoyable and reported that it provided effective tools for cLBP and related symptoms. Notably, participants reported a decrease in fear-avoidance behaviors, increased motivation for physical activity, and a boost in self-efficacy for pain management.DiscussionThese encouraging findings establish a strong basis for considering the M-DMT intervention as a promising approach for cLBP management, warranting further investigation in larger-scale studies.

Mosquitoes (Family: Culicidae) are dominant vectors of pathogens, and their surveillance has been incorporated into major disease control programs worldwide. However, routine, species-level identification of mosquitoes is often a bottleneck for management, and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) platforms and DNA metabarcoding can revolutionize this process. MinION nanopore technologies promise on-site sequencing and rapid sample processing rates ideal for time-sensitive biosurveillance. Here, we benchmark the results of DNA metabarcoding on the MinION against the Illumina MiSeq platform, which is known for its higher sequencing accuracy. We used metazoan COI mini-barcode primers to carry out DNA metabarcoding of mosquito bulk samples caught during a real vector survey, then compared the mosquito species profiles recovered on each sequencing platform. We also tested the influence of using different trap lures, storage methods, and pooling different specimen body parts on the number of species recovered. We report that mosquito species-level identifications were highly congruent between MinION and Illumina (93% overlap). We also find that CO2 gas cylinders outperformed biogenic CO2 sources significantly, by two-fold. Notably, we demonstrated the feasibility of detecting zoonotic reservoirs and pathogen signals from mosquito bulk samples. We present the first use of DNA metabarcoding on the MinION for vector surveillance and discuss future applications.

Despite efforts to promote inclusivity in schools, ethnic bullying is a pervasive issue. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of empathy and cultural self efficacy within cross-cultural friendships to mitigate ethnic bullying. Violence prevention programs in the United States rely on didactic approaches and few include embodied approaches. Our goal was to examine the impact of dance/movement therapy (DMT) on empathy, peer relationships, and cultural self-efficacy among racially/ethnically diverse groups of middle school students using a mixed methods research design. Quantitative data did not demonstrate significant change in empathy, peer relationships, and cultural self-efficacy. Qualitative data described an increase in participants’ emotional intelligence including empathy, cultural self-efficacy, and positive cross-cultural relationships. Additional research is needed to determine the definitive impact of DMT on these outcomes.

In Huntington disease (HD), the mutant huntingtin (mtHTT) protein is the principal cause of pathological changes that initiate primarily along the cortico-striatal axis. mtHTT is ubiquitously expressed and there is, accordingly, growing recognition that HD is a systemic disorder with functional interplay between the brain and the periphery. We have developed a monoclonal antibody, C6–17, targeting an exposed region of HTT near the aa586 Caspase 6 cleavage site. As recently published, mAB C6–17 can block cell-to-cell propagation of mtHTT in vitro. In order to reduce the burden of the mutant protein in vivo, we queried whether extracellular mtHTT could be therapeutically targeted in YAC128 HD mice. In a series of proof of concept experiments, we found that systemic mAB C6–17 treatment resulted in the distribution of the mAB C6–17 to peripheral and CNS tissues and led to the reduction of HTT protein levels. Compared to CTRL mAB or vehicle treated mice, the mAB C6–17 treated YAC128 animals showed improved body weight and motor behaviors, a delayed progression in motor deficits and reduced striatal EM48 immunoreactivity. These results provide the first proof of concept for the feasibility and therapeutic efficacy of an antibody-based anti-HTT passive immunization approach and suggest this modality as a potential new HD treatment strategy.

Summary: Aedes albopictus is a successful disease vector due to its ability to survive in a wide range of habitats. Despite its ubiquity and impact on public health, little is known about its differential gene flow capabilities across different city habitats. We obtained a comprehensive dataset of >27,000 genome-wide DNA markers across 105 wild-caught Ae. albopictus individuals from Singapore, a dengue-endemic tropical city with heterogeneous landscapes from densely populated urban areas to forests. Despite Singapore’s challenging small-scale heterogeneity, our landscape-genomic approach indicated that dense urban areas are characterized by higher Aedes gene flow rates than managed parks and forests. We documented the incidence of Wolbachia infections of Ae. albopictus involving two strains (wAlbA and wAlbB). Our results dispel the misconception that substantial dispersal of Ae. albopictus is limited to urban greenery, with wide implications for vector management and critical insights into urban planning strategies to combat dengue transmission.

PURPOSETo describe the establishment of an oncology unit at the National Referral Hospital (NRH) in the Solomon Islands, a low-income nation in the South Pacific.METHODSA scoping visit was carried out in 2016 to assist in the development of coordinated cancer services and to establish a medical oncology unit at the NRH at the request of the Medical Superintendent. This was followed by an observership visit to Canberra by an NRH doctor training in oncology in 2017. After a request from the Solomon Islands Ministry of Health, the Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) arranged an in-country multidisciplinary mission under the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons/Royal Australasian College of Physicians Pacific Islands Program to help in the commissioning of the NRH Medical Oncology Unit in September 2018. Staff training and education sessions were held. The team, with the assistance of an Australian Volunteers International Pharmacist, has helped the NRH staff to develop localized Solomon Islands Oncology Guidelines. Donated equipment and supplies have helped with the initial establishment of the service. A second DFAT Oncology mission visit was made in 2019 followed by two NRH oncology nurses visiting Canberra on observership later that year and support of the Solomon's doctor to pursue postgraduate education in cancer sciences. Ongoing mentorship and support has been maintained.RESULTSThe island nation now has a sustainable oncology unit delivering chemotherapy treatments and management of patients with cancer.CONCLUSIONA collaborative multidisciplinary team approach by professionals from the high-income country working with colleagues from the low-income nation with coordination of different stakeholders was the key to this successful initiative in improving cancer care.

Introduction: In the quest of articulating customized tobacco cessation strategies, evaluation of the level of nicotine dependence among participants is quintessential. Objective: This study was conducted to assess the levels of nicotine dependence and its association with age and socioeconomic status among patients seeking oral health care at a teaching dental institution in coastal Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 199 participants with the habit of cigarette smoking who participated in the study. Nicotine dependence scores were assessed using Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). IBM SPSS version 20 software was used for data analysis. The Chi-square tests and Kruskal–Wallis analyses of variance were done to analyze the study data. P ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean FTND score was 4.52 ± 2.1. Significant differences in the mean nicotine dependence score were found between different age groups (P < 0.001) and participants belonging to different socioeconomic strata (P < 0.001). While a positive correlation was observed between age and FTND score, an inverse relation was noted between FTND score and socioeconomic status with participants from lower socioeconomic status demonstrating higher FTND scores. The majority of the participants reported smoking

Introduction: In spite of the efforts being directed at reducing the tobacco use among public, it remains a significant concern facing India today. In the quest of providing tobacco cessation counseling, documentation of the tobacco dependence of the individuals is quintessential. This study aims to assess the psychometric properties of the autonomy over smoking scale (AUTOS) among patients seeking oral health care at a teaching dental institution in southern India. Materials and Methods: The study sample constituted 199 subjects who satisfied the eligibility criteria of self-reported current smoking and were willing to participate in the study. Participants’ age, gender, and years of smoking were documented along with their nicotine dependence by administration of Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) and AUTOS by a trained interviewer. The dimensionality of AUTOS was verified by confirmatory factor analysis using the Classical and Bayesian Instrument Development software program. Correlation analysis between FTND and AUTOS subscale scores was performed along with multiple linear regression analyses to identify the predictors for AUTOS subscale scores. Results: The symptom type-wise subscales of AUTOS and the overall scale demonstrated good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach alpha ≥0.758). Significant positive correlation was observed between age, years of smoking, FTND score, and all the AUTOS subscale scores. Linear regression analyses showed that the number of years for which the subject had been smoking was a significant predictor of all the three AUTOS subscale scores. Conclusion: AUTOS was observed to be a very useful tool with good internal consistency reliability that measures tobacco dependence in consistence with FTND among South Indian population, and while doing so, it captures the various forms of tobacco dependence in an independent manner.

Introduction: Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a significant public health problem. The number of MDR-TB cases is very high in India and the management is inadequate due to resource constraints. The assessment of MDR-TB burden has to be reliable for programmatic management of MDR-TB under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) of India. Aim: To find the clinico-demographic profile and pattern of MDR-TB among the tuberculosis patients reporting to a nodal tuberculosis centre in Southern Odisha, India. Materials and Methods: The patient record based cross-sectional study was carried out on a convenience sample of 125 sputum positive MDR-TB cases admitted to the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) plus centre of the Nodal Tuberculosis Centre at Berhampur, Odisha, India, during the period from April 2017 to March 2018. A predesigned case record form was used to collect data on the socio-demographic profile, addictions, co-morbidity, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunisation status, pattern of drug resistance, history of anti-TB treatment, presenting symptoms at admission, adverse drug reactions observed during the treatment for MDR-TB. The data was analysed using GraphPad Prism trial version 7.0. Descriptive statistics were used to present the final data. Results: Highest number of study participants (95, 76%) were within 18-45 years age group and 90 (72%) of the patients were males. Rural habitation (90, 72%), engagement in labour works (65, 52%), low socio-economic status (75, 60%) were the common socio-economic characteristics. Resistance to rifampicin was the commonest variety 101 (80.8%) and 80 (64%) were newly diagnosed cases of tuberculosis. The commonest presenting symptom was cough in 97 (77.6%) patients and gastrointestinal upset was the commonest adverse drug reaction encountered during therapy. Conclusion: The MDR-TB affects the population in their most productive age. Rifampicin resistant TB was the predominant variety observed in the study population. The MDR-TB can be successfully treated with maximally effective and complete drug regimes.

Gene discovery has important implications for investigating phenotypic trait evolution, adaptation, and speciation. Male reproductive tissues, such as accessory glands (AGs), are hotspots for recruitment of novel genes that diverge rapidly even among closely related species/populations. These genes synthesize seminal fluid proteins that often affect post-copulatory sexual selection—they can mediate male-male sperm competition, ejaculate-female interactions that modify female remating and even influence reproductive incompatibilities among diverging species/populations. Although de novo transcriptomics has facilitated gene discovery in non-model organisms, reproductive gene discovery is still challenging without a reference database as they are often novel and bear no homology to known proteins. Here, we use reference-free GridION long-read transcriptomics, from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT), to discover novel AG genes and characterize their expression in the widespread dung fly, Sepsis punctum. Despite stark population differences in male reproductive traits (e.g.: Body size, testes size, and sperm length) as well as female re-mating, the male AG genes and their secretions of S. punctum are still unknown. We implement a de novo ONT transcriptome pipeline incorporating quality-filtering and rigorous error-correction procedures, and we evaluate gene sequence and gene expression results against high-quality Illumina short-read data. We discover highly-expressed reproductive genes in AG transcriptomes of S. punctum consisting of 40 high-quality and high-confidence ONT genes that cross-verify against Illumina genes, among which 26 are novel and specific to S. punctum. Novel genes account for an average of 81% of total gene expression and may be functionally relevant in seminal fluid protein production. For instance, 80% of genes encoding secretory proteins account for 74% total gene expression. In addition, median sequence similarities of ONT nucleotide and protein sequences match within-Illumina sequence similarities. Read-count based expression quantification in ONT is congruent with Illumina’s Transcript per Million (TPM), both in overall pattern and within functional categories. Rapid genomic innovation followed by recruitment of de novo genes for high expression in S. punctum AG tissue, a pattern observed in other insects, could be a likely mechanism of evolution of these genes. The study also demonstrates the feasibility of adapting ONT transcriptomics for gene discovery in non-model systems.

Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a trinucleotide repeat expansion in the HTT gene encoding an elongated polyglutamine tract in the huntingtin (HTT) protein. Expanded mutant HTT (mHTT) is toxic and leads to regional atrophy and neuronal cell loss in the brain, which occurs earliest in the striatum. Therapeutic lowering of mHTT in the central nervous system (CNS) has shown promise in preclinical studies, with multiple approaches currently in clinical development for HD. Quantitation of mHTT in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is being used as a clinical pharmacodynamic biomarker of target engagement in the CNS. We have previously shown that the CNS is a major source of mHTT in the CSF. However, little is known about the specific brain regions and cell types that contribute to CSF mHTT. Therefore, a better understanding of the origins of CSF mHTT and whether therapies targeting mHTT in the striatum would be expected to be associated with significant lowering of mHTT in the CSF is needed. Here, we use complementary pharmacological and genetic-based approaches to either restrict expression of mHTT to the striatum or selectively deplete mHTT in the striatum to evaluate the contribution of this brain region to mHTT in the CSF. We show that viral expression of a mHTT fragment restricted to the striatum leads to detectable mHTT in the CSF. We demonstrate that targeted lowering of mHTT selectively in the striatum using an antisense oligonucleotide leads to a significant reduction of mHTT in the CSF of HD mice. Furthermore, using a transgenic mouse model of HD that expresses full length human mHTT and wild type HTT, we show that genetic inactivation of mHTT selectively in the striatum results in a significant reduction of mHTT in the CSF. Taken together, our data supports the conclusion that the striatum contributes sufficiently to the pool of mHTT in the CSF that therapeutic levels of mHTT lowering in the striatum can be detected by this measure in HD mice. This suggests that CSF mHTT may represent a pharmacodynamic biomarker for therapies that lower mHTT in the striatum.

Abstract Background Wolbachia are intracellular bacterial endosymbionts found in most insect lineages. In mosquitoes, the influence of these endosymbionts on host reproduction and arboviral transmission has spurred numerous studies aimed at using Wolbachia infection as a vector control technique. However, there are several knowledge gaps in the literature and little is known about natural Wolbachia infection across species, their transmission modes, or associations between various Wolbachia lineages and their hosts. This study aims to address these gaps by exploring mosquito-Wolbachia associations and their evolutionary implications. Methods We conducted tissue-specific polymerase chain reaction screening for Wolbachia infection in the leg, gut and reproductive tissues of wild mosquitoes from Singapore using the Wolbachia surface protein gene (wsp) molecular marker. Mosquito-Wolbachia associations were explored using three methods—tanglegram, distance-based, and event-based methods—and by inferred instances of vertical transmission and host shifts. Results Adult mosquitoes (271 specimens) representing 14 genera and 40 species were screened for Wolbachia. Overall, 21 species (51.2%) were found positive for Wolbachia, including five in the genus Aedes and five in the genus Culex. To our knowledge, Wolbachia infections have not been previously reported in seven of these 21 species: Aedes nr. fumidus, Aedes annandalei, Uranotaenia obscura, Uranotaenia trilineata, Verrallina butleri, Verrallina sp. and Zeugnomyia gracilis. Wolbachia were predominantly detected in the reproductive tissues, which is an indication of vertical transmission. However, Wolbachia infection rates varied widely within a mosquito host species. There was no clear signal of cophylogeny between the mosquito hosts and the 12 putative Wolbachia strains observed in this study. Host shift events were also observed. Conclusions Our results suggest that the mosquito-Wolbachia relationship is complex and that combinations of transmission modes and multiple evolutionary events likely explain the observed distribution of Wolbachia diversity across mosquito hosts. These findings have implications for a better understanding of the diversity and ecology of Wolbachia and for their utility as biocontrol agents.

Abstract Background Human anatomy education is compulsory in the undergraduate curriculum in all Australian chiropractic education programs. There is very little data on clinicians’ perceptions of the adequacy of their anatomy training and its relevance to practice. The aims of this study were to evaluate Australian registered chiropractors’ perceptions on the relevance and adequacy of anatomy training for clinical practice and analyse their opinion on the usefulness of the teaching resources utilized during their preprofessional training. Methods A questionnaire-based survey was conducted on a sample of Australian registered chiropractors focussing on the adequacy of their anatomical science (gross anatomy, histology, neuroanatomy and embryology) training and the clinical relevance of each individual sub-discipline, and the perceived value of each of the different anatomy teaching resources utilized. Results A total of 128 completed surveys were returned from an estimated 387 attendees at two national chiropractic conferences (estimated 33% response rate). The respondents represent 2.6% of registered chiropractors in Australia in 2016 and were representative in terms of gender (66.4% male) but not age, with older generations being over-represented (peak age group 35–44 vs. 25–34). The majority of the survey respondents obtained their chiropractic qualification in Australia (89.1%) and graduated after 1990 with an average of 21.7 years (SD = 11.3, range = 1–44) in practice. Respondents were equally likely to have undertaken anatomy training in Medicine, Science, Health Science, or other faculties. The disciplines perceived most relevant for clinical practice were neuroanatomy (100% of respondents agreeing) and gross anatomy (99.2%), followed by histology (86.0%) and embryology (81.1%). Respondents also perceived their training to be most adequate in neuroanatomy (99.3%) and gross anatomy (99.2%) followed by histology (91.4%) and embryology (85%). Respondents confirmed exposure to a varied suite of anatomy teaching tools utilized during their pre-professional training and highly valued access to cadavers and prosected specimens. Conclusions The majority of respondents perceived anatomy as highly relevant to their clinical practice and noted that it was adequately taught within a wide range of educational approaches. These results will assist educators to refine content and delivery of anatomy course offerings to maximize relevance in chiropractic clinical practice.

Age estimation from radiographs is common when age is not documented, such as in forensic, refugee and asylum seeker cases. The methods currently used are outdated and not applicable to all human groups due to variations between populations and secular changes in growth. This study aims to use the ossification of the carpus in a modern sample of New South Wales children to produce an age estimation formula that can be applied to cases of undocumented age. Hand radiographs (n = 400; 194 left and 206 right) from the Sydney children’s hospital, aged from birth to 17 years (256 males and 144 females) were analysed. Bone area (BO) and carpal area (CA) were measured, and a carpus ossification ratio (BO/CA) was calculated for each individual. Linear regression analysis was used to produce a formula for age estimation. Analysis demonstrated no significant difference in the ossification ratio (95% CI) between wrists of left and right sides and a regression formula for age was determined to be [−0.972 + 1.403 g + 21.758 (BO/CA)] ± 1.40 (g is 1 for males and 0 for females). This regression formula accounted for 88% of total variance. The median of the absolute values of residual (MAR) and the standard error of estimate (SEE) were −0.03 years, 1.40 years respectively. Using the ossification ratio of the carpus, an age estimation formula with a relatively high degree of reliability and accuracy was generated for a modern sample of New South Wales Children.

Poisoning is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in India and also a major health problem worldwide. Majority of the studies shows that insecticides and pesticides compounds are the most widely used agents for poisoning. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to explore the hospital records of patients with acute poisoning cases. A structured proforma used to collect data regarding patients' demographic information, incidence of poisoning, cause and type of poisoning, clinical presentation of patient, treatment, and prognosis. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: A total 505 patient files with poisoning cases were admitted at emergency department. The mean age of the patients was 28.43 ± 14 years (range 1–84 years). In gender-wise ratio, male patients (59%) were higher than the females (39%). The occurrence of poisoning was high 209 (41.38%) in young adult with age of 21–30 years. The causes of poisoning were suicide in 63.96% of cases. In majority, 310 (61.38%) patients consumed insecticides or pesticides. About 51.1% patients were treated at locally available medical facilities and 48.9% cases were brought to tertiary care center directly for the treatment. About 258 (51.08%) patients treated with gastric lavage, and for 9 (1.8%) patients endotracheal intubation was performed. The average stay in the hospital was 12.53 ± 7.53 days and mortality was 42 (8.31%). Conclusion: This study highlights that the incidence of poisoning and its morbidity and mortality can be reduced by development and implementation of effective intervention at primary level by health care providers and strategies on preventive aspect.

Efficient water use, particularly in the realm of irrigation, has emerged as a critical concern in regions suffering from persistent drought, such as California and Florida. With the advent of smart irrigation controllers encouraged by environmental policies, a new paradigm of water management is gaining traction. Among these, the Rachio smart controller has garnered significant attention. However, without direct feedback or actual water usage data, optimizing these irrigation systems for enhanced efficiency remains challenging. This paper introduces Water-COLOR, a novel recommendation system integrated within the Rachio smart controller's framework to address this challenge. The system leverages similar landscape profiles to suggest irrigation schedules that are both water-efficient and user-preferable. By analyzing manual user interactions with the controller, Water-COLOR infers user satisfaction, which, along with estimated water usage, informs the adaptation of irrigation plans. The system eschews the need for additional sensors, thereby reducing infrastructure requirements. Our evaluation demonstrates consistent performance across diverse climatic regions and indicates that the system's recommendations could significantly contribute to water conservation efforts. The results not only showcase the potential of Water-COLOR to enhance the efficiency of existing smart irrigation systems but also open avenues for deploying real-time, data-driven environmental solutions.

Variation in biotic and abiotic factors among populations affects individual behaviors by transforming the social landscape and shaping mating systems. Consequently, describing behaviors in natural populations requires consideration of the biological and physical factors that different individuals face. Here, we examined variation in socio-sexual and locomotor behaviors in a small, livebearing, freshwater fish, the pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys collettei, across natural populations in Singapore. The pygmy halfbeak is a surface feeding fish that spends most of the time near the water surface, making it ideal for non-invasive behavioral observations. We compared behaviors between sexes among 26 shoals while simultaneously accounting for environmental variation. We demonstrated that sexual interactions and locomotor behaviors differed among shoals with varying levels of canopy cover and water flow. Specifically, in areas with greater canopy cover, sexual interactions decreased, whereas time spent in a stationary position increased. Sexual interactions were more numerous in still water, where fish spent less time swimming. Variation in the expression of socio-sexual and locomotor behaviors were not associated with differences in the amount of aquatic vegetation, water depth or halfbeak shoal size. Agonistic interactions were robust to environmental effects, showing little variation among environments. However, there were strong sex effects, with males performing more agonistic behaviors and spending less time in a stationary position compared to females, regardless of the environment. Moreover, sexual interactions, measured as actively performed by males and passively received by females, were on average more frequent in males than in females. Our findings help us explore the proximal causes of intraspecific behavioral variation and suggest that fundamental information on socio-sexual behaviors from wild populations can lead to a better understanding of how sexual selection operates when the strength of natural selection varies across environments.